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Genesis of the Book

General of the Army

• General of the Army (Grant, Sherman, and Sheridan)

• General of the Armies (Pershing and Washington)

• General of the Army rank (temporary) reestablished by Public Law 78-482, 14 Dec 1944

• Army Reg 600-35 authorized five star insignia

• Public Law 333, passed in March, 1946, made five-star rank permanent

• Also established Fleet Admiral rank

Officer Education and the Fort Leavenworth Schools, 1881-1940

Fort Leavenworth 1881-1918

• School of Application for Infantry and Cavalry, est. 1881

• Spanish-American War and Root Reforms

• General Order No. 155, 27 Nov 1901

• School of the Line/General Staff College

• World War I • Langres Course, 1917-1918

Fort Leavenworth 1919-1940

• 1919-1923: pre-1916 Model followed

• Command and General Staff School established, 1923

• Two-year course established, 1928

• Reverted to one-year course, 1935

• Between the wars = 3,677 officers graduated from one and two year courses

Generals of the Army

• George Catlett Marshall • Douglas MacArthur • Dwight D. Eisenhower • Henry H. “Hap” Arnold • Omar N. Bradley

Biographical Chapters*

• Family and Early Life • Early Military Career • Leavenworth Experience • Rise to Greatness • Wartime Career • Post-War Career • Lasting Historical Significance

*Chapter Authors are serving Military History faculty at CGSC.

George C. Marshall • Born 31 Dec, 1880, in Uniontown, PA • Graduated from VMI In 1901 • Attended School of Application for Infantry and

Cavalry, 1906-1908 • Served as instructor in Department of Engineering,

1909-1910 • Deployed to France with 1st Infantry Division in

1917 • Finished the war as BG, deputy chief of staff for

operations, 1st Army • Became Assistant Commandant of Infantry School

in 1927 • President Roosevelt named him 15th Army Chief of

Staff on 27 April 1939 • Promoted to General of the Army in Dec 1944 • Served as Secretary of State and Secretary of

Defense • Died in 1959

Douglas MacArthur • Born 26 Jan, 1880, in Little Rock, AR • Stationed at Leavenworth with his father, 1886-

1889 • Graduated from West Point In 1903 • Served at Leavenworth, 1908-1912 • Deployed to France with 42nd Division in Oct,

1917 • Promoted to BG in June, 1918 • Became West Point Superintendant in 1919 • Became commander of Military District of Manila

in 1922 • Became Army Chief of Staff in Nov 1930 • Returned to the Philippines in 1935 • Escaped from Corregidor in Feb 1942 • Returned to the Philippines in Oct 1944 • Promoted to General of the Army, 18 Dec 1944 • Named UNC commander and directs Inchon

Landing • Relieved by President Truman in April 1951 • Died 5 Apr 1964

Dwight D. Eisenhower • Born 14 Oct 1890 in Denison, TX, but grew up in

Abilene, KS • Graduated from West Point in June 1915 • Trained troops during WWI • Attended Command and General Staff College

1925-26 • Served as MacArthur’s military assistant in the

Philippines, 1935-39 • Named Commander of ETO, June 1942 • Oversaw Operations TORCH and HUSKY, 1943 • Named Supreme Commander Allied Expeditionary

Force, Dec 1943 • Commander Operation OVERLORD, June 1944 • Promoted to General of the Army, 20 Dec 1944 • Became Army Chief of Staff, Nov 1945 • 34th President of the United States, 1953-61 • Died on 28 Mar, 1969

Henry H. “Hap” Arnold • Born 25 June, 1886, in Gladwyne, PA • Graduated from West Point in 1907 • Initially commissioned in the Infantry and

assigned to the Philippines • Took flight training in 1911 and became

close personal friend with Billy Mitchell • Attended Command and Staff College,

1928-29 • Named Assistant Chief of Air Corps in

1935 • Became Chief of Staff, Army Air Forces,

1938 • Promoted to 5-star rank on 21 Dec, 1944 • Died 5 Jan, 1950

Omar N. Bradley • Born 12 Feb, 1893, in Clark, MO • Attended West Point, 1911-1915 • Early assignments included Fort Wright, Fort

Benning, and Hawaii • Attended Command and General Staff College,

1928-29 • Commandant of the Infantry School, 1940-41 • Commander of the 82nd Division, 1941-42 • Commander of II Corps, 1943 • Commander of 12th Army Group, 1944 • Became Army Chief of Staff, 1948 • Became Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff, 1949 • Promoted to General of the Army, 22 Sep 1950 • Died 8 April 1981

Afterword

“It is at the Command and General Staff College that field grade officers receive an educational experience that prepares them for the rest of their careers of service to the Army and the nation…” General David H. Petraeus, 2006

Questions?