[gcua slu 2014] food wastage and life cycle analysis
TRANSCRIPT
-
8/11/2019 [GCUA SLU 2014] Food Wastage and Life Cycle Analysis
1/50
FOOD WASTE
Mattias ErikssonSwedish University of
Agricultural Sciences
Foto: Anna hnberg
Department of Energy and Technology
-
8/11/2019 [GCUA SLU 2014] Food Wastage and Life Cycle Analysis
2/50
Definitions
-
8/11/2019 [GCUA SLU 2014] Food Wastage and Life Cycle Analysis
3/50
Definitions have large influence
30% waste = All food that could have been eaten if treated different
57% waste = All eatable crops not eaten61% waste = All unneccesary crops not eaten
Examples of otherpossible losses:
Unharvested crops Dead animals Unused land
Lack of efficency
Lundqvist, J., C. de Fraiture and D. Molden. Saving Water: From Field to ForkCurbing Losses and Wastage in the Food Chain. SIWI Policy Brief. SIWI, 2008.
-
8/11/2019 [GCUA SLU 2014] Food Wastage and Life Cycle Analysis
4/50
In the world
-
8/11/2019 [GCUA SLU 2014] Food Wastage and Life Cycle Analysis
5/50
4%
34%
FAO (2011): 1/3 of the food that is
produced for human consumption is lost
-
8/11/2019 [GCUA SLU 2014] Food Wastage and Life Cycle Analysis
6/50
Different causes of losses
Low income countries Rich countries
the food is rejected
PackagingUnbroken cold chainsHigh hygien levelsFast transports
Animals (insects, rodents)
Heat, microorganismsOpen storage
the food is lost
Unplanned purchasesFear of Best-before-datesWe can afford it
Foto: David Ljungberg, SLU Foto: Anna hnberg
-
8/11/2019 [GCUA SLU 2014] Food Wastage and Life Cycle Analysis
7/50
In Sweden
-
8/11/2019 [GCUA SLU 2014] Food Wastage and Life Cycle Analysis
8/50
Official Swedish Food
Waste Data
Sector Wasted quantity (ton) Share (%)
Agriculture ? ?
Food Industry 171 000 16 Retail 67 000 6
Restaurants 127 000 12
School kitchens 30 000 3
Households 674 000 63
Total 1 070 000 100
source: SMED, 2013, http://www.smed.se/avfall/rapporter/rapportserie-smed/2911
-
8/11/2019 [GCUA SLU 2014] Food Wastage and Life Cycle Analysis
9/50
Does the food wastage
matter?
Food: ca 25 % of the
Swedes climate impact
The households discardca 14% of the purchasedweight of foods 7% ofthe food carbon footprint.
http://www.naturvardsverket.se/Documents/publikationer/978-91-620-5903-3.pdf
http://www.slv.se/upload/dokument/rapporter/mat_miljo/2011_livsmedelsverket_4_livsmedelssvinn_i_hushall_och_skolor.pdf
http://www.konsumentforeningenstockholm.se/Global/Konsument%20och%20Milj%c3%b6/Rapporter/Rapport_KfS_Klimatavtryck%20fr%c3%a5n%20hush%c3%a5llens%20matavfall_aug%202009.pdf
-
8/11/2019 [GCUA SLU 2014] Food Wastage and Life Cycle Analysis
10/50
Examples from Swedishsupermarkets
-
8/11/2019 [GCUA SLU 2014] Food Wastage and Life Cycle Analysis
11/50
From quantification to reduction
1. Quantification of waste
2. Identification of causes3. Design of measures
4. Evaluation of measures
-
8/11/2019 [GCUA SLU 2014] Food Wastage and Life Cycle Analysis
12/50
Quantities and hot spots
-
8/11/2019 [GCUA SLU 2014] Food Wastage and Life Cycle Analysis
13/50
-
8/11/2019 [GCUA SLU 2014] Food Wastage and Life Cycle Analysis
14/50
Different units influence resultsAverage waste per store and per year
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
86 ton 1.6 MSEK 130 ton CO2e
Share
fromeachdepartment(%) Cheese
Dairy
Meat
Fresh fruits andvegetables
Deli
-
8/11/2019 [GCUA SLU 2014] Food Wastage and Life Cycle Analysis
15/50
Tomato, sweet pepper and
banana dominates carbon
footprint of F&V dept.
-
8/11/2019 [GCUA SLU 2014] Food Wastage and Life Cycle Analysis
16/50
Minced meat dominates carbon
footprint of meat department
-
8/11/2019 [GCUA SLU 2014] Food Wastage and Life Cycle Analysis
17/50
Causes
-
8/11/2019 [GCUA SLU 2014] Food Wastage and Life Cycle Analysis
18/50
Commonly mentioned causes Short best before dates
Bad orders
Empty shelf not allowed
Unsufficient quality of deliverd goods
Legal requirements
-
8/11/2019 [GCUA SLU 2014] Food Wastage and Life Cycle Analysis
19/50
Banana waste in supermarket 1&2
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
12%
14%
1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47 49 51 53 55 57 59 61 63 65 67 69 71 73 75 77 79 81 83 85 87 89 91 93 95 97 99 101103
Waste(%)
Week (Supermarket 1)
In-store waste Pre-store waste
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
12%
14%
1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47 49 51 53 55 57 59 61 63 65 67 69 71 73 75 77 79 81 83 85 87 89 91 93 95 97 99 101103
Waste(%)
Week (Supermarket 2)
-
8/11/2019 [GCUA SLU 2014] Food Wastage and Life Cycle Analysis
20/50
Seasonal waste (Prins sausage)
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105
W
aste(%)
Week
Sold mostly at Easter, Midsummer and Christmas; 30 days shelf life
-
8/11/2019 [GCUA SLU 2014] Food Wastage and Life Cycle Analysis
21/50
Best before
dates
Turnover
Shelf life
-
8/11/2019 [GCUA SLU 2014] Food Wastage and Life Cycle Analysis
22/50
Measures for reduced retailfood waste
-
8/11/2019 [GCUA SLU 2014] Food Wastage and Life Cycle Analysis
23/50
Proposed target from the Swedish
Environmental Protection Agency:
20% reduction of food waste
from 2010 to 2020
Svinnreducerande tgrder i butikEffekter p kvantitet, ekonomi och klimatpverkan
Mattias Eriksson och Ingrid Strid
rapport 6594 d ecember 2013
Measures for food waste reduction in retail stores- capacities, economy and climate impact
Mattias Eriksson and Ingrid Strid
-
8/11/2019 [GCUA SLU 2014] Food Wastage and Life Cycle Analysis
24/50
Two management strategies:
Reduce the inflow or valorize the waste
Meat
Prevention Valorization
Frozen minced meat
Dairy
Computer aidedordering system
Deli
Cheese
Fruit andvegetables
Waste
management
Charity donations
Second handmarket
Restrictedreclamations
Nocampaigns
-
8/11/2019 [GCUA SLU 2014] Food Wastage and Life Cycle Analysis
25/50
Results for waste reduction
MeasureReduced quantity(%)
Reduced carbon footprint(%)
Restricted reclamations
40
22
Charity donation 35 15Active ordering with forecastsystem
7,0
24
Second hand market for
meat (beef and pork cuts)
1,8
17
Ban on F&V campaigns
0,75
0,44
Frozen minced meat insteadof chilled
0,40 5,3
-
8/11/2019 [GCUA SLU 2014] Food Wastage and Life Cycle Analysis
26/50
If prevention or valorization for
human consumption is not possible,which option comes next?
http://www.epa.gov/epawaste/conserve/smm/images/FoodRpng_700pxw.png -
8/11/2019 [GCUA SLU 2014] Food Wastage and Life Cycle Analysis
27/50
Valorisation of food waste
-
8/11/2019 [GCUA SLU 2014] Food Wastage and Life Cycle Analysis
28/50
Valorisation of food waste
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
banana chicken lettuce beef bread
GWPforWM(kgCO2/kg
FW)
Waste managemanet scenario and type of food wasted
Landfill Incineration Composting Anaerobic digestion Animal feed Donation
-
8/11/2019 [GCUA SLU 2014] Food Wastage and Life Cycle Analysis
29/50
Questions
-
8/11/2019 [GCUA SLU 2014] Food Wastage and Life Cycle Analysis
30/50
Thank you for your attention!
-
8/11/2019 [GCUA SLU 2014] Food Wastage and Life Cycle Analysis
31/50
Life cycle assessment of food
Cecilia Sundberg
-
8/11/2019 [GCUA SLU 2014] Food Wastage and Life Cycle Analysis
32/50
Outline
An environmental engineering perspective on
sustainability Quantifying environmental impacts with LCA
Applying knowledge from LCA
A few words on transition
-
8/11/2019 [GCUA SLU 2014] Food Wastage and Life Cycle Analysis
33/50
Can sustainability be quantified?
timepast now future
sustainability
-
8/11/2019 [GCUA SLU 2014] Food Wastage and Life Cycle Analysis
34/50
Can sustainability be quantified?
timepast now future
sustainability
Defintionof indicator
?
Accuracy
of data
?
Changes inproduction
systems?
Changes in
consumption
patterns?
-
8/11/2019 [GCUA SLU 2014] Food Wastage and Life Cycle Analysis
35/50
Sustainability?
Our life and future, together, on this planet.
We need food and fuel
-
8/11/2019 [GCUA SLU 2014] Food Wastage and Life Cycle Analysis
36/50
Can sustainability be quantified?
timepast now future
sustainability
Defintionof indicator
?
-
8/11/2019 [GCUA SLU 2014] Food Wastage and Life Cycle Analysis
37/50
Multiple dimensions ofsustainability
biodiversity
resource use
climate change
environmental
economic
social phosphorous
fossil fuel
water
-
8/11/2019 [GCUA SLU 2014] Food Wastage and Life Cycle Analysis
38/50
Why life cycle assessment
(LCA)?
-
8/11/2019 [GCUA SLU 2014] Food Wastage and Life Cycle Analysis
39/50
Why LCA? How large are the environmental impacts from
the food sector?
How much can the environmental impacts be
reduced by minimising food waste?
Decision-makers in business and
government need answers!
LCA adresses these questions!
-
8/11/2019 [GCUA SLU 2014] Food Wastage and Life Cycle Analysis
40/50
Life cycle assessment of 1 kg bread
Farming Production
and
packaging
Transports
Emissions
Energy
and
materials
Consumption
http://images.google.se/imgres?imgurl=http://www.hasslefreeclipart.com/clipart_food/bread_loaf.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.hasslefreeclipart.com/clipart_food/page1.html&h=267&w=362&sz=7&tbnid=M6YXrxqKisO3QM:&tbnh=86&tbnw=117&hl=sv&start=1&prev=/images?q=clipart+bread&svnum=10&hl=sv&lr=http://images.google.se/imgres?imgurl=http://www.tailspinstudio.com/clipart/images/Factory.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.tailspinstudio.com/clipart/things.htm&h=197&w=242&sz=6&tbnid=LEOhV2HMmQF22M:&tbnh=85&tbnw=105&hl=sv&start=5&prev=/images?q=clipart+factory&svnum=10&hl=sv&lr=http://images.google.se/imgres?imgurl=http://www.abheritage.ca/abnature/environmental/graphics/waste_clip.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.abheritage.ca/abnature/environmental/waste_reduction.htm&h=97&w=115&sz=2&tbnid=UwmZ197K2kDNVM:&tbnh=69&tbnw=82&hl=sv&start=51&prev=/images?q=clipart+waste&start=40&svnum=10&hl=sv&lr=&sa=Nhttp://images.google.se/imgres?imgurl=http://www.hasslefreeclipart.com/clipart_food/bread_loaf.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.hasslefreeclipart.com/clipart_food/page1.html&h=267&w=362&sz=7&tbnid=M6YXrxqKisO3QM:&tbnh=86&tbnw=117&hl=sv&start=1&prev=/images?q=clipart+bread&svnum=10&hl=sv&lr= -
8/11/2019 [GCUA SLU 2014] Food Wastage and Life Cycle Analysis
41/50
Phases in LCA
Wikimedia Commons
-
8/11/2019 [GCUA SLU 2014] Food Wastage and Life Cycle Analysis
42/50
Can sustainability be quantified?
timepast now future
sustainability
Accuracy
of data
?
-
8/11/2019 [GCUA SLU 2014] Food Wastage and Life Cycle Analysis
43/50
Climate impact of food
60 80 100 120 140 160 180 2000
0.005
0.01
0.015
0.02
0.025
0.03
Potato CF (g CO2e per kg)
Densityofdata
95 % of all results
Rs, Sundberg & Hansson 2010, Int J LCA
-
8/11/2019 [GCUA SLU 2014] Food Wastage and Life Cycle Analysis
44/50
gCO2eperkg
potatoes
Rs, Sundberg & Hansson 2010, Int J LCA
-
8/11/2019 [GCUA SLU 2014] Food Wastage and Life Cycle Analysis
45/50
Then what
how can LCA data be used?
-
8/11/2019 [GCUA SLU 2014] Food Wastage and Life Cycle Analysis
46/50
How can LCA data be used?
Guiding research priorities
Choice of waste treatment methodology Diets environment and nutrition
Future scenarios
-
8/11/2019 [GCUA SLU 2014] Food Wastage and Life Cycle Analysis
47/50
Guiding research priorities
Identifying knowledge gaps
Rs, Sundberg & Hansson 2010, Int J LCA
-
8/11/2019 [GCUA SLU 2014] Food Wastage and Life Cycle Analysis
48/50
From production to consumption- from foods to diets
environment
health
-
8/11/2019 [GCUA SLU 2014] Food Wastage and Life Cycle Analysis
49/50
References
On Waste management in Uganda: Allan Kommakech,PhD thesis to be published in October 2014
http://epsilon.slu.se Organic Production and climate change
http://www.slu.se/Documents/externwebben/centrumbildningar-projekt/epok/Publikationer/Klimatsyntes-
broshyr-webb-eng.pdf Rs, Karlsson, Witthft, Sundberg, Evaluating the
sustainability of diets combining environmental andnutritional aspects. Submitted manuscript
http://epsilon.slu.se/http://www.slu.se/Documents/externwebben/centrumbildningar-projekt/epok/Publikationer/Klimatsyntes-broshyr-webb-eng.pdfhttp://www.slu.se/Documents/externwebben/centrumbildningar-projekt/epok/Publikationer/Klimatsyntes-broshyr-webb-eng.pdfhttp://www.slu.se/Documents/externwebben/centrumbildningar-projekt/epok/Publikationer/Klimatsyntes-broshyr-webb-eng.pdfhttp://www.slu.se/Documents/externwebben/centrumbildningar-projekt/epok/Publikationer/Klimatsyntes-broshyr-webb-eng.pdfhttp://www.slu.se/Documents/externwebben/centrumbildningar-projekt/epok/Publikationer/Klimatsyntes-broshyr-webb-eng.pdfhttp://www.slu.se/Documents/externwebben/centrumbildningar-projekt/epok/Publikationer/Klimatsyntes-broshyr-webb-eng.pdfhttp://www.slu.se/Documents/externwebben/centrumbildningar-projekt/epok/Publikationer/Klimatsyntes-broshyr-webb-eng.pdfhttp://www.slu.se/Documents/externwebben/centrumbildningar-projekt/epok/Publikationer/Klimatsyntes-broshyr-webb-eng.pdfhttp://www.slu.se/Documents/externwebben/centrumbildningar-projekt/epok/Publikationer/Klimatsyntes-broshyr-webb-eng.pdfhttp://www.slu.se/Documents/externwebben/centrumbildningar-projekt/epok/Publikationer/Klimatsyntes-broshyr-webb-eng.pdfhttp://www.slu.se/Documents/externwebben/centrumbildningar-projekt/epok/Publikationer/Klimatsyntes-broshyr-webb-eng.pdfhttp://www.slu.se/Documents/externwebben/centrumbildningar-projekt/epok/Publikationer/Klimatsyntes-broshyr-webb-eng.pdfhttp://www.slu.se/Documents/externwebben/centrumbildningar-projekt/epok/Publikationer/Klimatsyntes-broshyr-webb-eng.pdfhttp://www.slu.se/Documents/externwebben/centrumbildningar-projekt/epok/Publikationer/Klimatsyntes-broshyr-webb-eng.pdfhttp://www.slu.se/Documents/externwebben/centrumbildningar-projekt/epok/Publikationer/Klimatsyntes-broshyr-webb-eng.pdfhttp://www.slu.se/Documents/externwebben/centrumbildningar-projekt/epok/Publikationer/Klimatsyntes-broshyr-webb-eng.pdfhttp://www.slu.se/Documents/externwebben/centrumbildningar-projekt/epok/Publikationer/Klimatsyntes-broshyr-webb-eng.pdfhttp://www.slu.se/Documents/externwebben/centrumbildningar-projekt/epok/Publikationer/Klimatsyntes-broshyr-webb-eng.pdfhttp://www.slu.se/Documents/externwebben/centrumbildningar-projekt/epok/Publikationer/Klimatsyntes-broshyr-webb-eng.pdfhttp://www.slu.se/Documents/externwebben/centrumbildningar-projekt/epok/Publikationer/Klimatsyntes-broshyr-webb-eng.pdfhttp://www.slu.se/Documents/externwebben/centrumbildningar-projekt/epok/Publikationer/Klimatsyntes-broshyr-webb-eng.pdfhttp://www.slu.se/Documents/externwebben/centrumbildningar-projekt/epok/Publikationer/Klimatsyntes-broshyr-webb-eng.pdfhttp://www.slu.se/Documents/externwebben/centrumbildningar-projekt/epok/Publikationer/Klimatsyntes-broshyr-webb-eng.pdfhttp://www.slu.se/Documents/externwebben/centrumbildningar-projekt/epok/Publikationer/Klimatsyntes-broshyr-webb-eng.pdfhttp://www.slu.se/Documents/externwebben/centrumbildningar-projekt/epok/Publikationer/Klimatsyntes-broshyr-webb-eng.pdfhttp://epsilon.slu.se/ -
8/11/2019 [GCUA SLU 2014] Food Wastage and Life Cycle Analysis
50/50
Conclusion?
LCA of agricultural systems
Gives one important perspective on sustainability of society
Can inform about environmental impacts of production - innumbers
Is crucial for decisions about technical systems, production and
consumption
The decision-makers dream: condensing all information toa single number
The scientistsjob: interpreting all the numbers and
combining them to useful information