future direction of network and service management
DESCRIPTION
Future Direction of Network and Service Management. Yoon Hak Bang KT Network Technology Lab. Introduction High Lean Service Provider Remote Control in Network Operation Control/Configuration Interface standards Resource & Service Management Architecture KT’s Direction Remarks. 1. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Future Direction of Network Future Direction of Network and Service Management and Service Management
Yoon Hak BangYoon Hak BangKT Network Technology Lab.KT Network Technology Lab.
22 APNOMS2006, Busan, KoreaCopyright ©Copyright © 2006 by KT NT Lab. All rights reserved.2006 by KT NT Lab. All rights reserved.
IntroductionIntroduction
High Lean Service ProviderHigh Lean Service Provider
Remote Control in Network OperationRemote Control in Network Operation
Control/Configuration Interface standardsControl/Configuration Interface standards
Resource & Service Management Architecture Resource & Service Management Architecture
KT’s DirectionKT’s Direction
RemarksRemarks
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33 APNOMS2006, Busan, KoreaCopyright ©Copyright © 2006 by KT NT Lab. All rights reserved.2006 by KT NT Lab. All rights reserved.
Introduction Network operation & management until now
– Network elements monitoring• Massive alarm/performance data processing• Standard management interface protocols (MIB)
– SNMP, CMIP, TL/1, CORBA– Recently, Internet equipment life-cycle being very shorten then
PSTN equipments.• Vendors were focused on service capabilities then management int
erfaces NM related standards
– NM standards release too lately then service capability standards
– NM standards mainly focus on elements monitoring– Configuration & control interfaces are various
• NetConf, COPS, SNMP• Vendor proprietary interfaces are more popular (ex. CLI)
1111
44 APNOMS2006, Busan, KoreaCopyright ©Copyright © 2006 by KT NT Lab. All rights reserved.2006 by KT NT Lab. All rights reserved.
Introduction Gap between SP requirements and standards & vendor’s
implementations– Integrated of multiple technology networks vs. specific network’s protocols– Multi-vendor standards vs. proprietary – Configuration and control vs. monitoring– Standard control interfaces vs. vendor proprietary console commands– Secure standards control interfaces vs. console
Final goal of network management– End-to-end full automation
• Minimize manual operations only engage exceptional case
– But• AnalysisAnalysis work is very hard because very little information from network element’s
alarm signal (depends on manual analysis)• Control or configurationControl or configuration works are acting by manual operations
MonitoringAnalysis
(Root Cause Analysis)
Control or Configuration
and dispatches
55 APNOMS2006, Busan, KoreaCopyright ©Copyright © 2006 by KT NT Lab. All rights reserved.2006 by KT NT Lab. All rights reserved.
High Lean Service Provider2222
Operation Paradigm Shift Business Agility Reduce the OPEX !!
– Resource vs. Employee– End-to-end Process Automation
• Inter-domain management• Automatic Network Elements Control• Enterprise-wide Business Process Management• Customer Self-Service Management
66 APNOMS2006, Busan, KoreaCopyright ©Copyright © 2006 by KT NT Lab. All rights reserved.2006 by KT NT Lab. All rights reserved.
Operation Paradigm Shift
Change of Telecom Business Environments
ToToday & near Futureday & near FutureYesterdayYesterday
UbiquityUbiquity
PersonalizationPersonalization
ConvergenceConvergence
HandyHandy
UbiquityUbiquity
PersonalizationPersonalization
ConvergenceConvergence
HandyHandy
Network focus Service focus
Circuit-based long-lived service (POTS)
Session-based short-lived service (IP/Data Service)
Reactive to customers Proactive to
customers
Relatively simple product mixture
Increasingly complex product mixture
Business driven by Telecom carriers and technologies
Business driven by customers
Mass marketing Target marketing
77 APNOMS2006, Busan, KoreaCopyright ©Copyright © 2006 by KT NT Lab. All rights reserved.2006 by KT NT Lab. All rights reserved.
Business Agility
TMForum NGOSS provide principle and tools for Telecom Business Agility
88 APNOMS2006, Busan, KoreaCopyright ©Copyright © 2006 by KT NT Lab. All rights reserved.2006 by KT NT Lab. All rights reserved.
Reduced the OPEX !!! Resource vs. Employee
Decreasing the Operational Staff
Operational efficiencyis needed
More requests, faster development
is needed
Services Contents no
PSTN LLU, Number Portability ... 38
Megapass ADSL, Nespot, NTOPIA... 82
Home Digital
IPTV, Home Sky, Home N.. 6
High Speed Service
Public ATM,
Public Hinet-P/F ..
22
Kornet enTum, ISDN,Dial Up,VPN..
64
Dedicated Line
Long distance ... 14
etc Octave,Wibro, DU:... 6
Total 233 categories
1818
152152
6262
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
2002 2003 2004
Request
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
budget request
New Service Request
Budget
(10
0 m
illio
n K
W)8,540
8,359
7,448
6,839 6,787 6,802
6000
6500
7000
7500
8000
8500
9000
'03.5 '03.9 '03.10 '03.11 '05.3 '05.12
99 APNOMS2006, Busan, KoreaCopyright ©Copyright © 2006 by KT NT Lab. All rights reserved.2006 by KT NT Lab. All rights reserved.
Reduce the OPEX !!!
Build the Integrated Resource Inventory Manager– Manage all connecting points across the layered network– Interworking with ERP system– Removing data distortion
SDH Transport Network Access Network
Internet
VDSL modem
Access EthernetSwitch
Metro-EthernetSwitch
Gigabit Router IX Router
Customer sectionDistribute frame
SDH/PDHSDH/PDH
xDSL/FTTH/WiFi
xDSL/FTTH/WiFi
PSTNPSTN
InternetInternet
ATM/FR
ATM/FRLeased
-line
Leased-line
WiBroWCDMA
WiBroWCDMA
Premium Internet
Premium Internet
NGN (BcN)NGN (BcN)
1010 APNOMS2006, Busan, KoreaCopyright ©Copyright © 2006 by KT NT Lab. All rights reserved.2006 by KT NT Lab. All rights reserved.
End-to-end Process Automation
Inter-domain Management
Manless Office
WirelessWirelessAccess NetworkAccess Network
WirelessWirelessAccess NetworkAccess Network
WirelineWirelineAccess NetworkAccess Network
WirelineWirelineAccess NetworkAccess Network Premium Internet
InternetInternetInternetInternet
Environments manger
Environments manger NMS2NMS2
Inter-domainManager
Inter-domainManager
NMS1NMS1
WorkforceManager
WorkforceManager
NMSnNMSn
FieldOrder
alarmRequestDetail
EnvironmentsNotification
Remote ControlCommand
Remote ControlCommand alarm
TransmissionNetwork
BusinessCustomersite
Apartmentsite
ATM/FRNetwork
FieldOrder Request
1111 APNOMS2006, Busan, KoreaCopyright ©Copyright © 2006 by KT NT Lab. All rights reserved.2006 by KT NT Lab. All rights reserved.
Enterprise-wide Process
All kind of control process should be defined to the enterprise-wide process– From customer’s service request (new/change)
• Service/network provisioning
– From customer’s service complain– From network fault/performance degradation
Should be managed by BPM system and Policy rule
1212 APNOMS2006, Busan, KoreaCopyright ©Copyright © 2006 by KT NT Lab. All rights reserved.2006 by KT NT Lab. All rights reserved.
Customer Self-service Management
Customer Network Management– Service status monitoring for customer services
Customer Service Order Request/Change Customer Service Complain
1313 APNOMS2006, Busan, KoreaCopyright ©Copyright © 2006 by KT NT Lab. All rights reserved.2006 by KT NT Lab. All rights reserved.
Remote Control in Network Operation3333
Define of remote control Control in Trouble & Performance
Management Processes Type of Control
– Traffic Control• PSTN Traffic Control• MPLS TE Control
– Activation/De-activation
1414 APNOMS2006, Busan, KoreaCopyright ©Copyright © 2006 by KT NT Lab. All rights reserved.2006 by KT NT Lab. All rights reserved.
Define of Remote Control
Not signaling control– No.7 Signaling, UNI signaling, OCP, NCP …
Network elements (include service servers) control/configuration for network maintenance– Resource provisioning
• Activation/deactivation
• Resource (NE) configuration
– Trouble shooting• Protection, restoration, resolve
– Performance control• Traffic control
– Environment control• Power system, air-conditioning, security
1515 APNOMS2006, Busan, KoreaCopyright ©Copyright © 2006 by KT NT Lab. All rights reserved.2006 by KT NT Lab. All rights reserved.
NE control
Control in Trouble and Performance Management Process
Alarms monitoring
SDH/PDH
SDH/PDH
xDSL/FTTH/WiFi
xDSL/FTTH/WiFi
PSTN
PSTN
Internet
Internet
ATM/FR
ATM/FR
Leased
-line
Leased
-line
WiBroWCDMA
WiBroWCDMA
Premium Internet
Premium Internet
NGN (BcN)
NGN (BcN)
Analysis alarms(Root Cause
Analysis, service impact analysis)
Resource Trouble Report
Process ManagerLocalize Resource Trouble
Correct & resolve
Resource Trouble
1616 APNOMS2006, Busan, KoreaCopyright ©Copyright © 2006 by KT NT Lab. All rights reserved.2006 by KT NT Lab. All rights reserved.
Control in Trouble and Performance Management Process
NE control
Performance monitoring
Analysis performance(Root Cause
Analysis, service impact analysis)
Resource Degradation Report
Process Manager
Control Resource
Performance
SDH/PDH
SDH/PDH
xDSL/FTTH/WiFi
xDSL/FTTH/WiFi
PSTN
PSTN
Internet
Internet
ATM/FR
ATM/FR
Leased
-line
Leased
-line
WiBroWCDMA
WiBroWCDMA
Premium Internet
Premium Internet
NGN (BcN)
NGN (BcN)
1717 APNOMS2006, Busan, KoreaCopyright ©Copyright © 2006 by KT NT Lab. All rights reserved.2006 by KT NT Lab. All rights reserved.
Type of Control Network Control
– Traffic/Performance Control• PSTN LEX RC• MPLS TE control by CLI (Command Line Interface)• Policy Control by COPS (Common Open Policy Services)
– Routing Control• Routing Table update• Optical Cross Connect control
– Service server control• DNS, DHCP policy control• Application servers policy control
– Activation/deactivation/configuration Environments Control
– Power, battery– Air conditioning (temperature, humidity)– Security control (manless offices, Mobile base station door and so o
n)
1818 APNOMS2006, Busan, KoreaCopyright ©Copyright © 2006 by KT NT Lab. All rights reserved.2006 by KT NT Lab. All rights reserved.
Control/Configuration Interface standards IETF
– Netconf– SNMP V3/SMI V2– COPS
ITU-T– M.3000 Series– X.700 CMIP/CMIS
TMForum– TMF509
DMTF– CIM/WBEM
3GPP, ATIS, OMA, MSF, ….. Equipment vendors consider monitoring interface only.
– Very few control interfaces– Vendor’s proprietary implementation– Very hard to implementation of generic control functions for service provider
No firm standard control interface !!– More important in NGN, FMC (All-IP) era
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1919 APNOMS2006, Busan, KoreaCopyright ©Copyright © 2006 by KT NT Lab. All rights reserved.2006 by KT NT Lab. All rights reserved.
Resource & Service Management Architecture5555
Service Provider’s EA Business Architecture Data Architecture Application Architecture Technical Architecture Agility Enabled Network Management
Architecture
2020 APNOMS2006, Busan, KoreaCopyright ©Copyright © 2006 by KT NT Lab. All rights reserved.2006 by KT NT Lab. All rights reserved.
Service Provider’s EA
Define the Enterprise Architecture (EA*) for enterprise control/management
* EA : Suggestion by Zachman (IBM), TMForum’s NGOSS is best EA case in Telecommunication Industry
Business Architecture Data Architecture
Application Architecture Technical Architecture
Define integrated and industry-agreed business process for end-to-end automation
Events, Business rule Identify all functional entities through each business process
eTOM
Mapping functions to the applications
Define the whole applications in company as reference model for system develop
TAM
Define the principle of Contract and interactions
Define basic framework services.Define the implementation principles
TNA
Telecom Service
Provider’s Enterprise Architectu
re
standardized information definitions acting as the common language
A common information language is the linchpin in creating easy-to-integrate software solutions.
SID
2121 APNOMS2006, Busan, KoreaCopyright ©Copyright © 2006 by KT NT Lab. All rights reserved.2006 by KT NT Lab. All rights reserved.
Business Architecture Business Process and function separation
– Business process are vary change• New service or change of business are very often• Definition of end-to-end enterprise business process are very difficult
– Should be upgrade during in operation
– If IT system implemented by hard-coded business process, it will be very cost and slow
Business Policy/Rules are very important– Business rule enable a giant leap forward in bridging the gap between
business people and IT system– Business policy/rules are operation know-how
Industry standard business process : TMForum eTOM– COTS interoperable IT environments– Standard business process description language : WS-BPEL (Business
Process Execution Language) Process Optimization by BAM (Business Activities Monitoring)
2222 APNOMS2006, Busan, KoreaCopyright ©Copyright © 2006 by KT NT Lab. All rights reserved.2006 by KT NT Lab. All rights reserved.
Data Architecture
Very important in interface definitions
Common language between different department in company or B-to-B
SDH/PDHSDH/PDH
xDSL/FTTH/WiFi
xDSL/FTTH/WiFi
PSTN
PSTN
InternetInternet
ATM/FR
ATM/FR
Leased-line
Leased-line
WiBroWCDMA
WiBroWCDMA
Premium Internet
Premium Internet
NGN (BcN)NGN (BcN)
NMSService
Configuration
ResourceProvisioning
Sales
Service Problem
Customer Care
Resource Trouble
Service Quality
Resource Performance
Network Elements Adaptation
Service Planning
NetworkInfrastructure
NetworkManagement
2323 APNOMS2006, Busan, KoreaCopyright ©Copyright © 2006 by KT NT Lab. All rights reserved.2006 by KT NT Lab. All rights reserved.
Application Architecture
TMForum’s TAM (Telecom Application Map)
Resource Design / Assign
Resource Design / Assign
Customer Management
Service Management
Resource Management
Resource Inventory Manage-ment
Resource Inventory Manage-ment
Resource Status Monitoring
Resource Status Monitoring
Resource Problem
Management
Resource Problem
Management
Resource Performance Monitoring/
Management
Resource Performance Monitoring/
ManagementWorkforce Manage-ment
Workforce Manage-ment
Resource Logistics
Resource Logistics
Correlation & Root Cause
Analysis
Correlation & Root Cause
Analysis
Resource Activation
Resource Activation
Customer QOS/ SLA Management
Customer QOS/ SLA Management
Customer Front Office Billing Management
Customer Front Office Billing Management
Customer Service / Account Problem
Resolution
Customer Service / Account Problem
Resolution
ServiceDesign / Assign
ServiceDesign / Assign
Product / Service Catalog Management
Product / Service Catalog Management
Service Rating / Discounting
Management
Service Rating / Discounting
Management
Receivables Management
Receivables Management
Real-time Billing Management
Real-time Billing Management
Revenue Assurance
Management
Revenue Assurance
ManagementService
Configuration Management
ServiceConfiguration Management
Arbitrage Management
Arbitrage ManagementResource Testing
Management
Resource TestingManagement
Resource Data Mediation
Resource Data Mediation
Billing Mediation
Billing Mediation
Service Quality Monitoring &
Impact Analysis
Service Quality Monitoring &
Impact Analysis
ServicePerformance Management
ServicePerformance Management
Service Problem
Manage-ment
Service Problem
Manage-ment
Resource Planning/
Optimisation
Resource Planning/
Optimisation
Enterprise Management
Customer Contact, Retention &
Loyalty
Customer Contact, Retention &
Loyalty
Product Management
Market / Sales
Supplier / PartnerManagement
Partner ManagementPartner Management
Product Lifecycle Management
Product Lifecycle Management
Supply Chain managementSupply Chain management
Campaign ManagementCampaign Management Channel Sales
Management
Channel Sales Management
SecurityManagement
SecurityManagement
HRManagement
HRManagement Asset
Management
AssetManagement Knowledge
management
Knowledgemanagement
FinancialManagement
FinancialManagement
Fraud ManagementFraud Management
Resource Provisioning / Configuration
Resource Provisioning / Configuration
Customer Self ManagementCustomer Self Management
Order ManagementOrder Management
Inte
gra
tion
infra
stru
ctu
re:
bu
s tech
nolo
gy/ m
idd
lewa
re / bu
siness p
roce
ss ma
nag
em
en
t
Product Performance Management
Product Performance Management Product Strategy /
Proposition Management
Product Strategy / Proposition Management
Corporate Sales Management
Corporate Sales Management
Customer Information
Management
Customer Information
Management
Customer Back Office Billing Management
Customer Back Office Billing Management
Bill Formatting
Bill Formatting
InvoicingInvoicingQuotation EngineQuotation Engine Collections Management
Collections Management
ServiceInventory Manage-ment
ServiceInventory Manage-ment
ServiceSpecification Management
ServiceSpecification Management
Resource Specification Management
Resource Specification Management
Resource Domain Management (IT Computing, IT Applications, Network)Resource Domain Management (IT Computing, IT Applications, Network)
Wholesale / Interconnect BillingWholesale / Interconnect Billing
ContractsContracts
2424 APNOMS2006, Busan, KoreaCopyright ©Copyright © 2006 by KT NT Lab. All rights reserved.2006 by KT NT Lab. All rights reserved.
Technical Architecture Mature of Open distributed
computing technology– Web Service based SOA (Service Oriented
Architecture)• Communication : SOAP• Interface : WSDL• Registration/brokering : UDDI• Business Process : BPEL• Policy : WS-Policy
TMForum TNA (Technology Neutral Architecture)
Business Rule Management– Define the business rule and non-stop rule
modification (without programming) with RBMS*
* RBMS : Rule Based Management System
2525 APNOMS2006, Busan, KoreaCopyright ©Copyright © 2006 by KT NT Lab. All rights reserved.2006 by KT NT Lab. All rights reserved.
Agility Enabled Network Management Architecture
Common Platform
NML
NML
EML
EML
SML
SML
BML
BML
TMN MappingTMN Mapping
AssuranceAssuranceFulfillmentFulfillment
SupportSupport
Ente
rpris
e In
fras
truc
ture
Ente
rpris
e In
fras
truc
ture
IS/ ITIS/IT
Legal/Legal/Reg. Mat.Reg. Mat.
LogisticsLogistics
HumanHumanResourcesResources
FinanceFinance
MarketingMarketing
SalesSales
OrderOrderHandlingHandling
Service Service Planning/ Planning/
DevelopmentDevelopment
Service Service ConfigurationConfiguration
Service Service Problem Problem
ResolutionResolution
Service Service Quality Quality
ManagementManagement
Problem Problem HandlingHandling
Customer Customer QOS QOS
ManagementManagement
Network Network Planning/Planning/
DevelopmentDevelopment
Network Network ProvisioningProvisioning
Network Network Inventory Inventory
ManagementManagement
Network Network Maintenance & Maintenance &
RestorationRestoration
Customer Interface ManagementCustomer Interface Management
Work Force Work Force ManagementManagement
BillingBilling
Invoicing/ Invoicing/ CollectionsCollections
Rating and Rating and DiscountingDiscounting
Network Data Network Data ManagementManagement
Part
ner I
nter
face
Man
agem
ent P
roce
sses
Part
ner I
nter
face
Man
agem
ent P
roce
sses
ERPERPERP Decision Support
Decision Decision SupportSupport
Care and Billing Solutions (BSS)Care and Billing Solutions (BSS)
InfrastructureInfrastructurePlanningPlanning
WorkforceWorkforceManagementManagement
Service Management Service Management –– Service Delivery, Service Assurance, Service ControlService Delivery, Service Assurance, Service Control
Network Delivery Network Delivery –– Network Design/ Build, Network MaintenanceNetwork Design/ Build, Network Maintenance
NML
NML
EML
EML
SML
SML
BML
BML
TMN MappingTMN Mapping
AssuranceAssuranceFulfillmentFulfillment
SupportSupport
Ente
rpris
e In
fras
truc
ture
Ente
rpris
e In
fras
truc
ture
IS/ ITIS/IT
Legal/Legal/Reg. Mat.Reg. Mat.
LogisticsLogistics
HumanHumanResourcesResources
FinanceFinance
MarketingMarketing
SalesSales
OrderOrderHandlingHandling
Service Service Planning/ Planning/
DevelopmentDevelopment
Service Service ConfigurationConfiguration
Service Service Problem Problem
ResolutionResolution
Service Service Quality Quality
ManagementManagement
Problem Problem HandlingHandling
Customer Customer QOS QOS
ManagementManagement
Network Network Planning/Planning/
DevelopmentDevelopment
Network Network ProvisioningProvisioning
Network Network Inventory Inventory
ManagementManagement
Network Network Maintenance & Maintenance &
RestorationRestoration
Customer Interface ManagementCustomer Interface Management
Work Force Work Force ManagementManagement
BillingBilling
Invoicing/ Invoicing/ CollectionsCollections
Rating and Rating and DiscountingDiscounting
Network Data Network Data ManagementManagement
Part
ner I
nter
face
Man
agem
ent P
roce
sses
Part
ner I
nter
face
Man
agem
ent P
roce
sses
ERPERPERP Decision Support
Decision Decision SupportSupport
Care and Billing Solutions (BSS)Care and Billing Solutions (BSS)
InfrastructureInfrastructurePlanningPlanning
WorkforceWorkforceManagementManagement
Service Management Service Management –– Service Delivery, Service Assurance, Service ControlService Delivery, Service Assurance, Service Control
Network Delivery Network Delivery –– Network Design/ Build, Network MaintenanceNetwork Design/ Build, Network Maintenance
KPI improvemen
t
Business Uncertainty
Improvement
Top-d
ow
n D
evelo
pm
ent
Way
Common Messaging Bus
Legacy ERPDB
Easily define the business processes based on industry information and process
Visible business processed Real-time monitoring Technology and Standard : SID,
eTOM, BPM.
Business Process Layer
BusinessProcess
Modeling
BusinessRule
Modeling
BusinessActivity
Monitoring
Business Performance Analysis
Business Performance Layer
Find the re-engineering process Precise the business rule/policy Method : 6-Sigma
Service Framework Layer
Define re-usable component as a framework services
Naming, Registration, Location Technology : Web Service, EAI.
Common Service Bus (SOA)
2626 APNOMS2006, Busan, KoreaCopyright ©Copyright © 2006 by KT NT Lab. All rights reserved.2006 by KT NT Lab. All rights reserved.
6666 KT’s DirectionKT’s Direction OSS History of KT KT’s NeOSS Evolving NeOSS
2727 APNOMS2006, Busan, KoreaCopyright ©Copyright © 2006 by KT NT Lab. All rights reserved.2006 by KT NT Lab. All rights reserved.
OSS History of KT
timetime1980s
NE FaultMonitoring
1990s
Line TestingAccess Facility Assign
Broadband Manage(Access line share with
PSTN and ADSL)Integrated Inventory
= NeOSSNeOSS
2003~2005 2010?
NGN/FMC ManageAutomatic ControlEnd-to-end BPM
2828 APNOMS2006, Busan, KoreaCopyright ©Copyright © 2006 by KT NT Lab. All rights reserved.2006 by KT NT Lab. All rights reserved.
OSS History of KT
NeOSS Characteristics– Integrated Inventory– Integrated Service Fulfillment/Assurance– Workforce Management– SLA/CNM
2929 APNOMS2006, Busan, KoreaCopyright ©Copyright © 2006 by KT NT Lab. All rights reserved.2006 by KT NT Lab. All rights reserved.
Evolving NeOSS Intelligent Control enabled NMSs
– Define Standard unified Control/Configuration– End-to-end process automation
• From service management to network element control• Network element’s alarm/info to service quality management
Business Performance Management– Real-time business activities monitoring– Finding and diagnostic bottle-neck process point– Real-time process innovation
Field Know-how to the Business Rule– Rule based RCA (Root Cause Analysis), trouble-shooting, performan
ce control
All-IP Converged Network/Service Manageability– Mobility Management, Session Management– QoS Management across various networks (WCDMA, WiBro, MPLS,
IMS)
Rule EngineRule Engine
3030 APNOMS2006, Busan, KoreaCopyright ©Copyright © 2006 by KT NT Lab. All rights reserved.2006 by KT NT Lab. All rights reserved.
Remarks More Intelligence on Network Resource
Management– Define Enterprise-wide network resource management
processes• Resource Trouble/Performance/Provisioning Management• Introduce BPM tool in NMS
– Operator’s know-how translate to the policy/rule• Define and refine the business rule for through all Resource and
Service Management– Root Cause Analysis method– Control mechanism as different vendor or different case
• Introduce RBMS tool in NMS Standardization of network control interface
– More important on All-IP networks but less standardization and implementation
– Service providers should be initiator for global standard
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3131 APNOMS2006, Busan, KoreaCopyright ©Copyright © 2006 by KT NT Lab. All rights reserved.2006 by KT NT Lab. All rights reserved.