gcse revision booklet edexcel paper 3 weimar and nazi
TRANSCRIPT
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GCSE Revision Booklet
Edexcel Paper 3
Weimar and Nazi Germany 1919-1939
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Weimar and Nazi Germany Topic Check List
Key Topic 1: The Weimar Republic 1918-1933 Topic area Key Content Overview Understood?
1.1 The Origins of the Republic
• The legacy of the first world war • Abdication of the Kaiser, Armistice and Revolution
1918-19 • The setting up of the Weimar Republic • Strengths and weaknesses of Constitution
1.2 Early challenges to the Weimar Republic 1919-1923
• Reasons for early unpopularity of Republic including stab in the back theory
• Key terms of Treaty of Versailles • Challenges to Weimar Republic from the Left wing
and Right wing. Spartacists, Freikorps and Kapp Putsch
• The challenges of 1923: hyperinflation, reasons for and effects of, the French occupation of the Ruhr
1.3 The recovery of the Republic 1924-1929
• Reasons for economic recovery, including the work of Stresemann, the Rentenmark, the Dawes and Young Plans and American loans and investment
• The impact on domestic policies of Stresemann’s achievements abroad
• Locarno Pact, joining League of Nations and the Kellogg-Briand Pact
1.4 Changes in Society 1924-1929
• Changes in the standard of living, including wages, housing and unemployment insurance
• Changes in the position of women in work, politics and leisure
• Cultural changes: developments in architecture, art and the cinema
Key Topic 2: Hitler’s Rise to Power 1919-33 2.1 Early development of the Nazi Party 1920-1922
• Hitler’s early career- joining the German Worker’s Party and setting up the Nazi Party 1919-1920
• Early growth and features of the party • The 25 point programme and role of the SA
2.2 The Munich Putsch and the Lean Years 1923-1929
• Reasons for, events and consequences of the Munich Putsch
• Reasons for limited support for Nazi party 1924-1928 • Party reorganisation and Mein Kampf • The Bamberg Conference 1926
2.3 The Growth in support for the Nazis 1929-1932
• Growth of unemployment- causes and impact-failure of Weimar govt. to tackle it
• Growth and support for Communist party • Reasons for growth of support for Nazi party- appeal
of Hitler and Nazis • Propaganda and the role of the SA
2.4 How Hitler became Chancellor 1932-1933
• Political developments in 1932- role of Hindenburg, Bruning, von Papen and von Schleicher
• The part played by Hindenberg and von Papen in Hitler becoming Chancellor in 1933
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Key Topic 3: Nazi Control and Dictatorship 1933-1939 Topic area Key Content Overview Understood?
3.1 the Creation of a Dictatorship 1933-34
• The Reichstag Fire, Enabling Act and banning of other parties and Trade Unions
• Threat from Rohm and SA, Night of the Long Knives • The death of Hindenberg, Hitler becomes Fuhrer, the
Army and Oath of Allegiance
3.2 The Police State • The role of the Gestapo, the SS, the SD and Concentration camps
• Nazi control of the legal system, judges and law courts
• Nazi policies towards the Catholic and Protestant Churches including the Reich church and Concordat
3.3 Controlling and influencing Attitudes
• Goebbels and the Ministry of Propaganda, censorship, Nazi use of the media, rallies and sport including Berlin Olympics 1936
• Nazi control of culture and the arts including art, architecture, literature and film
3.4 Support, Opposition and Conformity
• The extent of support for the Nazi regime • Opposition from the Churches including the role of
Pastor Niemoller • Opposition from the Young including the Swing
Youth and Edelweiss Pirates
Key Topic 4: Life in Nazi Germany 1933-39 4.1 Nazi policies towards Women
• Nazi views on women and the family • Nazi policies towards women including marriage,
family, employment and appearance
4.2 Nazi policies towards youth
• Nazi aims and policies towards the young • The Hitler Youth and League of German Maidens • Nazi control of the young through education
including the curriculum and teachers
4.3 Employment and Living Standards
• Nazi policies towards unemployment including labour service, autobahns, rearmament and invisible unemployment
• Changes in the standard of living especially of German workers.
• The Labour front, Strength through Joy and Beauty of Labour
4.4. Persecution of Minorities
• Nazi racial beliefs and policies- treatment of minorities; Gypsies, Slavs, Homosexuals and those with disabilities
• The persecution of Jews including the Boycott of Jewish shops and businesses (1933), the Nuremberg Laws and Kristallnacht
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How to use this booklet:
This booklet is designed to support your thorough programme of revision. Pages 1 and 2 show the outline of the four topics which you could be assessed on in your exam. You need to ensure you are confident with them.
To start with, try RAGGING each bullet point, e.g. use RED AMBER and GREEN to highlight how securely you feel you know them. If you are very confident on a bullet point give it a little dot of green, somewhat confident amber (orange or yellow) and not confident a red dot.
This process should tell you where to prioritise your revision.
How to revise for GCSE History
There is no CORRECT way to revise as it is personal and you should do what works for you. However research has shown that PASSIVE revision is only about 5% as effective as ACTIVE revision. Therefore you should avoid PASSIVE revision activities as they are basically a waste of time.
What are passive revision activities?
-Reading through your notes/ revision guide
-Copying out your notes/ revision guide
What are active revision activities?
-Chunking down information to process it. E.g. reading a page of info and summarising it in 3 key bullet points or a spider diagram or table etc.
-Synthesising and processing information into key historical questions e.g.
+ What were the causes of x?
+What was the impact of x?
+What were the successes and failures of x?
+What changed and what stayed the same after…?
+How were different groups in society affected by….x?
+Why did different groups in society support/ oppose….?
-Making mind maps or flash cards of the most important causes,, consequences, changes, people, events etc
-Making flash cards with questions on one side and answers on the back e.g. Why did Germany face problems in 1919? A: Impact of Versailles- lost land and resources, difficulty trading, loss of coal fields and ports, crippling reparations of £6.6bn, political instability following Kaiser’s abdication, blame for the November criminals etc.
-Symbols, colours and numbers really help your brain to remember facts. E.g. if you make a spider diagram of the reasons for Hitler becoming Fuhrer you may draw a little scroll next to the Enabling Act to remind you it was a law which was passed etc or flames beside the Reichstag fire. By numbering your causes you are more likely to remember them because your brain will remember there were four then recall the image of flames etc.
-Higher level understanding- once you have chunked down the information into key points, colour code it with highlighters e.g. Blue for social reasons, pink for economic reasons, green for political reasons, orange for religious reasons and yellow for military reasons etc. You may also use colour coding for different groups in society e.g. rich, working classes, women, farmers, industrialists etc. This will improve your analysis skills which will make the difference between a grade 6 and a grade 8 or 9.
When you have made notes on a key topic, try and complete the activities in this booklet to TEST your knowledge including the exam questions.
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Key Topic 1: The Weimar Republic 1918 -1929
The German Revolution 1918
Revolution/ Unrest/ The Kiel Mutiny
What happened to the old government/ Kaiser?
Which party/ leader made up the new government?
What promises did they make? Why? and to whom?
Industrialists/ Factory Owners?
Workers/ Trade Unions?
The Army?
Civil Servants?
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Key Topic 1: The Weimar Republic 1919-1929
The Weimar Constitution
Strengths Weaknesses
Germany in 1919How did the Treaty of
Versailles affect Germany?
Territory
Economy
Society
Armed Forces
Public Feeling
Government
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Opposition to the Weimar Government
Annotate the diagram to explain reasons for and examples of opposition to the Weimar Government within Germany. See example below for detail required:
Hyperinflation and the Invasion of the Ruhr
Explain why the French and Belgian forces invaded the Ruhr in 1923:
What were the consequences of this?
Winners of Hyperinflation Losers of Hyperinflation
Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht were very popular, inspirational leaders within SPD.
They opposed the SPD for not doing enough for workers/ poor people of Germany during the post war difficult years. They broke away from SPD and gave speeches opposing the government and encouraging strikes and protests. SPD used
FREIKORPS to put the revolt down and Luxemburg/ Liebknecht were killed despite not being directly involved.
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Economic Recovery 1923-1929
Complete the spider diagram, explain the reason for recovery where it is missing or give the explanation a title where the title is missing.
Gustav Stresemann’s Foreign Achievements:
Locarno Pact 1925:
League of Nations 1926:
Kellogg-Briand Pact 1928:
Reasons for Economic Recovery
Gustav Stresemann
Elected:
Introduced:
__________________________
This plan in 1924 reorganised German reparation payments.
They were staged to match their ability to pay them. They began at
1billion for 1st year and increased over 4 years to 2.5 billion. In return, the French withdrew their troops
from the Ruhr.
________________________________
This plan was introduced in 1929 and further negotiated changes to
reparation payments. It set a timescale for German payments lasting until 1988. It also reduced
the reparation figure from £______________ to £_________________
American Loans
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Practice Exam Question: Explain why the Weimar Republic recovered in the years 1924-1929 You may use the following in your answer:
• The Dawes Plan • The Locarno Pact
You MUST also use information of your own (12 marks)
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How did the standard of living and culture in Germany change from 1924-1929?
Key Area Developments Wages
Housing
Architecture
Unemployment Insurance
Art
Cinema
How did the Lives of Women Change in the 1920s?
Politics Leisure
Employment
Lives of Women 1920s
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Term Definition Kaiser
Armistice
Coalition Government
Constitution
Proportional Representation
Freikorps
Hyperinflation
Putsch
Reparations
Spartacists
Stab in the Back Theory
Treaty of Versailles
Dawes Plan
Kellogg-Briand Pact
League of Nations
Locarno Pact
Rentenmark
Young Plan
Bauhaus
Unemployment Welfare
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Key Terms Topic 1
Practice Exam Questions
Source A From a speech by Count Brockdorff-Rantzau, head of the German Versailles delegation to the Allied powers, 7 May 1919. We shall be made to pay and, as the guilty, we shall be punished. We are required to admit tha we alone are to blame for the war. Such an admission on my lips would be a lie. We emphatically deny that Germany, whose people were convinced that they were waging a war of defence, should be burdened with the sole responsibility for the war. Give two things you can infer from Source A about Germany reactions to the Versailles peace treaty (4 marks) Mark Scheme 2 marks- 1 mark for each VALID inference up to a maximum of two inferences. 2 marks- The second mark for each inference is for supporting detail selected from the source The source suggests… The source also suggests… Source B A photograph showing women in a famous Berlin bar in the 1920s
How useful is Source B for an enquiry into the position of women in the Weimar Republic in the 1920s? Explain your answer using Source B and your knowledge of the Historical context. (Note in your exam you will be given two different sources- this is just for practice of source skills). What is useful about the contents of the source? (Consider what the women are wearing and doing as well as expressions on their faces)
Remember to use your knowledge as well! What is useful about the nature, origins or purpose of the source?
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Key Topic 2: Hitler’s Rise to Power 1919-1933
Who was Adolf Hitler?
Childhood and Views?
War Service and views on Weimar Government?
German Workers Party (DAP)
Growth of the National Socialist German Workers Party (NSDAP) and leadership bid
The SA
The 25 Point Programme Features
Complete the spider diagram and give one sentence to explain each reason for the growth of the Nazi party
Reasons for the Growth of the
Nazi Party
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The Munich Putsch and the lean years 1923-1929
Mein Kampf (My Struggle)
Whilst in prison in 1923, Hitler wrote the book Mein Kampf. In this he set out his vision of what he saw as the problems in Germany as well as the solutions. He also made some pledges about what he would do for Germany if he were ever to gain power. Some of these ideas were popular with the German people.
Idea Why would it be popular? (with some people not necessarily all!) Reverse the Treaty of Versailles and make Germany strong again
Gain Lebensraum (Living Space)
Remove Jews from Germany
Describe the reasons for and events of the Munich Putsch- include the following in your description: General Ludendorff, hyperinflation, Mussolini, Bavarian leaders (Kahr, Lossow and Seisser), the SA, failure of the Putsch.
The Lean Years 1924-1929
Following the Munich Putsch, the Nazi Party was banned but survived in secret until the ban was lifted. This period brought both good and bad fortunes to the party…
Why was Hitler’s trial and imprisonment significant?
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The Bamberg Conference 1926
When? Where? Key Events? Northern Section: Southern Section: Results of the Bamberg Conference?
Conclusions and Summary
The party did not do well because… The party made progress because… • • •
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Exam Top Tip!
1. Explain at least 3 reasons 2. Focus explicitly on the question throughout. 3. Support your reasons with precise factual
details.
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Mark Scheme 12 mark Explain Questions Level Mark Description 1 1-3 A simple or generalised answer is given, lacking development and organisation. 2 4-6 An explanation is given, showing limited analysis and with implicit links to the
question. 3 7-9 An explanation is given, showing some analysis, which is mainly directed at the focus of
the question 4 10-12 An analytical explanation is given which is directed consistently at the focus of the
question
Exam Practice Question: Explain why the Nazi Party lost support in the years 1923-1929. You may use the following in your answer:
• The Munich Putsch • Stresemann
(12 marks) One reason the Nazi party lost support between 1923-1929 was… A more important reason for their drop in support was…. The most important reason , the Nazi Party lost support was because….
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Source and Interpretations Questions:
Source A A painting of the Munich Putsch of 1923 made later by one of its participants, showing the police opening fire on the Nazis. Hitler is standing with his arm raised and Erich von Ludendorff is on his right.
Source B From Hitler’s recollections of the Munich Putsch given in 1933. It was the greatest good fortune for us Nazis that the Putsch collapsed because:
1. Co-operation with General Ludendorff would have been absolutely impossible. 2. The sudden takeover of power in the whole of Germany would have led to the greatest difficulties in 1923 because
the essential preparations had not been made by the National Socialist Party. 3. The events of 9 November 1923, with their bloody sacrifices, have proven the most effective propaganda for
National Socialism. (a) Study sources A and B, how useful are they to an enquiry into the failure of the Munich Putsch? Explain your answer using sources A and B and your knowledge of the historical context. (8 marks)
Source A’s content is useful because…
Furthermore its content is useful because…
Source A’s provenance makes it more useful because….
However, the provenance also makes it limited because…
Source B’s content is useful because….
Furthermore its content is useful because…
Source B’s provenance makes it more useful because….
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However the provenance also makes it limited because…
Interpretation 1 From Germany 1858-1990: Hope, Terror and Revival by A. Kitson, published in 2001 Kahr was forced to promise Hitler his support, but this support was short-lived. The next day it became clear to Hitler that neither Kahr nor the army were going to support his march. The Bavarian police were sent to stop the few thousands supporters that had gathered and opened fire, killing 16 Nazis. Hitler was driven away. Two days later he and other Nazi leaders were arrested and accused of high treason. The Nazi Party was banned and Hitler was given the minimum sentence of five years’ imprisonment. Interpretation 2 From Encyclopedia of the Third Reich by Louis L. Snyder, published in 1998. On the surface the Beer-Hall Putsch seemed to be a failure, but actually it was a brilliant achievement for a political nobody. In a few hours Hitler catapulted his scarcely known, unimportant movement into headlines throughout Germany and the world. Moreover, he learned an important lesson: direct action was not the way to political power. It was necessary that he seek political victory by winning the masses to his side and also by attracting the support of wealthy industrialists. Then he could ease his way to political supremacy by legal means.
(b) Study interpretations 1 and 2, they give different views about the impact of the failed Munich Putsch on the Nazi Party.
What is the main difference between the views?
Explain your answer using details from both interpretations. (4 marks)
REMEMBER! You MUST include your own knowledge which is not
in the source to develop points about uses of the sources.
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(c) Suggest one reason why Interpretations give different views about the impact of the failed Munich Putsch on the Nazi Party. You may use sources A and B to help you explain your answer. (4 marks)
Up to 4 marks of the total for part (d) will be awarded for spelling, punctuation and grammar and use of specialist terminology.
(d) How far do you agree with Interpretation 2 about the impact of the failed Munich Putsch on the Nazi Party? Explain your answer with reference to both Interpretations and your knowledge of the historical context. (20 marks)
I agree with the view given in Interpretation 2 about the impact of the failed Munich Putsch because….
However there are also reasons to agree with interpretation 1 such as….
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In conclusion, I agree/ disagree with the view shown in interpretation 2 because…
The Growth in Support for the Nazis 1929-1932
The Growth in Unemployment:
Causes Impact In October 1929, the Wall Street Crash paralysed the US stock market and economy. As a result they had to recall loans to Germany. German businesses had to sack workers and close. German farmers suffered as prices fell further. By 1932 over 6 million people were unemployed. The Weimar government failed to deal with unemployment and lost support….
On the Weimar government? On Chancellor Muller? On government spending? On the stability of the government?
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Elections
Elections were held in July and November 1932. The Communist party gained ____________seats (16.9%) in the November 1932 elections.
In the September 1930 elections the Nazi Party won _____________seats and by July 1932 it was the largest party with _____________seats. This increased support was due to several reasons. For each of the reasons explain why it led to increased support for the party.
Reason Explanation Hitler
The SA
Goebbels
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How did Hitler become Chancellor in 1933?
For each date, match the correct event from below by writing it into the table.
Date Event March 1932 April May June July August September October November December January 1933
Events (these are not in the correct chronological order) a) Hitler demanded the post of Chancellor. Hindenburg refused to appoint him. b) Von Papen arranged for another election for the Reichstag, hoping to win more support. c) Hindenburg appointed von Schleicher, an army leader as Chancellor. d) Von Papen became Chancellor. e) The Nazis seats fell to 196. f) The Nazis won 230 seats, becoming the largest party in the Reichstag. g) Hitler became Chancellor of Germany. h) Chancellor Bruning was forced to resign. i) Hindenburg invited Hitler to become Chancellor. j) Von Papen and Hitler agreed that Hitler should become Chancellor and von Papen Vice-Chancellor.
Key Terms Topic 2
Term Definition German Worker’s Party (DAP)
Anti-Semitism
Nationalise
Nazi Party (NSDAP)
SA
Propaganda
25 Point Programme
Wall Street Crash
Reichstag
Chancellor
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Key Topic 3: Nazi Control and Dictatorship 1933-1939
How did Hitler go from Chancellor to Fuhrer?
The Night of the Long Knives
Reasons for the Purge Events Impact
In August 1934, Hindenburg died- Hitler combined the post of Chancellor and President and called himself Fuhrer. He called a referendum (public vote) and more than 90% of people agreed with this action (38 million people).
Feb 1933
•The Reichstag Fire
March 1933
•The Enabling Act
June 1934
•The Night of the Long Knives
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The Nazi Police State
Complete the mindmap- showing the different ways the Nazis controlled people in Germany 1933-1939.
The SS Censorship
The Gestapo Control of Legal System
Concentration Camps Control of the Churches
Why was religion a threat to Nazis?
The Catholic Church
The Protestant Church
Control in Nazi Germany
Did you know…
In Nazi Germany-
2/3 people were Protestant
1/3 people were Catholic
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Source A An incident reported in the Rhineland July 1938 In a café, a 64 year-old woman remarked to her companion at the table: “Mussolini [the leader of Italy] has more political sense in one of his boots than Hitler has in his brain.” The remark was overheard and five minutes later the woman was arrested by the Gestapo who had been alerted by telephone.
What INFERENCES can you make from source A about the Nazi police state? (An inference is something you deduce (work out) from the source e.g. what is suggested by the information in the source. The source suggests that….
•
•
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Read the following passage and highlight or underline any factual errors BEWARE some of the information BELOW is UNTRUE! In Germany, most of the population was Roman Catholic. At first Hitler decided to cooperate with the Catholic Church. In 1935, he signed an agreement known as a Concordat. In 1933, those Protestant groups that supported the Nazis agreed to unite to form the ‘Reich Church’. Their leader, Pastor Neimoller, became the first Reich Bishop in September 1933. Many Protestants opposed Nazism which they believed conflicted greatly with their own Christian beliefs. They were led by Ludwig Muller and, in December 1934, they set up the Reich Leage for those who opposed Hitler.
Make arguments in the table below on both sides that the Nazis won support by being popular and they forced people to support them (see examples)
Nazis won support Nazis forced support EG they had powerful and effective propaganda They opened concentration camps such as Dachau for
political opponents from 1933.
Conclusion- Did the Nazis win popular support or force people to oppose them?
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Propaganda in Third Reich
Propaganda and “Enlightenment” Minister Joseph Goebbels 1933-1945 What were the main themes of Goebbel’s propaganda? E.g. what messages did he try to send out to the German people?
• Pro… • Pro… • Anti… • Anti…
How well did propaganda work? Did it work better on some groups than others? Explain your answer.
What is Propaganda?
Propaganda is a way of changing the way people think or their beliefs about something by planting ideas in their head. This is usually done with posters, news broadcasts, advertising, radio or television broadcasts, magazines or speeches.
In Nazi Germany, people were bombarded with propaganda by Goebbels and his team. It included films, speeches, loud speaker announcements, statues and flags, radio, posters and leaflets, even children’s story books and educational textbooks contained propaganda messages. Hitler also had thousands of members of the party who would help to spread these messages through word of mouth. It was very difficult not to believe the messages as any contradicting information was censored heavily.
Did you know? By 1939 70% of German households had radios -Goebbels ordered them mass produced to make them more affordable- it was important to hear Nazi
messages.
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For each of the following propaganda images, summarise the message given by the image (do not worry about any text).
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The 1936 Olympics
The Berlin Olympics in 1936 were an amazing propaganda opportunity for Goebbels. Not only would it be seen by everyone in Germany but also world wide. This was a chance to show the world how successful Nazi Germany was.
The stadium in Berlin was built to look like the Roman Colosseum-Hitler admired the Roman Empire for its strength and domination of Europe and North Africa- he wanted to build the 3rd Reich into an Empire which would last 1000 years!
Before visitors arrived in Berlin, Hitler ordered the city to be cleaned of everything which would make them look bad…including anti-Semitic
(anti-Jewish) propaganda. He did not want to appear openly racist. The streets were gleaming and hung with Nazi swastikas and Olympic flags as well as flowers and lots of clean shops to make Germany appear to be successful in every way.
Even the athletes were used for propaganda. Pure bred Aryan Germans with blonde hair and blue eyes were selected to represent Germany. They were tall and strong. Hitler wanted to show the world the
supremacy (superiority) of the Aryan race in sports.
Why did Hitler’s plan fail? Jesse Owens?
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Nazi Control of Culture and the Arts
Area of Culture Censorship/ Control? Music
Films
Art
Theatre
Architecture (buildings)
Literature (books, plays and poems)
Racist propaganda
During the 1930s, Jazz music was becoming very popular all over the world. This music was heavily influenced by African-American musicians. Despite its popularity in Europe, America and Britain- the Nazis banned Jazz music to help them promote their racial ideals.
Artists and musicians in Germany were encouraged to use Aryan themes such as “the family”, “national community” and “heroism”.
Albert Speer
One of Hitler’s favourite leaders was Architect Albert Speer. He was in charge of buildings and later armaments during WWII. He was given a brief to build grand buildings based in Ancient Greek and Roman style.
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Explaining Importance
For each factor below, describe its key features and then decide how important it was (choose from options below) and explain why. Read the examples and do the others yourself.
How important?
DECISIVE (Critically important- Hitler would not have had such good control without it)
IMPORTANT (Very Important-It really helped Hitler establish and maintain control but he may have been successful without it)
QUITE IMPORTANT (Relatively important in helping Hitler establish/ maintain control but he likely would have been successful without it)
Factor Key Features How important was it in helping Hitler establish control between 1933-39? Explain your
ideas. The Reichstag Fire
Feb 1933- German Parliament set on fire. Dutch Communist Van der Lubbe in the building so Communists blamed for fire.
DECISIVE-Before the fire, the Communists were as popular as the Nazis. The fire enabled Hitler to imprison Communist leaders and ban them from the Reichstag. Many voted for the Nazis to “keep them safe” This won them enough votes to get the Enabling Act passed.
The Enabling Act
The SA
The Night of the Long Knives
Law Courts
SS and Gestapo
Concentration Camps
Churches
Censorship
Propaganda
Which factor was most important and why?
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Exam Practice
Explain why the Nazi Party was able to establish a dictatorship in Germany in the years 1933-39.
You may use the following in your answer:
• The SS • Censorship
You must also use information of your own.
[12 marks]
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Opposition Resistance and Conformity (Compliance)
Between 1933-1939 about 1.3 million people were sent to concentration camps which suggests there was widespread opposition to the Nazi regime. It has also been estimated about 300,000 people left Germany. Although there was clear opposition to the regime, it was not united enough or co-ordinated enough to really threaten the regime.
Why did some Germans support Hitler?
Factor Explanation The Economy
Promises
International Position
Hatred of political groups such as Socialists, Communists, SA Leaders etc
Churches The Young
Catholics Edelweiss Pirates
Protestants
The Swing Youth
Opposition to Nazis
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Key Terms Topic 3
Term Meaning Fuhrer
Enabling Act
Night of the Long Knives
Oath of Allegiance
Reichstag
SS
Trade Unions
Concentration Camp
Concordat
Gestapo
Reich Church
SD
Aryan
Censorship
Third Reich
Confessional Church
Edelweiss Pirates
Hitler Youth
Martyr
Swing Youth
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Key Topic 4- Life in Nazi Germany
Women
Nazi Views on Women Nazi Policies towards Women
Successes of Nazi Policies on Women:
Number of married women in employment?
Number of marriages?
Birth rate?
German Women’s Enterprise?
Limitations/ Failures of Nazi Policies on Women:
Women in employment?
Employers preference?
Feelings of some women towards policies?
Did the Nazi policies towards women change over time?
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Nazi Policies towards Youth
The Curriculum
Explain how the Nazis used the curriculum to embed their ideas into German youth:
Subject Explanation History
Physical Education
Eugenics
Race Studies
Geography
Home Economics (Girls)
Mein Kampf
Subjects deemed less important?
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The Hitler Youth and League of German Maidens
Policy from 1936?
Aims:
Activities?
How successful were Nazi policies?
The Hitler Youth The League of German Maidens
Its aim was to prepare German boys to be future soldiers
Its aim was to prepare German girls for future motherhood
Boys wore military-style uniforms Girls wore a uniform of blue skirt, white blouse and heavy marching shoes
Activities centred on physical exercise and rifle practice, as well as political indoctrination
Girls undertook physical exercise, but activities mainly centred on developing domestic skills such as sewing and cooking
Successes Failures
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Employment and Living Standards
Add further detail to the spider diagram
Job Creation Schemes The Reich Labour Service (RAD)
Invisible Unemployment Rearmament
Nazi policies to reduce
unemployment
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Were Germans better or worse off during the period 1933-1939?
Better Off Worse Off Employment Rates? Strength through Joy?
Beauty of Labour?
Lack of Freedom? Volkswagen Swindle? Invisible Unemployment?
Who was better/ worse off?
For each group, write them onto the balance to show whether they were better or worse off- give one reason for each.
Farmers Women Children Industrial Workers Rich
Big business owners Small business owners
The Persecution of Minorities
Better Off Worse Off
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What did the Nazis believe about minorities?
Write your ideas into the brain.
CLUES:
Hierarchy
Race
Eugenics (selective breeding)
Untermenschen
Burden
What did the Nazis believe about homosexuals? Why?
Timeline Persecution of the Jews
1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939
1933 SA organised boycott of Jewish shops and businesses 1935 the Nuremberg Laws-
a series of anti-Jewish measures e.g. banned inter-racial marriage/ sex, Jews lost citizenship, right to vote.
November 1938 Kristallnacht- a night of anti-Jewish violence throughout Germany
1936 Jewish doctors banned from working in German hospitals/ surgeries
1939 Jews began to be forced into ghettos. By Summer 1939 over 250,000 Jews left Germany
1934 local councils banned Jews from public spaces such as parks and swimming pools
1933 Jews excluded from all government jobs e.g. civil service
1937 following end of Berlin Olympics, anti-Jewish propaganda is increased
Year 11 History Revision Timetable 2021-2022 Weimar and Nazi Germany Mock
Week Topics and points to Cover Suggested Activities Complete? Week Commencing 18th October 2021 Key Topic 1
Weimar Germany Impact of WWI- Germany in 1918 The German Revolution and creation of the Weimar government The Weimar Constitution- strengths and weaknesses
-Make a detailed spider diagram of the causes of the 1918 revolution including the Kaiser’s abdication and the impact of WWI- low morale, Dolchstoss etc -Make a diagram of your own showing how the Weimar Constitution worked -Make a table of the strengths and weaknesses of the Weimar Constitution -Complete page 7 of revision booklet
Week Commencing 25th October 2021 (HALF TERM) Key Topic 1
Challenges to the government from the Left and Right: Who were the Freikorps? -The Spartacist Uprising- Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht -The Treaty of Versailles and its impact on Germany -The Kapp Putsch – Wolfgang Kapp and General Lutwitz -French invasion of the Ruhr and Hyperinflation crisis of 1923
-Make a comparison of the Spartacist uprising the the Kapp Putsch as a table Leaders: Aims: Methods: Government response: Reasons for failure: Impact: Make a Venn diagram of the terms of the treaty of Versailles. Consider Economic, Political, Military and Territorial terms Explain why the Treaty of Versailles was so unpopular in Germany Make a flow chart showing why the French invaded Germany in the Ruhr (link to Versailles) Pages 8-9 in your revision booklet Practice paper questions: Explain why there was opposition to the Weimar Republic 1918-1920 you may use the following in your answer: -The Spartacists -Dolchstoss (12 marks)
Week Commencing 1st November 2021 Key Topic 1
The Stresemann Years/ Golden Years/ Recovery of the Republic -Stresemann’s economic policies -Stresemann’s foreign policy -The Weimar Constitution- freedom and rights Did the standard of living increase during the period 1924-1929 (The Golden Years)?
Make a spider diagram of all the ways Stresemann helped Germany to recover (10 and 12 of your revision booklet) Practice paper exam Q page 11 revision booklet Complete your key terms glossary check list on page 13 of your revision booklet Practice exam question on page 14 of your revision booklet (source questions)
Week Commencing 8th November 2021 Key Topic 2
-Hitler’s early years and rise to power -Reasons for the growth of the Nazi Party -the Munich Putsch and Lean Years including the Bamburg Conference
Fill in the table about Hitler and why he helped to grow the popularity of the NSDAP (National Socialist German Workers Party) --Speeches and Propaganda logo -Anton Drexler 25 point programme Complete all activities on Page 15-17 on your revision booklet Exam practice questions Explain Reasons why Nazi Party lost support in the years 1923-1929 You may use the following in your answer: -The Munich Putsch -Stresemann (12 marks) page 18-22 source/ interpretation practice questions
Week commencing 15th November 2021 Key Topic 2
-Why did people vote for the Nazis? -Why did the Weimar government fail? -Why did Hitler become Chancellor?
Complete the work on pages 23 and 24 of revision booklet. Explain why the Weimar government was unpopular include Brunings mistakes and the Weimar Constitution issues e.g. Article 48/ coalitions etc Make a timeline/ flow chart of all the events leading to Hitler becoming Chancellor in 1933.
Week TOPIC Areas to revise? TASKs Complete? Week commencing 22nd November 2021
Key Topic 3 How did Hitler become Fuhrer? How did Hitler establish a dictatorship? The Nazi Police state
Make a mindmap of events such as the Reichstag Fire, Enabling Act and Night of the Long Knives which enabled Hitler to consolidate his power. Complete page 25-26 in revision booklet Make notes under diagram on page 27 of revision booklet on key roles of the police state branches e.g. SD, Gestapo, SS—who led them? What were their roles? What power did they have?
Week commencing 29th November 2021
How did the Nazis ensure support? Propaganda Coercion/ Force
Complete tasks on page 28 of revision booklet. Answer the following 12 mark past paper question: Explain why the Nazis had popular support in Germany 1933-1939. You may include the following: -Joseph Goebbels -Concentration Camps Complete pages 29-30 in your revision booklet
Week commencing 6th December 2021
The Olympics Control of Culture/ the Arts
Complete tasks on pages 31-32 of your revision booklet Watch The Nazis A Warning from History episode 1 and 2 and make notes Complete tasks on page 33 and exam question on page 34 of revision booklet
Week commencing 13th December
Opposition to the Nazis Key Topic 4 Life in Nazi Germany
Complete tasks on page 35 of the revision booklet and key terms on page 37. Complete page 38 in your revision booklet Make a list of ways the Nazis used schools, education and youth groups to control children and how they controlled women Complete pages 39 and 40 in your revision booklet
Week commencing 20th December (School holidays)
Employment and living standards The persecution of minorities in Nazi Germany
Why didn’t most people oppose the Nazis? Make a spider diagram Complete the tasks on pages 41-44 of your revision booklet Make flash cards of all key words and definitions Test yourself with Seneca quizzes
Week commencing 27th December 2021
Revision and testing Complete plans for past paper questions for all sections of the exam and all topics to prove you are ready.