Gandhihis life

his belief

1869: 1882: 1888: 1891: 1915: 1947: 1948:

was bornwas marriedsailed to Englandreturned …Englandreturned…South AfricaIndia…independent.died

the situation in the South Africa: 1)There are white only sections in public places; 2)All the Indians over the

age of 8 had to carry their permits at all times 3) fiercely attack marchers

the situations in India: only the British government had the right to sell salt, which was taxed.

his struggle:1. He wrote about socialism and started a magazine called… 2.won… in South Africa… 3.demand an end to… 4.make cotton…salt march

Gandhi Reads

Papers in Front of

His Spinning

Wheel

Gandhiji

at the spinning wheel. The spinning wheel

became a symbol of economic emancipation( 释放 ,) for the impoverished( 贫

困 )millions.

Scenes during Gandhi's

famous march, on foot to t

he sea coast at Dandi, on the

eve of the Salt Satyagraha,

1930. 

                              

Gandhi Leads Satyagrahis on Salt March

The Salt March      In India, in 1930, a small gentle man led

thousands of people on a "salt" march.  The man

was Gandhi.  His followers called him Mahatma. 

Mahatma means "Great soul".  The mahatma led

his followers 200 miles to the

sea.  There they made salt by boiling water from the ocean.        There had been a salt tax in India for hundreds of  years.  It was not a fair tax, for the tax was the same for rich and poor.  It was one of the most hated taxes in India.        

India had been ruled by many different people.  In 1930, India was still owned and ruled by England.  Gandhi wanted his country to be free.  But he did not believe in using force.  He wanted a peaceful change.  His salt march told England and the

world that Indians wanted to rule their land themselves.         Mahatma Gandhi worked in many ways to free India.  In 1947, after almost a hundred years of English rule, India did become a new and free nation. 

按照习俗 ______ ______ 他一回来 ___ ___ ______ 缺少 _____ ___ 被尊为 ___ _______ ___ 有天赋 ____ __ ____ ___ 想出 _____ ____ 赢得独立 ____ _________

follow customon his return

lack ofbe honored as

has a gift forthink upwin independence

反对他的观点 _____ ___ ___ 种族歧视 ____ __________ 关键人物 ____ ______ 早起 _____ ______ 在于 ____ ____ 拿起武器 _____ ____ _____ 如下 ____ _______ 获取利益 ____ _____ _____

oppose his viewracial discrimination

key figurerise early

lie in take up

armsas followsmake personal gain

The United Kingdom granted( 承认 )India freedom on August15, 1947. But Gandhi did not take part in the Independence celebrations. The partition( 分割 )of India into two nations India and Pakistan grieved( 使

悲痛 )Gandhi. The violent ioting ( 骚乱 )between Hindus and Muslims that accompanied the partition saddened him. He had worked for a united country and urged that Hindus and Muslims should live together in peace.

On January 13th, 1948, at the age of 78, Gandhi began his last fast. His purpose was to end the bloodshed( 流血 ) among Hindu, Muslim, and other groups. On January 18th, their leaders pledged( 保证 )to stop fighting

and Gandhi broke his fast. Twelve days later, in New Delhi, while on his way to a prayer meeting, Gandhi was assassinated. A Hindu fanatic( 狂热者 ), who opposed( 反对 )Gandhi's

programme of tolerance( 宽容 )to all creeds( 信条 )and religions, shot him three times. A shocked India and a world mourned( 哀悼 )Gandhi's death. Gandhi was loved and admired by millions throughout the world because he

lived his ideals in an age of cynicism. He insisted on honorable means instead of the principle of the end justifying( 合理的 ,正当的 )the means, lived a simple life in a world of mounting( 增长 ) complexity( 复杂性 ), and

practised nonviolence in a world of escalating( 逐步升级 ) violence.