GENDER BASED VIOLENCE

AGAINST ADOLESCENT WOMEN

IN SPAIN: Restorative Justice as

an Alternative to Criminal

Procedure

Ana Beltrán Montoliu

Universitat Jaume I, Castellón, SpainEuropean Forum for Restorative Justice- 10th International Conference: Expanding

the Restorative Imagination, Restorative justice between realities and visions in Europe and beyond, 16 June 11.30-13.00 PW VI, BOGDANI

“La tutela procesal de las víctimas de la violencia de género: El Estatuto de la víctima del delito” (Código:DER2015-64506-C2-2-R), financiado por el Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad - Modalidad 1: Proyectosde I+D+I del Programa estatal de investigación. IP: Andrea Planchadell Gargallo

CONTENTS

I. OVERVIEW

II. VICTIM

III. RESTORATIVE JUSTICE

Castellón de la Plana Population: 170.000

15 cases GENDER VIOLENCE- JUVENILE SYSTEM

I. OVERVIEW

WHAT ?

FACTS AND

FIGURES

CONCEPTLEGAL

FRAMEWORK

HOW TO FIGHT VIOLENCE

AGAINST WOMEN?

FACTS

1. Psychological

violence: controllingbehaviours

2. Psychological

violence: emotional

abuse

3. Economic violence

4. Physical violence

5. Sexual violence

FIGURES

27.4 % YOUNG PEOPLE (15-29 YEARS) BELIEVE THAT GENDER

VIOLENCE IS "NORMAL BEHAVIOR" IN A COUPLE

48% YOUNG OFFENDERS TRIED

25 % REPORTING GENDER VIOLENCE YOUNG GIRLS

21% WOMEN (16-24 years) has sufferedcontrolling behaviours (9,6% other ages)

50 % VICTIMS (14-18 years) physcological

assistance

CONCEPT

GENDER VIOLENCE

• VIOLENCE EXERCISED BY A MEN AGAINST WOMEN BY THEIR PRESENT OR

FORMER SPOUSES OR BY MEN WITWHOM THEY MAINTAIN OR HAVE

MAINTAINED ANALOGOUS AFFECTIVE RELATIONS, WH ITH OR WITHOUT

COHABITATION

DOMESTIC VIOLENCE

• OTHER VICTIMS ART. 173 .2 Penal Code

LEGAL FRAMEWORK

ORGANIC ACT REGULATING THE

CRIMINAL RESPONSIBILITY OF

MINORS,

5/2000, January 12th

ORGANIC ACT OF PROTECTION

MEASURES AGAINST GENDER VIOLENCE, 1/2004, December

28th

LAW 4/2015, of 27 APRIL, ON THE STANDING OF

VICTIMS OF CRIME

HOW TO FIGHT AGAINST GV?

• Education

• Advertesing+ Media

• Health Measures ( Doctors+ Nurses)

EXTRAJUDICIAL MEASURES

• Penal Code

• Procedural Issues:

• Violence Against Women Court (civil+ criminal jurisdiction matters)

• Juvenile Courts

JUDICIAL MEASURES

EDUCATION-ADVERTISING

STEREOTYPES:

Girls= like

Boys= succeed

EQUALITY:

Culture

Sports

Arts

Job, etc

WORLD MOVEMENTS: #Metoo

JUDICIAL MEASURES

COURT PROCEEDINGS

OUT-OF COURT PROCEEDINGS

• Gender Violence≠ Mediation (adults)

• Practical Guide for Intra-Judicial Mediation2016, General Council of Judicial Power

• Juvenile System, between (14-18 years)

II. VICTIM

GENERAL OVERVIEW

• COMPLAINTS

• TESTIMONYCONTROVERSIAL

ISSUES

GENERAL OVERVIEW

• WHERE HAPPENS?

•COUPLE INTIMACY

•NO WITNESS (FAMILY)

•MEN SUPERIORITY ROLE –RELATIONSHIP

•AFFECTIVE -INTIMATE RELATIONSHIP

•VICTIM´S TESTIMONYVERSUS

•OFFENDER´S TESTIMONY

EVIDENCE

CONTROVERSIAL ISSUES

1. FORMAL COMPLAINTS

2. VICTIM TESTIMONY

1. COMPLAINT DEATH VICTIMS (NO REPORTING) (Last 5

years 20-30%)

2. VICTIM TESTIMONY

• Absence of Subjective Inscredibility

• Persistence in the Incrimination

• Testimony must be plausible

A) GUIDING CRITERIA

B) Art 416 Criminal ProcedureAct (testimonial privilege)

III. RESTORATIVE JUSTICE

PREVENTION

• Cyclical ladder

• For a SocietyFree of gender-based violence

POSSIBILITIES

• A) OUT-OF COURT PROCEEDINGS

• B) POST JUDGEMENT

Control- Friends, aesthetics (dressing), social networks, mobile pone

Isolation –Friends, Hobbies, Family

Emotional blackmail+ Blaming

Sexual agression under false consent

Depreciation, humiliating treatment and insulting

Intimidating

Initial physical assault

Threats

Sexual assault

Severe Physical violence

Source: Escalera cíclica de la violencia de

género en los adolescentes, study 'Voces

tras los datos: una mirada cualitativa a la

violencia de género en adolescentes', de

Carmen Ruiz Repullo and Instituto Andaluz

de la Mujer. “La historia de Pepa y Pepe”

FROG´S EXAMPLE

OFFENSES

STALKING

(Art. 172 ter PC)

SEXTING

(Art. 197.7 PC)

ABUSE (Art. 153.1 PC)

THREATENING (Art. 171.4 PC)

PRIVACY

(Art. 197.1 PC)

A) OUT-OF-COURT

PROCEEDINGS (art. 19 LO 5/2000)

PROSECUTOR DISMISSAL

• Facts

• Offender´s Personal circunstances (age, offense, etc)

CONDITIONS:

• No violence offense

• Offender acknowledgement + Apology

• Victim´s Reparation

MEDIATION: TECHNICAL YOUTH PROSECUTION TEAM

AGREEMNET ENFORCEMENT

• + No trial

• - Trial

B) POST-JUDGEMENT (art. 51 LO 5/2000)

• REPLACEMENT OF PENALTY

• OTHER POSSIBILITIES JUVENILE

JUDGE:

• LISTEN PROSECUTION, TECHNICAL TEAM+OTHER PARTIES INVOLVED

• JUDICIAL DECISION

CONDITIONS:

FINAL REMARKS

1.- VICTIM PROTECTION FROM DIFFERENT

PERSPECTIVES

2.- GENDER VIOLENCE BETWEEN

YOUNG=CONTROLLING BEHAVIOURS

MEDIATION

3.- CHANGE IN THE SEXIST CULTURE OF

SOCIETY

Micro machismos