future licensing and qualification helping the airline
TRANSCRIPT
One Level of Safety 80 Years and Counting
Future Licensing and
Qualification – Helping the
Airline Pilots Get Through
Training
One Level of Safety 80 Years and Counting
Panelists
► Moderator – Captain Frank Cheeseman, UAL – Director of Pilot Training, Air Line Pilots Association, Int’l
► Captain Rick Current – Manager, MPL, ATPL, CPL Programs, Training Solutions – Civil & Military, CAE
► First Officer Leja Noe, MAG – IATA Training and Qualification Initiative Project Lead, Air Line Pilots Association, Int’l
► Captain Paul Nelson, CMR – Human Factors Working Group Vice Chair, Air Line Pilots Association, Int’l
One Level of Safety 80 Years and Counting
Trained & Qualified
One Level of Safety 80 Years and Counting
Worldwide Training Alphabet Soup
LOE
One Level of Safety 80 Years and Counting
The Pilot Asset
MPL Program Requirements
&
Lessons Learned
Rick Current
Manager MPL, ATPL, CPL Programs
Training Solutions - Civil & Military, CAE
57th Annual ALPA Safety Forum
August 15-18, 2011
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Annex 1 & PANS Training Document, Nov 2006
The ICAO Flight Crew Licensing and Training Panel
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MPL Development Criteria
ICAO guidelines
► Competency-based format
► Proficiency on all PANS Training competencies
► Integrated TEM
► Four distinct phases training
► MCC from the beginning
► Aviation English Language Level 4 competency
► Minimum acceptable simulator fidelity defined
► A minimum of 240 hours of flight training (PF/PNF)
► Only an ATO can train toward an MPL
Regulatory partnership is essential
An MPL is what the regulator says it is
The program must reflect the sponsoring airline’s mission
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MPL & Competency-Based Training
PANS Training Extracts, Reference Appendix 3 to Chapter 3
1. In broad terms, the MPL holder is expected to complete the airline initial operating experience (IOE) with high probability of success and within the normal time frame normally allowed for this phase.
2. The general approach that is therefore suggested is to use the existing training programme (ab initio or equivalent) of the ATO as a reference and to progressively implement the new training programme allowed by the MPL…
3. MPL courses shall be competency based.
4. In view of the developmental nature of the first MPL course in each ATO, the approval shall be provisional and should be confirmed only after obtaining a satisfactory result from the first course and after incorporation of lessons learned into the curriculum.
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Apply industry best practices
and lessons learned
Effective
Safety Management System
Use of advanced technology
Apply the principles
of the Instructional Systems Design process
to benchmark competencies and training outcomes
Competency-Based Program Design
Effective
Quality
System
Feedback
Loop
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First Officer Responsibilities (The Desired End State)
Second-In-Command
Normal duties include attention to:
► Flight safety
► Mechanical problems
► Weather
► Crewmember proficiency
► SOP compliance
► Airport conditions
► Air traffic control
► Threats & errors
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Phase I & II Objectives
Phase
I
Core
Aircraft
Ten Months
Aviation
Language
Orientation
&
Aviation
Language
Training
Phase
I
Core
FSTD
Phase
II
Basic
Aircraft
Phase
II
Basic
FSTD
Achieve B1 ESL
proficiency and
LVL 3 aviation
language
proficiency.
Cockpit and glass
familiarization,
procedures,
checklists, and
facilitate aircraft
training.
Basic aviation skills,
airmanship, introduce
airline centric methods,
CRM, TEM, and
accomplish initial solo.
Multi-crew operations, airline
SOP to include scan flow
checklist protocols,
instrument procedures,
upset, CRM/TEM event
training, and night
operations.
Achieve instrument literacy in
all basic instrument
procedures. IFR and solo
cross-country, multi-crew
operations, CRM, TEM, and
night flight.
Cultural indoctrination
Core flying skills, CRM/TEM
Glass, Checklists, SOP, AEL
Initial Solo
MCC, Instrument, Night, Solo
Cross Country
VFR & Instrument Validation
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Phase III Objectives
Phase
IIIA
Intermediate
Phase
IIIB
Intermediate
Jet aircraft introduction,
ground school,
CRM/TEM event
training, and achieve
maneuver proficiency
IAW mandated NAA
standards.
Demonstrate end level proficiency
on all required MPL competency
units within a LOFT format.
Demonstrate ICAO LVL 4 aviation
language proficiency. Achieve
CRM and TEM proficiency.
Jet transition
Event set training
An equivalent type rating
Scenario-based training
using AirAsia SOP
PANS Training
competencies
AEL Level 4 proficiency
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Phase IV Objectives
Phase
IV
Advanced
Intro
Base
Training &
IOE
Phase
IV A&B
Advanced
IVA (FSTD): Enhanced ground
school (TEM integration/AQP
principles). Oral validation IVB
(FFS): Enhanced type rating
and check ride/PPC.
Demonstrate an equivalent
level of safety/proficiency in all
required disciplines.
MPL Mastery Tests, jet
transport aircraft
introduction, and
sponsoring airline
SOP/Policy/Manual
indoctrination.
Complete all ICAO
mandated and NAA
directed Base Training
requirements to
include landings. Fully
qualified F/O released
to the line.
A320 Type Rating
AirAsia SOP Proficiency
Confirm and enhance AEL
competencies
Mastery Tests
PPC
Confirm readiness for IOE
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MPL Versus ATPL (General Global Observations)
Airlines are provided type rated
candidates ready for IOE
Standardized competency-based
curriculums
Integrated CRM and TEM
ICAO Level 4 Aviation English
Language certification assured
Efficient value-added training
focused on the desired end state
Instructor qualifications exceed
traditional standards
High-fidelity simulation mandated
Airline training best practices
required
10
Timeline of ATPL may vary
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Lessons Learned & Conclusions
Beta 1 Trial elements of success
► Organization excellence
► Attention to instructor competencies and training
► Competency-based training
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Lessons Learned & Conclusions
Screening and selection extraordinarily important
Buy-in of all stakeholders is key
► Regulators
► Airline management
► Training operator management
► Instructors
► Students
Aviation English Language
► Minimum entry level for training essential
► Integration throughout the program facilitates the development of
ATC competencies
► All cadets invigilated by Transport Canada - ICAO Level 6
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Lessons Learned & Conclusions
Selection
Two Month Orientation
Two Week Introduction
Main Course
Dedicated Lessons
A2
Can understand sentences and frequently used expressions related to areas of most immediate relevance (e.g. very basic personal and family
information, shopping, local geography, employment). Can communicate in simple and routine tasks requiring a simple and direct exchange of information
on familiar and routine matters. Can describe in simple terms aspects of his/her background, immediate environment and matters in areas of immediate
need.
B1 Can understand the main points of clear standard input on familiar matters regularly encountered in work, school, leisure, etc. Can deal with most
situations likely to arise whilst travelling in an area where the language is spoken. Can produce simple connected text on topics which are familiar or of
personal interest. Can describe experiences and events, dreams, hopes & ambitions and briefly give reasons and explanations for opinions and plans.
B2
Can understand the main ideas of complex text on both concrete and abstract topics, including technical discussions in his/her field of specialisation. Can
interact with a degree of fluency and spontaneity that makes regular interaction with native speakers quite possible without strain for either party. Can
produce clear, detailed text on a wide range of subjects and explain a viewpoint on a topical issue giving the advantages and disadvantages of various
options.
C1 Can understand a wide range of demanding, longer texts, and recognise implicit meaning. Can express him/herself fluently and spontaneously without
much obvious searching for expressions. Can use language flexibly and effectively for social, academic and professional purposes. Can produce clear,
well-structured, detailed text on complex subjects, showing controlled use of organisational patterns, connectors and cohesive devices.
C2 Can understand with ease virtually everything heard or read. Can summarise information from different spoken and written sources, reconstructing
arguments and accounts in a coherent presentation. Can express him/herself spontaneously, very fluently and precisely, differentiating finer shades of
meaning even in the most complex situations.
CBT ICAO IELTS CEF
TOEFL
(Paper)
TOEFL
(CBT)
3.5 6 7-8
3.0 5 6 C2 630 260
2.5 4 5 C1 540 210
2.0 3+ 4+ B2+ 480 180
1.5 3- 4- B2- 450 150
1.0 2 3 B1 340 60
0.5 1 2 A2 310 30
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Lessons Learned & Conclusions
Core & Basic (Phase I&II)
► Airline training methods
enhance and accelerate
learning
► Initial training focused on the
desired end state prepared
cadets for the transition to jet
aircraft (speed & systems /
procedural complexity)
► Initial proficiencies in MCC,
CRM, TEM, SOP
compliance, checklist
discipline required for
effective progression to
Phase III
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Lessons Learned & Conclusions
Intermediate (Phase III)
► Ensuring a training experience that exceeds that which is
achievable from a traditional training path is challenging and key
to a successful Phase IV
Fully developed LOFTs following the achievement of maneuver
proficiency using AirAsia SOP
CRM/TEM assessment facilitated using real world incidents
► AQP LOE assessment lessons learned were invaluable
► Phase III is heavily dependent on FSTD fidelity
► See-Practice-Do (adult learning theory) proved effective
► Equivalent BeechJet type rating achieved
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Lessons Learned & Conclusions
Advanced (Phase IV)
► Full enculturation to AirAsia policies, procedures, and SOP
► Validation, polish, and transition to the mission aircraft
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Lessons Learned & Conclusions
IOE
► Positive feedback from Training Check Captains
► Early release to the line anticipated (80 segments standard)
► Results correspond to EASA findings
► Data collection will reveal more
► AirAsia has terminated all traditional ab initio training
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Thank You
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MPL Myths and Facts
MPL is cheaper and faster—myth
MPL does not provide as good of training as traditional methods—
myth
MPL does not allow the pilot freedom of career movement—myth
MPL is fast gaining momentum throughout the world—fact
► MPL regulations in place – 31 countries—fact
► Countries that have completed, are conducting, or will start MPL courses this year – 12 to 14 —fact
► More than 1250+ students enrolled, 200+ graduates—fact
Lufthansa and the Swiss have decided to go primarily MPL—fact
CAE first class (AirAsia) completed and in IOE; second class began
16th May—fact
One Level of Safety 80 Years and Counting
Global Initiatives in Airline
Training
First Officer Leja Noe
One Level of Safety 80 Years and Counting
Innovation
One Level of Safety 80 Years and Counting
Additional Innovation
► Advanced Qualification
Program
► Crew Resource Management
► Threat and Error Management
► Aviation Safety Action
Program
► Line Operations Safety
Audit
One Level of Safety 80 Years and Counting
Current Innovation in Training and Qualification
► Need Based
IATA Training and Qualification Initiative
ICAO Next Generation of Aviation Professionals
IFALPA Pilot Training Standards
► Regulatory Based
First Officer Qualifications
Revised N&O
One Level of Safety 80 Years and Counting
IATA Training and Qualification Initiative
► Evidence-Based Training
► Multi-Crew Pilots License
► Instructor/Evaluator Qualification
One Level of Safety 80 Years and Counting
Evidence-Based Training
► Competency-Based Training
► Similar to US Advanced Qualification
Program
► Utilize Available Data Sources
► Phase I: Recurrent
► Phase II: Type Rating
► Focuses on Required Knowledge, Skills and
Attitudes
One Level of Safety 80 Years and Counting
Knowledge, Skills and Attitudes (KSA’s)
► Communication
► Situational Awareness
► Leadership and
Teamwork
► Workload
Management
► Problem Solving and
Decision Making
► Knowledge
► Application of
Procedures and
Knowledge
► Flight Management,
Guidance and
Automation
► Manual Aircraft
Control
One Level of Safety 80 Years and Counting
Evidence-Based Training
A Global Opportunity?
► Data sources appropriate and properly
managed
► Organization has a just culture and Safety
Management System
► Simulator fidelity appropriate to the
training task is utilized
► Organization tailors program to operations
One Level of Safety 80 Years and Counting
Multi-Crew Pilots License
► Core Phase
► Basic Phase
► Intermediate Phase
► Advanced Phase
One Level of Safety 80 Years and Counting
Instructor/Evaluator Qualifications
“Should hold or have held a license, rating
or authorization equivalent to that for
which the qualification to instruct is being
sought.”
One Level of Safety 80 Years and Counting
Next Generation of Aviation Professionals
► Recruit
► Educate
► Train
► Retain
One Level of Safety 80 Years and Counting
IFALPA Pilot Training Standards
A comprehensive program outlining:
► Pilot Selection
► Initial Training
► On-going Training
IPTS Manual slated for publication in Spring
2012.
One Level of Safety 80 Years and Counting
Regulatory Opportunities for Innovation
► First Officer Qualification
Notice of Proposed Rule Making (NPRM)
Comment Period
Final Rule
► Revised N&O
Special Notice of Proposed Rule Making
(SNPRM)
Comment Period
Final Rule
One Level of Safety 80 Years and Counting
Retaining Your Pilot Asset
A Pilot Training Toolkit Upgrade
One Level of Safety 80 Years and Counting
Pilot Asset
►“Most significant challenge of the
next decade is the lack of Qualified
Pilots.”
►Qualified Pilot Retention Tool
One Level of Safety 80 Years and Counting
Why ALPA Safety
►Conscience of the industry
►High-quality safety training
►Promote safe, professional,
Qualified Pilots
One Level of Safety 80 Years and Counting
New Service
►Retain Qualified Pilots
experiencing training difficulties
One Level of Safety 80 Years and Counting
Overview
►Industry challenges
►Training Intervention Specialist
(TIS) Program
►Airline cost/benefits
One Level of Safety 80 Years and Counting
Shifting Landscape
► Age 65 Retirement Startup
1
0
0
0
One Level of Safety 80 Years and Counting
Shifting Landscape
► Qualified Pilot Legacy Sector Demand
3
0
0
0
One Level of Safety 80 Years and Counting
Present Landscape
► Successful passenger capacity
matching
►121 carrier ATP requirement (Aug 1,
2013)
►Low primary pilot starts
One Level of Safety 80 Years and Counting
Training Intervention Specialist
►Program for Qualified Pilots
► Improve pilot performance
►Non Aero Medical issues
One Level of Safety 80 Years and Counting
Who is the TIS
►ALPA trained pilot safety volunteer
►Experienced, respected pilot
►Teaches interpersonal skills
One Level of Safety 80 Years and Counting
ALPA Provided TIS Training
► Initial and recurrent training in:
MBTI personality types and interactions
Learning theory—aviation environment
Confidentiality and ethics
One Level of Safety 80 Years and Counting
Airline Investment
►Flight Pay Loss for ALPA TIS activities:
Consult with qualified pilot
Provide initial MBTI feedback
Learning theory based facilitation
Leverage HF principles for success
► Accomplish within 1-2 days
One Level of Safety 80 Years and Counting
Airline Benefits
►Retain Qualified Pilot asset
►Recapture superior pilot performance
►Reclaim pilot training investment
One Level of Safety 80 Years and Counting
Recap
►Lack of Qualified Pilots challenge
►TIS Program—a timely service
►TIS service provides significant ROI
One Level of Safety 80 Years and Counting
ALPA TIS Service
► Qualified Pilot performance enhancement
► Unique asset retention solution
► Affordable
►Participate in TIS at your airline
One Level of Safety 80 Years and Counting
Retaining Your Pilot Asset
ALPA Int’l HF/Training Council