GENERAL PERVAIZ MUSHARRAF AND HIS RULES

GENERAL PERVAIZ MUSHARRAF ANDHIS RULES

PRESENTED

BY

IRUM BBA(hons) 6th semester

GENERAL PERVEZ MUSHARRAF

General Pervez Musharraf was 10th President of Pakistan and the Chief of Army Staff of the Pakistan Army

AWARDS

Tamgha-e-Basalat

Hilal-e-Imtiaz (Military)

Nishan-e-Imtiaz (Military

BookPervez Musharraf, In the Line of Fire: A Memoir (2006)

ACHIEVEMENTS

Legislation against honor killings. Women Protection Bill.

Empowerment of minorities through joint electorate as well as reserved seats.

Empowerment of younger generation by reducing voter age from 21 to 18 years.

Empowerment of media by allowing total freedom to press and print media and flow of information.

Record allocations for science and technology, education and health sectors.

Emphasis on human resource development.

Free, Fair, Transparent and Peaceful Elections

EARLY LIFE

Pervez Musharraf was born in Nahr wali Haveli, situated in Mohallah Kacha Saad Ullah, Daryaganj in Delhi, British India on August 11, 1943.

He comes from a family of bureaucrats.

After partition, Musharraf family migrated to Pakistan

Musharraf attended Saint Patrick's School, Karachi, graduating in 1958 before going on to attend Forman Christian College in Lahore. He also participated in a certificate course in Delhi for media management from Delhi university.

Musharraf married to Sehba, 28 December 1968 who is from Okara.

MILITARY CAREER

In 1961,at the age of 18 he entered the Pakistan Military Academy at Kakul, graduated 11th in his class and was commissioned in 1964 in the Artillery Regiment .

Then he joined Special Services Group and then was posted to Field Artillery Regiments.

A graduate of the Staff College, Quetta, and the National Defense College, Rawalpindi, Musharraf is also a graduate of the Royal College of Defense Studies of the United Kingdom.

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Siachen conflict

In September 1987, he was instrumental in giving orders to a newly formed SSG at Khapalu base (Kashmir), which launched an assault and successfully captured two intermediate posts, Bilafond La in Siachen Glacier, before being pushed back.

On promotion to the rank of Major General on January 15, 1991, he was assigned the command of an Infantry Division. Later, on promotion to Lieutenant General on October 21, 1995

ROLE IN KARGIL CONFLICT

Musharraf was a leading strategist behind the Kargil Conflict. From March to May 1999, he ordered the secret infiltration of Kashmiri forces in theKargil district.

After India discovered the infiltration, a fierce Indian offensive nearly led to a full-scale war.However, Sharif withdrew support of the insurgents in the border conflict in July because of heightened international pressure.

PRESIDENCY

Musharraf became Head of Government of Pakistan following a bloodless coup on 12 October 1999. That day, the constitutional Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif attempted to dismiss Musharraf and install Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI) Director Khwaja Ziauddin in his place.

Musharraf assumed control of the government. Sharif was put under house arrest and later exiled. Rafiq Tarar, remained in office until June 2001. Musharraf formally appointed himself President on June 20, 2001, just days before his scheduled visit to Agra for talks with India.

2002 elections

He held a referendum on April 30, 2002 to extend his presidential term to five years after the October elections.

General elections were held in October 2002 and a plurality of the seats in the Parliament was won by the PML-Q, a pro-Musharraf party.

In November 2002, Musharraf handed over certain powers to the newly elected Parliament. The National Assembly elected Mir Zafarullah Khan Jamali as Prime Minister of Pakistan, who in turn appointed his own cabin.

2004 confidence vote and resignation of Jamali

On January 1, 2004 Musharraf won a confidence vote in the Electoral College of Pakistan, consisting of both houses of Parliament and the four provincial assemblies

As a result of this vote, according to Article 41(8) of the Constitution of Pakistan, Musharraf was "deemed to be elected" to the office of President. His term now extends to 2007

Prime Minister Jamali resigned on 26 June 2004, after losing the support of party, the PML-Q.

Musharraf nominated Shaukat Aziz, as a new prime minister.

FOREIGN POLICY

Musharraf, in his memoir, says, he had little choice after theSeptember 11 attacksbut to back the U.S.-led war on terror, fearing the threats made by that time U.S.Secretary of StateColin Powell on a phone call to him. He said "You are either with us or against us". The next day, he says, Powell's then deputy,Richard Armitage , telephoned the chief of Pakistan's top spy agency, and threatened to bomb Pakistan back to the stone age.

On the pressure aforementioned, Musharraf accepted all the seven points, set before him as demands, byColin Powell. This readiness amazed Washingtonand has been criticized since in Pakistan.

Fall from the presidency

By August 2007, polls showed 64 percent of Pakistanis did not want another Musharraf term.

Controversies involving theatomic issues,Lal Masjid incident, unsuccessfuloperation in West,suspensionof famedChief Justice, and widely circulated criticisms from rivals Benazir BhuttoandNawaz Sharif, had brutalized the personal image of Musharraf in public and political circles and dramatically fell from the presidency within a matter of eight months.

Suspension and reinstatement of the Chief Justice

On 9 March 2007, Musharraf suspended Chief JusticeIftikhar Muhammad Chaudhryand pressed corruption charges against him.

On 12 March 2007, lawyers started a campaign called Judicial Activism across Pakistan and began boycotting all court procedures in protest against the suspension.

Slowly the expressions of support for the ousted Chief Justice gathered momentum and by May, protesters and opposition parties took out huge rallies against Musharraf and his tenure as army chief was also challenged in the courts.

LAL MASJID SEIGE

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The mosque was often attended by prominent politicians including prime ministers, army chiefs, and presidents.

In April 2007, the mosque administration started to encourage attacks on local video shops, alleging that they were selling illegal films, and massage parlours, which were alleged to be used as brothels. These attacks were often carried out by the mosque's female students.

Later on Fir was registered against musharaf for his role in lal masjid .

RESIGNATION

On 2 October 2007, Musharraf appointed GeneralTariq MajidasChairmanJoint Chiefs Committeeand approved GeneralAshfaq Kayani as vice chief of the army starting 8 October. When Musharraf resigned from military on 28 November 2007, Kayani becameChief of Army Staff

State of emergency

On 3 November 2007 Musharraf declaredemergency ruleacross Pakistan. He suspended theConstitution, imposed State of Emergency, and fired the Chief Justice of theSupreme Courtagain.

InIslamabad, troops entered the Supreme Court building, arrested the judges and kept them under detention in their homes. Troops were deployed inside state-run TV and radio stations, while independent channels went off air. Public protests mounted against Musharraf.

2008 general elections

General elections were held on 18 February 2008, in which thePakistan Peoples Party(PPP) polled the highest votes and won the most seats.

Syed Yousaf Raza Gillaniwas elected for the country's next prime minister.

On 18 August 2008, Musharraf announced his resignation. On the following day, he defended his nine-year rule in an hour-long televised speech. On 23 November 2008 he left for exile in London where he arrived the following day.

Return to Pakistan and electoral disqualification

Since the start of 2011, news had circulated that Musharraf would return to Pakistan before the2013 general election. He himself vowed this in several interviews. OnPiers Morgan Tonight, Musharraf announced his plans to return to Pakistan on 23 March 2012 in order to seek the Presidency in 2013.

On 24 March 2013, after a four-year self-imposed exile, he returned to Pakistan

On 16 April 2013, an electoral tribunal inChitraldeclared Musharraf disqualified from candidacy there, effectively quashing his political ambitions .

Court arrest orders

On Friday 26 April 2013 the court ordered house arrest for Musharraf in connection with the death of Benazir Bhutto.

On 2 September 2013, aFIRwas registered against Pervez Musharraf for his role in theLal Masjid Operation2007.

.On 20 May, a Pakistani court granted bail to Musharraf.On 12 June 2014 Sindh High Court allowed him to travel abroad.

LEGACY

Musharraf is a moderate leader, with liberal and progressive ideas. He has also expressed admiration for the founder of the Turkish Republic Kemal Ataturk. Musharraf's policy is often seen as a secularist counterpart to militant Islam.

His government maintains that Pakistan is prospering due to his economic and social reforms. Statements issued by the government suggest significant improvement in the economy.