genocides “i couldn’t do this to someone” (waller 2006) friday 13 th february
TRANSCRIPT
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Genocides“I couldn’t do this to someone”
(Waller 2006)
Friday 13th February
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Outcomes of this lesson Last lesson This lesson Next lesson Evaluated the variations of Milgram’s studies
Must: Identify three different types of genocide
Should: discuss the genocides and relate to Milgram’s study
Could: Evaluate if Milgram’s study really supports what happens in Genocide
The flaws of Milgram’s study
Ethical issues• Beaumrind (1964)• Orne and Holland
(1968)
Workshop for timed assignment
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Obedience
• In an authority setting, people feel obliged to follow the orders even if they agree with them or not.. ( Kelman and Hamilton, 1991)
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Things to consider…
• How does Milgram’s experiment compare to what is been witnessed in these following genocides?
• What is different?
• Can Milgram justify his findings based on Genocide- that ordinary people are capable of mass killing?
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The Armenian Genocide
Pope Francis describing the mass killings of Armenians during World War I as “the first genocide of the twentieth century”
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The facts… • The Ottoman empire: one of the most powerful states • Armenians lived as second class citizens- tolerated but less rights• Such as, denied safeguards- state protection and high taxes and lastly inability
to partake in government. • Decline led to political upheaval led to Armenians wanting protection• This ignited suspicions from the ruling Muslim Turks = series of massacres to
scare Armenians - killed 300,000 in retaliation and inflicted enormous loss. • Decline of the empire led to young Turks seizing power and forming the CUP
(committee of union and progress)• Formation of an exclusive Muslim state • WW1 broke out and CUP formed a triple alliance with central powers:
Germany, Austria and Hungry, thus declaring war on Russia and allies, namely France and Great Britain .
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gE-XI6blXB0• Handout: ‘Armenian Genocide’
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The Cambodian Genocide
A short documentary on the genocide:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_IbmjU0U54kCAUTION: SOME DISTURBING IMAGES!!
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The Facts…
• Handout:
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My Lai Massacre - 1968
• “ Kill anything that moves…”-(My Lai Officer Calley)
• “Destroy the enemy”• !!Sensitive!!
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QDiyqvcIpuc
• !!Sensitive!! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tSKA_Ce4lBg
• Used Milgram’s experiment as a defence in the trial
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Milgram and the ‘Agentic state’
• Handout • individuals act as agents for others• their own consciences are not in control
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Problems with Milgram
• No everyone obeys• Le Chambon• Sheltered jewsOpenly defied orders To cooperate with newRegime Less stories of deviance then ObedienceBut to be fair not everyone obeyed in the Milgram study!
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Gamson et al (1982): Defiance
• A3 HANDOUT
•
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Baumrind (1964)Orne and Holland (1968)
• A3 handout
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Any other criticisms with Milgram:
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• Thomas Merton ‘ One of the most disturbing facts that came out of the Eichmann trial was that a psychiatrist pronounced him perfectly sane. I do not doubt it at all , and that is precisely why I find it so disturbing . If all the Nazis has been psychotics… their appalling cruelty would have been in some sense easier to understand…’ (Thomas Merton, Reflections)