future city
TRANSCRIPT
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SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE,BUILDING & DESIGN
Element of Natural Built Environment (FNBE0115)
SMCitya f u t u r e s u s t a i n a b l e e c o c i t y o f M a l a y s i a
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Contents
• Introduction
SECTION ONE• Study of Ancient cities • Study of Present cities
SECTION TWO• Proposed Future city
SECTION THREE• Conclusion
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Introduction
• Every city will need to sustain itself. Just like any living creature, the city is unique and very alive. It grows, it populates, it requires food, it requires energy, it needs to move, it needs shelter, and it needs protection and a defense system, very similar to nature. Every city is different yet the heart of every city is the people and their activities.
• The future city should focus on the needs of the people, the facilities, infrastructures, and how it will sustain itself in the future. To plan for the future we should refer to the past. Great cities such as Jericho, Rome, and Babylon existed thousands of years before we were born. They were the largest cities in the world, and arguably the epicenters of human civilization. These cities led mankind to new heights of culture and commerce, though in the end each of them was surpassed and some of them destroyed.
• Cities have been called the highest forms of social organization. Think of the complexity of road systems, transportation, building laws, markets, business centre, sports events, food distribution, educational systems, sanitation, utilities, land usage, housing and etcetera. But that complexity didn't spring up over night. It is the result of long years of human development.
• People live, work, and have fun together in many different kinds of communities. A city is a large community, home to many people; a town is a small community; a suburb is a community located outside of a city; and a neighbourhood is a small community that consists of the people and buildings near home. The relationship between the city, town, suburb and neighbourhood is greatly interrelated.
• Cities need lungs for breathing, basically well-maintained open, green, public spaces. The city as a physical composition involves interaction between these man-made and natural components. Basically, a city consists of spaces for human activities and interactions. It creates identity to a certain city.
A great city is a city that is sustainable and liveable.
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SECTION ONE- STUDIES OF ANCIENT CITIES
SMCitya f u t u r e s u s t a i n a b l e e c o c i t y o f M a l a y s i a
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Ancient City -HOW IT START
Agriculture--The Basis of Civilization
• The single, decisive factor that made it possible for mankind to settle in permanent communities was agriculture. After farming was developed in the Middle East in about 6500 BC, people living in tribes or family units did not have to be on the move continually searching for food or herding their animals. Once people could control the production of food and be assured of a reliable annual supply of it, their lives changed completely.
• People began to found permanent communities in fertile river valleys. Settlers learned to use the water supply to irrigate the land. Being settled in one place made it possible to domesticate animals in order to provide other sources of food and clothing.
• Farming was a revolutionary discovery. It not only made settlements possible--and ultimately the building of cities--but it also made available a reliable food supply. With more food available, more people could be fed. Populations therefore increased. The growing number of people available for more kinds of work led to the development of more complex social structures. With a food surplus, a community could support a variety of workers who were not farmers.
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Ancient City
• Farming the world over has always relied upon a dependable water supply. For the earliest societies this meant rivers and streams or regular rainfall. The first great civilizations grew up along rivers..
• All of the ancient civilizations probably developed in much the same way, in spite of regional and climatic differences. As villages grew, the accumulation of more numerous and substantial goods became possible. Heavier pottery replaced animal-skin gourds as containers for food and liquids. Cloth could be woven from wool and flax. Permanent structures made of wood, brick, and stone could be erected.
• By about 5000 BC, small tribes of farmers had made their way to the river valleys. On the floodplains they raised wheat, barley, and peas. They cut through the riverbanks so that water for their crops could flow to lower lying soil.
• These early irrigation systems were more fully developed by the Sumerians in Mesopotamia, who drained marshes and dug canals, dikes, and ditches. The need for cooperation on these large irrigation projects led to the growth of government and law. The Sumerians are thus credited with forming the earliest of the ancient civilizations.
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Ancient City
• Sumerian towns and cities included Eridu, Nippur, Lagash, Kish, and Ur. The cities differed from primitive farming settlements. They were not composed of family-owned farms, but were ringed by large tracts of land.
• These early cities, which existed by 3500 BC, were called temple towns because they were built around the temple of the local god. Public buildings and marketplaces were built around these shrines.
• The temple towns grew into city-states, which are considered the basis of the first true civilizations. At a time when only the most rudimentary forms of transportation and communication were available, the city-state was the most governable type of human settlement.
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Typical Ancient City
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Element Ancient City
Learning from History – using river for agriculture, defense , transportation, local building materials, etc
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SECTION TWO- STUDIES OF PRESENT CITIES
SMCitya f u t u r e s u s t a i n a b l e e c o c i t y o f M a l a y s i a
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Present Cities
• Malaysia Cities
• Malaysian cities basically begin from trade centers of the straits settlement. During that time traders from middle east, india & china travelled by sea to cities like Melaka, Penang, Singapore. Buildings were built in regular grid pattern in the form of shop houses or more accurately china town style along the major roads usually next to or close by the rivers. eg: Kuala lumpur, kuantan, Melaka, penang, Kuala Terengganu, muar, kota baru, Johor baru.
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Present Cities
• During the colonial period, the british begin to build more administration buildings and open up more economy activities eg: rubber plantation, tin & iron mining areas and the development begin to expand to the new economy areas. After independence, city development is still centered around the newly build government administration center because of the availability of jobs and income opportunities. Off street shop houses remained the most popular type of buildings – the owners lived, worked and carried out business activities under one roof. The design of the shop houses usually include courtyards and air wells for climatic control, corridors provide covered walkway to link all the business activities and peoples together. The city pattern at that time was environmentally friendly.
• As the cities grow, new type of buildings begin to evolve based on new lifestyle and affordability, peoples preferred to stay in terrace houses, semi-d, bungalows, apartments and they will travel by cars to office buildings and shops for their work and business. Lacking of trained professional eg: town planner , architect has resulted in most of the new houses were built without proper master plan and rather disorder, confusing and chaotic . As the urban population increase couple with the influx of rural population and tourists, international businessmen, students to the cities, new buildings like convention center, shopping complex, hotels, theme park, resort, hospitals, universities, CBD ( central business district ) became common in the cities to cater for the new emerging needs. Unfortunately, proper drainage design, sewer and waste disposal system, road systems, electricity and water supply were mostly lacking quality and planning.
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Present Cities
• In recent years, Malaysia has produced a fairly big group of trained professional town planners, architects, engineers and the cities development has seen a very encouraging new focus and direction. The government and the communities have better understanding and awareness on quality of urban built environment. Better urban planning, exciting ideas emphasizing on green, eco-friendly and sustainable built environment has been planned eg: Iskandar, Putrajaya,I-city, setia eco-city, KL Sentral, etc Better transportation system like LRT, covered walkways, urban gardens, energy management, lower co2 emission has become key consideration for the architects towards building a better built environment and urban communities.
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SECTION THREE- STUDIES OF FUTURE CITIES
SMCitya f u t u r e s u s t a i n a b l e e c o c i t y o f M a l a y s i a
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Future City
• The city will be an ultra-modern "smart metropolis," where energy is produced from renewable sources, transport will be publicly provided, and waste will be diverted to other uses. The city's plan is also supposed to encourage social integration and mental well-being. It will feature green spaces and areas where people can relax and mingle, as well as a mixture of skyscrapers and low-rise buildings throughout, rather than separate business and residential districts.
• And while the city is intended to help with Malaysia's expected population growth in the coming decades, it's also meant to be an example for other countries in the region to follow. Future population growth in south-east Asia is expected to be mainly concentrated in cities. If this city model succeeds, it could create a higher standard of living for the people who live there.
• It is a smart city template - protecting the environment, promoting equitable development and addressing urban development challenges..."
SMCitya future sustainable eco city of Malaysia
SM means “sustainable Malaysia“ sustainability will be the most important consideration for a future city
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Future City
• The SM City will limit the environmental impact of its residents by promoting public transportation over traditional car use, producing clean energy, and reducing waste. it will be a city where "cars will be essentially unnecessary" although there will still be standard roads.
• Half the road space will be reserved for non-motorized traffic, though, and electric shuttles will transport people to places they can't reach by walking. And every single home will be within a two-minute walk of a public park. at the transport station, various facilities will be provided eg: mosque, polis station, supermarket, nursery, etc so that residents do not need to travel far for their daily needs. the city will use less energy and less water, and generate less waste, than a conventional development with a similar population. the city will have its own urban power plant using renewable and alternative energy, energy derived from waste, wind, solar will be used to produce energy. the city layout are also supposed to encourage a thriving civic life, with affordable housing, education and medical care all clustered in the city centre.
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Future City
• Basic module • The regular grid will allow the maximum design flexibility and expansion even irregular organic
layout can be adopted with the basic grid and module.
Learning from nature – good connectivity, climatic control, modular, expandable, energy and food source within complex, 100% green.
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Basic Module of the planning layout
Combating global warming, green & alternative energy, low carbon / energy sustainable eco-city. “living better, consuming less”
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Concept – What the future needs…
Combating global warming, green & alternative energy, low carbon / energy sustainable eco-city. “living better, consuming less”
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Concept – What the city needs
• Learning from the experts and scientist on how to create a sustainable city
Combating global warming, green & alternative energy, low carbon / energy sustainable eco-city. “living better, consuming less”
Adopt latest eco-friendly green building materials, modular construction, etc
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Zoning area - How the future city work…
Industrial
Government Parcel
Commercial
Education
Mixed use
housing
housing
Future expansion
tourism
Combating global warming, green & alternative energy, low carbon / energy sustainable eco-city. “living better, consuming less”
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F u t u r e C i t y
Master plan Combating global warming, green & alternative energy, low carbon / energy sustainable eco-city.
“living better, consuming less”
If we fail to combat global warming then we might have to design this.
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F u t u r e C i t y
Transportation hub
Master plan
Industrial Zone
Convention Center
Combating global warming, green & alternative energy, low carbon / energy sustainable eco-city.
“living better, consuming less”
R&D Power Plan
Shipping Port
Alternative Energy , Urban Power plantWind, solar energy etc
Residential Zone
Transportation hub
Transportation hub
Shopping Complex
CBD
CommercialHousing
Government Admin Hub
Education Hub
Public Housing
Tourism development
Future Expansion Public
park
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F u t u r e C i t y
Perspective Combating global warming, green & alternative energy, low carbon / energy sustainable eco-city.
“living better, consuming less”
One of the biggest problems facing the ever-growing population of Earth and the subsequent
expansion of our cities and settlements is the increasing value of land. Finding new land to build
upon is likely to become very difficult in the future, especially if the population continues to
grow at such an alarming rate.
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F u t u r e C i t y
Perspective Combating global warming, green & alternative energy, low carbon / energy sustainable eco-city.
“living better, consuming less”
Shopping Complex
Tourism development
Commercial
Government Admin Hub
Industrial Zone
Residential zone
Housing
Transportation Hub
Transportation Hub
Transportation Hub
Public Housing
R&D power Plan
Shipping Port
Education Hub
CBD
Future Expansion
Public Park
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F u t u r e C i t y
SectionalPerspective – How the future city work…
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Activities + Square
The city must have enough public space to provide a place of retreat, social interaction, relaxation space for a much better living environment.
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Imaginary City
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Green Belt The city must have enough public park and greenery and should be within a short distance from our daily activities area.
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infrastructureCity must be well connected with energy efficient LRT/Transportation system. The daily needs like Shopping, living, entertainment should been incorporate within the transportation hub.
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Vista / Focal point
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Main point
secondary
<-> city of focal / vista to allow good connectivity and orientation.
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Other feature that should be incorporated into a future cities1
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Urban Farming
Food chain supply is always a consideration for any cities an ages in order to sustain.
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Urban Power Station3
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Wireless TelecommunicationFor future city ultra high-speed internet service must be make available to all the citizen at all corner
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Conclusion
• The City of the future must be the city which is sustainable in both social and energy management. It has to be a low carbon/ low energy eco city and have the features to combat global warming, .“living better, consuming less”