GCSE PE

Athletics

Sprints Jumping Throwing

SprintingThere are a few types of sprints, 100m, 200m, 300m, 400m.

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SpikesHigh jump

Long jump

Triple jump

Bar

Sandpit

jumping

ThrowingThrowing eventsThere are four different throwing events included in athletics competition which require athletes to demonstrate power, strength and accuracy. The four events are: the hammer, the discus, the javelin and the shot put.

Hammer throwThe 'hammer' is an extremely heavy metal ball weighing 7.2kg which is attached to a handle by a steel wire. The hammer event requires the contestant to have extreme strength and excellent technique, in order to throw the metal ball across the field. When making the throw the contestant must stand within a designated area, marked by a circle. If the athlete steps out of the circle during the throw or before the hammer lands, the throw is classified as a fail.

Discus throwMaking use of a spinning technique to bring about speed and strength, the discus requires the athlete to throw a disc shaped object across the field as far as possible. The athlete must begin the throw from a stationary position but there are no specified requirements for the method used to throw the discus.To make the throw the athlete stands within a circle marked on the ground and is forbidden to leave the circle before the discus has landed. If the contestant steps on or outside the circle, the throw is classified as a fail.

Javelin throwThe Javelin combines speed with great strength, requiring the athlete to throw a long spiked pole as far as possible across the field. The javelin has a grip, part way along the pole, which the athlete must hold on to when throwing. The javelin is thrown by an arm extended backwards, being thrown over the shoulder or upper part of the arm.For the throw to count, the javelin must land with the tip (front part of the javelin) hitting the ground before the tail (back part of the javelin) If the athlete turns their back to the throwing line during the throw or crosses the line during or after the throw, the throw is classified as a fail.

Shot PutRequiring perhaps more strength than any other athletic event, the shot put requires the athlete to throw an extremely heavy ball across a specified distance by transferring leg strength up through the arms. The athlete is required to begin the throw from a stationary position within a marked circle and must throw the shot using one hand only. The contestant is disqualified if they leave the marked circle before the shot has touched the ground.

Offside ruleFifa wants it made clear whether a player in an offside position is interfering with play or not.

The current rule mentions players can be interfering with distracting "gestures or movements".

But Fifa wants the wording simplified to take out any room for a referee's interpretation or opinion.

At present, Law 11 states a player is interfering by "clearly obstructing an opponent's vision or movements, or making a gesture or movement which in the opinion of the referee deceives or distracts an opponent".

Fifa wants that changed to a player interfering by "clearly obstructing an opponent's vision or challenging an opponent for the ball".

Ifab will meet in Edinburgh on 2 March when they will also discuss the use of goal-line technology, which was trialled at the Club World Cup in Japan last December.

It is understood that all the goals scored at the competition were registered correctly by the equipment.

WeightliftingHow to get big.

1. Eat more"Extra calories combined with training leads to growth," says Sean Hyson, the group training director for Men's Fitness. It's really that cut and dry, more muscle comes from more food.

2. Power up with proteinProteins are the building blocks of muscle. They assist with the rebuilding and recovery process. Shoot for 1-1.5 grams of protein per lean pound of body weight.

3. Don't cut carbsNumerous studies have pointed to the benefit of protein supplements in muscle building, but many of them also mention carbohydrates as a hormone-balancing component that maximizes your gains after workouts.

4. Use dumbbellsMontreal-based strength coach Andrew Sakhrani, C.S.C.S., encourages occasionally swapping out barbell work with dumbbells. Why? "Dumbbell presses open up the chest and recruit more muscle fibres.” This works for other exercises, too.

5. Work your backIt’s easy to focus on your arms and chest. However, too much training on those areas can lead to imbalances and injury, most of which can be avoided by doing plenty of rowing/pulling work.

Fitness-Cardiovascular fitness is the ability to exercise the whole body for long periods of time and is sometimes called stamina. -Muscular strength is the amount of force a muscle can exert against a resistance. It helps sportspeople to hit, tackle and throw.-Muscular endurance is the ability to use voluntary muscles many times without becoming tired. It helps sportspeople to sprint or repeat quick actions for longer.-Flexibility is the range of movement possible at a joint. It helps performers to stretch and reach further. -Body composition is the percentage of body weight which is fat, muscle or bone. It helps sportspeople depending on the type of sport they play, e.g. heavy rugby players are more effective in the scrum than lightweight players, but light long distance runners will always beat heavyweights.-NB If you are studying AQA, you should also list speed as a health related fitness factor.-Speed is the differential rate at which an individual is able to perform a movement or cover a distance in a period of time or how quickly an individual can move. This helps all games players to move into position or get away from opponents quickly.

Football

GoalkeepingReady Position #1 - Shot Stopper

The goalkeeper will adopt this ready position when the ball is located within shooting range (red area).

The most common techniques executed from this position are: Basic saves near the body (forward dive, scoop, bucket catch, 'W' Catch)Diving saves (collapse dive, gliding, etc.)Hop and LoadBasic side to side footwork

Ready Position # 2 - Wing Play

The goalkeeper will adopt this ready position when the ball is positioned on the wings (yellow area) and a ball being crossed into the goal area is the most likely situation.

The most common techniques executed from this position are: High Cross CatchForward dive at the near postPunching (two handed, one handed)Tipping over crossbarForwards SprintsBackwards cross-over steps

Ready Position #3 - Sweeper Keeper

The goalkeeper will adopt this ready position when the ball is NOT within shooting range (purple area), the ball is NOT positioned on the wings (yellow area), but in any other position on the field (red area).

The most common techniques executed from this position are: Forward sprintsBackward sprintsFirst time clearanceHeadingPunching

Ready Position #4 - Wide Angle

The goalkeeper will adopt this ready position when the ball is located within shooting range and at a very wide angle (blue area).

The most common techniques executed from this position are: Basic saves near the body (forward dive, scoop, bucket catch, 'W' Catch)Collapse DiveFoot Saves

Defending

A good defence is the building block of any great team. The articles in this section will help you coach your players to work as a defensive unit. We look at how your players should organise themselves, what are their roles and responsibilities as defenders, and how they should react in different defensive situations. With work, you should be able to coach your players to control the game at the back and to start great passing moves leading to goals at the other end.

Midfielding"When he passes the ball two yards no one thinks it's worthwhile, but the hardest thing in the game is making those two yard passes because no-one wants do it.

"He can play longer passes but it's a great art, passing short when everyone wants to make the long wonder pass - it's a great art to keep it simple.

"His rise to the Premier League has been huge and he's done consistently well for two years now. The great thing is he'll get better. His performances have been excellent.

"He can go long if he needs to, there's no doubt, but he knows the value of what he does. He has a steely determination and he can mix it too when wants, and is developing into a really top player."

Attacking

The basics are the same as the low drive with the instep, but you will increase the power by bringing the kicking leg through quickly and increasing your follow through.

Try and keep your shots low and aim for the corners as this is the hardest area for the goalkeeper to save.

If you shoot towards the far post, then a team-mate can take advantage of any rebounds.

Aim to get plenty of power into the shot, but don't sacrifice accuracy.

If a shot isn't on target it doesn't matter how hard you hit it because you won't score.

A player is not in an offside position if: •he is in his own half of the field of play•he is level with the second last opponent•he is level with the last two opponents

Committing an Offside Offence A player in an offside position is only penalised if, at the moment the ball touches or is played by one of his team, he is, in the opinion of the referee, involved in active play by: •interfering with play•interfering with an opponent•gaining an advantage by being in that position

No Offence There is no offside offence if a player receives the ball directly from: •a goal kick•a throw-in•a corner kick

Offside Rule

Quiz

Who has the 100m world record?

A – Usain Bolt

B – Alistair George Buckton

C- Kieran Pacey Hare

Correct

Wrong

Which stadium is Aston Villa?

Wrong

Correct

What's this players name?

a) Grant Leadbitter

b) Dean Whitehead

c) Daniel Ayala

Wrong

Correct

Who won the league in 2013/14?

Wrong

Correct