© WJEC CBAC Ltd. JD*(S18-3700U20-1A)

GCSE

3700U20-1A

ENGLISH LANGUAGEUNIT 2Reading and Writing: Description, Narration and Exposition

TUESDAY, 5 JUNE 2018 – MORNING

Resource MaterialFor use with Section A

S18-3700U20-1A

37

00

U2

01A

01

BLANK PAGE

(3700U20-1A)

2

© WJEC CBAC Ltd.

(3700U20-1A)

3

© WJEC CBAC Ltd.

Text A is taken from a website advertising overseas volunteering experiences.

37

00

U2

01A

03

Turn over.

Volu

ntee

r Pro

ject

s Vo

lunt

eer D

estin

atio

ns

Abo

ut U

s W

hy P

roje

cts

Abr

oad

Pric

es

App

ly N

ow

Like

Follo

w84

716

KG

+13,

240

follo

wer

s

0190

3 70

8 30

0in

fo@

proj

ects

-abr

oad.

co.u

k

vide

os

phot

os

volu

ntee

r sto

ries

Sea

rch

…

Volu

ntee

r Abr

oad,

Gap

Yea

rs

and

Inte

rnsh

ips

› O

ver 2

4 ye

ars’

exp

erie

nce

of

orga

nisi

ng o

vers

eas

volu

ntee

r pr

ojec

ts

› Vo

lunt

eer a

broa

d on

flex

ible

pr

ojec

ts w

ith n

o fix

ed d

ates

› P

roje

cts

avai

labl

e fo

r vol

unte

ers

aged

16

to 7

5+

› W

orth

whi

le p

roje

cts

in m

ore

than

30

dest

inat

ions

› Fu

ll-tim

e st

aff e

mpl

oyed

in

ever

y de

stin

atio

n

Top

Proj

ects

› C

onse

rvat

ion

& E

nviro

nmen

t

› C

are

› M

edic

ine

& H

ealth

care

› Te

achi

ng

› B

uild

ing

› S

hort

-term

Spe

cial

s

Top

Des

tinat

ions

› Nep

al

› G

hana

› Sri

Lank

a ›

Cam

bodi

a

› Sou

th A

frica

›

Fiji

› Chi

na

› Pe

ru

› Tan

zani

a ›

Arg

entin

a

Why

Proj

ects

Abr

oad

Wha

t can

I do

?S

earc

h by

Pro

ject

Whe

re c

an I

go?

Sea

rch

by D

estin

atio

n

For o

ver 2

0 ye

ars

Pro

ject

s A

broa

d ha

ve b

een

expe

rts

in v

olun

teer

ing

abro

ad, w

ork

expe

rienc

e an

d ga

p ye

ar

plac

emen

ts.

Foun

ded

in 1

992,

Pro

ject

s A

broa

d ha

s no

w s

ent n

early

10

0,00

0 vo

lunt

eers

from

al

l wal

ks o

f life

to v

olun

teer

pr

ojec

ts in

the

deve

lopi

ng

wor

ld.

Lear

n m

ore

Vie

w m

ore

Pro

ject

sFi

nd o

ut m

ore

Vie

w m

ore

Des

tinat

ions

Find

out

mor

eS

hort

-te

rm

Spe

cial

s

› Req

uest

a C

all B

ack

› Req

uest

a B

roch

ure

› Req

uest

a N

ewsl

ette

r

› Con

tact

Us

› App

ly N

ow

› Cha

t Onl

ine

w

ith O

ur S

taff

Info

rmat

ion

Even

tsLo

ndon

17th

Jan

uary

, 7pm

- 9p

mB

irm

ingh

am7t

h Fe

brua

ry, 7

pm -

9pm

(3700U20-1A)

4

© WJEC CBAC Ltd.

Text B is adapted from a news story in a national newspaper.

JK Rowling criticises ‘voluntourism’ and highlights the dangers of volunteering in orphanages overseas

JK Rowling has criticised the idea of voluntourism and highlighted the many problems with working in orphanages abroad.

The term voluntourism refers to the popular trend of individuals travelling to developing countries to carry out volunteer work. In recent years, increasing concerns have been raised about voluntourism and gap year projects and some have argued it can cause more harm than good to the countries being visited.

The 51-year-old Harry Potter author has drawn attention to the dangers of volunteering in orphanages. The author’s charity Lumos has done a great deal of

research into the dangers facing children who are forced to live in institutions and works to support the eight million children who are currently living in institutions such as orphanages worldwide. Lumos argues that placing children in institutions denies them the loving and caring relationships they require and can damage their brain development.

According to their data, 90 per cent of the eight million children living in institutions worldwide are not orphans and have families at home which want to care for them but are too poor. JK Rowling describes voluntourism as one of the ‘drivers of family break up in very poor countries’ because it financially motivates institutions such as orphanages to be ‘run as businesses’.

Text C is taken from a factsheet about Lumos, the charity founded by JK Rowling.

Turn over.(3700U20-1A)

5

© WJEC CBAC Ltd.

Prov

ided

1,4

18

inte

rven

tions

to

hel

p sa

ve th

e liv

es o

f chi

ldre

n su

fferin

g fro

m

mal

nutri

tion,

se

vere

neg

lect

or

a la

ck o

f acc

ess

to m

edic

al

treat

men

t.

Prov

ided

tr

aini

ng,

expe

rt a

dvic

e or

tech

nica

l su

ppor

t to

34 d

iffer

ent

coun

tries

.

Hel

ped

redi

rect

al

mos

t $50

0 m

illio

n to

war

ds

crea

ting

com

mun

ity-

base

d se

rvic

es.

Influ

ence

d ch

ange

s in

th

e la

w th

at

will

ensu

re

bette

r fut

ures

fo

r gen

erat

ions

of

chi

ldre

n.

Hel

ped

mov

e m

ore

than

17,

000

child

ren

from

har

mfu

l in

stitu

tions

to

fam

ilies

or

fam

ily-s

tyle

se

tting

s.

Prev

ente

d al

mos

t 15,

000

child

ren

from

be

ing

adm

itted

to

inst

itutio

ns.

Trai

ned

mor

e th

an 2

7,00

0 so

cial

wor

kers

, m

edic

al

prof

essi

onal

s,

teac

hers

, ca

regi

vers

, civ

il se

rvan

ts a

nd

polic

y m

aker

s.

OU

R IM

PAC

T: S

INC

E 20

09, L

UM

OS

HA

SB

E PA

RT

OF

THE

SOLU

TIO

N:

HO

W Y

OU

CA

N M

AK

E A

D

IFFE

REN

CE

Orp

hana

ges

can

ofte

n be

set

up

with

th

e be

st o

f int

entio

ns a

nd fu

nded

by

wel

l-mea

ning

don

ors.

How

ever

, chi

ldre

n ne

ed fa

milie

s, n

ot o

rpha

nage

s. J

oin

us in

bu

ildin

g aw

aren

ess

and

unde

rsta

ndin

g of

th

is p

robl

em. H

elp

us re

turn

chi

ldre

n to

th

eir f

amilie

s an

d co

mm

uniti

es.

To g

et in

volv

ed o

r mak

e a

dona

tion,

go

to

wea

relu

mos

.org

toda

y or

em

ail a

ssis

t@w

eare

lum

os.o

rg.

OU

R 1

00%

PLE

DG

E

Than

ks to

the

gene

rous

sup

port

of J

.K.

Row

ling

and

othe

rs, 1

00%

of t

he m

oney

yo

u gi

ve to

Lum

os w

ill go

dire

ctly

to L

umos

pr

ojec

ts a

nd n

ot to

adm

inis

trativ

e co

sts.

Cha

rity

regi

stra

tion

deta

ils:

Lum

os F

ound

atio

n U

SA

Inc

(Lum

os U

SA)

, a 5

01(c

)(3

) non

pro

fit o

rgan

izat

ion

Reg

iste

red

Offi

ce 5

57

Bro

adw

ay, N

ew Y

ork,

100

12, U

SA

EIN

: 47-

2301

085

Find

out

mor

e: w

eare

lum

os.o

rg |

Twitt

er: @

lum

os

Face

book

: /lu

mos

.at.w

ork

| You

Tube

: /lu

mos

char

ity

Inst

agra

m: @

wea

relu

mos

(3700U20-1A)

6

© WJEC CBAC Ltd.

Text D is taken from an internet blog by Ossob Mohamud.

I recently came across an interesting article questioning ‘voluntourism’ and whether it does more harm than good. It reminded me of my own concerns with ‘voluntourism’ as an alternative to what most college students did on their vacations: spending idle time by the poolside. The university-organised trips sent students to spend a week volunteering in disadvantaged and poverty-stricken communities. This could take the form of teaching English at the local school, assisting in building new homes for residents, or environmental clean-ups. Spread throughout the week were also tourist trips and souvenir shopping. Although it had rewarding moments, I could never shake off the feeling that it was all a bit too self-congratulatory.

Voluntourism almost always involves a group of idealistic and privileged travellers who have vastly different backgrounds from those they are meant to help. They often enter these communities with little or no understanding of the local history, culture, and way of life. They presume that the community is poor and should be grateful for their help. This has led to volunteers behaving in a smug and patronising way. It raises the uncomfortable question of whether these trips are more for the self-satisfaction of the volunteer than the helping of poor communities.

As a volunteer, I couldn’t help feeling ashamed at the excessive praise and thanks we received. I cringed as we took photos with African children whose names we didn’t know. We couldn’t even take full credit for building the houses because most of the work had already been done by community members. In fact, if anything we slowed down the process with our inexperience and clumsiness. And how many schools in richer countries would allow amateur college students to teach their English classes? What had I really done besides inflate my own ego and spruce up my CV? I had stormed into the lives of people I knew nothing about, I barely engaged with them on a genuine level, and worst of all, I then claimed that I had done something of great value for them all in a matter of five days (most of which was spent in hotels, restaurants and airports).

Beware the ‘voluntourists’ doing goodThe volunteer travel industry is thriving but there are better ways to combat poverty than using the developing world as a playground

(3700U20-1A)

7

© WJEC CBAC Ltd.

Text E is adapted from an article in a national newspaper which was written in response to Text D.

In defence of ‘voluntourists’ by Sam Blackledge

Ignore the cynics, charity schemes do great work and can benefit both the volunteers and the communities they serve

The debate about ‘voluntourism’ – that ugly word – has reared its head again. Every so often the spotlight is turned on students from richer countries who use their free time to help those less fortunate in developing countries, and much head-scratching and soul-searching follows.

Recently Somalian blogger Ossob Mohamud wrote an article with the headline Beware the ‘voluntourists’ doing good. Mohamud clearly had a difficult volunteering experience but her insistence on drawing a wider social message from her own unsatisfactory trip is unfair and potentially damaging.

Last summer I visited Uganda to report on the work of East African Playgrounds. The charity recruits British students to build play facilities and run sporting projects for primary school children. In just a few years it has grown to be self-sufficient, employing a team of young Ugandans as builders, to the point where the charity’s British founders will soon be able to step back and let it run itself.

I witnessed the volunteers forming genuine friendships with the locals, developing emotional attachments to the children and truly caring about their futures. Cynics might say that when the volunteers return to Britain they leave the experience behind and life moves on. But for many, volunteering can be life changing.

East African Playgrounds founder Tom Gill admits frustration that many quick-fix ‘gap year’ companies are “built to make the most profit and reduce costs wherever they can” without investing in communities. But, he says, many charities are working hard to counter this.

“Charity is a chance for those who have more than enough to help those who don’t have enough,” he says. “If privileged people stopped volunteering and making donations then what would happen to the work of thousands of charities worldwide? No approach is without its flaws, but it is vital that people do not confuse genuine charities with the companies who are putting very little into the developing world.”

Undergraduates face a stark choice about how to spend their time before entering employment, particularly now that money is tight and jobs are scarce. Charities that invest in the developing world need keen, energetic, ambitious people to help them along. ‘Voluntourists’ they may be – but their work can have a huge impact on their own lives and the lives of those they help. It would be an awful shame if they were put off.