future directions in research networking - a perspective from europe dai davies : general manager :...
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Future Directions in Research Networking - A Perspective from
Europe
Dai Davies : General Manager : DANTE Ltd
www.dante.net
16th APAN MeetingAdvanced Network Conference
Busan KoreaAugust 2003
The Ages of European Research Networking
•The Pioneering Age (1980 - 1988)
•The Rationing Age (1988 - 1996)
•The Co-operation Age (1996 -
2001)
•The Age of the GÉANT (2001 - )
Technology Available 1991-2002
Period Most performant DataLink TechnologyAvailable
Technology Availablein pan-EuropeanNetwork
Technology Availablein United StatesNetwork
1991 - 1995 34/45 Mbps PDH 2 Mbps PDH 45 Mbps PDH1996 - 1997 155 Mbps SDH 45 Mbps PDH 155 Mbps SDH1997 - 2000 622 Mbps SDH 155 Mbps SDH 622 Mbps SDH2000 + 10 Gbps DWDM 10 Gbps DWDM 2.5 Gbps DWDM
Price Trends pan-European Connectivity
1
10
100
1000
10000
100000
1000000
1996 1997 1998-9 1999-2000 2000-01 2002
average offer price
lowest offer price
GÉANT Topology June 2003
•Huge Increase in Network Capacity
–TEN-155 3 Gbps
–GÉANT 150 Gbps
• 9 “10 Gbps” Accesses
• 20 Gbps Global Interconnection
• Regional Initiatives
– Mediterranean
– Latin America
GÉANT
•Divergence of Costs
•New Usage patterns
•Hardware Costs
•Global Developments
GÉANT Issues
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Range of Shared Costs Range of Connectivity Smoothing of Shared Costs
1996
1999
2002
Divergence of Costs
Support for European VLBI
Radio Telescope
Correlator
Data Flows(RT or non-RT)
EVN Traffic Flows over GÉANT
UK
SE
FR
NLBE
DE1
DE2
CZ
PL
CH
IT
AT
SURFnet
JANET
GARR
PSNC
DFN
NORDUnet
2.5G10G
256M 512M ?1G
JIVE
• 10 Gbps Router Interface
• Transmission Costs
• Switched and Routed Architecture
• 40 Gbps Interface
Hardware Costs
Europe - Where Next...….?
•40 Gbps Technology Cost
•Multiple 2.5 Gbps or 10 Gbps wavelengths
•Interfacing Costs
– Routers
– Switches
Is Speed Everything?
• Enhanced Network Security
• Role of DIY Transmission
• New Architecture
• Resource Allocation
• Move from Connectivity to Controlability
Technical Challenges
• Increasing Divergence of Costs
• Transmission is Distance Dependent Cost
• New Usage Patterns
Cost Challenges
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
250 400 550 700 850 1000 1150 1300 1450 1600 1750 1900 2050
Length of Span
One lambda
two lambdas
three lambdas
DWDM Cost Data
• Today Ad-Hoc Organisation
• Question of Who Pays
• Inter-Regional Organisation
• Global Demand?
Global Co-operation
• We are Deploying the Most Advanced Technology
• Can we Control it?
• Will we be able to Continue to Afford it?
Summary