Gender-Based Violence (GBV)

Assessment and Service Mapping for

MCSP- supported facilities in

Kogi and Ebonyi States, Nigeria.

Final Report –September, 2017

Authors:

Chioma Oduenyi

Joyce Igwebuike

Anuli Nwosu

Emenike Azie

1 | P a g e

Table of Contents Table of Figures ............................................................................................................................................. 2

List of Tables ................................................................................................................................................. 2

Acknowledgements ....................................................................................................................................... 3

Acronyms and Abbreviations ........................................................................................................................ 4

1.0. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................... 6

2.0. INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................................... 9

3.0. OBJECTIVES .......................................................................................................................................... 11

4.0. METHODS ............................................................................................................................................. 11

4.1. Site selection ........................................................................................................................................ 11

4.2. Respondents ........................................................................................................................................ 12

4.4. Data Collection ..................................................................................................................................... 12

4.5. Data Analysis ........................................................................................................................................ 13

4.6. Limitations............................................................................................................................................ 13

5.0. MAJOR FINDINGS ................................................................................................................................. 14

5.1. Knowledge and perception of GBV ...................................................................................................... 14

5.2. Common forms of GBV occurring in the community ........................................................................... 16

5.3. GBV Policies and laws .......................................................................................................................... 19

5.4. Post-GBV care provided at the health facilities ................................................................................... 20

5.5. Current GBV programs and services .................................................................................................... 22

5.5.1. Oversight and Implementation of GBV Activities in the states ........................................................ 22

5.5.2. GBV Activities by other government agencies .................................................................................. 24

5.5.3. GBV Activities by other non-governmental organizations (CBOs, CSOs, FBOs)................................ 24

5.5.4. Health: ............................................................................................................................................... 25

5.5.5. Long-term psychosocial support: ...................................................................................................... 25

5.5.6. Legal services: ................................................................................................................................... 26

5.5.7. Law enforcement: ............................................................................................................................. 26

5.5.8. Safe house/shelter: ........................................................................................................................... 28

5.5.9. Community mobilization and advocacy: ........................................................................................... 28

5.5.10. Capacity of Service Providers to provide post-GBV care: ............................................................... 28

2 | P a g e

5.6. Referral organizations .......................................................................................................................... 29

6.0. Challenges ............................................................................................................................................ 33

7.0. Recommendations ............................................................................................................................... 33

8.0. Conclusion ............................................................................................................................................ 34

9.0. Next steps ............................................................................................................................................ 34

10.0. Annexes ....................................................................................................................................... 35

10.1. Photo gallery ............................................................................................................................... 35

Table of Figures Fig.5.2a: Common types of GBV occurring in the community .................................................................... 16

Fig. 5.2b common form of GBV in the community as reported by service providers (Kogi) ..................... 17

Fig. 5.2c: Common form of GBV in the community as reported by service providers (Ebonyi) ................. 18

Fig. 5.3: Usage of GBV Policy ....................................................................................................................... 19

Fig. 5.4a: Post-GBV care given at the health facilities ................................................................................ 20

.................................................................................................................................................................... 21

Fig. 5.6a: Target population covered by the NGO referral organizations ................................................... 29

Fig. 5.6b: Type of Referral Organizations Kogi and Ebonyi ......................................................................... 29

Fig.5.6c: Number of cases seen in the past year by the referral organizations .......................................... 30

Fig 5.6d. Source of funding for referral organizations ................................................................................ 30

Fig. 5.6e: Strategies used in identifying Survivors ...................................................................................... 31

List of Tables Table 4.1: Type of health facilities visited ................................................................................................... 12

Table. 5.1a: Knowledge of GBV among service providers by level of facilities: Kogi.................................. 14

Table 5.1b: Knowledge of GBV among service providers by level of facilities: Ebonyi .............................. 14

Table 5.1c: GBV knowledge among service providers: Comparing Kogi and Ebonyi states ....................... 15

Table 5.4: Health facility OICs’ responses on the category of GBV survivors (age group) ......................... 21

Table 5.5: Summary of GBV referral services available in Ebonyi & Kogi ................................................... 22

3 | P a g e

Acknowledgements

The authors of this report would like to acknowledge the MCSP Abuja team for the opportunity

to work on this project and the Ebonyi and Kogi state teams for the tremendous work done in

planning a seamless field assessment. Special thanks goes to the State Ministry of Health and

Ministry of Women Affairs and Social Development in both States, the various LGAs, the health

facility Service Providers, NGOs and various community leaders who agreed to meet with us

despite a short notice.

4 | P a g e

Acronyms and Abbreviations

AYON Association for OVC NGOs in Nigeria

CBO Community Based Organization

CLAP Community Life Advancement Project

CNO Chief Nursing Officer

CSO Civil Service Organization

DACA Diocesan Action Committee on AIDS

DCI Dual Care & HIV Prevention Initiative

ED Executive Director

FBO Faith Based Organization

FGM Female Genital Mutilation

GBV Gender Based Violence

GH General Hospital

HF Health facility

HIV Human immunodeficiency virus

IEC Information, education, and communication

I/C In-charge

KHAN Kindling Hope Across Nations Initiative

KONGONET Kogi Non-Government Organization Network

IPV Intimate partner violence

LGA Local Government Area

MCSP Maternal & Child Survival Program

NAPTIP National Agency for the Prohibition of Trafficking in Persons

NGO Non-governmental organization

5 | P a g e

NPF Nigerian Police Force

NSCDC National Security & Civil Defense Corps

NTA National Television Authority

OIC Officer-in-charge

OVC Orphans & vulnerable children

PEP Post-exposure prophylaxis

PHC Primary Health Center

PPFP Post-partum Family Planning

PIBCID Participation Initiative for Behavioral Change in Development

PRO Public Relations Officer

RMNCAH Reproductive, maternal, neonatal, child and adolescent health

SMILE Sustainable Mechanism for Improved Livelihood & Household Empowerment

SMLAS Safe Motherhood Ladies’ Association

SMOH State Ministry of Health

SMOWASD State Ministry of Women Affairs & Social Development

STD Sexually transmitted disease

WHO World Health Organization

6 | P a g e

1.0. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

In a bid to strengthen the health system’s response to GBV, MCSP carried out a rapid assessment

to determine the availability of GBV prevention and response mechanisms, perceptions and

knowledge of GBV among health workers. Also a service mapping of available GBV referral

services within and around target communities was done to establish whether and where referral

services exists or not in both states.

Field assessments were carried out over a period of 10 days in 30 MCSP supported health facilities

selected in Ebonyi and Kogi states based on client load and equitable geographical spread. Key

informant interviews were conducted with key persons in the State Ministry of Women Affairs

and Social Development (SMOWASD), State Ministry of Health (SMOH) and Local Government

Areas (LGAs), Heads of Community Based Organizations (CBOs) and Faith Based Organizations

(FBOs), gender officers in legal and law-enforcement agencies, officers’-in- charge of health

facilities and community heads. A total of 63 respondents (25 female/38males) in Kogi State and

78(54 females/24males) respondents in Ebonyi State were interviewed.

Knowledge and Perception of GBV: Findings showed that stakeholders were generally aware of GBV issues including existence of

national and state laws on GBV. Nevertheless, there was evidence of limited knowledge on GBV

prevention and response strategies. Health service providers interviewed in both states had a

fair knowledge of GBV (57% in Ebonyi and 44% in Kogi), and knowledge seemed to increase with

the higher level health facilities (secondary and tertiary).

Common Forms of GBV The service providers (42% in Ebonyi and 44% in Kogi) reported rape as the most common form

of GBV occurring in the surrounding community and affecting more female minors in Ebonyi and

adult females in Kogi. The next commonest type of GBV reported by the health facilities was

intimate partner violence (IPV). FGM was more popular in Ebonyi (than Kogi) as a cultural practice

and type of GBV, though practice was said to be minimal in recent times.

The Media Interview with National Television Authority (NTA) in Ebonyi revealed that the media plays a

crucial role in the sensitization on FGM as they had produced documentaries on FGM funded by

UNICEF, UNFPA and Child Protection Network.

7 | P a g e

GBV Disclosure by Survivors and capacity of health workers to provide post-GBV care

GBV disclosure by survivors appeared to be very low as well as the rate of help seeking. When

survivors present at health facilities, most health providers provide medical care for physical

injuries without referrals or linkages to other services as there is no strong referral pathway

between the social welfare and the health facilities. Though there is low level of reporting of

cases both for healthcare and law-enforcement, there are huge gaps in existing knowledge base

and infrastructure for prevention and response of GBV in both states. Health providers were

found to generally lack the capacity to provide basic first-line support to GBV survivors as very

few service providers were aware of, or ever referred GBV survivors to referral services. Most

health workers have never received any form of training on gender-based violence.

One of the deficits for post-GBV response identified in both states is the lack of a state-owned

emergency shelter for GBV survivors, though a couple of organizations run safe houses. The social

welfare units of the LGAs (situated in the LG councils) in both states are poorly funded and ill-

equipped to carry out GBV-supportive functions and difficult to access by far away communities.

Oversight and Implementation of GBV Activities in the states

The State Ministry of Health (SMOH), oversees GBV activities while the State Ministry of Women

Affairs and Social Development (SMOWASD) is responsible for implementation. However the

Gender focal persons in the ministries in both states seemed not to have much responsibilities

concerning GBV matters as most information were given by the Directors. In Ebonyi, the

SMOWASD and Ebonyi State Community and Social Development Project performed GBV-related

activities such as providing seed grants for women, community mobilization and skills acquisition.

In Kogi State, most GBV-related activities in the SMOWASD were on hold due to lack of funds.

GBV Activities by other government agencies:

The Nigerian Police Force and National Security and Civil Defense Corps (NSCDC) handled mostly

Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) and rape of minors. The National Agency for the Prohibition of

Trafficking in Persons (NAPTIP) catered for trafficked persons by offering rehabilitation and re-

integration. The officers interviewed had just fair knowledge of GBV and associated laws and

policies as cases were handled by alternative dispute resolution or prosecution by law. Financial

constraints, weak laws and stigmatization were mentioned as barriers to performing their GBV

functions and solicited that partnership with donor organizations would augment their efforts.

8 | P a g e

GBV Activities by non-governmental organizations (CSOs, CBOs and FBOs)

There was high level of awareness of both national and state levels GBV-related laws among

CSOs, CBOs and FBOs that handle women and child right issues, in both states. Ebonyi has a

legislation against GBV called Ebonyi State Protection against Domestic Violence Law, 2005. Kogi

state on the other hand, is still in the process of domesticating the Violence against Persons

Prohibition (VAPP, 2015) Act. There was however, a higher rate of usage of GBV policies and

guidelines among the organizations in Kogi (70%) than Ebonyi (21%). Most organizations visited

were found to be performing more than one GBV referral service but majorly focusing on

community mobilization and advocacy with a very minimal combination of other functions such

as psychosocial counselling, social integration, economic empowerment, legal and law

enforcement services for post-GBV survivors. However, where these services or functions exists,

they are located in urban areas which makes it very difficult for GBV survivors to access due to

distance and transportation costs from community of abode where the health facilities are

situated. It is worth noting that the few services available through some NGOs are mostly

international donor driven and-dependent portending huge funding gaps for post-GBV care.

Conclusion This rapid assessment and service mapping provides strong evidence on the total absence of

systematic strategies on GBV prevention and response in both Ebonyi and Kogi States health

systems. Essential services required to effectively provide post-GBV care at health facilities are

conspicuously non-existent. Social services which are widely informed by SMoWASD to be

available in every LGA through the social welfare offices, were found to be erratic and skeletal.

At the SMoWASD, designated gender officers did not seem to be in the know of GBV activities in

the state as poor coordination between themselves and their Directors was evident. There is a

need to link the few existing GBV referral services to the health facilities through engagements

with the service providers and non-governmental organizations, legal and law-enforcement

agencies. There is need for sustained capacity-building for service providers on the provision of

basic first-line support to GBV survivors at the health facility level. Massive sensitization on GBV

prevention should be carried out at all levels including communities. Finally, there is strong need

to advocate to government for the establishment of routine post-GBV care services at health

facilities by establishing avenues or mechanisms where GBV survivors can access services for

healthcare and other social services beyond health on a routine basis.

9 | P a g e

2.0. INTRODUCTION

The Maternal and Child Survival Program (MCSP) works to improve the quality and utilization of

maternal, newborn, child and adolescent health interventions including PPFP and addresses

gender-related barriers that affect service uptake within healthcare facilities in Kogi and Ebonyi

states. One of MCSP’s targeted interventions include strengthening post-GBV care services at

selected MCSP supported health facilities.

Gender Based Violence (GBV), a growing public health and human right problem both globally

and in Nigeria affect women and girls mostly as about 1 in 3 women are said to have ever

experienced a form of GBV1. In Nigeria, acts of violence against women cut across religion, social

class and ethnic groups and some Nigerian traditions harmful to women include female genital

mutilation, widowhood rites, forced or early marriage2. Other forms of violence against women

that exist are intimate partner violence (IPV), rape, child abuse, trafficking of women and girls,

economic violence, psychological or emotional violence, etc.

IPV is said to be the commonest and most pervasive form of GBV in Nigeria1. Though several

small-scale researches have been carried out in different regions, there is paucity of data to

determine state-specific prevalence of IPV. Female genital mutilation is widely practiced in

southern Nigeria with Ebonyi state having the second highest number of females circumcised

(74%) while Kogi has one of the lowest around 1%1.

Despite strong evidence showing a rising trend of gender-based violence (GBV) in Nigerian

communities, the act remains shrouded in secrecy and the silence surrounding GBV in Nigeria

contributes to the poor reporting of cases and even when reported, there is lack of appropriate

mechanisms to effectively respond to survivors needs. The health facility has been described as

most often the first point of call for GBV survivors, however service providers were found to be

poorly trained and equipped with referral services to respond to GBV survivors appropriately.

1 National Population Council (NPC) (2014). Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey 2013. Abuja, Nigeria 2 Country Information and Guidance. Nigeria: Women fearing gender-based harm or violence. Version 2.0. August 2016. Available at https://www.google.com.ng/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.ecoi.net/file_upload/ 3 Abayomi, A.A. & Kolawole, T.O. (2013). American Journal of Sociological Research 3(3), 53-60. DOI: 10.5923/J.20130303.01 4 Federal Ministry of Women and Social Development (FMWASD, 2015). National Guidelines and Referral Standards on Gender Based Violence in Nigeria

10 | P a g e

Beyond commonly cited barriers that hinder the uptake of available health services, non-

existence of routine post-GBV care poses a great risk in the delivery of quality healthcare to

women and children in Ebonyi and Kogi States. WHO global plan for action advocates for and

encourages member states to strengthen the role of the health system through multi-sectoral

response, in order to effectively respond to violence against women and children.

Ongoing efforts in the country to respond to GBV include passage of the Violence against Persons

Prohibition Act, increased social and legislative advocacy, establishment of gender and family

units in the police, advocating for male participation and provision of support services by NGOs4.

Many affected persons are reluctant to seek care due to lack of positive response from the

society. In addition to shame, fear and stigmatization, GBV survivors also suffer due to poverty

and economic dependence on men, who may be the perpetrators of violence3. Despite ongoing

efforts to protect women and girls from GBV in Nigeria, post-GBV care is still inadequate. The

health facility has been found to be the first point of call for GBV survivors however, health staff

who attend to GBV survivors may not be aware of the long-lasting physical, emotional and

psychosocial problems these survivors face or do not know how else to respond beyond medical

care. According to the National Guidelines and Referral Standards on GBV, there ought to be a

clearly outlined range of post-GBV services that are linked to healthcare facilities4. It is therefore

needful to identify organizations and agencies providing GBV care and collaborate with them, in

order to provide a seamless referral pathway for GBV survivors.

MCSP engaged three (3) consultants (1 lead consultant and 1 per state) to assess, identify and

highlight GBV-related needs in thirty (30) MCSP supported health facilities in Kogi and Ebonyi

States and their surrounding communities respectively; and also develop a referral directory for

GBV referral services under the thematic areas below:

Social support services

Emergency shelter

Legal counsel

Long-term psychosocial support

Economic empowerment

Law enforcement/Police services

11 | P a g e

3.0. OBJECTIVES

The overall objective of the assessment was to understand the GBV situation, prevention and

response strategies in Kogi and Ebonyi states, and to develop a referral directory for selected 30

MSCP-supported health facilities.

The following were the specific objectives of the assessment and service mapping:

Identify and document GBV knowledge and perception of stakeholder

Assess current prevention and response activities within Kogi and Ebonyi States

Highlight post-GBV care needs at the health facilities

Map existing GBV services in and around the MCSP focal communities and develop a

GBV referral directory for each state

4.0. METHODS

A rapid assessment of GBV was conducted using qualitative and quantitative methods. A

purposive sampling procedure was used to select respondents by convenience. This activity

lasted from 3rd-25th July, 2017. Two days of planning meetings were held from 3rd-5th July and a

detailed plan for field work was presented to MCSP technical team on 7th July at JHPIEGO office,

Abuja. The 10-day field visit held from 10th-21st July in both Kogi and Ebonyi States. Upon arrival

at the states, the State Project Associates and State Improvement Coordinators coordinated the

selection of 30 health facilities to be visited, which was based on client load and an equitable

geographical spread using the instrumentality of the state-based senatorial zones in each state.

4.1. Site selection

Thirty (30) health facilities were selected in each state with guidance from the MCSP State teams.

10 facilities were selected per senatorial zone and the criteria for selection was high volume

(patient load) and easy-to-access facilities. A total of 30 health facilities and 27 health facilities

(out of 30) were visited in Ebonyi and Kogi respectively. Inability to reach all 30 health facilities

was due to time constraint and travel distance required to access those facilities. The 3 facilities

that were not reached were inaccessible even via phone as their contact phone numbers were

switched off. Kogi State had more of secondary facilities in the sample than Ebonyi were mostly

primary health facilities. See table 5.1.

12 | P a g e

Table 4.1: Type of health facilities visited

FACILITY TYPE KOGI (n=27) EBONYI (n=30)

PRIMARY 10 (37%) 19 (63%)

SECONDARY 14 (52%) 10 (33%)

TERTIARY 3 (11%) 1 (3%)

4.2. Respondents

A total of 63 respondents (25 female/38males) in Kogi State and 78(54 females/24males)

respondents in Ebonyi State were interviewed. The respondents include:

Key informants at the SMOWASD, SMOH and LGA councils

Service providers at MCSP-supported health facilities

Contact persons at identified government and non-governmental organizations with GBV-

related function

Community leaders

4.3. Assessment Tools

Semi-structured questionnaires were developed and used for key informant interviews for

selected state and local government officers, health facility heads and heads of organizations

performing GBV referral functions or services. The tools for assessing health facility staff were

pre-tested prior to the field visit at National Hospital, Abuja and findings were incorporated and

the tool finalized for the assessment.

4.4. Data Collection

Quantitative and qualitative data were collected by the three (3) Consultants using face-to-face

interviews. The qualitative data were tape recorded and interviewers also took note of the

interactions which served as backups for the tape recording. Few respondents were not available

and had to be interviewed on the phone. Questions were asked to assess GBV knowledge and

perception, available GBV services and needs. Contextual information was also gathered from

community leaders who provided detailed information on GBV situation within their

communities. Names of referral organizations providing GBV services were gotten from the

13 | P a g e

SMOWASD, the state umbrella body for NGOs and from some organizations interviewed. The

inclusion criteria for selection of referral organizations in the referral directory were:

Organizations with women and children as their target group,

Those registered with either the state NGO umbrella body or SMOWASD and

Organizations with a post-GBV referral service as part of their core functions (including

legal and law-enforcement agencies).

Exclusion criteria were community social clubs and political groups. Twenty one (21)

organizations were chosen in Ebonyi, excluding three (3), while 20 were chosen in Kogi excluding

two (2). *Organizations without contact offices or functional phone contacts were also excluded.

4.5. Data Analysis Responses were transcribed from recordings and field notes and content analysis done to code

responses across different categories of respondents, groups, and the two states. Bivariate

analysis and simple frequencies were used for comparisons between the two states.

4.6. Limitations

Difficulty in meeting with government officials due to non-payment of staff salaries in

Kogi State, as some offices had to be visited up to 3 times before interviews could be

conducted. Also the MNCH week coincided with the 2nd week of the field work and some

health workers and State Ministry officers could not be seen physically.

Difficult-to-access sites. Due to the limited number of days assigned for field activity and

the long list of interviews to be conducted, facility visits were clustered according to

geographical locations. But travel time to some sites was as much as 8 hours to and fro

and upon arrival, health facility staff would have closed for the day and had to be

interviewed on the phone. Also, terrains that were extremely difficult to assess were

interviewed by telephone.

14 | P a g e

5.0. MAJOR FINDINGS

5.1. Knowledge and perception of GBV

To measure respondent’s knowledge of GBV, interviewers sought to know whether they had

directly managed any cases, been involved in a GBV sensitization/course or if any GBV-related

programs were operational in respondent communities. GBV was defined and described to

respondents and they were asked to state if they have been involved in managing such situations

before. Very clear knowledge of GBV based on the description above scored (very good), clear

knowledge of GBV scored (good), limited knowledge of GBV scored (fair), no knowledge of GBV

at all scored (poor). GBV knowledge was also found to be increased with facility type as the

primary health facilities had the least knowledge followed by the secondary health facilities and

the tertiary facilities. See Table 5.1a&b.

“I have heard about this gender of a thing because I know a man working with KHAN that usually

goes to the neighboring PHC to collect data”- OIC, PHC Ayede

Table. 5.1a: Knowledge of GBV among service providers by level of facilities: Kogi

GBV KNOWLEDGE AMONG

SERVICE PROVIDERS

PRIMARY SECONDARY TERTIARY

POOR 2 (7%)

FAIR 7 (26%) 3 (11%)

GOOD 1 (4%) 9 (33%) 1(4%)

VERY GOOD 2 (7%) 2 (7%)

Table 5.1b: Knowledge of GBV among service providers by level of facilities: Ebonyi

GBV KNOWLEDGE AMONG

SERVICE PROVIDERS

PRIMARY SECONDARY TERTIARY

POOR 3 (10%) 3 (10%)

FAIR 12 (40%) 4 (13%)

GOOD 4 (13%) 3 (10%)

VERY GOOD 1 (7%)

15 | P a g e

Table 5.1c: GBV knowledge among service providers: Comparing Kogi and Ebonyi states

GBV KNOWLEDGE AMONG

SERVICE PROVIDERS

EBONYI KOGI

VERY GOOD 1 (3%) 2 (8%)

GOOD 6 (20%) 11 (41%)

FAIR 17 (57%) 12 (44%)

POOR 6 (20%) 2 (8%)

In a chat with the medical director at GH, Idah he said “it is not culturally acceptable here for a

doctor [man] to ask a woman if her husband beat her...” GBV cases especially IPV are perceived

as ‘family matters’ and not requiring unnecessary intrusion from outsiders.

Respondents in both states also cited religious beliefs and inability of some men to cater for their

families due to recent economic conditions as pre-disposing factors exacerbating GBV

prevalence. From the chats with community leaders and CBOs, culture is identified as an

important factor affecting GBV. Male dominance especially in mutual relationships, seems to be

accepted as a norm.

It is enshrined in the culture that sexually transmitted disease (STD) resides in

the woman and it is called ‘nsi nwanyi’ which means woman’s poison. So a man

who contracts STD can send the wife away because she is the carrier.’ Also when

a woman is being beaten, nobody comes to her rescue or settles the case. It is

seen as family matter”- Mrs. Ugo Ndukwe Uduma, E.D SMLAS

“Most times women are the source of

their violence, some women are lazy

and have subjected themselves to the

mercies of men”

- Women Leader, Afikpo South, Ebonyi

16 | P a g e

5.2. Common forms of GBV occurring in the community

The commonest form of GBV said to be occurring in the surrounding

community was rape affecting more of female minors in Ebonyi and adult

females in Kogi according to 44% of clinic respondents in Kogi and 42% in

Ebonyi, with the second commonest type as IPV (see figure 5.2a, 5.2b &

5.2c). Rape was found to be reported more by service providers in the

secondary and tertiary health facilities (than primary health facilities).

The explanation given was that for medico-legal reasons, a secondary or

tertiary health facility was required to establish the diagnosis. FGM was

more popular in Ebonyi (than Kogi) as a cultural practice and type of GBV,

though practice was said to be minimal in recent times.

Fig.5.2a: Common types of GBV occurring in the community

05

101520253035404550

Common type of GBV in community

Kogi (%) Ebonyi (%)

“You know this is a Muslim

community where the ‘yes’

of a man is ýes’ to the extent

that women need to take

permission to come to clinic,

even when their husbands

are not around”– CNO,

Korton Karfe GH, Kogi State

17 | P a g e

Fig. 5.2b common form of GBV in the community as reported by service providers (Kogi)

The high rate of rape reported may be due to the fact that more of secondary (than primary)

facilities were visited in Kogi State. Service providers felt that the prevalence of IPV may be very

high but they rarely needed medical attention and hardly presented at the health facilities.

In a chat with a social welfare officer at Kogi SMOWASD, she was of the opinion that economic

violence was the highest form of GBV in Kogi State presently. According to her, most men do not

provide for their family leaving women to carry the financial burden. “.. Though this can lead to

domestic violence” she added.

PATESI PHC

IKUEHI PHC

OZIOKOTU PHC

AYEDE PHC

OFUGO CHC

OKENE GH

OKENGWE GH

KOTON KARFE GH

ST. JOHN'S CATHOLIC HOSP

IDAH GH

OKPO GH

GRIMARD MISSION HOSP

ASCL MED CENTRE

KSUTH ANYIGBA

NA

ME

OF

FAC

ILIT

Y

COMMON FORM OF GBV IN COMMUNITY: KOGI

SECONDARY TERTIARY PRIMARY FACILITY TYPE

PSYCHOLOGICAL V.

FGM

IPV

DON’T KNOW

CHILD MARRIAGE/CHILD

ABUSE

ECONOMIC V.

RAPE

18 | P a g e

Fig. 5.2c: Common form of GBV in the community as reported by service providers (Ebonyi)

“In most areas in Ebonyi state, GBV is synonymous to FGM so there is need for sensitization”- CLAP

Program Manager

Among the NGOs, common GBV cases seen included rape of minors, IPV, child abuse and ‘love

deal’. N/B: Cases referred to as love deal involve intimate relationships where a man walks out

on a woman after getting her pregnant, and is classified under psychological violence.

Enquiring about the prevalence of FGM, interviewees in Kogi said it was not an issue of concern

though it was practiced in the Okun communities in Kabba and Yagba areas. In Ebonyi, massive

sensitization was said to have reduced FGM to a barest minimum in recent times.

PRIMARY

AmaekwuAgwunwu

AzumramuraMCH AzuiyiokwuNew TimbershedOnuebonyi MDGAzuakpara MDG

Nwezenyi HCObegu Ikenyi

ObiozaraNguzu Edda

Odeligbo HCEkoli EddaOdomowo

EchialikeNgbo Maternity

Ezzamgbo MaternityAmuzu

MCH OnuekeMile 4 Mission

St. Vincent Mission HospitalIboko GH

Itim Ukwu GHOkposi GH

Owutu Edda GHRural Improvement Mission

GH OnuekePresbyterian Joint Hosp

Mater MisraecordeaFed. Teaching Hosp.

COMMON FORM OF GBV IN COMMUNITY: EBONYI

SECONDARY TERTIARY FACILITY TYPE

RAPE

ECONOMIC V.

IPV

CHILD ABUSE/CHILD

MARRIAGE

DON’T KNOW

PSYCHOLOGIC V.

FGM

19 | P a g e

5.3. GBV Policies and laws

At the State ministries and LGA offices, there was a general knowledge of the existence of

national and state laws/policies pertaining to GBV though none could be sighted. Among the non-

governmental organizations, almost all were aware of GBV laws/policies but usage of any of the

laws was far higher in Kogi (70%) than Ebonyi (13%) (see Fig. 5.4). This may be attributable to the

fact that most of the community-based organizations dealing with women and children in Kogi

are implementers of the SMILE Project that deals with OVCs and has a GBV component.

GBV-related laws and policies seen in different NGOs

Fig. 5.3: Usage of GBV Policy

Ebonyi has a legislation against GBV called Ebonyi State Protection against Domestic Violence

Law, 2005 which the Family Law center said they use to prosecute IPV cases. Kogi state on the

other hand, is in the process of domesticating the Gender and Equal Opportunity and Violence

against Persons Prohibition (VAPP) Act, which is currently undergoing amendments. In a chat

with the Executive Director of PIBCID, she explained that at the International Women’s Day, 2017

FIDA in conjunction with other gender stakeholders in the state, solicited the support of the state

government for the passage of the bill.

0%

50%

100%

KOGI EBONYI

USAGE OF GBV POLICY

YES NO

20 | P a g e

5.4. Post-GBV care provided at the health facilities

Survivors are said to seek care usually when physical injuries are serious and need medical

attention except for rape cases that are usually referred to the higher level facilities. Facility staff

interviewed in both states admitted that the rate of seeking health care among survivors is very

low.

“I remember when one of our staff was beaten up by the husband, she told us she hit her head

on the wall”- Nurse, Kogi State

Fig. 5.4a: Post-GBV care given at the health facilities

All clinic respondents in both states offer medical care to GBV survivors when they present

ranging from treating physical wounds to managing sexual violence with pregnancy test, HIV

and STD screening and counselling and PEP administration. Some service providers (15 in

Ebonyi and 19 in Kogi) offered some form of psychosocial counselling to survivors (Fig. 5.4).

Fig. 5.4b: HIV test pack and Post exposure prophylaxis (PEP) used for sexual violence cases

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Medical Counselling Referral

Post-GBV Care at Health Facilities

Kogi Ebonyi

Even when survivors present at the clinic with obvious symptoms of

GBV, they rarely opened up to the service provider

21 | P a g e

Only 3 respondents in Kogi and 2 in Ebonyi admitted to have ever referred survivors for post-GBV

care and the referrals were said to be to the police. These survivors went on their own and were

not usually followed up. At the secondary health facilities however, survivors were brought by

the police for medical care.

Most survivors in Ebonyi (62%) felt that underage female GBV cases were seen more at the

facilities while 74% in Kogi said they see more of adult women cases (see table 5.5). As the Police

PRO in Kogi explained, most cases of minors are reported by their caregivers as against adults

who may wish to conceal what happened and not seek care.

Table 5.4: Health facility OICs’ responses on the category of GBV survivors (age group)

Age group of survivor Ebonyi (n=30) Kogi (n=27)

Child/teenage 16 (53%) 6 (22%)

Adult 11 (37%) 20 (74%)

Elderly 0 (0%) 0 (0%)

Don’t know 3 (10%) 1 (4%)

Survivor story

Amaka (not real name) is a 13 year old girl who was abused and impregnated by her step-father, a

storekeeper. Her mother who is deaf and dumb and unemployed was nursing a baby at that time.

She was taken in by her maternal grandmother who tried to abort the pregnancy which she claimed

was a taboo. Amaka ran away from the village and was directed to the Child Welfare unit, SMOWASD,

Kogi. The case was taken up by the Ministry in collaboration with Child Protection Network and the

stepfather was arrested and taken to court. Meanwhile her mother pleaded for the release of her

husband as she had no other source of income. Amaka was housed by the Director till she was almost

due for delivery. The SMoWASD and CSOs helped to rally donations for her medical bills. Amaka had

to have an elective C/S for small pelvis and was delivered safely. She was then moved to a church

orphanage home with her baby and they are both doing well. The court hearing was still pending as

at the time of this assessment.

No service provider interviewed had ever referred a GBV case to the social welfare

department for long term psychosocial support

22 | P a g e

5.5. Current GBV programs and services

Table 5.5: Summary of GBV referral services available in Ebonyi & Kogi

GBV REFERRAL SERVICE EBONYI KOGI

Long-term psychosocial counselling

Available in some health facilities for sexual violence victims Hardly provided for other GBV cases Provided by social welfare unit situated in LGA

Available in some health facilities for sexual violence victims Hardly provided for other GBV cases Provided by social welfare unit situated in LGA

Legal service Family law center, FIDA, NGOs State laws exist yet low rate of prosecution Not linked to health facility

Family court, FIDA, NGOs No state GBV law. Difficult to prosecute Not linked with health facility

Law enforcement Police not adequately funded to respond to GBV Not linked with health facility Enlightenment required

Police not adequately funded to respond to GBV Not linked with health facility Enlightenment required

Safe house/emergency shelter No state-owned yet SMLAS, NSCDC have shelter NAPTIP & Family law center staff volunteer

No state-owned DACA & DCI have shelter SMOWASD staff volunteer

Economic empowerment Seed grants through ‘Women wey get sense’ cooperative (State Govt. project) Some NGOs provide

No identified state project currently Some NGOs provide with donor-funded projects

Social re-integration Skill acquisition projects at LGA are not steady, depend on available funds Some NGOs provide with donor-funded projects

No state/LGA skill acquisition currently functional Some NGOs provide with donor-funded projects

Community mobilization & advocacy

SMOH, SMOWASD, LGA Councils, health facilities, all NGOs

SMOH, SMOWASD, LG councils, health facilities, all NGOs

Referrals SMOWASD, most NGOs (see referral matrix)

KONGONET, AYON, Child Protection Network Committee, most NGOs (See referral matrix)

5.5.1. Oversight and Implementation of GBV Activities in the states

The SMOH oversees GBV activities while the SMOWASD is responsible for implementation.

However the Gender focal persons in the ministries in both states seemed not to have much

responsibilities concerning GBV matters and most information were given by the Directors. The

gender desk officers in SMOH at Kogi and Ebonyi had not handled any gender-related activity in

the past year. The SMOH is found to have oversight function while the SMOWASD is responsible

for women and children programs. In both states these include community sensitization and

23 | P a g e

mobilization, social and economic empowerment projects. One of such economic empowerment

projects found operational in Ebonyi is the MCSP supported savings and loans cooperative club

named “Women wey get sense” and domiciled within the SMOWASD. There are also awareness

campaigns for women and child rights championed by the wives of the state governors and run

by the SMOWASD. In Ebonyi, the SMOWASD and Ebonyi State Community and Social

Development Project performed GBV-related activities such as providing seed grants for women,

community mobilization and skills acquisition. In Kogi State, most GBV-related activities in the

SMOWASD were on hold due to lack of funds therefore, there is no palpable GBV prevention or

response activity running currently. One of the striking deficits for post-GBV response identified

in both states is the lack of a state-owned emergency shelter for GBV survivors, though a couple

of organizations run safe houses. The Director of Women Affairs, SMOWASD mentioned several

outlined activities that could mitigate GBV but had been stalled due to poor funding. The state-

owned FAREC previously known for skill acquisition was no longer functioning. There was also

poor coordination within the Kogi SMOWASD as GBV cases were handled directly by the Social

Welfare Department, whereas the gender desk officer was situated in Women Affairs

Department. The social welfare units of the LGAs (situated in the LG councils) in both states are

poorly funded and ill-equipped to carry out GBV-supportive functions as well as difficult to access

by far away communities. There is no strong referral pathway between the social welfare and the

health facilities. The LGA Social Welfare departments said they offer psychosocial counselling,

social re-integration, community mobilization and advocacy and sensitization programs

whenever funds were available. They settle family cases through dialogue and involving

community leaders. The social welfare officers in Abakiliki, Dekina and Lokoja said they saw more

of child right cases, provided some vocational skill acquisition, psychosocial counselling and

dispute resolution.

“We usually see a lot of GBV cases when we go out for outreach but we usually don’t

know how to help them. We will like an MSCP representative to join us in one of our

outreach to see for themselves”- OIC Nwaezenyi, Izzi- Ebonyi State

24 | P a g e

5.5.2. GBV Activities by other government agencies

The gender units at the state headquarters of the Nigerian Police Force and National Security and

Civil Defence Corps (NSCDC) were interviewed in both states. The GBV cases they handled were

mostly Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) and rape of minors. The officers interviewed had just fair

knowledge of GBV and associated laws and policies. Cases were handled by alternative dispute

resolution or prosecution by law. Financial constraints, weak laws and stigmatization were

mentioned as barriers to performing their GBV functions and solicited that partnership with

donor organizations would augment their efforts. The desk officer interviewed at National

Agency for the Prohibition of Trafficking in Persons (NAPTIP) expressed that GBV response was

financially demanding and hence becoming difficult with the economic situation in the country.

NAPTIP catered for trafficked persons by offering rehabilitation and re-integration. Interview

with National Television Authority (NTA) in Ebonyi revealed that the media plays a crucial role in

the sensitization on FGM as they had produced documentaries on FGM funded by UNICEF,

UNFPA and Child Protection Network.

5.5.3. GBV Activities by other non-governmental organizations (CBOs, CSOs, FBOs)

Among CSOs, CBOs and FBOs that handle women and child right issues, in both states, there was

high level of awareness of both national and state levels GBV-related laws. Ebonyi has a

legislation against GBV called Ebonyi State Protection against Domestic Violence Law, 2005. Kogi

state on the other hand, is still in the process of domesticating the Violence against Persons

Prohibition (VAPP, 2015) Act. There was however, a higher rate of usage of GBV policies and

guidelines among the organizations in Kogi (70%) than Ebonyi (21%).

Most organizations visited were found to be performing more than one GBV referral service but

majorly focusing on community mobilization and advocacy with a very minimal combination of

other functions such as psychosocial counselling, social integration, economic empowerment,

legal and law enforcement services for post-GBV survivors. However, where these services or

functions exists, they are located in urban areas which makes it very difficult for GBV survivors to

access due to distance and transportation costs from community of abode where the health

facilities are located. It is worth noting that the few services available through some NGOs are

mostly international donor driven and-dependent. Two GBV programs were identified to be

25 | P a g e

operational in three facilities visited in Kogi (the SMILE Program and CIHP GBV Program) and

those health facilities were the only ones that had contacts with any organization performing

GBV functions and in this case the police.

5.5.4. Health:

In both states, GBV health services are provided through the government-owned health facilities

that may be supported by donor-funded programs. At the SMOWASD, GBV cases needing

medical attention are funded by special grants from the Ministry and also by collaboration with

NGOs. Among the NGO focal persons visited, 25% interviewed in Kogi and 65% in Ebonyi said

they provide direct health services for GBV survivors. When probed the services were found to

be free HIV and STI services and OVC programs supported by the state agencies or donor

partners.

5.5.5. Long-term psychosocial support:

The health facilities in both states also claimed to offer some sort of psychosocial counselling to

survivors when identified, usually through their HIV counsellors.

The social welfare department which is meant to provide psychosocial counselling as part of its

functions is usually situated in the LGA secretariats, with no officer in the hospitals. The only

social welfare officer found within a hospital was in FMC, Lokoja which is owned by the Federal

government. They are usually hard-to-reach from the interior communities. In the interview with

the head of social welfare, FMC, Lokoja he explained that GBV clients usually were given about 3

appointments for counselling but that most cases dropped out due to settlement. He added “We

used to have a place [in Lokoja] for rehabilitation that runs like twice in a year, where they teach

them sewing, hairdressing, soap-making”. When asked about conducting house visits he said,

“Funding is a challenge for follow-up because most times you burn your own fuel to visit cases”.

There is no social welfare officer attached to the state hospitals

26 | P a g e

5.5.6. Legal services:

Ebonyi and Kogi states have family courts that settle IPV cases. These cases are usually filed

through the police and the FMOWASD. In Ebonyi state the law on GBV makes it easier to

prosecute GBV perpetrators. In Kogi where the law is still in the process, it is said that very few

cases pull through the legal system and offenders are rarely punished. In Ebonyi, the respondent

at the Family Law Center estimated their average number of cases in the past year at 300. In Kogi

however, the family court was not visited but the average number of IPV cases as recorded by

the social welfare department of the SMOWASD in the past year was about 45. In both states,

officers interviewed were of the opinion that with alternative dispute resolution, perpetrators of

GBV were hardly ever prosecuted as survivors were usually encouraged to settle cases amicably.

An exact number of fully prosecuted GBV cases could not be obtained but according to them,

most women would withdraw rape and IPV cases for reasons such as family settlement, shame

and stigmatization.

5.5.7. Law enforcement:

The state Police command in Ebonyi had an assigned gender desk called “Juvenile and Women

Cases” (JWC) and headed by a female officer. While

discussing with the PPRO, he raised questions on

whether GBV laws and policies existed and if the Police

could be given copies. According to him the Criminal

Code is used by the Police for GBV cases and does not

specifically cover beyond the criminal aspect of GBV

(mostly rape). He advocated for support from

organizations for GBV prevention and response

activities as funding was a challenge with the police. Ebonyi Police has emergency call lines made

available to the public. In Kogi State Police Head-Quarters, the officer that handled GBV cases

(the head of the Family Unit), was on leave during the field visit and the other members of her

team did not have much information on how GBV matters were handled. The investigation officer

who was introduced as Gender Officer, complained that she had just seen a few child cases but

was not adequately equipped to handle cases of violated women. It could not be ascertained if

all the Police divisions in both states had gender desk officers presently. *Coincidentally, the only

Meeting with NSCDC State Commandant, Ebonyi

27 | P a g e

2 interviewees in Kogi that said the Gender desk office in the Area Command was functional

happened to be legal persons.

Stigmatization, cultural, family values and lack of funds for investigation were listed as

commonest reasons for pulling out unresolved GBV cases. Only one clinic visited in Ebonyi (Mgbo

Maternity) had access to a police contact to call when referring GBV cases that needed police

action. In Kogi, only 2 (ASCL and ZH Ankpa) out of the 27 clinics had police phone numbers from

previous GBV programs.

*According to available literature, the VAPP Act (only used in FCT, Abuja currently) supersedes

the Penal/Criminal Code in that it provides for elimination of violence in private and public places

and provides maximum protection and effective remedies for survivors.

At the NSCDC, the Peace and Conflict Resolution unit handles GBV cases through alternative

dispute resolution and resorting to prosecution in critical cases. They organize awareness

campaigns at the community level which serves as a preventive measure against family disputes.

The NAPTIP handles GBV cases by prosecuting offenders and organizing for psychosocial

counselling and social re-integration for trafficked persons. They also perform sensitization

through awareness campaigns and stakeholder advocacy meetings.

Survivor story

Ngozi (not real name) is a widow who lost her husband, a soldier in active service in the fight

against insurgency in the North East. She returned to her husband’s village with their children

and his family reluctantly accommodated them. According to her, her husband’s brothers

started abusing her sexually and also abused her 3year old daughter. The child was brought

to the police with physical evidence of sexual assault and severe infections. As the case

progressed, the police went into the village to arrest the accused, only for the widow to be

thrown out by the villagers. They said they never had cases with police until she came to their

village. When she could not cope anymore, she was forced to drop the case so she could be

accepted back into her husband’s family.

Commonest reasons for withdrawing GBV cases from the police and courts

include family settlement, marital values, lack of funds to support police

investigations, fear of insecurity, stigmatization.

28 | P a g e

5.5.8. Safe house/shelter:

Both states do not currently have state-owned shelter for GBV survivors. In Ebonyi, the state

government has provided a space through the Family Law Center which is yet to be functional.

Ebonyi had 2 safe houses identified at NSCDC & SMLAS. Officials of NAPTIP and the Family Law

Center said they provide emergency shelter through volunteer member of staff. In Kogi 2 NGOs

(DCI & DACA) provide shelter for GBV survivors and SMOWASD staff also volunteer to house GBV

survivors.

5.5.9. Community mobilization and advocacy:

Community mobilization and advocacy campaigns that pertain to

GBV existed in the state ministries, though focused mainly on

female genital mutilation in Ebonyi than Kogi. Most of the NGOs

said they carry out community mobilization and advocacy through

outreaches, posters and the mass media. At the health facilities,

some staff mentioned that their awareness campaigns on

Respectful Maternity Care would help to prevent GBV in the

community.

5.5.10. Capacity of Service Providers to provide post-GBV care:

Findings showed that the health service providers interviewed in both states had a fair knowledge

of GBV (57% in Ebonyi and 44% in Kogi), and knowledge seemed to increase with the higher level

health facilities (secondary and tertiary). Health providers were found to generally lack the

capacity to provide basic first-line support to GBV survivors as very few service providers were

aware of, or ever referred GBV survivors to referral services and have never received any form of

training on gender-based violence.

‘’It is common for men to beat their wives but

we as elders try to solve every case. Infact the

traditional ruler would not be happy if anyone

involves the police in such case’’- Community

leader, Aiyede, Kogi

29 | P a g e

5.6. Referral organizations

Fig. 5.6a: Target population covered by the NGO referral organizations

N/B: The referral organizations interviewed for inclusion in the referral directory include the

governmental law-enforcement agencies. The non-governmental organizations (CBOs, CSOs and

FBOs) interviewed were those that handled women and child right cases (see figure 5.6a).

Fig. 5.6b: Type of Referral Organizations Kogi and Ebonyi

Twenty (20) organizations were contacted in Kogi and 21 in Ebonyi (see Referral matrix in

annexes) and none was found to handle purely GBV cases. All the organizations interviewed in

both states performed community sensitization and advocacy as a direct service, and usually

referred GBV survivors for medical, legal and law enforcement services. Other services such as

social and economic empowerment projects and IEC sensitization were found to be donor-

dependent.

0

5

10

15

20

25

Women/Youth Children PLHIV IDP Others

Target Population of Referral Organizations

Kogi Ebonyi

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

GOVT

INT. NGO

NAT. NGO

TYPE OF REF. ORGANIZATION-EBONYI

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

GOVT

NATIONAL NGO

INT. NGO

TYPE OF REF. ORGANIZATION: KOGI

30 | P a g e

Fig.5.6c: Number of cases seen in the past year by the referral organizations

Figure 5.6c. shows the average number of GBV cases seen by the referral organizations. When

asked about enrollment protocol, it was discovered that most of the organizations had some

donor-funding (see fig. 5.6d) and therefore enrollment protocol involved enlisting specific target

groups for projects. However, very few could show written protocol.

Fig 5.6d. Source of funding for referral organizations

All organizations interviewed offered free services and typically operate between 8am to 4pm,

Mondays to Saturdays. Collaboration with other organizations was common and most of them

offered direct services and also referred when necessary. However, most organizations including

the CBOs have their operational offices in the state capital with field officers that visit rural sites

on scheduled visits. NGOs were found to identify survivors by outreaches to communities,

referrals from the public, other organizations and volunteers from the community, or by the

survivors coming themselves (see fig. 5.7.5).

0

5

10

15

20

INTERNALLYGENERATED

DONOR GOVT

FUNDING: EBONYI

0 5 10 15 20

0-20

21-50

>50

EBONYI

0

5

10

15

20

INTERNALLYGENERATED

DONORFUNDED

GOVT

FUNDING: KOGI

0 2 4 6 8 10

0-20

21-50

>50

KOGI

CSOs and CBOs are usually situated in the urban centers

31 | P a g e

Fig. 5.6e: Strategies used in identifying Survivors

When asked about challenges issues raised include insufficient funds, ignorance, weak

enforcement of laws, low level of reporting cases due to stigma, fear of safety and poverty, poor

collaboration, etc.

“The cost of responding to GBV is higher than the cost of prevention so why not stop it from happening in the first place” – Program Manager, Ebonyi Humanity Foundation

Meeting with DOVENET, Ebonyi

23

9

22

IDENTIFYING SURVIVORS: EBONYI REFS

SMILE Program

2013-2018

Consortium led by CRS, in partnership

with other donors including USAID

In 5 states including Kogi

Focused on scaling up care and support

for OVCs and their caregivers

Implemented by CSOs in the different

communities

Community volunteers are trained to

refer GBV to health workers in the

community

In St. Joseph’s Catholic Hospital, Kabba

implemented by KHAN

16

5

16

SELF REPORT OUTREACH REFERRALS

IDENTIFYING SURVIVORS: KOGI REFS

32 | P a g e

The SMILE Program in Kogi has a GBV component that is operational in St. John’s Catholic

Hospital, Kabba. Two (2) facility staff were said to have been trained on GBV earlier in the year

to identify and provide psychosocial counselling and HIV/STI screening and prophylaxis for GBV

survivors. Average number of all GBV cases from the register was about 1 per month in the past

6 months. When probed about the low number of recorded cases, the GBV focal person

explained that they were yet to have any community awareness activity or assignment of

community volunteers as at the time of the field visit.

Fig. 5.6f: GBV registers seen in the health facilities

CIHP GBV Project CIHP Kogi is also found to have a GBV component running in 10 sites (out of

the 27 visited), Ayingba, Idah, FMC Lokoja, State Specialist hospital, Obangede GH, Ankpa GH,

Dekina GH, Holley-Memorial Hospital, Okene ZH, Okpo GH and ASCL Medical Center.

Figure 5.6g: GBV referral directory developed for CIHP by CLAP, Kogi in 2015

However the GBV monitoring tools were only seen in 1 facility (ASCL Medical Center). In a chat

with the CIHP GBV focal person, she explained that the program had partnered with CBOs, the

police and FIDA members. Key staff in a few facilities were trained to identify and capture GBV

cases in the tools but that the 2nd batch of staff trainings and sensitization for the community

33 | P a g e

level had not happened due to lack of funds and imminent close out later this year. A GBV

referral directory was sighted in CLAP office, Lokoja although no copy was found in any health

facility.

6.0. Challenges

Though GBV is health related, service providers do not feel they have a role in the

management of survivors besides medical care. Doctors at secondary health facilities

usually encounter GBV survivors amidst very tight clinic schedules but social welfare

officers should counsel them. Some service providers expressed concern that looking out

for GBV survivors may add ‘extra work load’ to their already strained manpower.

The LGA social welfare unit may not be adequately functional to provide long-term

psychosocial counselling as they are usually situated far away from the communities in

the LGA council; besides they have no offices within the health facilities.

The most affected survivors usually are of low socio-economic status. They can hardly

afford transport money to access referral services in the cities.

Majority of the NGOs though operational in the communities have offices in the state

capitals which is difficult to access by survivors coming from farther health facilities and

none of the organizations interviewed offered pick-up or free transportation.

7.0. Recommendations

Engage and sensitize all relevant stakeholders through an expanded stakeholder

advocacy meetings involving state officials, selected service providers, community

heads, police, legal officers, community leaders, CSOs, CBOs and FBOs, etc.

Establish contact person and phone number from the police divisions, buy-in of NGOs

to support linking of referral services to clinics and increased GBV awareness.

Carry out massive sensitization at state, local government and community levels.

Design and develop information, education and communication materials on GBV.

Build capacity of health staff to respond adequately to GBV

Map out a clear referral pathway and protocol to monitor clinic referrals and ensure

survivors access the required care.

34 | P a g e

Carry out further studies to understand the peculiar socio-cultural factors that affect

GBV in various communities.

8.0. Conclusion

Gender-based violence is an issue of concern in Ebonyi and Kogi states but presently not being

responded to adequately. Rape was reported to be the commonest form of GBV occurring in the

selected communities, with minors more affected in Ebonyi than adult cases in Kogi; this was

followed by intimate partner violence (IPV). Though most cases go unreported, GBV survivors

seek care in the health facilities. The health service providers may not have the expertise to

respond to GBV and few referral services that exist are poorly linked with the health facilities. It

became impractical to develop a referral directory reflecting services available for each facility

visited because such services did not exist within the communities. The referral organizations

were found to be mostly international donor-funded and hence donor-dependent. The legal and

law-enforcement agencies on the other hand are limited in their response due to weak

enforcement of GBV-related laws, financial constraints and unwillingness of survivors to pursue

legal action. The existing government structure for social services through the SMOWASD and LG

social welfare departments is skeletal and not properly coordinated. The strong socio-cultural

factors surrounding GBV make isolated medical care inadequate therefore, there is need to

strengthen the capacity of the service providers on GBV case management and massive

sensitization of all stakeholders and multi-sectoral collaboration amongst GBV actors to ensure

optimal health outcome of GBV survivors. One referral directory has been developed for each of

the two states.

9.0. Next steps

Disseminate findings at the state and health facilities to highlight gaps and promote

better case management

Finalize referral directory for Ebonyi and Kogi states, print and disseminate.

35 | P a g e

10.0. Annexes ANNEX 1: CONTACT LIST FOR HEALTH FACILITIES VISITED EBONYI STATE ANNEX 2: CONTACT LIST OF STAKEHOLDERS INTERVIEWED AND PERSONS MET EBONYI ANNEX 3: CONTACT LIST OF STAKEHOLDERS INTERVIEWED AND PERSONS MET IN KOGI ANNEX 4: TABLE SHOWING FACILITIES VISITED IN EBONYI STATE ANNEX 5: TABLE SHOWING FACILITIES VISITED IN KOGI STATE ANNEX 6: RELEVANT KEY INFORMANTS (STAKEHOLDERS) ANNEX 7: QUESTION GUIDE FOR SMOH/SMOWASD/LGA FOCAL PERSONS ANNEX 8: GBV RAPID ASSESSMENT TOOL ANNEX 9: GBV ASSESSMENT/REFERRAL SERVICE MAPPING ANNEX 10: GBV ASSESSMENT SUMMARY TEMPLATE ANNEX 11: REFERRAL ORGANIZATION SUMMARY TEMPLATE ANNEX 12: STATE MINISTRIES/LGA SUMMARY TEMPLATE ANNEX 13: ASSESSMENT WORKPLAN

10.1. Photo gallery

MEETINGS AT JHPIEGO ABUJA

36 | P a g e

PHOTO GALLERY EBONYI

OIC Patesi GH Kabba

Meeting with Child Protection Network

@ Methodist Care Ministry @CIRDDOC

With Traditional

ruler,Ikwo LGA

Meeting @ Izzi LGA

Meeting @SMOWASD

Copy of a state policy against FGM

GBV Manual seen @ Dovenet

@ Ebonyi SMOH

@ WIDOWCare

@Ezzamgbo Maternity,Ohaukwu

Meeting with SUCCDEV

37 | P a g e

EBONYI CONTD..

@ NTA Ebonyi

Meeting with Ebony Humanity

Foundation @ NAPTIP Ebonyi

@ Mile 4 Mission Hosp.

With Director of SMLAS

@ Ebonyi Comm. & Social Devt. Agency

JHPIEGO Office, Ebonyi @ NGBO PHC

@ Ebonyi NPF Command MEETING WITH FIDA @Family law centre

Meeting with traditional leader Izzi

38 | P a g e

PHOTO GALLERY - KOGI

@ DEDAN, Ivo LGA

Meeting @ VOFCA

E.D Youth & Women’s Health

Empowerment Project

Lokoja LGA Secratariat

With social welfare officer, FMC

Lokoja E.D PIBCID

At KOSACA Building

2ND I.C PHC Ikuehi

Gender Focal Person, ASCL Med. Centre

Matron, St. Joseph Catholic

Hospital, Kabba

Cases @ Abakiliki Social Welfare Dept

Chat with St. Cord. Of CLAP

39 | P a g e

KOGI (CONTD.)

Staff of GH Okengwe

Chat with Ayede Community leader

Health workers @Korton Karfe GH

With OIC Patesi

Chat with PRO,NSCDC

@ Justice for Women & Children

Chambers

Mrs. Roseline Alabi,GBV Survivor &

founder DCI

GH Okpo

Social welfare officer,Dekina GBV Screening register seen @St. Joseph

Hosp

@GH Kabba With Staff of Ogigiri PHC

40 | P a g e

@ DEGENGER Initiative

@ MOH Kogi Interview with Investigation

officer, Police Area Command

41 | P a g e

ANNEX 1: CONTACT LIST FOR HEALTH FACILITIES VISITED EBONYI STATE

s/n Name Of Health Facility Level of Care LGA Name Contact of OIC Senatorial

Zone

1 Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Tertiary Ebonyi

Dr. Obum Ezeanosike

08036741420

Ebonyi North

2 Mile Four Mission Hospital Secondary Ebonyi

Georgina Ndulaku Uzonwanne

08037150653 07039021143

3 MCH Azuiyiokwu Primary Abakaliki

Elizabeth Odoh

08067576862

4 New Timbershed Primary Abakaliki

Beatrice Ogbonna

08039470397

5 Onuebonyi MDG Primary Abakaliki Nweke Joy 07037212142

6 Azuakpara MDG Primary Abakaliki

Onu Justina E.

07036848655

7 Nwezenyi Health Centre Primary Izzi

Mrs Isute Cecelia

08070673082

8 St. Vincent Mission Hospital Secondary Izzi

Rev. Sis Perpetua Ezejimofo

08037503600

9 General Hospital Iboko Secondary Izzi Dr Okpo Solomon

08037416285

10 Obegu Ikenyi MDG Primary Izzi

Felicia Inyimeagu

07061362363

11 Matermisericordea Mission Hospital Secondary Afikpo North

Mrs Uhere Angela

08052993671

Ebonyi South

12 Amaekwu HC Primary Afikpo North Chioma Amadi

08165436575

13 General Hospital itim Ukwu Secondary Afikpo North

Pricilia A. 08168720992

14 Presbyterian Joint Hospital Secondary Ohaozara

Matthew Offia

07037251838

15 Obiozara PHC Primary Ohaozara Ekwe Patricia 08066615428

16 General Hospital Okposi

Secondary Ohaozara

Eze Okoroeze Shunamite

07061115500

17 Agugwu PHC Primary Ohaozara

Uche Rose Mba

08083612489

18 Nguzu Edda HC Primary Afikpo South Egbechi Imo 08025975619

19 Ekoli Edda HC Primary Afikpo South

Comfort Nnnachi

08064036977

20 General Hospital Owutu-Edda Secondary

Afikpo South Nkama Christiana

08032410870

42 | P a g e

ANNEX 2: CONTACT LIST OF STAKEHOLDERS INTERVIEWED AND PERSONS MET IN EBONYI

S/No NAME ORGANISATION EMAIL PHONE NO

1 Dr. Boniface O. Onwe

SPM SOML MCSP Focal Person

ogbomedics@gmail.com 08153905016

2 Elder Mrs. Odi Ogbonna Okoro

DPHRS odiogonna@gmail.com 08067071852

3 Rowland Ngozi C. Gender Desk Officer, SMOH Abakaliki

rowangngozi6@gmail.com 08063566149

4 Mary Jane Ikechukwu Nwobodo

Reproductive Health/ Safe Motherhood Coordinator SMoH

emen2k2@yahoo.com 08107244595

5 Mrs Christiana Ogbu

Director/ Acting Perm Sec SMoWASD

christy123ogbu@gmail.com 08038735610

6 Mrs Christiana Ogbu

Dir. Social Welfare, SMOWASD

Christy123ogbu@gmail.com 08038735610

7 Ibina, Marcillina N.

DD/HOD/Women Affairs

ibinamarcillina@yahoo.com

8 Anyigor, Jacob E. PHCC/ HOD, Ikwo LGA 08068072933

9 Deaconness Stella Okuri

DEDAN Programme Manager

08063344376

10 Ogodo Salome Ass HOD Social Welafre Unit, Ohaukwu LGA

07063709265

11 Eje Sussana O. Social Welfare Staff Ohaukwu LGA

07039469941

12 Deaconess Stella Okuri-Eze

Executive Director DEDAN

07068209852

21 Odeligbo Health Centre Primary Ikwo Dr Eziashi 08035317703

Ebonyi Central

22 Odomowo HC Primary Ikwo

Rebecca Igbali

07012570448

23 Rural Improvement Mission Secondary Ikwo

Charity Iroche

09029583554

24 Echialike Health Centre Primary Ikwo

Patricia Atuma

08063170862

25 Azuramura HC Ezza North Ezza North Princess 08065750447

26 Ngbo Maternity Primary Ohaukwu

Onwe Ngozi Susan Igwe, Ass OIC

07010287281 07031571603

27 Ezzamgbo Maternity Primary Ohaukwu Eke Elizabeth 08061670101

28 General Hospital Onueke Secondary Ezza South Arisi Josephine

07064610100

29 MCH Onueke Primary Ezza South Geraldine Nweke

07030915720

30 Amuzu HC Primary Ezza South Orji Maureen 08034721133

43 | P a g e

13 Ikechukwu Ogbonna

DEDAN 08166088533

14 Okoro Sunday DEDAN 08063344376

15 Miss Grace Agbo Project manager WIDOWCARE

08033431993

16 Victoria Ebere Eze

CEO, PDA, Afikpo North 08108381442

17 Prof Eugene Nweke

VOFCA, Abakaliki vofca4change@gmail.com 08035264939

18 Mrs Ugo Ndukwe Uduma

Executive Director, SMLAS, Abakaliki

ugouduma@gmail.com 08035010168

19 Charity Odio Gender Desk Officer, SMLAS, Abakaliki

charityelom@gmail.com 07033706538

20 Emma Ogharu Program Coordinator, , SMLAS, Abakaliki

ogharu2017@gmail.com 08134598253

21 Rev Vincent Nwachukwu

MCM, Abakaliki

22 Mrs Edith Ngene Secretary, Family Law Centre

08034162207

23 Florence Nkechinyere Onwa

NAPTIP 08034534785

24 Chief Mrs Flora Egwu

CPN 08022838401

25 State Commandant

NSCDC 08036694912

26 State PRO NSCDC 08034395063

27 Patrick Amah GRADE Foundation 08035222170

28 Okinya Matthias Chukwuke

Executive Director CHAD

08037390916

29 Bar. Chinemere Goodness Mgbaja

CIRDDOC, Abakaliki cirddoc_ebonyi@yahoo.com chinemeregoodness@yahoo.com

30 Abigail Iheukwumere

Focal Person ANTIVOW, Abakaliki

abiglory23@gmail.com 08037560413

31 Paul Nonso Programm Manager, CLAP

onohnonso@yahoo.com 08069246066

32 Mrs Margaret Nworie

CEO, FCCO Abakaliki faithcomcounorg912@yahoo.com 08035855986

33 DSP Jude E. Madu PPRO, Ebonyi State Police Command

08033746612

34 Mrs Maria Uduma Orji

Executive Director WOCHAD, Abakaliki

wochadinitiative@yahoo.com wochadinitiative@gmail.com

08060377988

35 Dr Peter Mbam CEO/ General Manager Ebonyi State CSDP

08034294647

36 Chioma Nwankwegu

Gender Project Officer, Ebonyi State CSDP

07068301959

37 Sis. Cecilia Chukwu

Executive Director, SUCCDEV

cdaac_akl@yahoo.com paschalem@yahoo.com

08033555846

44 | P a g e

38 Hon Ishiali Christian

Director, CEWO Ohaukwu

08037339036

39 Mr Uzo Paul Nwankwo

Programme Manager, Ebonyi Humanity Foundation, Abakaliki

ekugwuohinga@gmail.com 08034199946

40 Mrs Ugo Nnachi Executive Director DOVENET, Abakaliki

dovenetng@yahoo.com

08068597868

41 Ijeoma Chiemela Program Manager DOVENET, Abakaliki

ijeomachiemela@gmail.com 08146736524

42 Peter Ewah Program Assistant DOVENET, Abakaliki

08169775575

43 Abigail Iheukwumere

Focal Person ANTIVOW, Abakaliki

abiglory23@gmail.com 08037560413

44 Pastor Gabriel Odom

Executive Director, AFLARD, Abakaliki

07066796003

45 His Royal Highness Eze, D. I. Aloh

Traditional Ruler of Ikwo LGA/ Chairman of all Traditional Rulers in Ikwo LGA

46 Hon. Nnabo John N.

Chairman, Ikwo LGA 08068459812 08181043844

46 Paul Nwancho HOD Education/ Social Welfare Ikwo LGA

08033406479

47 Abigail Iheukwumere

NTA Ebonyi State abiglory23@gmail.com 08037560413

48 His Royal Highness, Chief Emmanuel Edeh

Traditional Ruler of Ohaukwu LGA

08035331299

ANNEX 3: CONTACT LIST OF STAKEHOLDERS INTERVIEWED AND PERSONS MET IN KOGI

S/N NAME ORGANIZATION DESIGNATION PHONE NUMBER

1. Mrs. Usman Kogi SMOH,

Women in Health

Director 08069633139

2. Mrs. Mamenoka Audu SMOH (KOSACA) Gender Desk

Officer

3. 4 Dr. Ojotule SPHCDA ED 08064469625

4. Sule Ibrahim Family Unit, Kogi

Area Command,

NPF

Deputy officer,

Family unit

08036500269

45 | P a g e

5. SPO Comfort Otuku Kogi Area

Command, NPF

Gender Officer 07035775208

6. Mrs. Eucharia Okereke NSCDC I/C PCR 08163364644

7. Mrs. Gloria Akudi SW Dept., Lokoja

Area Office

Social Welfare

Officer

08068157540

akudig@gmail.com

8. Mr. Oloruntoba Dept. of Social

Welfare,

SMOWASD

Director 08031941682

tobybubble@gmail.c

om

9. Mrs. Adegbola Dept. of Child

Welfare,

SMOWASD

Director 0803608353

elizabethadegbola1

@yahoo.com

10. Mrs. Babatunde Dept. of Women

Affairs, SMOWASD

Director 08135700908

11. Mrs. Victoria Ipemida Dept. of Women

Affairs, SMOWASD

Gender desk

officer

08036000166

ipemidav@gmail.co

m

12. Mrs. Gift Omoniwa PIBCID E.D 08036346070

13. Hamza Aliyu INGRA E.D 08033177259

14. Barr. Christie Adejumo FIDA State chairperson 08036792295

15. Mr. Matthias Opanachi YAHWEP E.D 08035050521

16. Barr. Janet Makun Justice for Women

& children center

E.D 08033777446

17. Comrade Rajan Sulaiman DEGENDER

Initiative

Dir. of Program 08036013322

18. Vincent Okodo KHAN Prog. Manager 08060100324

19. Mr. Nathaniel Abaniwo KONGONET/ AYON Secretary/State

Coordinator

08036581956

20. Mercy Iyoha CIHP GBV FP 08099675889

21. Raliat Isiyaka CLAP St. Cordinator 08033139486

22. Simon Eneojo Justice

Development &

Peace Commission

Focal

person(Lokoja)

08036270402

23. Idris Muraino LUCAS ED 07063797550

46 | P a g e

24. Mr. Japhet El-Sophi ED 08062181034

25. Samuel Audu DACA Prog. Manager 08051241996

26. Simon Christopher JDPC Focal person(Idah) 08035670031

27. Mr. Segun BHECOD Focal person 08022927935

28. Titus Alonge TEEDIN ED 08138279795

29. Mr. Gabriel Power Relief Org. FP 08066611397

30. Mr. Eteyin Grassroot Health &

Nutrition Initiative

FP 08138279795

31. Mrs. Roselyn Alabi DCI MD 08036192684

32. Mr. Matthias Opanachi YAWHEP ED 08035050523

33. Mr. John Amabi FEPFL MD 08065659796

34. Dr. Okafor ASCL Med.Centre CMD 07030919676

35. Mr. Abdulmumuni Yusuf ASCL Med. Centre Gender FP 08060488109

36. Dr. Lukman Lawal Ife-Oluokotun GH MD 08075137641

37. Mrs. Philominah St. John’s Catholic

Hosp.

Matron 08039689113

38. Dr. Abubakar ZH, Dekina MD 08123399800

39. Dr. Samuel Agboma Grimard Catholic

Hosp

MD 08036061415

40. Dr. Azuka Holley Memorial

Hosp.

MD 08039300503

41. Sikirat Subairu Ikuehi PHC OIC 07032271212

42. Salamatu Adejoh Dekina LGA SWO 08157262740

43. Rukkayatu Oziokotu PHC OIC 08167577087

44. Mr. Muhammed Sani Ogigiri PHC OIC 08057755158

45. Mr. Olusegun Sinkaiye FMC Lokoja Chief Social

Welfare Officer

46. Mr. Victor Ameh Okpo GH HOD Lab 08039660123

47. Mr. Paul Shuaibu PHC Ajiyolo Ojaji OIC 08077276134

48. Saádat Mikailu CHC Ofugo OIC 08062092411

49. Mrs. Comfort Yakub PHC Ayede OIC 08159677487

50. Mrs. Saddiq Koton Karfe GH CNO 07060126300(MD)

47 | P a g e

51. Dr. Ken Abu Kabba GH CMD

52. Dr. Adams Okengwe GH CMD 07031697115

53. Mrs. Olubunmi Egbeda MCH OIC 08030710719

54. Shaibu Lentena KSUTH Anyigba Nurse/Midwife 08051188634

55. Dr. Sunday Akoh ZH Idah MD 08134787636

56. Dr. Nataniel Attah ZH Ankpa MD 08037170924

57. Mrs. Stella Oluyole PHC Nagazi OIC 08036205267

58. Mrs. Asibe PHC Patesi OIC 07056868525

59. Dr. Suleiman ZH Okene CMD 08062336275

60. Mrs. Janet BHC Ogori OIC 07038998037

61. Dr. Ade Oluwadairo GH Obangede MD 08034834065

62. Dr. Jeremiah GH Ugwolawo MD 07069321038

63. VEN. Balogun M.O Ayede Community leader

ANNEX 4: TABLE SHOWING FACILITIES VISITED IN EBONYI STATE

S/N NAME OF HEALTH FACILITY TYPE OF

FACILITY

LGA SENATORIAL

ZONE

1 Federal Teaching Hospital

Abakaliki

Tertiary Ebonyi Ebonyi North

2 Mile 4 Mission Hospital Secondary Ebonyi

3 MCH Azuiyiokwu Primary Abakaliki

4 New Timbershed Primary Abakaliki

5 Onuebonyi MDG Primary Abakaliki

6 Azuakpara MDG Primary Abakaliki

7 Nwezenyi health Centre Primary Izzi

8 St. Vincent Mission Hospital Secondary Izzi

9 General Hospital Iboko Secondary Izzi

10 Obegu Ikenyi MDG Primary Izzi

48 | P a g e

11 Matermisericordea Mission

Hospital

Secondary Afikpo North Ebonyi South

12 Amaekwu Health Centre Primary Afikpo North

13 General Hospital Item Ukwu Secondary Afikpo North

14 Presbyterian Joint Hospital Secondary Ohaozara

15 Obiozara PHC Primary Ohaozara

16 General Hospital Okposi Secondary Ohaozara

17 Agugwu PHC Primary Ohaozara

18 Nguzu Edda Health Centre Primary Afikpo South

19 Ekoli Edda Health Centre Primary Afikpo South

20 General Hospital Owutu Edda Secondary Afikpo South

21 Odeligbo Health Centre Primary Ikwo Ebonyi Central

22 Odomowo Health Centre Primary Ikwo

23 Rural Improvement Mission Secondary Ikwo

24 Echialike Health Centre Primary Ikwo

25 Azuramura Health Centre Primary Ezza North

26 Ngbo Maternity Primary Ohaukwu

27 Ezzamgbo Maternity Primary Ohaukwu

28 General Hospital Onueke Secondary Ezza South

29 MCH Onueke Primary Ezza South

30 Amuzu Health Centre Primary Ezza South

Total Health Facilities 30

49 | P a g e

ANNEX 5: TABLE SHOWING FACILITIES VISITED IN KOGI STATE

S/N NAME OF HEALTH FACILITY TYPE OF FACILITY LGA SENATORIAL

ZONE

1 PHC Patesi PHC Ajaokuta Kogi Central

2 Zonal Hospital, Okene Secondary Okene

3 BHC Ogori Primary Ogori

4 GH Obangede Secondary Okehi

5 GH Okengwe Secondary Okene

6 PHC Ikuehi PHC Okehi

7 PHC Ogigiri PHC Ajaokuta

8 ASCL Medical Centre Tertiary Ajaokuta

9 Oziokotu PHC PHC Adavi

10 PHC Nagazi PHC Adavi

11 Kabba Zonal Hospital Secondary Kabba

Bunu

Kogi West

12 Egbe ECWA Hospital Mission Yagba

West

13 Koton Karfe General Hospital Secondary Kogi

14 Federal Medical Centre, Lokoja Tertiary Lokoja

15 Isanlu General Hospital Secondary Yagba East

16 Mopa General Hospital Secondary Ijumu

17 Ife-Olukotun General Hospital Secondary Yagba East

18 Egbeda, MCH PHC Kabba

Bunu

50 | P a g e

19 St John Catholic Hospital, Kabba Secondary(Mission) Kabba

Bunu

20 Phc, Aiyede PHC Kabba

Bunu

21 Kogi State Uni.Teach. Hosp.,

Anyigba

Tertiary Dekina Kogi East

22 Zonal Hospital, Ankpa Secondary Ankpa

23 Zonal Hospital, Idah Secondary Idah

24 Zonal Hospital, Dekina Secondary Dekina

25 General Hospita,l Okpo Secondary Olamaboro

26 General Hospital, Ugwolawo Secondary Ofu

27 Grimard Catholic Hospital, Anyigba Mission Dekina

28 Holley Memorial Hospital,

Ochadamu

Mission Ofu

29 Phc Ajiyolo, Ojaji PHC Dekina

30 Comprehensive Health Centre,

Ofugo

PHC Ankpa

Total Health Facilities 27

*Facilities highlighted could not be reached

ANNEX 6: RELEVANT KEY INFORMANTS (STAKEHOLDERS)

1. State Ministry of Health (SMoH)

2. State Ministry of Women Affairs and Social Development (SMoWASD)

3. State Primary Health Care Development Board (SPHCDB)

4. Nigerian Police

5. Nigerian Security Civil Defense Corp (NSCDC)

6. NAPTIP

7. Non-Governmental Organisation (NGO)

a. Community Based Organisation (CBO)

51 | P a g e

b. Faith Based Organisation (FBO)

c. CIVIL Society Organisation (CSO)

8. LGA Social Welfare Unit

9. Health workers in a selected Health Facilities

10. Traditional leaders

11. Religious leaders

12. Women leaders

13. Youth leaders

14. Media

ANNEX 7: QUESTION GUIDE FOR SMOH/SMOWASD/LGA FOCAL PERSONS

(Briefly describe the purpose of interview by MCSP)

Date __________________________________________

Organization/Dept _______________________________

Position of respondent ____________________________

Contact of respondent (email & telephone) ____________________________

1. What is your view about GBV within the state? _______________________

2. What do you think are major GBV concerns in the state?

3. What is the state government doing in relation to GBV prevention and response?

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

__________________

4. Are you aware of any law/policies on GBV (YES/NO)

*If YES above, what policies? _______________________

5. Does your Ministry use any guidelines on GBV (YES/NO)

*if yes list____________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________

6. What available programs does the Ministry/LGA have on GBV (Ask same for State

Govt)________________________________________________________________________

52 | P a g e

_____________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________

7. How do you handle GBV cases? (ask for collaborations with

organizations)_________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

__________________________

8. Do you have the contact information of any organization performing the following service

S/N Category of referral service Name of Organization/Address Contact Person Telephone number

8a. Health

8b. Legal assistance

8c. Law enforcement

8d. Shelter/safe house

8e. Psychosocial counseling

8f. Social re-integration

53 | P a g e

8g. Economic reintegration

8h. Others

9. Is there any reporting mechanism for these organizations on GBV

activities_____________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

10. Average number of GBV cases that was reported within the past one year?

____________________________________________________________________

11. What challenges does your Ministry/LGA have in preventing and responding to GBV?

a) Funding

b) Poor logistics

c) Poor collaborations

d) Lack of expertise

e) Difficult access

f) Man power shortage

g) Others

12. As a major stakeholder in the state, what other suggestions do you have about GBV

prevention and response in the state?

_________________________________________________________________________

THANK YOU

54 | P a g e

Annex 8: GBV Rapid Assessment Tool

QUESTION GUIDE FOR HEALTH FACILITY

General Demographic Information

Date:___________________________________

Health Facility ________________________________

State/LGA ______________________________

Senatorial Zone ____________________________

Community ______________________________

Community Status (rural/urban)________________

Ensure you interview the health worker that is most informed (e.g. IOC, Doctor, Nurse, etc.), trying as much as possible not to disrupt service delivery at the health facility.

1. What do you know about GBV?

*Do a brief introduction of GBV to the respondent, asking them about rape, intimate partner

violence, trafficking of girls and women, Female genital mutilation, child abuse, child marriage,

psychological violence, economic violence, etc.

Briefly find out what type occurs frequently and the steps they take in management of survivors

(I.e. at the facility, if/how they refer and if they follow up afterwards)

2. What is the GBV situation around this community and what type of GBV is common here?

3. Do survivors normally come to seek help at the facility?

4. When there are symptoms of GBV, do survivors open up to the health worker for help?

5. What does your facility do for survivors when they come?

6. Most survivors that come to the clinic fall within what category:

a. Child, adult, elderly

b. Gender (Male, Female)

7. Do you have the contact information of any organization performing the following services.

55 | P a g e

S/N Category of referral service Name of Organization/Address

Contact Person

Telephone number

1. Health

2 Law enforcement (Police or

others)

3. Legal assistance

4. Shelter/safe house

5. Psychosocial counseling

6. Social re-integration

7. Economic re-integration

8. Others

8. How does the survivor access the service? (*i.e. pertaining to HFs that refer)

*Thank the respondent

56 | P a g e

ANNEX 9: GBV ASSESSMENT/REFERRAL SERVICE MAPPING

QUESTION GUIDE FOR REFERRAL ORGANIZATIONS

(Briefly describe the purpose of interview by MCSP)

1. Date_____________________________________________________________________

2. Name and address of Organization______________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________

3. LGA/Community of operation __________________________________________________

4. Focal person’s contact (email & telephone)________________________________________

5. Designation of the respondent within Organization_________________________________

6. Designated organization’s official telephone number(s) ______________________________

7. Type of organization

a. Governmental [ ]

b. International NGO [ ]

c. National NGO [ ]

d. Faith Based Organization [ ]

e. Community Based Organization [ ]

f. Others [ ] ___________________________________________________________

8. Who are your target population

a. Women [ ]

b. Child/youths/orphans [ ]

c. PLHIVs [ ]

d. IDPs [ ]

e. Others [ ]

9. What sector are you working in (Tick one or more)

a. Legal assistance

b. Law enforcement [ ]

c. Health services [ ]

d. Referrals [ ]

e. Shelter/safe house [ ]

57 | P a g e

f. Psychosocial counseling [ ]

g. Social re-integration [ ]

h. Economic re-integration [ ]

i. Community mobilization and Advocacy [ ]

j. Sensitization with IEC [ ]

k. Others [ ]

10. What is your source of funding?

11. How do you identify GBV Survivors

____________________________________________________________________________

12. How do you get them enrolled in your services?

____________________________________________________________________________

13. How do you handle GBV cases when you find them

____________________________________________________________________________

14. What are your organizations hours of operation? ___________________________________

15. Are your services free of charge (YES/NO)

16. Are you aware of any law/policies on GBV (YES/NO)

17. Does your organization use any guidelines on GBV (YES/NO) (if yes sight)

18. Does your organization have any other affiliations?

19. What is the average number of GBV incidents reported to your organization in the last one

year_______________________________________________________________________

20. Do you have any suggestions about GBV prevention and response______________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

THANK YOU

58 | P a g e

ANNEX 10: GBV ASSESSMENT SUMMARY TEMPLATE

HEALTH FACILITIES

1. Knowledge of GBV VERY GOOD GOOD FAIR POOR

2. Commonest type of GBV in community IPV RAPE

TRAFFICKING FGM CHILD MARRIAGE/ABUSE ECONOMIC V

PSYCHOLOGIC V

3. Rate of seeking help at facility HIGH LOW

4. Rate of confiding in HW HIGH LOW

5. Care given at facility MEDICAL COUNSELLING REFERRAL

6(a). Age of survivors CHILD TEENAGE ADULT ELDERLY

6(b). Gender of survivors MALE FEMALE

7. Contact info. for referral services YES NO

ANNEX 11: REFERRAL ORGANIZATION SUMMARY TEMPLATE

1. Type of organization A. B. C. D. E. F.

2. Target population A. B. C. D. E.

3. Sector A. B. C. D. E. F.

G. H. I. J. K.

4. Funding GOVT. DONOR INTERNALLY

GENERATED OTHERS

5. Identifying survivors OUTREACH SELF REPORT REFERRALS

OTHERS

6. Enrolment (applies for direct services) AUTOMATIC EXISTING

PROTOCOL/CONDITIONS

7. Handling of GBV cases OFFER DIRECT SERVICE REFER

59 | P a g e

8. Hours of operation BTW 8-5PM BEYOND 5PM

9. No charges for services YES NO

10. Awareness of GBV policies YES NO

11. Usage of GBV guidelines/policy YES NO

12. Any affiliations YES NO

13. Average cases per year 0-20 21-40 41-60 61-80 81-100

>100

14. Suggestions POLICY ENFORCEMENT COMMUNITY SENSZ/ADV

SERVICE PROVISION/LINKING

COLLABORATIONS FUNDING

OTHERS

ANNEX 12: STATE MINISTRIES/LGA SUMMARY TEMPLATE

1. View on GBV ISSUE OF ATTENTION NOT AN ISSUE OF

ATTENTION INDIFFERENT

2. Major concerns CULTURE/SOCIETY POVERTY

INADEQ RESPONSE/SERVICES

POOR REPORTING OTHERS

3. Awareness of laws/policies YES NO

4. Usage of guidelines YES NO

5. Available progs HEALTH LEGAL POLICY ADVC LAW

ENF SENTZ/ADVC

SHELTER COUNSELING SOCIAL RE-INT

ECONOMIC RE-INT

6. Reporting mechanism for referral services YES

NO

60 | P a g e

7. No. of cases reported per year 0-10 11-20 21-30 31-40

41-50 51-60

61-70 70-100 >100

8. Challenges A. B. C. D. E. F.

G.

ANNEX 13: ASSESSMENT WORKPLAN

WORKPLAN FOR CONDUCTING GBV ASSESSMENT IN MCSP SUPPORTED FACILITIES IN KOGI AND EBONYI STATE

MONTHS/YEAR

DAYS/DATES

DESCRIPTION OF ACTIVITIES 5/7

/17

6/7

/17

7/7

/17

10

/7/1

7

11

/7/1

7

12

/7/1

7

13

/7/1

7

14

/7/1

7

15

/7/1

7

17

/7/1

7

18

/7/1

7

19

/7/1

7

20

/7/1

7

21

/7/1

7

22

/7/1

7

24

/7/1

7

25

/7/1

7

Planning meeting at Abuja office to

develop workplan and data collection

instrument for GBV

Development of criteria for selecting

referral organization & referral matrix

Field testing of HF tool

De-briefing meeting at MCSP Abuja to

present workplan, data collection tools

directory matrix to MCSP for review and

1 | P a g e

inputs

Arrival at the state of assignment and

meeting with the state MCSP

Analysis of key informants to be

interviewed with the state MCSP

and identification of NGOs, CBOs &FBOs

that provides services for GBV clients

Advocacy visit to the SMoH & SMoWASD

with the state MCSP

Identification of 3 senatorial zone &

selection of 10 H/F in each zone to visit

Advocacy visit to the traditional rulers/

in charges of 30 selected H/Fs

Advocacy visit to the selected NGOs,CBOs

for key information on the scope of their

activities

Field visit to the 30 H/Fs to discuss

findings

Report writing and de-briefing at Abuja

office