Geneva, January 23, 2003

InnovationInnovationInnovation

The added value to pipeline integrity

The added value to pipeline integrity

Geneva, January 23, 2003

AgendaAgenda

• Gastransport Services (GTS)

• Gasunie Research (GUR)

• Mission of GTS with respect to pipelines

• The added value of innovation

• Gastransport Services (GTS)

• Gasunie Research (GUR)

• Mission of GTS with respect to pipelines

• The added value of innovation

Geneva, January 23, 2003

OrganisationOrganisationN.V. Nederlandse Gasunie N.V. Nederlandse Gasunie

(holding)(holding)

Gastransport Gastransport Services Services 12001200

Gasunie Gasunie Trade & Supply Trade & Supply 150150

AAAsset Asset

managementmanagement180180

EEEngineeringEngineering

OOOperationsOperations

600600

MMMarket &Market &RegulationRegulation

SSTransport Transport

ServicesServices

RRResearch & Research & DevelopmentDevelopment

9090

SafetySafetyTransportplanningTransportplanningInfrastructureInfrastructureDispatchingDispatching

Geneva, January 23, 2003

Gastransport Services

kmkm•• Total length of gas transmission gridTotal length of gas transmission grid 11,60011,600

•• Compressor stationsCompressor stations 88

•• Blending stationsBlending stations 99

•• MeMetering tering and regulating stationsand regulating stations 7575

•• Gas delivery stationsGas delivery stations 1,1001,100

•• Export stationsExport stations 1010

•• Storage plant of LNGStorage plant of LNG 11

•• Calibration systemsCalibration systems 22

•• Nitrogen plantNitrogen plant 11

Geneva, January 23, 2003

Gasunie ResearchGasunie Research

• The Natural Gas Lab in the Netherlands

• Located near the Groningen field, the largest Natural Gas Field in western Europe

• 40 years of research and consultancy experience as a part of the Gasunie organisation

• 100 researchers/consultants on different working fields

• Approx. € 13 million turnover

• The Natural Gas Lab in the Netherlands

• Located near the Groningen field, the largest Natural Gas Field in western Europe

• 40 years of research and consultancy experience as a part of the Gasunie organisation

• 100 researchers/consultants on different working fields

• Approx. € 13 million turnover

Geneva, January 23, 2003

Gasunie Research: Added ValueGasunie Research: Added Value

Added Value:• Cost reduction• Emission Reduction• Quality

Improvement• Improvement of

Safety• Improvement of

operations reliability

AddedAdded Value:Value:•• Cost reductionCost reduction•• Emission ReductionEmission Reduction•• Quality Quality

ImprovementImprovement•• Improvement Improvement of of

SafetySafety•• Improvement Improvement of of

operations operations reliabilityreliability

In the fields of:• Gas transmission and

distribution• Gas combustion• Energy Conversion• Energy transmission and

distribution

Via:• Consultancy• Innovation• Trouble shooting• Project Management

In the In the fields fields of:of:•• Gas Gas transmission transmission and and

distributiondistribution•• Gas Gas combustioncombustion•• Energy ConversionEnergy Conversion•• Energy transmissionEnergy transmission and and

distributiondistribution

Via:Via:•• ConsultancyConsultancy•• InnovationInnovation•• Trouble shootingTrouble shooting•• Project ManagementProject Management

Geneva, January 23, 2003

Mission of GTSMission of GTS

Preservation of a safe and reliable gas transmission network at the lowest

(life-cycle-) cost=

Preservation of integrity !

Preservation of a safe and reliable gas transmission network at the lowest

(life-cycle-) cost=

Preservation of integrity !

PasttrustPasttrust

Futureproof

Futureproof

Geneva, January 23, 2003

PublicEmployeesEnvironment

P(I)MS Customers&

Suppliers

Cost Reliability

Safety

Stakeholders

Geneva, January 23, 2003

R&D: From vision to company valueR&D: From vision to company value

vision

market opportunities

business vision

business opportunities

added value

business case

develop option

technology vision

identify technology option

prototype

develop application

EXPLORE

SELECT

FOCUS

BUSINESSTECHNOLOGY

value

Source: Shell

Geneva, January 23, 2003

Concerns (threats)Concerns (threats)

• Technical– Older pipelinematerials– Appr. 50 % non-

piggable– No digital Asset

register– Bacterial corrosion– Coating degradation– ….

• Technical– Older pipelinematerials– Appr. 50 % non-

piggable– No digital Asset

register– Bacterial corrosion– Coating degradation– ….

• Societal– Re-routing because of

land use planning– Third party damage– Infrastructural works– New rules and

legislation– Regulatory restrictions– ….

• Societal– Re-routing because of

land use planning– Third party damage– Infrastructural works– New rules and

legislation– Regulatory restrictions– ….

Geneva, January 23, 2003

Measures and innovationMeasures and innovation

• Pipeline inspections– Walking/driving– helicopterflights

• Trace management– One-call system– Land-use planning (safety zones)

• CP– Regular checks on testposts /

rectifiers / drainages

• Diagnostics– Pigging– Coating surveys

• Pipeline management

• Pipeline inspections– Walking/driving– helicopterflights

• Trace management– One-call system– Land-use planning (safety zones)

• CP– Regular checks on testposts /

rectifiers / drainages

• Diagnostics– Pigging– Coating surveys

• Pipeline management

• Presense

• Risk assesment: modelling

• CP modelling

• Nopig

• PIMS

• Naturalhy

•• PresensePresense

•• Risk Risk assesmentassesment: : modellingmodelling

•• CP CP modellingmodelling

•• NopigNopig

•• PIMSPIMS

•• NaturalhyNaturalhy

Geneva, January 23, 2003

InnovationInnovation

P(I)MS

Cost

Safety

Reliability

• Pipesafe klein• Nopig

• CP-modelling

• Presense

• P(I)MS• Naturalhy

Geneva, January 23, 2003

Innovation examplesInnovation examples

• Presense [2001 – 2004]

• Risk assessment modelling

• CP modelling

• Nopig

• PIMS

• Naturalhy

•• Presense Presense [2001 [2001 –– 2004]2004]

• Risk assessment modelling

• CP modelling

• Nopig

• PIMS

• Naturalhy

Geneva, January 23, 2003

PresensePresense

Pipeline Remote Sensing for Safety and the Environment

A 17 partner EU consortium –part funded by the EU

2001 - 2004

Geneva, January 23, 2003

The vision for European gas/oilpipeline operators

The vision for European gas/oilpipeline operators

To develop and

integrate the elements of a

pipeline management system

● to improve safety,

● reduce survey costs

using remote monitoring techniques.

Geneva, January 23, 2003

A broad European consortiumA broad European consortium

Advantica-Transco

Ruhrgas

Gaz de France

Fluxys

Gasunie

VNG

BP

Geological & environmental

Flight campaigns& new sensortechnologies

Imagerydata analysis

Intermap

DLR

NPA

CS

TNO

Definiens

Systemintegration

NLR

ISS

Pipelineoperators

BGS

Univ. Nott

Geneva, January 23, 2003

GUR contribution to Presense:GUR contribution to Presense:

A cost benefit model:

balancingtechniques & economics

A cost benefit model:

balancingtechniques & economics

Geneva, January 23, 2003

* A+C

20085*A+B

C

*B+C

10040B

* A+B+C

15075A

00None

AnnualDetection

Costs[k€]

Probability of

Detection[%]

Detection Method

300

1200

500

2000

Annual Damage

Costs[k€]

1500

700

1350

0

Annual Benefit

[k€]

a combination of measuresa combination of measures

*) Boolean summation

Geneva, January 23, 2003

Cost Benefit Modelsearching for the optimum

Cost Benefit Modelsearching for the optimum

Inspection

Damage cost

Inspection + damage cost Benefit

-1000

-500

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

0 20 40 60 80 100

POD [%]

k€

Geneva, January 23, 2003

Innovation: examplesInnovation: examples

• Presense

• CP modelling [2000 - …]

• Risk assessment modelling

• Nopig

• PIMS

• Naturalhy

• Presense

•• CP CP modelling modelling [2000 [2000 -- …]…]

• Risk assessment modelling

• Nopig

• PIMS

• Naturalhy

CP-modelling: why?CP-modelling: why?

Design check/optimisation existing CP-system•Number and locations of

-anodes-drainages-CP test posts

•Setpoints rectifiers

Re-evaluation against changing conditions•HVAC powerlines•AC/DC Traction (e.g. railroads)•Pipeline network modifications

Troubleshooting

Geneva, January 23, 2003

CP-modellingCP-modellingCP modelling tool

CatPro (Elsyca)Elsy (Elsyca)

(alternatives: BEASY or University of Florida)

OutputPotential distributionCurrent distributionCurrent density distribution2D and 1D Graphs

• Colour schemes• Vectors (current distribution)

Numerical tables

CP modelling toolCatPro (Elsyca)Elsy (Elsyca)

(alternatives: BEASY or University of Florida)

OutputPotential distributionCurrent distributionCurrent density distribution2D and 1D Graphs

• Colour schemes• Vectors (current distribution)

Numerical tables

Geneva, January 23, 2003

a model

the output

Geneva, January 23, 2003

Examples of modelling:potentials

Examples of modelling:potentials

Railroad crossing:Load relieve construction

Casing:Coating defect

defect

Geneva, January 23, 2003

Innovation examplesInnovation examples

• Presense

• CP-modelling

• Risk assessment modelling [2001 – 2003]

• Nopig

• PIMS

• Naturalhy

• Presense

• CP-modelling

•• Risk Risk assessment modelling assessment modelling [2001 [2001 –– 2003]2003]

• Nopig

• PIMS

• Naturalhy

Geneva, January 23, 2003

Probabilistic approach in NL

IR (10-6) / SR (FN2 < 0.01)

Revision of NEN 3650

Pipeline risk contours applicable for pipelines and for installations

Pipeline RiskPipeline Risk

Geneva, January 23, 2003

Tables Tracé engineerPipeline engineer

Safety Engineer

RiskAssessment

Engineer

Pipesafeklein

Pipesafe

Rules of thumb

Compl

exity

Risk assessment tools

Geneva, January 23, 2003

PIPESAFEPIPESAFE

• Result of international cooperation

• Well validated by numerous experiments on large diameter, high pressure gaslines

• Complicated to handle

• Result of international cooperation

• Well validated by numerous experiments on large diameter, high pressure gaslines

• Complicated to handle

Geneva, January 23, 2003

SystemSystem DataData FailureFailure

Gas Gas outflowoutflowHeat Heat RadiationRadiation

SurvivalSurvival RiskRisk

pipe datapipe datagas detailsgas details

atmospheric conditionsatmospheric conditionssite site propertiesproperties

modesmodescausescauses

frequenciesfrequenciesstatisticsstatistics

dispersiondispersiontransienttransient

pipe pipe networknetworkparallel parallel lineslines

ignition probabilityignition probabilityfire ballfire ball

eventevent timetimetransienttransient

lethalitylethality criteriacriteriascenarioscenariosheltershelter

house house burning distanceburning distance

individual riskindividual riskinhabitant inhabitant riskrisk

societalsocietal riskriskacceptanceacceptance criteriacriteria

Risk Risk Calculation MethodologyCalculation Methodology

Geneva, January 23, 2003

Individual risk (1)Individual risk (1)

10-8

10-6

1. failure frequency;

2. gas outflow;

3. heat radiation;

4. lethality;

5. Find distance to 10-6 risk

6. Repeat for each configuration

Geneva, January 23, 2003

Individual risk (2)Individual risk (2)

Geneva, January 23, 2003

Societal risk (1)Societal risk (1)

10-8

10-6

1. FF of segment

2. gas outflow;

3. heat radiation;

4. lethality;

5. risk

6. number of casualties

7. repeat step 1-6 until end of 1 km of pipe

8. table with victims per FF

9. sort table

10. draw FN-curve

Geneva, January 23, 2003

Societal Risk (2)Societal Risk (2)

Geneva, January 23, 2003

Innovation examplesInnovation examples

• Presense

• CP modelling

• Risk assessment modelling

• Nopig [2001 – 2003]

• PIMS

• Naturalhy

• Presense

• CP modelling

• Risk assessment modelling

•• Nopig Nopig [2001 [2001 –– 2003]2003]

• PIMS

• Naturalhy

Geneva, January 23, 2003

Nopig®

an above ground inspection technique for detecting metal loss on (non-piggable) lines

Nopig®

an above ground inspection technique for detecting metal loss on (non-piggable) lines

Scope• determination of the performance of the instrument

Organisation• Multi-sponsor project (9 partners)• Laboratory tests (appr. 1000 measurements)• Fieldtests (in combination with pigruns and coating

survey techniques)

Scope• determination of the performance of the instrument

Organisation• Multi-sponsor project (9 partners)• Laboratory tests (appr. 1000 measurements)• Fieldtests (in combination with pigruns and coating

survey techniques)

® : registered tradename

Geneva, January 23, 2003

Nopig: systemNopig: system

Source: FINO AG

Geneva, January 23, 2003

Nopig: the equipmentNopig: the equipment

Source: FINO AG

Geneva, January 23, 2003

Pipe with 12 o`clock defectPipe without defect

HF-currentLF-current

defect

shift

Nopig: detection principleNopig: detection principle

Magneticflux lines

Geneva, January 23, 2003

Nopig: signal analysisThe influence of parameter settings

Nopig: signal analysisThe influence of parameter settings

Source: FINO AG

Geneva, January 23, 2003

Concept of inspection techniquesConcept of inspection techniques

Performancetechnique

Corrosiontolerance

Corrosiondistribution

coherence

Geneva, January 23, 2003

Nopigtechnical specifications per 28/10/2002

Nopigtechnical specifications per 28/10/2002

• Nominal pipediameter: 3” – 12”• Maximum wall thickness: 10 mm• Depth of pipe: 1.5 meter• Distance between connecting points: 500

meter• Inspection length per day: 500 meter

Reference defect dimensions– Cup shaped defect: 50 mm– Peak wall loss: 50 %– Pipeline depth: 1.2 mtr– POD: 92 %– Defect sizing tolerance: 20 %

• Minimum defect size: 30 %• Defect sizing: >40 % ML

•• Nominal pipediameterNominal pipediameter: 3” : 3” –– 12”12”•• Maximum wall thickness: 10 mmMaximum wall thickness: 10 mm•• Depth Depth of pipe: 1.5 meterof pipe: 1.5 meter•• DistanceDistance between between connectingconnecting points: 500 points: 500

metermeter•• Inspection length Inspection length per per dayday: 500 meter: 500 meter

ReferenceReference defect dimensionsdefect dimensions–– Cup Cup shaped shaped defect: 50 mmdefect: 50 mm–– PeakPeak wall loss: 50 %wall loss: 50 %–– Pipeline depthPipeline depth: 1.2 mtr: 1.2 mtr–– POD: 92 %POD: 92 %–– Defect sizing Defect sizing tolerancetolerance: 20 %: 20 %

•• Minimum defect Minimum defect sizesize: 30 %: 30 %•• Defect sizing: >40 % MLDefect sizing: >40 % ML

Source: FINO AG

Geneva, January 23, 2003

Innovation examplesInnovation examples

• Presense

• CP modelling

• Risk assessment modelling

• Nopig

• PIMS [2002 – 2004]

• Naturalhy

• Presense

• CP modelling

• Risk assessment modelling

• Nopig

•• PIMS [2002 PIMS [2002 –– 2004]2004]

• Naturalhy

Geneva, January 23, 2003

PIMS: balancing the systemPIMS: balancing the system

Design&

construction

Operations&

maintenance

Integritystatus

Threats

Measures

OK

Not efficient

DANGER

Innovation

Geneva, January 23, 2003

PIMS system hierarchyPIMS system hierarchy

Decision

Decision

Add-ontools

Standardtools

Interface

Database

Layer Functionality

Economics

IntegrityRemnant life

Inspection intervalsRepair/rehabilitation

CP expertCorrosion growth

Risk contoursStatistics

Database(s)

TOOLS &

APPLICATIONS

Decision

Interface

GIS-viewerDocument retrieval

SAP-Plant MaintenanceSAP-Business Warehouse

EAI-bizz talk

Geneva, January 23, 2003

PIMS: add-on ToolsPIMS: add-on Tools

5.0

5.5

6.0

6.5

7.0

7.5

8.0

8.5

9.0

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400

2

Economical assessment

Remnant Life IntegrityAssessment

AnalysisDefect-

assessment

Pigrun data

SurveillanceSurveys

Mech. strength

Inspectiondata

CP-modellingCoating surveysCP-data

Corrosion

IR / SRHazard

consequenceszoning

RiskAssessment

Integrity

fence

fenceh1encl

workshoputility

h2solarh31h32

stackstack12 kW/m225 kW/m250 kW/m2

Geneva, January 23, 2003

NaturalhyNaturalhy

• Presense

• CP modelling

• Risk assessment modelling

• Nopig

• PIMS

• Naturalhy [2004 – 2008]

• Presense

• CP modelling

• Risk assessment modelling

• Nopig

• PIMS

•• Naturalhy Naturalhy [2004 [2004 –– 2008]2008]

Geneva, January 23, 2003

NaturalhyNaturalhy

Smooth and cost effective introductionof hydrogen into the society by using

the existing natural gas system

Smooth and cost effective introductionof hydrogen into the society by using

the existing natural gas system

NATURALHY

Geneva, January 23, 2003

Naturalhy: the H2-projectNaturalhy: the H2-project

• EU-sponsored (6-th framework)

• 30-40 partner program– Gascompanies– Manufacturers– Research Institutes and Universities

• Budget: >> 10 M.Euro

• Project coordination: Gasunie Research

• EU-sponsored (6-th framework)

• 30-40 partner program– Gascompanies– Manufacturers– Research Institutes and Universities

• Budget: >> 10 M.Euro

• Project coordination: Gasunie Research

NATURALHY

Geneva, January 23, 2003

NaturalhyWP: Integrity and Durability

NaturalhyWP: Integrity and Durability

• Improved inspection requirements• Probability of detection• Inspection intervals• Description of defectgeometry• Sizing accuracy• New technologies (EMAT/s, UT, …)

• Updated repair technique validation• Reliability of repair techniques• Complete functional specifications

• Integration of new techniques with current practice

• Budget: 4-4.5 M.Euro

• Partners: operators, inspection & pig vendors, others

• Improved inspection requirements• Probability of detection• Inspection intervals• Description of defectgeometry• Sizing accuracy• New technologies (EMAT/s, UT, …)

• Updated repair technique validation• Reliability of repair techniques• Complete functional specifications

• Integration of new techniques with current practice

• Budget: 4-4.5 M.Euro

• Partners: operators, inspection & pig vendors, others

NATURALHY

Geneva, January 23, 2003

Innovation: the added valueInnovation: the added value

• Gastransmission lines– W-Europe: > 100.000 km– World: > 800.000 km

• Oil transmission lines:– W-Europe: >25.000 km

Suppose: • 400 kE/km invested• Innovation leads to 1-2 % efficiency improvement (increased

lifetime, reduced OPEX, etc)

• Gastransmission lines– W-Europe: > 100.000 km– World: > 800.000 km

• Oil transmission lines:– W-Europe: >25.000 km

Suppose: • 400 kE/km invested• Innovation leads to 1-2 % efficiency improvement (increased

lifetime, reduced OPEX, etc)

Total: > 1.000.000 km large transmission lines

Added Added valuevalue

Geneva, January 23, 2003

www.gasunieresearch.nlwww.gasunieresearch.nl

P.O.-Box 199700 MA Groningen

P.O.-Box 199700 MA Groningen