game instructions 1.one person per team – pick up from the front table: 1 white board 1 dry-erase...
TRANSCRIPT
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Game Instructions1. One person per team – pick up
from the front table:• 1 white board• 1 dry-erase marker• 1 paper towel
2. Write your team number on your board.
3. Sit quietly so we can finish the game.
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Chapter 5
Heredity
Review Game
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An organism with two dominant alleles or two recessive alleles is called ______________.
1
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An organism with two dominant alleles or two recessive alleles is called homozygous or purebred.
1 - Answer
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A feature that has different forms in a population is called a ______________.
2
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A feature that has different forms in a population is called a characteristic.
2 - Answer
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Who is the scientist that studied pea plants to determine how traits are passed from parents to offspring?
3
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Who is the scientist that studied pea plants to determine how traits are passed from parents to offspring? A: Gregor Mendel
3 - Answer
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Draw a punnett square labeled like this:
MaleFemale
4
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Fill in your punnett square for the following scenario:
4
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A zoo keeper wants to know the chance that a baby giraffe will have a long neck. The mom is heterozygous for a long neck, and the dad is homozygous for a short neck. Use “L” and “l” to represent the alleles.
4
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Your punnett square should look like this:Male
Female L
l
l l
Ll Ll
ll ll
4 - Answer
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Look at your punnett square. What is the probability that the baby giraffe will be a purebred? Write the genotype(s) of the purebred offspring.
5
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Look at your punnett square. What is the probability that the baby giraffe will be a purebred?A: 50% (or 2 out of 4) and “ll”
5 - Answer
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List the 4 exceptions to Mendel’s findings.
6
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4 exceptions:1.Incomplete dominance2.One gene influences
many traits3.Many genes influence one
trait4.Environmental Factors
6 - Answer
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A purebred blue flower and a purebred yellow flower are crossed. All of the offspring are green. This is an example of what?
7
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A purebred blue flower and a purebred yellow flower are crossed. All of the offspring are green. This is an example of what? Incomplete Dominance
7 - Answer
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If this couple has 4 kids, will 3 of them definitely have brown hair and 1 definitely have blond hair? EXPLAIN…
MaleFemale
B = Brown hair
b = blond hair
B b
B
b
BB
Bb
Bb
bb
8
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If this couple has 4 kids, will 3 of them definitely have brown hair and 1 definitely have blond hair? A: No – punnett sqaures predict probability/ chance – not certainty!
MaleFemale
B = Brown hair
b = blond hair
B b
B
b
BB
Bb
Bb
bb
8 - Answer
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List the possible genotypes and phenotypes of this couple’s children. List genotypes first and then the phenotype.
MaleFemale
B = Brown hair
b = blond hair
B b
B
b
BB
Bb
Bb
bb
9
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Genotype Phenotype
9 – Cont.Label your board like this:
**Make sure the genotype matches the proper phenotype!
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Genotype PhenotypeBB – Brown hairBb – Brown hairbb – Blond hair
MaleFemale
B = Brown hair
b = Blond hair
B b
B
b
BB
Bb
Bb
bb
9 - Answer
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What is the probability that this couple will have a hybrid child? List the genotype(s) of the hybrid offspring.
MaleFemale
B = Brown hair
b = blond hair
B b
B
b
BB
Bb
Bb
bb
10
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What is the probability that this couple will have a hybrid child? List the genotype(s) of the hybrid offspring.
A: 50% - Bb
MaleFemale
B = Brown hair
b = blond hair
B b
B
b
BB
Bb
Bb
bb
10 - Answer
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An albino child has skin without pigment and blue eyes. Both of these traits are determined by one set of instructions. This is an example of which exception to Mendel?
11
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An albino child has skin without pigment and blue eyes. Both of these traits are determined by one set of instructions. This is an example of which exception to Mendel’s findings?A: One gene, many traits
11 - Answer
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What is the name of the trait that always shows up, if it is present?
12
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What is the name of the trait that always shows up, if it is present?A: Dominant
12 - Answer
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What do you call the only combination of alleles that will show the recessive trait?
13
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What do you call the only combination of alleles that will show the recessive trait?A: “homozygous recessive” or “purebred recessive”
13 - Answer
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What would you call an organism that shows the dominant trait? List all possibilities.
14
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What would you call an organism that shows the dominant trait? List all possibilities. A: 1) Homozygous dominant 2) Purebred dominant 3) Heterozygous 4) Hybrid
14 - Answer
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Using the letter “R” to represent an allele, list the 3 possible combinations of alleles.
15
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Using the letter “R” to represent an allele, list the 3 possible combinations of alleles.A: RR, Rr, rr
15 - Answer
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Claire has curly hair which is a recessive trait (h). What is Claire’s phenotype?
16
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Claire has curly hair which is a recessive trait (h). What is Claire’s phenotype?A: curly hair
16 - Answer
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Claire has curly hair which is a recessive trait (h). What is Claire’s genotype?
17
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Claire has curly hair which is a recessive trait (h). What is Claire’s genotype?A: hh
17 - Answer
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Curly haired Claire falls in love with homozygous Henry who has straight hair (H). Will any of their children be purebred? Why or why not??
18
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A: No. 100% of their children will be hybrid and will have straight hair (Hh).
HenryClaire H = Straight
hair
h = curly hair
H H
h
h Hh
Hh
18 - Answer
Hh
Hh
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In Mendel’s experiments, what percent of the offspring in the first generation showed the dominant trait? What is the dominant trait?
19
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In Mendel’s experiments, what percent of the offspring in the first generation showed the dominant trait?
A: 100% - all of the offspring were purple
19 - Answer
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In Mendel’s experiments, what percent of the offspring in the first generation carried the recessive trait?
20
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In Mendel’s experiments, what percent of the offspring in the first generation carried the recessive trait?
A: 100% (All of the plants had the genotype Pp, and “p” is the recessive allele)
20 - Answer
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Different forms of a characteristic are called ________.
21
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Different forms of a characteristic are called traits.
21 - Answer
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What happened to the recessive traits in the second generation of Mendel’s experiments? Include percentages in your answer.
22
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What happened to the recessive traits in the second generation of Mendel’s experiments? A: They reappeared in 1 out of 4 plants, or 25% of the plants
22 - Answer
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What is heredity? 23
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What is heredity? A: Traits passing from parents to offspring
23 - Answer
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The allele for freckles is (f). Suppose two non-freckled parents have 4 non-freckled children and 1 freckled child. What are the genotypes of the parents?
24
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A: Since both parents have no freckles, there are only 2 possible combinations: FF or Ff. Both parents have to be heterozygous (Ff) in order to have a child that has shows the recessive trait of freckles.
MaleFemale
F = No freckles
f = freckles
F f
F
f ff
Ff
24 - Answer
Ff
FF
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A: If either parent is homozygous dominant (FF), all children would show the dominant trait of no freckles.
MaleFemale
F = No freckles
f = freckles
F F
F
f Ff
FF
24 – Answer, cont.
Ff
FF
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A plant is able to self-pollinate. Does this mean it is a true-breeding plant?
25
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A: No. Self pollination allowed Mendel to create true-breeding plants, but in his second experiments, he allowed the heterozygous plants to self-pollinate, and purple plants produced both purple and white offspring.
25 - Answer