general safety2.pdf
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CHEMICAL, BIOLOGICAL, AND
RADIOLOGICAL DEFENSE
P R E S E N T E D B Y : U T 1 ( S C W ) K A I N , M I C H A E L
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INTRODUCTION
The Why of CBR TrainingWWI Chemical Warfare ThreatWWII Nuclear ThreatPresent Threat of all 3 put Navy into motion for Positive Defensive
Posture against CBR
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US NATIONAL POLICY
The US is prohibited from first strike
against against attacking nations with
chemical agents
Authority must come from the Presidentof the United States for
countermeasures
United States WILL NOT USE Biological
Agents including toxins
All Biological research programs are
used only for vaccines, antidotes, etc.
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LEARNING OBJECTIVES 1
Recognize Chemical, Biological, and Radiological (CBR) AttackMethods
Recognize the Need for CBR DefenseIdentify Terms Used With CBR
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PURPOSE OF CBR WEAPONS
Mass Destruction- Targets and Personnel- Produce Explosions of Great Force and Heat- Produces Nuclear Radiation- (Mega Death = 10,000+)
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Weapons of Mass Destruction
NUCLEAR
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Mass Casualties- Personnel, Livestock, and/or Crops- Microorganisms, Fungi, Toxins, and Microtoxins to cause diseases or cause othercasualties
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BIOLOGICAL
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Mass Casualties- Personnel, Livestock, and/or Crops- Kill or disable personnel by affecting their blood, nerves, eyes, skin, lungs, orstomach
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CHEMICAL
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METHODSuclear- Bombs, Missiles, Projectiles, etc.Chemical
- Limited to certain types according to chemical make-upBiological
- Aerosols are most probable
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CHEMICAL
WARFARE
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LEARNING OBJECTIVES 2
Identify terms used with Chemical Warfare (CW)Identify types of CWIdentify the of effects of CW agentsIdentify Self-Aid and First-Aid methods for countering nerve, blister,
and choking agents
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2 TYPES OF CW
1. Casualty CW Agents- Death- Severe Incapacitation- Classified as Persistent or No persistent- Blood, Blister, Choking, or Nerve Agents- Cumulative (1+1=?) according to dosage
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2. Incapacitating CW Agents- Temporarily disable- Produce physiological and/or psychological (Head vs. Mind)- Riot Control Agents (RCAs)
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EFFECTServeBlisterBloodChokingRiot Control Agents
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NERVE AGENTS
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BLISTER AGENTS (AKA MUSTARD)
Attacks Moist Parts of BodyInside:LungsMucous membranesEyes
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Outside: Neck
Genitals
Groin
Armpits
Bends of knees and elbows
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BLOOD AGENTS
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CHOKING AGENTS
Affects the respiratory system by filling lungs with fluidImmediate dryness of throatCoughingChokingTightness of ChestHeadacheNauseaIrritated and watery eyes
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RIOT CONTROL AGENTS (RCA)
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BIOLOGICA
L
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Warfare
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LEARNING OBJECTIVES 3
Recall the Terms Used With Biological Warfare (BW)Identify the Types of BWIdentify the Effects of BW
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DEFINED:
The intentional use of livingorganisms, toxins, and micro toxinsto disable or to destroy people and
domestic animals, damage crops, ordeteriorate supplies.
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TYPES
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ADVANTAGES
Least expensive CBR agent to produce and buyToxins and Micro toxins are hundreds to thousands times stronger
than todays chemical weapons
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Disadvantages Environment critical
Not easy to use/distribute
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METHODS OF DEPLOYMENT
VectorsAerosolsFoodWater
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SYMPTOMS
Fever First Indication- Measures degree of severity
Malaise Feeling of bodily discomfort and weaknessInflammation Caused by bodiestissue combating thedisease
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NUCLEARWARFARE
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LEARNING OBJECTIVES 4
Identify the Types of Nuclear WarfareIdentify the Effects of Nuclear Weapons
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MORE BANG FOR THE BUCK
There is no difference between nuclear weapons and ordinary highexplosive weapons except for the size of destruction and added
effects of nuclear radiation.
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BLAST CLASSIFICATIONS
High Altitude Blast: 100,000+ feet- Destroy Communications with EMP
Air Blast: 100,000- feet- Cause Structural Damage with Expansion and Compression
Surface Blast: The Fire Touches Earth (Ground Zero)- Shockwave, Blast wave, Intense Fire, & Nuclear Fallout
Subsurface (Underwater) Blast:- Water Does Most of the Damage
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CONTAMINATION,
DETECTION, &IDENTIFICATION
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LEARNING OBJECTIVES 5
Identify the Purpose of CBR monitoring and decontamination teamsIdentify markers used to indicate CBR contaminationRecall the purpose of the markers used to indicate CBR contamination
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PURPOSE
After an attack, what is theextent of the damage?
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SURVEY TEAMS
Monitor Head of the team and carries detection equipmentRecorder Maintains record of all readings, including time, location, and specific hazardMessenger Reports to Damage Control Central
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CBR CONTAMINATION MARKERS
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TYPES OF DETECTION EQUIPMENT
Radioactive- Self Reading Pocket Dosimeter- DT-60/PD
Biological- Lab Sampling (Medical)
Chemical- M256A1- M8 and M9 Liquid Chemical Agent Papers
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CBR PROTECTIVEMEASURES
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LEARNING OBJECTIVE 6
Recognize the procedures to follow in case of a CBR attack
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WHAT TO DO IN A CBR ATTACK
Nuclear Attack- Get below and behind and remain till the all clear is given- Have mask ready
BW or CW Attack- Avoid the spray, mist or cloud- Wear your mask- Seek shelter and cover the body- Assume all areas are contaminated- Get to Decon
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MCU-2/P (CONT.)
When you hear the alarm for a CBR attack:STOP breathingYou should only need 10 secondsDecon face and eyes if needed firstDoes not produce oxygenProtects against all known CBR agents
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CPO SUIT, BOOTS & GLOVES
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MISSION ORIENTED PROTECTIVE POSTURE (MOPP)
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LEARNING OBJECTIVE 7
Recall the procedures for protection at each level of Mission OrientedProtective Posture (MOPP)
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MOPP LEVELS
Level-1- Equipment at the ready and stowed
Level-2- CPU-2/P w/canister in carrier and worn on person
Level-3- Don Trousers and Smock (hood down)- Don Boots- Carry Gloves, M291Personal decon kit, and med. Kit- Fit new filter to CPU-2/PLevel-4- Don CPU-2/P
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DAMAGE CONTROL
DC IS EVERYONES RESPONSIBILITYWHAT ARE THE TWO ORGANIAZAITONS THAT
DEALS WITH DAMAGE CONTROL?ADMINISTRATION & BATTLEWHEN IS MATERIAL READINES
ACCOMPLISHED?WHEN DC FITTINGS AND EQUIPMENT ARE
AVAILABLE AND WORKING RIGHT IN ANEMERGENCY.
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DC
WHO IS RESPONSIBLE FOR MAINTAINING PROPERLY TRAINING DCPOS REPAIRPARTIES, AND REPAIR LOCKERS?
ENGINEERING OFFICERDCA COORDINATES ALL EFFORTS
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DC RESPONSIBILITIES
CO: OVERALL RESPONSIBLEXO: CONSIDERED THE SENIOR PERSON ASSIGNED TO THE DAMAGE CONTROL
TRAINING TEAM (DCTT)REMEMBER DCCT IS RESPONSIBLE FOR ALL DRILLS AND EXERCISES
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DCCT
DCCT EVALUATES AND CRITIQUES YOUR DC TEAMS.ENGINEER OFFICER: SHIPS DC OFFICER. REVIEWS ALL ADMIN ITEMS DONE BY THE
DCADCA (DAMAGE CONTROL OFFICER): PRIMARY ASSISTANT TO THE DCO.
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DCPO
MUST HAVE COMPLETED PQS, EACH WORK CENTER HASONE, (THE XO MUST GIVE FINAL APPROVAL ONQUALS).RESPONSIBLE FOR?ALL PHASES OF SHIPS DC, FIREFIGHTING, SUPERVISING
SETTING OF MATERIAL CONDITIONS, WEIGHS CO2BOTTLES, ALL COMPARTMENTS ARE PROPERLYCODED, POST SAFETY NOTICES, ASSIST DIVO ININSPECTING SPACES
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DC CENTRAL
PURPOSE IS TO COLLECT AND COMPARE REPORTS FROM REPAIR STATIONS TO MAKECORRECTIVE ACTIONS.
THIS IS THE NERVE CENTER OF THE DC ORGANIZATION.MAKES REPORTS TO CENTRAL CONTROL STATIONS (CCS)
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REPAIR PARTIES
ALL SHIPS MUST HAVE A MINIMUM OF HOW MANY REPAIR PARTIES?3 REPAIR 2, 3, AND 5
IN PORT EMERGENCY TEAM (IET)DUTY SECTION PERSONNELRESCUE AND ASSISTANCEALL SHIPS HAVE FOR SEA/PORT
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DC
RAPID RESPONSE TEAM GOES DIRECTLY TO THE SCENE WHEN THERE IS A FIRE OREMERGENCY.
GENERAL QUARTERS (GQ)ALL HANDS EVOLUTION AND IS THE HIGHEST STATE OF READINESS. ALL LOCKERS
MANNED. DON BATTLE DRESS.
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MATERIAL CONDITIONS
ZEBRA: SET WHEN GQ SOUNDED, ENTERING/LEAVING PORT IN WAR, WHEN CODEEMS NECESSARY
SPECIAL CLASSES:CIRCLE ZEBRA, OPENED WITH PERMISSION OF CO ONLY.DOG ZEBRA: DARKEN SHIP
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EEBD
EMERGENY ESCAPE BREATHING DEVICE: PROVIDES YOU WITH HOW MANY MINUTESOF BREATHABLE AIR?
15SEED (SUPPLEMENTAL EMERGENY EGRESS DEVICE): FOR WEAR IN ENGINEERING
SPACES
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OBA
OXYGEN BREATHING APPARATUS: PRIMARY TOOL USED TO FIGHT FIRESWHAT IS THE EFFECTIVE TIME LIMIT?45 MINUTESALWAYS ALLOW HOW MANY MINUTES TO LEAVE AREA?15
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DC
WHAT DEVICE IS REPLACING THE OBA?THE SCBA-SELF CONTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS.HOW LONG WILL EACH BOTTLE LAST?30 MINUTES FROM TIME ACTIVATED
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SURVIVAL
ABANDON SHIP:GO OVER THE SIDE FULLY CLOTHED WHEN POSSIBLE.TAKE EXTRA GLOVES/CLOTHESLEAVE THE SHIP FROM WHICHEVER SIDE OF THE SHIP IS LOWER IN THE WATER.LEAVE BY THE WINDWARD SIDE IF POSSIBLE
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SURVIVAL
THINK COMMAN SENSE, WHICH ONE PROVIDES YOUR GREATEST CHANCE OFSURVIVAL?
LETS DISCUSS EQUIPMENT ON LIFE BOATS: CHAPTER 15 PG 10
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