ga and nextgen how technologies like waas and ads-b will change your flying!
DESCRIPTION
GA and NextGen How technologies like WAAS and ADS-B will change your flying!. Presented By Claire Kultgen. Overview. TIS ADS-B FIS-B TIS-B ADS-R WAAS T-Routes and GPS MEAs Questions Chat Pilot Information Center 1800-USA-AOPA [email protected]. Who’s Here. Current Age 20-35 - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
GA and NextGenGA and NextGenHow technologies like WAAS and ADS-B will change your flying!How technologies like WAAS and ADS-B will change your flying!
Presented By Claire Kultgen
Overview
1. TIS2. ADS-B
• FIS-B• TIS-B• ADS-R
3. WAAS4. T-Routes and GPS MEAs
Questions• Chat• Pilot Information Center
Who’s Here
• Current AgeA. 20-35B. 35-45C. 45-55D. 55+
Who’s Here
• Certificates and Ratings (highest held)A. None (Yet!)B. PrivateC. InstrumentD. Commercial or ATP
Why Are You Here
A. I just want to learn moreB. I work in the industry (not as a pilot)C. I’m a professional pilot and want to
know how this affects my careerD. I’m trying to plan for future expenses
for my planeE. Other
Funding and Resource Allocation
• Slow and Systematic Transition• LORAN, NDBs, VORs
– It’s OKAY• Systematic
– Recently the FAA proposed to cut 154 approaches– AOPA reviewed and sent notices to local pilots. All
22 approaches AOPA opposed will be retained.
TIS……..NowGen
• 1st generation traffic• Radars “Uplink” traffic to Mode S transponders• 10,000+ Mode S transponders sold
• Aircraft without operating transponders invisible to TIS• Only works in radar coverage
NOT to be confused with TIS-B
Terminal Radar Upgrades
• ASR 7, ASR 8– Older radar systems– Support TIS– AOPA has a good report on TIS
• ASR 11– New radar systems– Do NOT support TIS
• Because FAA chose not to purchase needed software components
TIS sites proposed to remain active
Proposed TIS sites to be decommissioned*
TIS Capable Radar Sites
Transponder Info
TIS In Action
A Mode S Transponder!!!
I’ll send some traffic information
up!
TIS In Action
Traffic Info
Garmin 430 Display
TIS FAQ
• Should I invest in TIS?– “Since the vast majority of TIS sites are not scheduled
for decommissioning at this time, TIS capable Mode S transponders still offer a valuable, low cost safety service. If you fly through over 100 areas that continue to offer TIS, a Mode S transponder will increase your traffic awareness in busy terminal areas.” ~ Garmin.com
TIS Questions
ADS-B Basics
• ADS-B is the FUTURE• Crucial component of NextGen• WILL replace radar• Tested in Alaska Capstone, Ohio Safe Flight 21
• Automatic • Dependent• Surveillance• Broadcast
ADS-B Benefits
• Air-to-air surveillance• More accurate• Faster update rate (every second)• Reduced infrastructure costs• Enhanced Coverage
– Gulf of Mexico• Enhances SA and safety• More…
ADS-B Out
• Transmission of position, altitude, etc.• “Squits” 2x second• GPS based position, velocity, ID, etc• This is what will be required!
ADS-B Out In Action
GBT
(Ground Based Transceiver)
ADS-B In = The Good Stuff
• Weather and Traffic– No Subscription!
ADS-B Components
• Aircraft squitting = ADS-B out– Aircraft standards - Fall 2009
• Ground Based Transceivers– ITT Contract– On target, on budget– 2013 fully deployed
“Dual”ing Datalinks
1090 ES• AirTransport/Above 180• Global• Bandwidth Issues• TIS-B
UAT• GA / Below FL180• US• More Robust• TIS-B• FIS-B
Opposite datalink’s can’t talk to each other!
FIS-B
• Flight Information Services Broadcast
• NexRad Radar• Current Conditions• Terminal Forecasts• Significant Weather Advisories• Flight Restrictions (TFRs)• Special Activity Airspace Status
– MOAs, Restricted Areas, etc.
TIS-B
• Uplink of Non ADS-B Traffic (transponders)• From GBTs to Aircraft• Rebroadcast of Radar Data
• TRANSITIONAL
NOT to be confused with TIS
TIS-B In Action
GBT
(Ground Based Transceiver)
Transponder Info
TIS vs. TIS-B
TIS
• Uplink of transponder/ radar traffic
• Radar to transponder
• Only works in areas covered by radar with TIS capability
TIS-B
• Uplink of transponder/ radar traffic
• GBT to ADS-B In Receiver
• Works in areas of radar coverage and/or GBT coverage
TIS-B outside of Radar
*FAA Proposal doesn’t provide for this
GBT
TIS-B
Transponder Info
Radar Coverage
ADS-R
To Address to Dual Datalink Issues
1090 ES
UAT
1090 ESUAT
ADS-R
GBT
(Ground Based Transceiver)
ADS-RADS-R
GBT
(Ground Based Transceiver)
ADS-R Rebroadcast!!!
The Proposal
• FAA Proposal in 2007• ADS-B Out Required:
– Class A, B, C– Above 10,000– Today’s Transponder Airspace– January 1, 2020
• AOPA submitted extensive comments• Committees, Committees, Committees
Final Rule – Expected Spring 2010
AOPA’s Position Basics
Supported transition to satellite navigation for 20+ years
AOPA Concerns1. Tangible benefits needed….but hard to
identify with current proposal2. Moves some ATC costs to aircraft
- Paid for by pilots3. Concerns with dual datalink4. Affordability
More Questions than Answers
• No black and white answer right now
• Several avionics manufactures working on exciting products
• Stay tuned to what’s on the market
• Stay tuned to AOPA Pilot magazine and other resources
• GPS needed, but may be integrated in ADS-B out transceiver
Current Expansion
Future Coverage ~2013
The Sunshine-B State
Status
• GOMEX December 2009– ATC service in an area
never before served
– Now available in Louisville and Philly, Juneau coming soon
– 2013- available nationwide to those equipped
Learn More
www.adsb.gov
ADS-B Questions
What is WAAS?
• Wide Area Augmentation System• Fixes traditional GPS by augmenting
signals– Enhances accuracy and integrity
• Introduced in 2003• More than just lower mins!
WAAS Architecture
38 Reference Stations
3 Master Stations
4 Ground Earth Stations
2 Geostationary Satellite Links
2 Operational Control Centers
Please Remember!
Nothing on the ground is communicating
directly to your aircraft!
Accuracy
• Specification– 7.6 m x 7.6 m or better 95% of the time– Category I like precision
• Measured– .9 m x 1.3 m
Integrity• Improved ability to warn pilots of bad signals• 1x10-7 chance errors will go undetected
– Better than RAIM– 6 seconds to:
• Fix itself• Warn you
WAAS System Benefits• Highly accurate • North American coverage• Extremely easy to use
– Loading the approach is the hard part– Missed loads automatically
• Limited infrastructure• 40,000+ equipped• Nothing on-airport needed• Precision approach possible at any airport
– LPV’s now outnumber ILS’ – LPV costs $50k v. ILS up to $1 million– 2,037 as of April 8, 2010– More alternate options
With WAAS You Can
• Skip the baro correction• Fly an LPV, LP• Rely on GPS for ALL phases
of flight
The Name Game
RNAVVOR/DME, DME/DME, INS, IRS and GPS
GNSS GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, Beidou
PBN
RNAV RNP
*RNP has on board performance monitoring and alerting
• WAAS approaches– Pick your mins
LNAV LNAV+V
LNAV/VNAV
LPVLP
LNAV
• Basic GPS approach• MDA• 400’ above runway• Same as an GPS
approach• No WAAS needed
LNAV+V
• Cool stuff from Garmin won’t see it on a chart
• “Advisory glideslope”• Really just an LNAV• NOT an LNAV/VNAV or LPV
• MDA• 400’ above runway• Provides guidance for a stabilized approach
LNAV / VNAV
• Not a WAAS Approach• DA• 350’ above runway• Can fly with WAAS• Really for other types of RNAV
– Baro V-Nav– RNP
LPV
• The good stuff!• WAAS Only• 200’
LP
• Will be charted as….. RNAV (GPS) LP
• Coming soon!• WAAS only• No vertical nav• MDA ~300’
– The protected area for LP approaches is considerably smaller than an LNAV= lower MDA
How Low Can You Go?
GPS 400’
LNAV 400’
LNAV+V 400’
LNAV/VNAV 350’
LPV 200’
LP (coming soon)
300’
{
Where’s my LPV?
• Instrument Flight Procedures Production Plan
• TPP out to 04/05/2012
• FAA goal 300/year
• How to get an LPV
– AOPA Report – “Establishing an Instrument Approach”
– Airport Manager
Additional Resources
• Manufacturer
• Great info in the equipment manuals– (Long, but a MUST read!)
• Your high tech airplane only makes you safer if you know how to use it.
• Unfortunately, statistically, many don’t yet know how.
Other GPS Goodies
• Q&T routes
• GPS MEAs – now 90+
Questions
Pilot Information Center1-800-USA-AOPA
Feedback Welcome!