Genetics Genetics

Who is the father of genetics?

Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)

an Austrian monk and biologist whose work

on heredity became the basis of the modern

theory of genetics.

What is Genetics

Genetics - is the study of heredity and

how an organisms traits are related.

What is Genetics

Heredity – the transfer of traits from

parent to offspring. Traits result from the

mixing of genes.

What is Genetics

Gene – sequence of DNA that is coded to

express a hereditary characteristic or trait.

What is Genetics

Trait – a distinguishing characteristic

What is Genetics

DNA - The main component of

chromosomes and is the material that

transfers genetic characteristics in all life

forms from parents to offspring.

What is Genetics

Chromosome - A threadlike linear strand

of DNA in the nucleus of animal and plant

cells that carries the genes.

What is Genetics

Allele - One member of a pair or series of

genes that occupies a specific position on

a specific chromosome.

What is Genetics

Generation - All of the offspring that are at

the same stage of descent from a common

ancestor.

What is Genetics

Dominant trait - a trait that will appear in the offspring.

Recessive trait - a trait that must be contributed by both parents in order to appear in the offspring. Recessive traits can be carried in a person's genes without appearing in that person.

Straight thumb is

dominant to curved

thumb, which is

recessive

Free earlobe is

dominant and

attached is

recessive

What is Genetics

Homozygous - having identical alleles for

any one gene. Genotype: AA or aa

Heterozygous - having different alleles for

any one gene. Genotype: Aa

What is Genetics

Genotype - The genetic makeup of an

organism.

Phenotype - The observable physical

appearance of an organism.

Asexual Sexual

1 Parent 2 Parents

Offspring has no genetic variation Offspring has genetic variation

Simple Organ System Complex Organ System

Clones of Parent Similar Characteristics to parents