Introduction to Wellness, Fitness, and Lifestyle Management

Chapter9Weight ManagementCopyright 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. 1

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Weight Management (1)Ahead:Health Implications of Overweight and ObesityFactors Contributing to Excess Body FatAdopting a Healthy Lifestyle for Successful Weight ManagementPhysical Activity and ExerciseThoughts and EmotionsApproaches to Overcoming a Weight ProblemBody ImageEating DisordersCopyright 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. 2

Health Implications of Overweight and ObesityOverweight: body weight above the recommended range for good healthObesity: severely overweight, characterized by excessive accumulation of body fat; may also be defined in terms of some measure of total body weightCopyright 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. 3

Defining Overweight and Obesity (1)Body mass index (BMI)Useful for estimating a persons weight status and for classifying the health risksBMI based on the concept that weight should be proportional to heightLess accurate for those under 5 feet tall; older adults; and certain other groupsCalculated by dividing body weight (in kilograms) by the square of height (in meters)BMI based on pounds and inches: BMI = (weight [height height]) 703

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Defining Overweight and Obesity (2)BMI is combined with waist measurement to more accurately assess health risksWaist measurement helps provide an assessment of body fat distributionVisceral fat: fat located around major organs, also called intra-abdominal fatSubcutaneous fat: fat located under the skinCopyright 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. 5

FIGURE 9.1Obesity prevalence, by age and sex of American adults, 20112012

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TABLE 9.1Vital Statistics: Weight of Americans Age 20 and Older: 20092012OVERWEIGHT(INCLUDES OBESITY)OBESEBoth sexes68.735.3All races, males72.934.6All races, females64.635.9White males73.234.4White females60.932.3African American males70.238.1African American females81.857.5Latinos81.940.2Latinas78.346.3

SOURCE: National Center for Health Statistics. Health, United States, 2014: With Special Feature on Adults Aged 55-64. Hyattsville, MD. 2015.Copyright 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. 7

Overweight, Obesity, and Specific Health RisksObesity is one of six major controllable risk factors for heart diseaseGaining weight over the years has been found to be dangerousEven modest weight loss has a positive impact on health

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TABLE 9.2Body Mass Index, Waist Circumference, and Disease RiskDisease risk for type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and CVD relative to normal weight and waist circumference. CLASSIFICATIONBMI (KG/M2)OBESITY CLASSDISEASE RISK FOR MEN: WAIST40IN (102CM) OR LESS AND WOMEN: WAIST35IN(88CM) OR LESSDISEASE RISK FOR MEN: WAIST>40IN (102CM) AND WOMEN: WAIST>35IN(88CM)Underweight