geographical breakdown of current account pink book: 2008 edition chapter 9: geographical breakdown...

Geographical breakdown of current account

Chapter 9

Chapter 9: Geographical breakdown of current account The Pink Book: 2008 edition

126

The tables appearing in this chapter show a geographical

breakdown of the current account. The data cover 66 individual

countries as well as international organisations. These estimates

are generally less firmly based than the world totals, and data

for earlier years are less reliable than recent figures. In some

cases estimates are unavailable for the first few years.

Changes to the pattern of trading associated with MTIC fraud

can make it difficult to analyse trade by country as changes in

the impact of activity associated with this fraud affect both

imports and exports. Originally, most carousel chains only

involved EU member states. From 2004 in particular, some

carousel chains included non-EU countries, for example, Dubai

and Switzerland. However, the MTIC trade adjustments are

added to the EU import estimates as it is this part of the chain

that is not generally recorded. For more information, see the

methodological notes relating to chapter 2.

Data are presented as if the EU expanded to 27 countries on

1 January 1999.

Current account by region

Current account surpluses were recorded with the Americas

and Australasia & Oceania in all years for which data are

available (1992 onwards). In contrast, the UK has recorded a

rising current account deficit with Europe, particularly from

2003, reaching £57.0 billion in 2007. The current account

surplus with the Americas fell slightly from the previous year to

£20.3 billion in 2007. There was a surplus with Asia for the

years 1995 to 1997 but an overall deficit in all years since then.

The current account deficit with Asia widened to £15.1 billion

in 2007, with imports of goods from China at £18.7 billion,

£3.4 billion higher than in 2006.

In 2007, around half of the value of current account credit and

debit transactions were with the 27 European Union (EU)

member states. EU countries accounted for over 80 per cent of

current account credits and debits with Europe. By component,

trade in goods accounted for 37 per cent of the value of

current account credits and 46 per cent of the value of debits

with Europe, with income accounting for around a 40 per cent

of credits and 36 per cent of debits.

The Americas accounted for around a quarter of total credits

and a fifth of total debits in 2007. Income and goods

transactions together accounted for 75 per cent of credits and

82 per cent of debits with the Americas. The United States of

America (USA) was the most significant country, representing

over three quarters of total current account credits and debits

in the region.

Asia accounted for 13 per cent of UK current account credits in

2007, down from 17 per cent in 1997, largely due to the region

accounting for a lower proportion of total income receipts.

Similarly, Asia accounts for a lower proportion of total UK

debits in recent years, also due to income. The largest

component of current account debits was imports of goods,

which at £59.9 billion represent 58 percent of the total debits

with the region in 2007. While Japan remains the UK’s largest

current account partner country in Asia, transactions with

China have grown the fastest in recent years, largely due to

increased exports and – particularly – imports of goods.

The current account with Africa was in surplus until 1999, with

the first deficit being recorded in 2000. In 2007 the deficit

increased to £3.0 billion. These deficits have mainly been driven

by higher imports of goods to the UK.

Current account with EU27, USA and Japan

A current account deficit has been recorded with the EU27 in

every year for which data are available (1999 onwards), with

the exception of 2001. Broadly speaking, surpluses on the

income account are offset by deficits on all the remaining

Figure 9.1Current accountCredits less debits

£ billion

–70

–60

–50

–40

–30

–20

–10

0

10

20

30

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

America

Other

Asia

World Total

Europe

Figure 9.2Current account by continent, 2007£ billion

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

Europe America Asia Other World

Credits

Debits

The Pink Book: 2008 edition Chapter 9: Geographical breakdown of current account

127

components of the current account; however, trade in services

has been in surplus for three of the last four years and the

income surplus has declined over the same period. In 2007 the

balance with the EU fell to a deficit of £39.6 billion, largely due

to a rise in imports of goods from EU countries.

The current account deficit with the EU narrowed from

£8.8 billion in 1999 to a surplus of £1.1 billion in 2001 before

increasing rapidly to a deficit of £39.6 billion in 2007.

The trade in goods and services deficit with the EU increased to

£36.9 billion in 2007, largely due to higher imports of goods

from Germany and the Netherlands. Net income received from

the EU grew from £5.1 billion in 1999 to £18.7 billion in 2002,

before falling back to £2.9 billion in 2007. The deficit on

current transfers has remained relatively stable since 1999,

typically at between £4 and £6 billion. The main components

of current transfers are payments to, and receipts from, EU

institutions.

The USA is consistently the single largest counterpart country

within the UK’s balance of payments, representing 20 per cent

of current account credits and 17 per cent of debits in 2007.

There has been a current account surplus with the USA in all

years for which data are available. Prior to 2000 these were

typically between £1 billion and £5 billion, whereas the most

recent periods have seen significantly higher surpluses. In 2007

the surplus was £13.1 billion, with a £6.6 billion deficit on

income, offset by a £6.3 billion surplus on trade in goods and a

£13.6 billion surplus on trade in services.

The UK has recorded a current account deficit with Japan in

every year for which data are available, peaking at £7.2 billion

in 2000. The deficit narrowed to £2.7 billion in 2007.

When ranking individual countries by the size of the current

account balance in 2007, the largest surpluses were recorded

with: the United States of America (£13.1 billion), Ireland

(£9.9 billion), Luxembourg (£5.2 billion), Australia (£5.0 billion)

and Switzerland (£3.1 billion).

Figure 9.3Current account with the European UnionCredits less debits

£ billion

–60

–50

–40

–30

–20

–10

0

10

20

30

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Total

Income

Trade in Services

Current Transfers

Trade in Goods

Figure 9.4Current account with the USACredits less debits

£ billion

–10

–5

0

5

10

15

20

25

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Total

Income

Trade in Services

Current Transfers

Trade in Goods

Figure 9.5Current account: largest five surpluses in 2007£ billion

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

Switzerland

Australia

Luxembourg

Ireland

U.S.A

Figure 9.6Current account: largest five deficits in 2007£ billion

–30–25–20–15–10–50

France

Netherlands

Norway

China

Germany


128

The current account has been in surplus with the USA since the

geographic split of the data began in 1992. The surplus with

Ireland is largely due to exports exceeding imports of goods

and services; while the surpluses with Luxembourg and

Australia are driven by a positive balance on income.

When ranking individual countries by the size of the current

account balance, the largest deficits were recorded with:

Germany (£25.8 billion), China (£14.4 billion), Norway

(£10.2 billion), Netherlands (£6.1 billion) and France

(£3.3 billion).

The largest current account deficit was with Germany, with

imports of goods exceeding exports of goods by £19.8 billion,

combined with a deficit on income of £8.1 billion, being partly

offset by a surplus on trade in services of £2.0 billion. The

deficits with China, Norway, the Netherlands and France are all

mainly a result of trade in goods deficits; there are also

significant deficits with the Netherlands on income and with

France on trade in services.


129

–100

–50

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Debits

Credits

Balance

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

Finland

Denmark

Sweden

Luxembourg

Ireland

EU current account £ billion

Largest 5 surpluses in 2007 £ billion

–60

–50

–40

–30

–20

–10

0

10

20

30

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

TotalIncomeTrade in ServicesCurrent TransfersTrade in Goods

–30 –25 –20 –15 –10 –5 0

Italy

Spain

France

Netherlands

Germany

UK balance with EU £ billion

Largest 5 deficits in 2007 £ billion

4,000 and above2,000 to 3,9990 to 1,999-1 to -1,999-2,000 to -3,999-4,000 and below

2007 Balances/£m


130

U.S.A.

Rest of America

–40

–20

0

20

40

60

80

100

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Debits

Credits

Balance

Europe

Americas

Australasia &Oceania

AsiaAfrica

Europe

Americas

Australasia &Oceania

AsiaAfrica

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

Debits

Credits

Balance

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 20070

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

DebitsCredits

Balance

–100

–500

50

100

150200

250

300350

400

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

DebitsCredits

Balance

Proportion of total 2007 credits

Proportion of total 2007 debits

European Union £ billion

Rest of Europe £ billion USA £ billion Total Americas £ billion

-20,000 and below-10,000 to -19,999-1 to -9,9990 to 9,99910,000 and above

2007 Balances/£m


131

–5

0

5

10

15

20

25

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Debits

Credits

Balance

–40

–20

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Debits

Credits

Balance

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Debits

Credits

Balance

Total Africa £ billion Total Asia £ billion Total Australasia & Oceania £ billion

Rest of Europe

EU

Australasia& Oceania

Asia

Africa


132

£ million

Trade in Trade in Current Currentgoods services Income transfers account

Credits

EuropeEuropean Union (EU)

Austria 1 376 607 1 220 36 3 239Belgium 11 840 2 831 6 478 223 406Bulgaria 202 163 25 16 21 372Cyprus 415 501 282 5 1 203Czech Republic 1 399 503 231 19 2 152Denmark 2 180 2 371 2 050 41 6 642Estonia 228 36 10 – 274Finland 1 958 1 171 1 003 21 4 153France 18 086 8 023 20 882 314 47 305Germany 24 672 10 304 16 914 479 52 369Greece 1 344 907 1 272 53 3 576Hungary 863 494 253 13 1 623Ireland 17 782 7 185 14 786 180 39 933Italy 9 178 4 108 6 884 161 20 331Latvia 145 90 31 5 271Lithuania 311 120 14 15 460Luxembourg 271 1 524 11 773 18 13 586Malta 362 125 –375 4 116Netherlands 15 098 8 260 19 229 338 42 925Poland 2 370 964 666 131 4 131Portugal 1 479 655 1 051 20 3 205Romania 666 243 167 9 1 085Slovak Republic 381 141 57 18 597Slovenia 203 62 36 1 302Spain 9 970 5 101 8 118 137 23 326Sweden 4 899 2 323 3 577 96 10 895European Central Bank – – – – –EU Institutions – 624 558 7 265 8 447

Total EU27 127 678 59 436 117 192 9 618 313 924

European Free Trade Association (EFTA)Iceland 195 174 995 35 1 399Liechtenstein 3 103 40 2 148Norway 2 675 2 531 2 734 87 8 027Switzerland 3 774 6 450 12 699 80 23 003

Total EFTA 6 647 9 258 16 468 204 32 577

Other EuropeAlbania 20 11 2 – 33Belarus 71 14 7 – 92Croatia 157 98 35 14 304Russia 2 868 2 092 2 670 22 7 652Turkey 2 261 719 1 201 36 4 217Ukraine 446 199 287 8 940Serbia and Montenegro 105 61 13 4 183Other 289 3 349 11 323 62 15 023

Total Europe 140 542 75 237 149 198 9 968 374 945

AmericasArgentina 233 127 470 8 838Brazil 1 100 438 1 200 16 2 754Canada 3 261 2 473 5 178 253 11 165Chile 189 172 911 11 1 283Colombia 139 70 254 14 477Mexico 794 338 931 29 2 092United States of America 32 113 32 082 65 622 3 333 133 150Uruguay 36 17 21 – 74Venezuela 257 55 165 10 487Other Central American Countries 866 3 766 17 893 226 22 751Other 345 297 123 12 777

Total Americas 39 333 39 835 92 768 3 912 175 848

AsiaChina 3 826 1 398 1 004 15 6 243Hong Kong 2 702 1 623 5 666 27 10 018India 2 944 1 703 1 403 23 6 073Indonesia 287 245 217 19 768Iran 388 158 124 3 673Israel 1 246 475 195 33 1 949Japan 3 836 4 517 9 154 115 17 622Malaysia 966 443 835 21 2 265Pakistan 418 310 236 7 971Philippines 251 112 419 8 790Saudi Arabia 1 843 3 020 641 484 5 988Singapore 2 445 3 314 4 254 23 10 036South Korea 1 898 935 1 500 6 4 339Taiwan 949 627 729 9 2 314Thailand 606 304 303 7 1 220Residual Gulf Arabian Countries 4 462 2 737 2 069 178 9 446Other Near & Middle Eastern Countries 760 413 1 542 293 3 008Other 1 503 1 422 1 309 53 4 287

Total Asia 31 330 23 756 31 600 1 324 88 010

Australasia & OceaniaAustralia 2 610 3 205 5 836 240 11 891New Zealand 360 418 513 61 1 352Other 56 96 77 5 234

Total Australasia & Oceania 3 026 3 719 6 426 306 13 477

AfricaEgypt 682 618 557 6 1 863Morocco 294 72 33 3 402South Africa 2 225 1 425 2 557 66 6 273Other North Africa 512 447 245 12 1 216Other 2 759 2 482 1 704 68 7 013

Total Africa 6 472 5 044 5 096 155 16 767

International Organisations – 43 657 – 700

World Total 220 703 147 634 285 745 15 665 669 747

9.1 Current accountSummary transactions in 2007


133

continued £ million


Debits


Austria 2 482 812 1 204 27 4 525Belgium 15 073 2 285 4 669 73 22 100Bulgaria 237 334 88 2 661Cyprus 188 1 139 345 34 1 706Czech Republic 2 972 482 176 19 3 649Denmark 3 430 996 1 542 44 6 012Estonia 226 55 14 – 295Finland 2 605 415 744 15 3 779France 21 821 9 850 18 541 363 50 575Germany 44 428 8 347 24 998 371 78 144Greece 612 2 251 2 127 71 5 061Hungary 2 372 362 107 8 2 849Ireland 11 313 3 927 14 399 421 30 060Italy 13 271 4 645 3 889 160 21 965Latvia 605 92 23 2 722Lithuania 297 99 43 4 443Luxembourg 692 485 7 226 11 1 706Malta 179 310 178 27 694Netherlands 23 010 3 500 22 301 189 49 000Poland 3 684 1 203 539 49 5 475Portugal 1 482 1 695 794 41 4 012Romania 938 172 63 4 1 177Slovak Republic 1 271 95 101 1 1 468Slovenia 318 43 32 1 394Spain 10 380 10 017 5 265 188 25 850Sweden 5 256 1 223 2 145 34 8 658European Central Bank – – – – –EU Institutions – – 2 728 13 060 15 788

Total EU27 169 142 54 834 114 281 15 219 353 476

European Free Trade Association (EFTA)Iceland 414 92 353 3 862Liechtenstein 37 23 142 2 204Norway 14 278 1 038 2 826 99 18 241Switzerland 4 731 2 793 12 299 111 19 934

Total EFTA 19 460 3 946 15 620 215 39 241

Other EuropeAlbania – 22 4 11 37Belarus 582 21 17 – 620Croatia 75 157 88 16 336Russia 5 243 864 2 854 31 8 992Turkey 4 618 1 170 235 28 6 051Ukraine 129 195 366 28 718Serbia and Montenegro 74 72 31 38 215Other 313 1 374 20 354 198 22 239

Total Europe 199 636 62 655 153 850 15 784 431 925

AmericasArgentina 414 90 8 16 528Brazil 2 059 282 152 26 2 519Canada 5 775 1 397 2 026 392 9 590Chile 502 69 89 14 674Colombia 353 37 47 20 457Mexico 581 361 121 32 1 095United States of America 25 803 18 440 72 222 3 613 120 078Uruguay 69 6 18 1 94Venezuela 492 38 101 11 642Other Central American Countries 1 116 2 642 14 782 449 18 989Other 521 163 158 44 886

Total Americas 37 685 23 525 89 724 4 618 155 552

AsiaChina 18 681 1 001 838 164 20 684Hong Kong 6 922 1 181 4 139 126 12 368India 3 798 1 806 1 046 837 7 487Indonesia 929 125 59 143 1 256Iran 64 40 182 13 299Israel 1 042 305 432 39 1 818Japan 7 863 3 020 9 320 119 20 322Malaysia 1 678 231 540 45 2 494Pakistan 512 413 123 265 1 313Philippines 714 156 102 27 999Saudi Arabia 824 693 1 498 59 3 074Singapore 4 236 910 3 550 102 8 798South Korea 3 063 314 418 7 3 802Taiwan 2 410 307 483 9 3 209Thailand 2 005 691 232 41 2 969Residual Gulf Arabian Countries 2 086 1 494 2 203 277 6 060Other Near & Middle Eastern Countries 386 170 324 67 947Other 2 693 858 427 1 258 5 236

Total Asia 59 906 13 715 25 916 3 598 103 135

Australasia & OceaniaAustralia 2 241 1 780 2 539 350 6 910New Zealand 664 446 74 85 1 269Other 98 47 200 11 356

Total Australasia & Oceania 3 003 2 273 2 813 446 8 535

AfricaEgypt 538 594 338 26 1 496Morocco 434 382 58 8 882South Africa 3 053 935 1 270 374 5 632Other North Africa 1 720 410 671 14 2 815Other 3 980 1 316 8 976 2 608 8 976

Total Africa 9 725 3 637 3 409 3 030 19 801

International Organisations – 57 1 427 1 883 3 367

World total 309 955 105 862 277 139 29 359 722 315



134



Balances

EuropeEuropean Union(EU)

Austria –1 106 –205 16 9 –1 286Belgium –3 233 546 1 809 150 –728Bulgaria –35 –171 –63 14 –255Cyprus 227 –638 –63 –29 –503Czech Republic –1 573 21 55 – –1 497Denmark –1 250 1 375 508 –3 630Estonia 2 –19 –4 – –21Finland –647 756 259 6 374France –3 735 –1 827 2 341 –49 –3 270Germany –19 756 1 957 –8 084 108 –25 775Greece 732 –1 344 –855 –18 –1 485Hungary –1 509 132 146 5 –1 226Ireland 6 469 3 258 387 –241 9 873Italy –4 093 –537 2 995 1 –1 634Latvia –460 –2 8 3 –451Lithuania 14 21 –29 11 17Luxembourg –421 1 039 4 547 7 5 172Malta 183 –185 –553 –23 –578Netherlands –7 912 4 760 –3 072 149 –6 075Poland –1 314 –239 127 82 –1 344Portugal –3 –1 040 257 –21 –807Romania –272 71 104 5 –92Slovak Republic –890 46 –44 17 –871Slovenia –115 19 4 – –92Spain –410 –4 916 2 853 –51 –2 524Sweden –357 1 100 1 432 62 2 237European Central Bank – – – – –EU Institutions – 624 –2 170 –5 795 –7 341

Total EU27 –41 464 4 602 2 911 –5 601 –39 552

European Free Trade Association (EFTA)Iceland –219 82 642 32 537Liechtenstein –34 80 –102 – –56Norway –11 603 1 493 –92 –12 –10 214Switzerland –957 3 657 400 –31 3 069

Total EFTA –12 813 5 312 848 –11 –6 664

Other EuropeAlbania 20 –11 –2 –11 –4Belarus –511 –7 –10 – –528Croatia 82 –59 –53 –2 –32Russia –2 375 1 228 –184 –9 –1 340Turkey –2 357 –451 966 8 –1 834Ukraine 317 4 –79 –20 222Serbia and Montenegro 31 –11 –18 –34 –32Other –24 1 975 –9 031 –136 –7 216

Total Europe –59 094 12 582 –4 652 –5 816 –56 980

AmericasArgentina –181 37 462 –8 310Brazil –959 156 1 048 –10 235Canada –2 514 1 076 3 152 –139 1 575Chile –313 103 822 –3 609Colombia –214 33 207 –6 20Mexico 213 –23 810 –3 997USA 6 310 13 642 –6 600 –280 13 072Uruguay –33 11 3 –1 –20Venezuela –235 17 64 –1 –155Other Central American Countries –250 1 124 3 111 –223 3 762Other America –176 134 –35 –32 –109

Total Americas 1 648 16 310 3 044 –706 20 296

AsiaChina –14 855 397 166 –149 –14 441Hong Kong –4 220 442 1 527 –99 –2 350India –854 –103 357 –814 –1 414Indonesia –642 120 158 –124 –488Iran 324 118 –58 –10 374Israel 204 170 –237 –6 131Japan –4 027 1 497 –166 –4 –2 700Malaysia –712 212 295 –24 –229Pakistan –94 –103 113 –258 –342Philippines –463 –44 317 –19 –209Saudi Arabia 1 019 2 327 –857 425 2 914Singapore –1 791 2 404 704 –79 1 238South Korea –1 165 621 1 082 –1 537Taiwan –1 461 320 246 – –895Thailand –1 399 –387 71 –34 –1 749Residual Gulf Arabian Countries 2 376 1 243 –134 –99 3 386Other Near & Middle Eastern Countries 374 243 1 218 226 2 061Other –1 190 564 882 –1 205 –949

Total Asia –28 576 10 041 5 684 –2 274 –15 125

Australasia & OceaniaAustralia 369 1 425 3 297 –110 4 981New Zealand –304 –28 439 –24 83Other –42 49 –123 –6 –122

Total Australasia & Oceania 23 1 446 3 613 –140 4 942

AfricaEgypt 144 24 219 –20 367Morocco –140 –310 –25 –5 –480South Africa –828 490 1 287 –308 641Other North Africa –1 208 37 –426 –2 –1 599Other –1 221 1 166 632 –2 540 –1 963

Total Africa –3 253 1 407 1 687 –2 875 –3 034

International Organisations – –14 –770 –1 883 –2 667

World total –89 252 41 772 8 606 –13 694 –52 568



135


136

£ million

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007Credits


Austria CUGP 2 047 2 196 2 178 2 323 2 347 2 409 2 485 2 383 2 792 3 171 3 239Belgium and Luxembourg CTFH 14 018 14 537 15 419 19 089 19 251 19 147 19 585 21 109 25 209 33 433 34 958

of which Belgium AA2Q .. .. 12 940 14 741 14 615 15 003 15 779 16 021 17 868 20 678 21 372Luxembourg AA2U .. .. 2 479 4 348 4 636 4 144 3 806 5 088 7 341 12 755 13 586

Bulgaria ZWVI 139 116 165 166 250 289 296 323 348 408 406Cyprus1 AA2R .. .. 499 615 591 631 612 729 790 1 645 1 203Czech Republic LEPQ 971 1 014 1 015 1 226 1 460 1 367 1 474 1 537 1 587 1 945 2 152Denmark LEQR 3 758 4 210 4 015 4 624 4 666 4 665 4 441 4 570 5 331 7 797 6 642Estonia ZWVK 95 86 70 110 105 127 125 141 166 540 274Finland LEUD 2 664 2 453 2 442 3 035 3 153 2 877 2 981 2 856 2 962 3 544 4 153France LEUM 25 912 26 968 28 209 31 834 34 335 32 062 32 292 33 649 37 883 50 942 47 305Germany LEQI 33 981 34 465 35 025 39 998 42 305 39 509 37 374 39 812 44 419 51 570 52 369Greece LEUV 2 837 2 459 2 900 3 128 2 876 2 754 2 933 2 983 3 186 3 255 3 576Hungary BFKO 763 756 872 1 268 1 139 1 328 1 417 1 680 1 815 1 464 1 623Ireland BFLV 14 326 15 069 16 463 19 162 22 365 23 783 22 537 26 056 30 814 34 917 39 933Italy BFOD 15 515 18 100 15 931 17 649 17 769 16 438 16 632 16 640 17 726 19 085 20 331Latvia ZWVM 117 114 95 118 118 120 143 142 203 485 271Lithuania ZWVN 135 127 115 157 191 185 236 198 293 359 460Malta1 AA2V .. .. 295 314 323 338 387 826 357 471 116Netherlands BFQF 25 963 25 471 27 385 32 861 36 414 34 816 34 504 28 817 31 434 40 600 42 925Poland BFRY 1 747 1 561 1 553 1 732 1 966 2 059 2 280 2 397 2 997 4 365 4 131Portugal BFSH 2 506 2 663 2 785 2 788 2 887 2 845 2 819 3 083 3 312 3 990 3 205Romania ZWVO 270 286 330 445 492 584 703 865 851 919 1 085Slovak Republic ZWVP 231 169 187 247 277 265 301 300 422 453 597Slovenia ZWVQ 179 164 222 233 299 303 293 312 270 301 302Spain LEST 10 767 11 490 11 847 13 214 13 116 13 259 14 221 15 797 19 508 23 388 23 326Sweden BFTI 7 180 7 325 7 120 8 025 7 984 7 568 7 374 8 451 9 124 10 453 10 895European Central Bank ZWVF – – – 3 12 3 – – – – –EU Institutions CSFH 5 833 5 611 6 847 5 932 8 287 7 106 7 950 8 446 9 094 9 251 8 447

Total EU27 G97O .. .. 183 984 210 296 224 978 216 837 216 395 224 102 252 893 308 751 313 924

European Free Trade Association (EFTA)Iceland BFNH 268 274 256 334 285 263 304 345 468 635 1 399Liechtenstein BFPE 81 64 77 90 73 68 64 83 60 99 148Norway BFQO 4 281 4 590 3 927 4 131 3 866 3 912 4 076 4 357 6 060 6 118 8 027Switzerland LEOY 8 834 8 862 9 934 13 178 12 375 11 631 11 983 12 155 16 055 18 810 23 003

Total EFTA CTFQ 13 464 13 790 14 194 17 733 16 598 15 874 16 427 16 940 22 643 25 662 32 577

Other EuropeAlbania ZWVG 8 8 15 9 28 25 16 34 24 29 33Belarus ZWVH 42 33 30 64 37 43 49 59 69 75 92Croatia ZWVJ 144 131 133 127 149 180 234 218 237 311 304Russia BFSQ 1 866 1 668 1 039 1 378 1 912 2 239 2 727 3 654 5 351 6 767 7 652Turkey BFUJ 2 301 2 204 1 974 2 672 1 986 2 011 2 436 2 684 3 230 3 903 4 217Ukraine ZWVR 205 247 173 200 234 502 399 333 495 907 940Serbia and Montenegro BFWC 125 63 71 138 94 93 111 86 106 169 183Other1 LEVW 5 210 4 895 4 152 4 988 4 457 4 693 6 469 8 388 10 138 12 766 15 023

Total Europe LERA 195 319 200 449 205 765 237 605 250 473 242 497 245 263 256 498 295 186 359 340 374 945

AmericasArgentina ZWVT 1 108 1 099 717 969 834 328 414 587 561 911 838Brazil LENO 2 154 2 125 1 441 1 659 1 800 1 837 1 656 1 813 2 291 2 456 2 754Canada LEOP 5 459 5 958 6 004 7 306 7 373 6 581 7 001 7 601 8 501 10 507 11 165Chile ZWVU 565 501 395 477 441 451 519 1 066 1 453 1 169 1 283Colombia ZWVV 350 310 271 491 493 421 491 618 649 561 477Mexico BFPN 1 172 1 118 1 359 1 417 1 300 1 626 1 396 1 741 1 801 2 164 2 092United States of America BFVB 58 452 63 393 67 016 79 016 81 967 79 104 81 528 86 098 104 577 123 772 133 150Uruguay ZWVW 116 102 82 80 66 55 99 41 64 90 74Venezuela ZWVX 424 287 273 225 610 602 342 567 739 682 487Other Central American Countries JISS 3 340 6 856 6 393 8 003 8 319 8 871 9 194 10 344 14 784 20 179 22 751Other LEVE 1 900 924 883 749 678 638 731 968 477 600 777

Total Americas LESK 75 040 82 673 84 834 100 392 103 880 100 513 103 315 111 444 135 897 163 091 175 848

AsiaChina LEPH 1 390 1 389 1 945 2 234 2 861 2 663 3 260 4 282 5 080 5 569 6 243Hong Kong BFJR 6 904 5 800 5 195 5 422 5 249 4 800 5 482 7 001 8 670 9 401 10 018India BFMY 2 462 2 158 2 373 3 116 2 964 3 050 3 679 3 857 4 811 5 713 6 073Indonesia BFKX 1 241 845 729 762 752 714 888 801 846 1 167 768Iran ZWWA 523 453 376 469 647 622 741 742 820 809 673Israel BFMP 1 667 1 483 1 914 2 042 1 962 1 938 1 839 1 882 2 046 1 956 1 949Japan BFOM 13 964 12 862 13 930 16 246 14 875 12 447 12 966 13 322 15 251 17 338 17 622Malaysia BFPW 2 224 1 606 1 772 1 811 1 832 1 887 2 116 2 266 2 362 2 149 2 265Pakistan BFRP 709 569 594 517 647 604 684 824 1 183 1 268 971Philippines BFRG 860 549 476 643 730 602 686 629 632 656 790Saudi Arabia BFSZ 6 058 5 226 4 370 4 703 4 426 4 072 4 831 4 576 4 654 5 317 5 988Singapore BFTR 5 309 3 999 4 253 5 465 5 348 4 462 4 799 6 004 8 149 8 893 10 036South Korea BFOV 2 298 1 540 1 680 2 178 2 203 2 674 2 602 3 207 3 643 4 014 4 339Taiwan BFUS 1 495 1 291 1 318 1 565 1 473 1 576 1 629 2 019 2 203 2 164 2 314Thailand BFUA 1 372 695 788 1 004 1 067 981 1 140 1 196 1 206 860 1 220Residual Gulf Arabian Countries JITT 4 665 5 285 4 549 5 360 5 167 4 888 5 542 6 779 10 396 9 344 9 446Other Near & Middle Eastern Countries ZWWC 1 103 1 023 984 1 107 1 316 1 166 1 284 1 573 1 889 2 437 3 008Other LEWF 2 844 1 920 1 430 1 813 1 746 1 783 1 638 1 909 1 899 3 139 4 287

Total Asia LETC 57 088 48 693 48 676 56 457 55 264 50 928 55 806 62 869 75 740 82 194 88 010

Australasia & OceaniaAustralia CWBG 6 290 5 581 5 910 6 961 6 883 6 934 7 056 8 977 9 929 10 663 11 891New Zealand BFQX 1 156 1 002 1 127 986 1 104 1 204 1 286 1 254 1 370 1 363 1 352Other LEVN 315 474 135 151 147 188 211 217 186 245 234

Total Australasia & Oceania LETU 7 761 7 057 7 172 8 098 8 134 8 326 8 553 10 448 11 485 12 271 13 477

AfricaEgypt ZWWE 704 529 863 1 045 1 053 1 016 962 1 195 1 260 1 498 1 863Morocco ZWWF 414 424 434 499 481 438 425 412 332 430 402South Africa BFWU 3 369 3 329 3 489 3 673 4 085 4 724 4 862 6 052 7 518 5 874 6 273Other North Africa JIRU 805 845 573 794 802 681 1 016 917 –2 485 –81 1 216Other LEWO 3 977 4 718 4 206 4 172 4 565 4 751 5 168 5 138 9 650 7 873 7 013

Total Africa LERS 9 269 9 845 9 565 10 183 10 986 11 609 12 433 13 714 16 275 15 594 16 767

International Organisations CTEY 276 407 424 501 578 560 539 499 584 623 700

World total HBOE 344 753 349 124 356 436 413 236 429 317 414 434 425 909 455 472 535 167 633 113 669 747

1 Cyprus and Malta are included within Other Europe before 1999.

9.2 Current account


137


1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007Debits


Austria CUGW 2 647 2 423 2 348 2 501 3 111 3 802 4 093 3 744 4 120 4 795 4 525Belgium and Luxembourg CTFI 14 665 15 774 16 151 17 435 18 997 19 895 20 319 21 993 24 689 30 066 30 514

of which Belgium AA34 .. .. 13 389 14 438 15 537 16 293 16 402 17 068 19 351 21 325 22 100Luxembourg AA38 .. .. 2 762 2 997 3 460 3 602 3 917 4 925 5 338 8 741 8 414

Bulgaria ZWWL 218 196 166 189 188 251 246 339 460 520 661Cyprus1 AA35 .. .. 1 068 1 270 1 486 1 383 1 476 1 456 1 710 2 966 1 706Czech Republic LEPR 747 819 839 1 108 1 418 1 592 1 842 1 810 2 463 3 705 3 649Denmark LEQS 3 909 3 637 3 873 4 440 4 531 5 239 5 201 5 336 6 744 8 865 6 012Estonia ZWWN 212 214 236 373 321 347 302 432 424 2 174 295Finland LEUE 3 313 2 879 2 976 3 569 3 710 3 351 3 310 2 932 3 294 4 068 3 779France LEUN 28 755 29 910 32 681 34 108 35 002 34 481 36 715 38 793 44 023 51 913 50 575Germany LEQJ 38 332 37 078 39 847 44 947 44 160 44 572 49 798 53 692 63 205 70 216 78 144Greece LEUW 2 248 2 156 2 587 3 019 3 119 3 004 3 123 3 246 3 777 4 407 5 061Hungary BFKP 655 725 856 868 887 1 039 1 303 1 798 2 181 2 747 2 849Ireland BFLW 12 366 12 943 13 420 15 971 18 949 20 611 17 968 19 778 23 324 26 144 30 060Italy BFOE 15 556 15 785 15 064 15 408 16 035 15 757 17 255 18 279 19 932 20 274 21 965Latvia ZWWP 410 362 336 466 471 516 559 740 791 948 722Lithuania ZWWQ 212 209 215 289 278 321 311 299 371 395 443Malta1 AA39 .. .. 382 410 461 467 514 557 582 554 694Netherlands BFQG 18 734 19 781 22 785 30 775 30 663 26 439 27 256 29 596 33 181 43 186 49 000Poland BFRZ 1 054 1 043 1 039 1 334 1 588 1 619 1 928 2 344 3 285 5 121 5 475Portugal BFSI 3 019 2 904 3 077 3 050 3 077 3 288 3 728 3 752 3 933 5 149 4 012Romania ZWWR 357 336 366 464 561 658 793 948 1 020 1 092 1 177Slovak Republic ZWWS 168 191 195 214 211 253 291 315 499 985 1 468Slovenia ZWWT 165 196 186 197 206 238 221 231 274 817 394Spain LESU 11 539 13 023 13 438 14 020 16 224 18 493 20 152 20 046 24 941 27 739 25 850Sweden BFTJ 6 511 6 126 6 940 7 234 6 903 6 543 6 747 7 294 8 102 9 211 8 658European Central Bank ZWWI – – 1 1 1 1 – – – – –EU Institutions CSFI 9 014 11 153 11 755 12 211 11 325 11 789 12 997 13 110 15 028 15 365 15 788

Total EU27 G97F .. .. 192 827 215 871 223 883 225 949 238 448 252 860 292 353 343 422 353 476

European Free Trade Association (EFTA)Iceland BFNI 274 309 319 453 335 347 365 467 519 812 862Liechtenstein BFPF 158 163 115 146 125 75 94 75 92 150 204Norway BFQP 6 033 4 103 4 249 6 754 6 863 7 229 7 885 10 060 14 435 17 603 18 241Switzerland LEOZ 12 978 12 361 14 805 18 763 16 064 13 019 11 701 11 235 14 908 18 108 19 934

Total EFTA CTFR 19 443 16 936 19 488 26 116 23 387 20 670 20 045 21 837 29 954 36 673 39 241

Other EuropeAlbania ZWWJ 63 115 48 41 28 26 24 27 15 21 37Belarus ZWWK 73 97 67 65 37 44 30 77 288 742 620Croatia ZWWM 136 273 122 135 157 153 155 166 248 323 336Russia BFSR 1 872 1 712 1 677 2 207 2 717 2 562 3 114 4 464 6 805 8 982 8 992Turkey BFUK 1 790 1 859 1 855 2 134 2 425 2 995 3 513 4 188 4 735 5 317 6 051Ukraine ZWWU 133 150 141 137 169 201 207 290 380 490 718Serbia and Montenegro BFWD 210 99 93 141 110 100 110 108 124 198 215Other1 LEVX 7 290 8 293 7 090 8 670 9 303 8 368 7 478 8 905 11 891 15 389 22 239

Total Europe LERB 205 816 209 397 223 408 255 517 262 216 261 068 273 124 292 922 346 793 411 557 431 925

AmericasArgentina ZWWW 379 344 334 378 370 313 317 351 391 504 528Brazil LENP 1 356 1 308 1 233 1 478 1 703 1 743 1 770 1 873 2 190 2 388 2 519Canada LEOQ 4 406 4 625 5 413 6 896 6 316 6 560 6 395 7 750 8 013 10 014 9 590Chile ZWWX 565 458 401 506 558 541 485 586 611 648 674Colombia ZWWY 318 331 273 331 414 287 278 326 375 423 457Mexico BFPO 680 747 812 1 160 1 360 941 883 865 882 943 1 095United States of America BFVC 57 162 58 793 62 929 70 702 77 084 70 279 69 786 73 916 87 576 108 455 120 078Uruguay ZWWZ 103 45 55 62 54 74 56 54 73 92 94Venezuela ZWXA 215 186 210 282 253 259 177 264 463 728 642Other Central American Countries JIST 3 387 6 137 5 869 7 191 6 373 5 242 6 005 7 151 10 648 16 111 18 989Other LEVF 2 011 1 109 1 133 1 305 1 621 1 151 945 890 890 903 886

Total Americas LESL 70 582 74 083 78 662 90 291 96 106 87 390 87 097 94 026 112 112 141 209 155 552

AsiaChina LEPI 2 790 3 283 3 915 5 563 6 575 7 587 9 078 11 306 14 126 16 631 20 684Hong Kong BFJS 6 397 6 948 8 549 10 112 9 777 8 215 7 615 7 942 9 226 10 867 12 368India BFMZ 2 806 2 686 2 848 3 173 3 529 3 423 3 682 4 378 5 484 6 556 7 487Indonesia BFKY 1 188 1 100 1 210 1 345 1 408 1 266 1 293 1 154 1 183 1 331 1 256Iran ZWXD 202 168 169 323 361 182 181 210 232 356 299Israel BFMQ 1 296 1 282 1 438 1 553 1 547 1 309 1 280 1 336 1 562 1 752 1 818Japan BFON 16 785 17 461 18 650 23 401 21 019 17 050 13 895 15 310 17 865 20 075 20 322Malaysia BFPX 2 647 2 380 2 463 2 907 2 451 2 102 2 163 2 401 2 328 2 679 2 494Pakistan BFRQ 808 753 812 876 931 1 174 1 164 1 238 1 249 1 359 1 313Philippines BFRH 907 1 019 1 188 1 482 1 321 1 110 920 821 938 1 065 999Saudi Arabia BFTA 2 643 2 220 2 057 2 441 2 560 2 406 2 150 2 247 2 945 3 025 3 074Singapore BFTS 4 790 4 081 4 832 5 556 5 142 4 310 4 625 5 569 6 985 7 940 8 798South Korea BFOW 2 512 2 541 3 033 3 728 3 152 3 045 2 786 3 191 3 644 3 748 3 802Taiwan BFUT 2 504 2 446 2 874 3 865 3 133 2 684 2 500 2 714 2 807 2 912 3 209Thailand BFUB 1 562 1 671 1 704 2 163 2 291 2 196 2 259 2 505 2 494 2 864 2 969Residual Gulf Arabian Countries JITU 1 641 2 268 2 285 2 970 3 294 2 771 3 078 3 664 4 433 5 662 6 060Other Near & Middle Eastern Countries ZWXF 529 419 489 580 586 559 536 528 722 1 391 947Other LEWG 3 029 2 242 2 397 3 023 3 072 3 155 3 274 4 004 4 088 4 868 5 236

Total Asia LETD 55 036 54 968 60 913 75 061 72 149 64 544 62 479 70 518 82 311 95 081 103 135

Australasia & OceaniaAustralia CWBO 3 843 3 863 3 776 3 701 3 844 4 354 4 804 4 944 6 211 6 378 6 910New Zealand BFQY 1 053 1 004 918 983 1 016 1 025 1 050 1 188 1 293 1 295 1 269Other LEVO 244 137 187 188 186 195 205 237 209 567 356

Total Australasia & Oceania LETV 5 140 5 004 4 881 4 872 5 046 5 574 6 059 6 369 7 713 8 240 8 535

AfricaEgypt ZWXH 973 718 787 1 050 1 074 920 936 1 013 1 190 1 670 1 496Morocco ZWXI 489 511 565 606 624 620 605 680 633 721 882South Africa BFWV 2 146 2 461 3 169 4 081 4 463 4 394 4 975 5 351 6 355 6 581 5 632Other North Africa JIRV 838 770 681 1 208 1 063 984 956 1 191 1 544 2 418 2 815Other LEWP 3 593 3 429 4 190 4 581 5 884 5 873 6 720 6 774 7 072 7 710 8 976

Total Africa LERT 8 039 7 889 9 392 11 526 13 108 12 791 14 192 15 009 16 794 19 100 19 801

International Organisations CTEZ 1 102 962 1 034 1 756 1 793 1 724 1 265 1 828 2 135 2 957 3 367

World total HBOF 345 715 352 303 378 290 439 023 450 419 433 091 444 216 480 672 567 858 678 144 722 315

1 Cyprus and Malta are included in Other Europe before 1999.

9.2 Current account


138


1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007Balances


Austria CUGX –600 –227 –170 –178 –764 –1 393 –1 608 –1 361 –1 328 –1 624 –1 286Belgium and Luxembourg CTFJ –647 –1 237 –732 1 654 254 –748 –734 –884 520 3 367 4 444

of which Belgium AA4H .. .. –449 303 –922 –1 290 –623 –1 047 –1 483 –647 –728Luxembourg AA4L .. .. –283 1 351 1 176 542 –111 163 2 003 4 014 5 172

Bulgaria ZWXO –79 –80 –1 –23 62 38 50 –16 –112 –112 –255Cyprus1 AA4I .. .. –569 –655 –895 –752 –864 –727 –920 –1 321 –503Czech Republic LEPS 224 195 176 118 42 –225 –368 –273 –876 –1 760 –1 497Denmark LEQT –151 573 142 184 135 –574 –760 –766 –1 413 –1 068 630Estonia ZWXQ –117 –128 –166 –263 –216 –220 –177 –291 –258 –1 634 –21Finland LEUF –649 –426 –534 –534 –557 –474 –329 –76 –332 –524 374France LEUO –2 843 –2 942 –4 472 –2 274 –667 –2 419 –4 423 –5 144 –6 140 –971 –3 270Germany LEQK –4 351 –2 613 –4 822 –4 949 –1 855 –5 063 –12 424 –13 880 –18 786 –18 646 –25 775Greece LEUX 589 303 313 109 –243 –250 –190 –263 –591 –1 152 –1 485Hungary BFKQ 108 31 16 400 252 289 114 –118 –366 –1 283 –1 226Ireland BFLX 1 960 2 126 3 043 3 191 3 416 3 172 4 569 6 278 7 490 8 773 9 873Italy BFOF –41 2 315 867 2 241 1 734 681 –623 –1 639 –2 206 –1 189 –1 634Latvia ZWXS –293 –248 –241 –348 –353 –396 –416 –598 –588 –463 –451Lithuania ZWXT –77 –82 –100 –132 –87 –136 –75 –101 –78 –36 17Malta1 AA4M .. .. –87 –96 –138 –129 –127 269 –225 –83 –578Netherlands BFQH 7 229 5 690 4 600 2 086 5 751 8 377 7 248 –779 –1 747 –2 586 –6 075Poland BFSA 693 518 514 398 378 440 352 53 –288 –756 –1 344Portugal BFSJ –513 –241 –292 –262 –190 –443 –909 –669 –621 –1 159 –807Romania ZWXU –87 –50 –36 –19 –69 –74 –90 –83 –169 –173 –92Slovak Republic ZWXV 63 –22 –8 33 66 12 10 –15 –77 –532 –871Slovenia ZWXW 14 –32 36 36 93 65 72 81 –4 –516 –92Spain LESV –772 –1 533 –1 591 –806 –3 108 –5 234 –5 931 –4 249 –5 433 –4 351 –2 524Sweden BFTK 669 1 199 180 791 1 081 1 025 627 1 157 1 022 1 242 2 237European Central Bank ZWXL – – –1 2 11 2 – – – – –EU Institutions CSFJ –3 181 –5 542 –4 908 –6 279 –3 038 –4 683 –5 047 –4 664 –5 934 –6 114 –7 341

Total EU27 G977 .. .. –8 843 –5 575 1 095 –9 112 –22 053 –28 758 –39 460 –34 671 –39 552

European Free Trade Association (EFTA)Iceland BFNJ –6 –35 –63 –119 –50 –84 –61 –122 –51 –177 537Liechtenstein BFPG –77 –99 –38 –56 –52 –7 –30 8 –32 –51 –56Norway BFQQ –1 752 487 –322 –2 623 –2 997 –3 317 –3 809 –5 703 –8 375 –11 485 –10 214Switzerland LEPA –4 144 –3 499 –4 871 –5 585 –3 689 –1 388 282 920 1 147 702 3 069

Total EFTA CTFS –5 979 –3 146 –5 294 –8 383 –6 789 –4 796 –3 618 –4 897 –7 311 –11 011 –6 664

Other EuropeAlbania ZWXM –55 –107 –33 –32 – –1 –8 7 9 8 –4Belarus ZWXN –31 –64 –37 –1 – –1 19 –18 –219 –667 –528Croatia ZWXP 8 –142 11 –8 –8 27 79 52 –11 –12 –32Russia BFSS –6 –44 –638 –829 –805 –323 –387 –810 –1 454 –2 215 –1 340Turkey BFUL 511 345 119 538 –439 –984 –1 077 –1 504 –1 505 –1 414 –1 834Ukraine ZWXX 72 97 32 63 65 301 192 43 115 417 222Serbia and Montenegro BFWE –85 –36 –22 –3 –16 –7 1 –22 –18 –29 –32Other1 LEVY –2 080 –3 398 –2 938 –3 682 –4 846 –3 675 –1 009 –517 –1 753 –2 623 –7 216

Total Europe LERC –10 497 –8 948 –17 643 –17 912 –11 743 –18 571 –27 861 –36 424 –51 607 –52 217 –56 980

AmericasArgentina ZWXZ 729 755 383 591 464 15 97 236 170 407 310Brazil LENQ 798 817 208 181 97 94 –114 –60 101 68 235Canada LEOR 1 053 1 333 591 410 1 057 21 606 –149 488 493 1 575Chile ZWYA – 43 –6 –29 –117 –90 34 480 842 521 609Colombia ZWYB 32 –21 –2 160 79 134 213 292 274 138 20Mexico BFPP 492 371 547 257 –60 685 513 876 919 1 221 997United States of America BFVD 1 290 4 600 4 087 8 314 4 883 8 825 11 742 12 182 17 001 15 317 13 072Uruguay ZWYC 13 57 27 18 12 –19 43 –13 –9 –2 –20Venezuela ZWYD 209 101 63 –57 357 343 165 303 276 –46 –155Other Central American Countries JISU –47 719 524 812 1 946 3 629 3 189 3 193 4 136 4 068 3 762Other LEVG –111 –185 –250 –556 –943 –513 –214 78 –413 –303 –109

Total Americas LESM 4 458 8 590 6 172 10 101 7 774 13 123 16 218 17 418 23 785 21 882 20 296

AsiaChina LEPJ –1 400 –1 894 –1 970 –3 329 –3 714 –4 924 –5 818 –7 024 –9 046 –11 062 –14 441Hong Kong BFJT 507 –1 148 –3 354 –4 690 –4 528 –3 415 –2 133 –941 –556 –1 466 –2 350India BFNA –344 –528 –475 –57 –565 –373 –3 –521 –673 –843 –1 414Indonesia BFKZ 53 –255 –481 –583 –656 –552 –405 –353 –337 –164 –488Iran ZWYG 321 285 207 146 286 440 560 532 588 453 374Israel BFMR 371 201 476 489 415 629 559 546 484 204 131Japan BFOO –2 821 –4 599 –4 720 –7 155 –6 144 –4 603 –929 –1 988 –2 614 –2 737 –2 700Malaysia BFPY –423 –774 –691 –1 096 –619 –215 –47 –135 34 –530 –229Pakistan BFRR –99 –184 –218 –359 –284 –570 –480 –414 –66 –91 –342Philippines BFRI –47 –470 –712 –839 –591 –508 –234 –192 –306 –409 –209Saudi Arabia BFTB 3 415 3 006 2 313 2 262 1 866 1 666 2 681 2 329 1 709 2 292 2 914Singapore BFTT 519 –82 –579 –91 206 152 174 435 1 164 953 1 238South Korea BFOX –214 –1 001 –1 353 –1 550 –949 –371 –184 16 –1 266 537Taiwan BFUU –1 009 –1 155 –1 556 –2 300 –1 660 –1 108 –871 –695 –604 –748 –895Thailand BFUC –190 –976 –916 –1 159 –1 224 –1 215 –1 119 –1 309 –1 288 –2 004 –1 749Residual Gulf Arabian Countries JITV 3 024 3 017 2 264 2 390 1 873 2 117 2 464 3 115 5 963 3 682 3 386Other Near & Middle Eastern Countries ZWYI 574 604 495 527 730 607 748 1 045 1 167 1 046 2 061Other LEWH –185 –322 –967 –1 210 –1 326 –1 372 –1 636 –2 095 –2 189 –1 729 –949

Total Asia LETE 2 052 –6 275 –12 237 –18 604 –16 885 –13 616 –6 673 –7 649 –6 571 –12 887 –15 125

Australasia & OceaniaAustralia CWJK 2 447 1 718 2 134 3 260 3 039 2 580 2 252 4 033 3 718 4 285 4 981New Zealand BFQZ 103 –2 209 3 88 179 236 66 77 68 83Other LEVP 71 337 –52 –37 –39 –7 6 –20 –23 –322 –122

Total Australasia & Oceania LETW 2 621 2 053 2 291 3 226 3 088 2 752 2 494 4 079 3 772 4 031 4 942

AfricaEgypt ZWYK –269 –189 76 –5 –21 96 26 182 70 –172 367Morocco ZWYL –75 –87 –131 –107 –143 –182 –180 –268 –301 –291 –480South Africa BFWW 1 223 868 320 –408 –378 330 –113 701 1 163 –707 641Other North Africa JIRW –33 75 –108 –414 –261 –303 60 –274 –4 029 –2 499 –1 599Other LEWQ 384 1 289 16 –409 –1 319 –1 122 –1 552 –1 636 2 578 163 –1 963

Total Africa LERU 1 230 1 956 173 –1 343 –2 122 –1 182 –1 759 –1 295 –519 –3 506 –3 034

International Organisations CTFA –826 –555 –610 –1 255 –1 215 –1 164 –726 –1 329 –1 551 –2 334 –2 667

World total HBOG –962 –3 179 –21 854 –25 787 –21 102 –18 657 –18 307 –25 200 –32 691 –45 031 –52 568


9.2 Current account


139


140

£ million

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007Exports


Austria LGHT 1 478 1 541 1 567 1 551 1 633 1 691 1 688 1 531 1 853 2 245 1 983Belgium and Luxembourg LGHU 10 289 10 467 11 641 12 799 12 387 13 371 14 587 14 347 15 063 18 755 16 466

of which Belgium A7RS .. .. 11 110 12 190 11 660 12 565 13 632 13 179 13 998 15 965 14 671Luxembourg A7RV .. .. 531 609 727 806 955 1 168 1 065 2 790 1 795

Bulgaria ZWLR 98 95 117 127 157 209 221 233 314 354 365Cyprus1 A7RT .. .. 393 460 426 491 552 655 671 1 313 916Czech Republic LGIN 834 897 886 1 095 1 260 1 212 1 247 1 306 1 415 1 872 1 902Denmark LGHV 2 985 3 099 3 039 3 495 3 657 4 103 3 708 3 647 3 855 6 028 4 551Estonia ZWLX 79 73 65 108 97 121 117 135 152 529 264Finland LGHW 2 124 1 971 2 015 2 426 2 490 2 274 2 371 2 315 2 372 2 932 3 129France LGHX 20 341 20 712 21 779 24 020 25 327 24 778 25 145 25 169 26 395 35 897 26 109Germany LGHY 25 762 25 976 26 222 29 471 30 848 29 561 28 665 29 865 32 176 37 360 34 976Greece LGHZ 1 710 1 744 2 023 2 087 1 965 1 999 2 076 2 152 2 294 2 238 2 251Hungary XUXI 545 581 624 819 817 968 1 082 1 305 1 392 1 269 1 357Ireland LGIA 11 749 12 179 13 368 15 223 17 493 19 710 17 540 19 745 22 859 24 308 24 967Italy LGIB 10 428 11 038 10 644 11 122 11 305 11 524 11 632 11 824 12 492 13 150 13 286Latvia ZWMF 112 102 93 114 117 115 142 141 195 461 235Lithuania ZWME 126 123 111 148 183 181 232 197 279 340 431Malta1 A7RW .. .. 255 263 267 289 333 336 311 405 487Netherlands LGIC 16 951 16 247 17 797 19 724 19 513 18 720 19 007 18 690 19 630 24 113 23 358Poland LGIO 1 599 1 465 1 441 1 585 1 634 1 710 1 873 1 923 2 451 3 692 3 334Portugal LGID 2 095 2 178 2 296 2 096 2 064 2 048 1 997 2 259 2 327 2 937 2 134Romania ZWMH 245 262 286 425 414 508 606 746 774 799 909Slovak Republic ZWMJ 162 127 145 196 246 231 273 270 358 384 522Slovenia ZWMI 171 142 166 185 198 230 204 215 232 270 265Spain LGIE 8 204 8 967 9 642 10 558 10 615 11 102 11 821 12 046 14 424 16 720 15 071Sweden LGIF 5 645 5 767 5 473 5 829 5 587 5 350 5 523 6 057 6 343 7 210 7 222European Central Bank ZWLL – – – 3 12 3 – – – – –EU Institutions LGIG 248 228 232 248 544 544 515 578 600 604 624

Total EU27 GC8Q .. .. 132 320 146 177 151 256 153 043 153 157 157 687 171 227 206 185 187 114

European Free Trade Association (EFTA)Iceland LGII 212 206 189 266 213 195 213 256 313 374 369Liechtenstein LGIJ 23 26 36 43 33 45 43 59 41 62 106Norway LGIK 3 592 3 874 3 136 3 049 2 789 3 145 3 214 3 453 4 022 4 051 5 206Switzerland LGIL 5 323 5 380 5 465 5 845 6 984 7 047 7 415 7 167 9 841 9 777 10 224

Total EFTA LGIM 9 150 9 486 8 826 9 203 10 018 10 432 10 885 10 935 14 217 14 264 15 905

Other EuropeAlbania ZWLP 7 8 15 9 28 25 16 34 24 29 31Belarus ZWLS 42 33 30 64 36 36 42 59 64 71 85Croatia ZWMC 124 118 118 110 122 149 189 168 163 242 255Russia LGIP 1 604 1 373 829 1 083 1 363 1 562 2 153 2 368 2 992 3 718 4 960Turkey LGIQ 2 076 1 900 1 599 2 151 1 548 1 659 2 041 2 270 2 672 2 961 2 980Ukraine ZWMK 204 231 170 199 231 484 371 280 376 485 645Serbia and Montenegro ZWMN 76 63 68 135 92 90 105 87 92 130 166Other1 ZWLM 2 569 1 718 1 348 1 438 1 345 1 639 2 213 2 466 2 999 3 436 3 638

Total Europe LGIS 139 832 140 911 145 323 160 569 166 039 169 119 171 172 176 354 194 826 231 521 215 779

AmericasArgentina ZWLQ 606 670 460 474 459 210 217 321 268 320 360Brazil LGIT 1 340 1 326 1 117 1 125 1 200 1 201 1 160 1 101 1 208 1 402 1 538Canada LGIU 3 331 3 560 3 929 4 884 4 842 4 650 4 834 5 122 5 033 5 913 5 734Chile ZWLT 268 296 221 211 235 202 202 218 240 306 361Colombia ZWLU 230 242 155 157 245 169 205 208 185 203 209Mexico LGIV 601 681 798 942 969 969 959 985 946 1 134 1 132United States of America LGIW 36 084 36 789 41 929 48 550 48 455 50 887 52 649 54 379 55 445 60 899 64 195Uruguay ZWML 87 79 75 64 53 35 90 42 52 57 53Venezuela ZWMM 254 314 273 305 424 405 245 288 332 304 312Other Central American Countries ZWLW 1 935 2 265 2 131 2 398 2 288 2 899 3 097 3 617 4 162 4 436 4 632Other ZWLZ 922 838 831 651 656 560 651 499 524 577 642

Total Americas LGIY 45 658 47 060 51 919 59 761 59 825 62 186 64 309 66 780 68 395 75 551 79 168

AsiaChina LGIZ 1 154 1 163 1 667 1 917 2 300 2 217 2 813 3 645 4 203 4 675 5 224Hong Kong LGJA 4 183 3 658 3 381 3 714 3 777 3 417 3 676 3 755 4 433 4 139 4 325India LGJB 2 162 1 730 1 971 2 611 2 447 2 390 3 006 3 234 3 959 4 314 4 647Indonesia LGJC 902 568 550 596 518 498 617 588 555 595 532Iran ZWMD 453 413 336 416 603 582 696 683 667 632 546Israel LGJD 1 555 1 388 1 822 1 961 1 868 1 857 1 729 1 793 1 909 1 755 1 721Japan LGJE 6 894 5 876 6 526 7 141 7 231 7 427 7 615 8 082 8 200 8 383 8 353Malaysia LGJF 1 715 1 221 1 328 1 297 1 405 1 281 1 451 1 542 1 552 1 367 1 409Pakistan LGJG 577 471 517 383 507 413 474 575 891 837 728Philippines LGJH 736 394 365 456 570 457 518 442 418 341 363Saudi Arabia LGJI 5 428 4 540 3 642 3 926 3 672 3 361 4 139 3 857 3 778 4 345 4 863Singapore LGJJ 2 628 2 182 2 757 2 711 2 886 2 611 3 235 3 855 4 718 5 188 5 759South Korea LGJK 1 716 1 158 1 360 1 746 1 690 1 966 1 942 2 394 2 414 2 584 2 833Taiwan LGJL 1 309 1 102 1 116 1 296 1 170 1 218 1 279 1 465 1 522 1 482 1 576Thailand LGJM 1 142 617 670 776 813 736 906 956 896 853 910Residual Gulf Arabian Countries ZWMA 3 994 3 652 3 292 3 689 3 863 3 952 4 688 5 788 8 939 7 348 7 199Other Near & Middle Eastern Countries ZWMB 651 644 612 624 820 767 893 1 115 1 191 1 395 1 173Other ZWLN 2 323 1 784 1 250 1 454 1 448 1 237 1 398 1 567 1 687 2 082 2 925

Total Asia LGJO 39 522 32 561 33 162 36 714 37 587 36 386 41 075 45 336 51 932 52 315 55 086

Australasia & OceaniaAustralia LGJP 3 983 3 644 3 763 4 287 4 262 3 940 4 312 4 752 5 293 5 266 5 815New Zealand LGJQ 689 657 678 606 610 586 650 800 828 751 778Other LGJR 145 89 99 127 137 152 179 175 146 178 152

Total Australasia & Oceania LGJS 4 817 4 390 4 540 5 020 5 009 4 678 5 141 5 727 6 267 6 195 6 745

AfricaEgypt ZWLY 620 609 822 778 792 689 697 991 917 1 030 1 300Morocco ZWMG 385 405 406 468 450 396 406 402 307 391 366South Africa LGJT 2 485 2 454 2 406 2 389 2 663 2 606 2 856 2 958 3 209 3 521 3 650Other North Africa ZWLV 705 732 504 684 664 700 874 823 858 893 959Other ZWLO 3 371 4 115 3 569 3 385 3 771 3 691 4 074 3 969 4 257 4 925 5 241

Total Africa LGJV 7 566 8 315 7 707 7 704 8 340 8 081 8 907 9 143 9 548 10 760 11 516

International Organisations LGJW 83 47 40 51 64 85 73 52 60 42 43

World total KTMW 237 478 233 284 242 691 269 819 276 866 280 536 290 677 303 392 331 028 376 384 368 337


9.3 Trade in goods and services


141


1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007Imports


Austria LGJY 1 742 1 872 1 909 1 887 2 394 3 084 3 436 3 107 3 327 3 673 3 294Belgium and Luxembourg LGJZ 10 738 11 281 11 879 12 602 13 959 15 237 15 411 16 199 17 615 20 842 18 535

of which Belgium A8EO .. .. 11 578 12 287 13 475 14 273 14 439 14 902 16 394 17 691 17 358Luxembourg A8ER .. .. 301 315 484 964 972 1 297 1 221 3 151 1 177

Bulgaria ZWNX 122 103 105 123 153 212 228 324 423 448 571Cyprus1 A8EP .. .. 952 1 093 1 302 1 224 1 339 1 286 1 478 2 627 1 327Czech Republic LGKS 555 701 726 970 1 296 1 500 1 749 1 717 2 351 3 523 3 454Denmark LGKA 2 822 2 667 2 980 3 304 3 577 4 341 4 182 4 201 5 320 7 455 4 426Estonia ZWOD 149 155 194 342 310 345 299 426 416 2 167 281Finland LGKB 2 731 2 547 2 670 3 169 3 325 3 073 2 977 2 620 2 784 3 481 3 020France LGKC 22 788 23 700 25 097 26 175 27 655 28 639 28 651 28 640 30 950 35 995 31 671Germany LGKD 29 226 28 969 31 569 33 167 35 431 37 842 39 247 41 825 46 932 50 620 52 775Greece LGKE 1 341 1 414 1 834 2 076 2 362 2 462 2 592 2 603 2 702 2 797 2 863Hungary ZWOJ 537 617 757 778 836 975 1 271 1 766 2 134 2 688 2 734Ireland LGKF 9 078 9 600 10 877 12 522 14 478 15 492 12 497 13 205 13 873 14 275 15 240Italy LGKG 11 541 12 106 12 038 12 370 12 862 13 813 14 910 15 728 16 953 16 919 17 916Latvia ZWOM 336 295 286 431 459 504 554 731 769 917 697Lithuania ZWOL 143 147 163 253 251 305 310 289 345 358 396Malta1 A8ES .. .. 323 349 400 406 464 502 520 455 489Netherlands LGKH 14 228 15 525 16 211 18 406 18 523 19 523 20 012 21 516 24 020 25 894 26 510Poland LGKT 726 797 851 1 089 1 366 1 452 1 769 2 133 2 876 4 579 4 887Portugal LGKI 2 593 2 618 2 827 2 756 2 741 2 969 3 333 3 322 3 454 4 483 3 177Romania ZWOO 220 244 304 400 525 606 770 916 970 1 028 1 110Slovak Republic ZWOQ 81 103 130 166 191 238 281 294 437 909 1 366Slovenia ZWOP 107 112 118 151 166 196 193 203 249 793 361Spain LGKJ 9 654 10 953 11 899 12 636 14 591 17 036 18 225 18 217 20 903 22 057 20 397Sweden LGKK 5 215 4 900 5 426 5 781 5 500 5 157 5 701 6 266 6 781 7 342 6 479European Central Bank ZWNR – – 1 1 1 1 – – – – –EU Institutions LGKL 1 10 6 3 5 14 17 4 4 2 –

Total EU27 GCU9 .. .. 142 132 153 000 164 659 176 646 180 418 188 040 208 586 236 327 223 976

European Free Trade Association (EFTA)Iceland LGKN 263 297 307 440 325 331 342 411 417 501 506Liechtenstein LGKO 27 53 30 28 32 23 36 22 17 43 60Norway LGKP 5 264 3 965 4 045 6 099 6 170 6 524 7 133 9 256 13 053 15 466 15 316Switzerland LGKQ 5 809 6 231 6 879 7 118 6 131 6 271 5 553 5 277 6 240 6 728 7 524

Total EFTA LGKR 11 363 10 546 11 261 13 685 12 658 13 149 13 064 14 966 19 727 22 738 23 406

Other EuropeAlbania ZWNV 2 1 7 7 9 15 17 20 8 13 22Belarus ZWNY 15 25 21 36 22 34 26 73 279 729 603Croatia ZWOI 67 77 60 68 106 115 123 137 193 243 232Russia LGKU 1 577 1 588 1 461 1 684 2 265 2 246 2 757 4 006 5 558 6 466 6 107Turkey LGKV 1 569 1 665 1 728 1 971 2 238 2 868 3 407 4 062 4 548 5 040 5 788Ukraine ZWOR 51 64 56 78 104 168 117 151 186 201 324Serbia and Montenegro ZWOU 44 41 45 45 61 63 75 76 85 138 146Other1 ZWNS 2 219 2 243 888 1 289 1 267 1 415 1 378 1 256 1 355 1 595 1 687

Total Europe LGKX 143 581 147 686 157 659 171 863 183 389 196 719 201 382 212 787 240 525 273 490 262 291

AmericasArgentina ZWNW 295 268 265 256 283 291 300 334 370 467 504Brazil LGKY 1 028 1 023 1 066 1 288 1 510 1 616 1 653 1 762 2 002 2 168 2 341Canada LGKZ 3 276 3 390 4 002 5 114 4 856 4 653 4 666 5 243 5 321 6 302 7 172Chile ZWNZ 394 372 370 486 512 508 457 546 559 558 571Colombia ZWOA 201 259 226 270 342 247 255 300 338 346 390Mexico LGLA 520 554 620 896 1 078 841 802 777 745 719 942United States of America LGLB 34 587 36 372 37 113 41 621 42 848 38 552 37 719 37 430 38 515 42 313 44 243Uruguay ZWOS 72 59 44 42 45 70 47 46 65 76 75Venezuela ZWOT 174 155 190 253 202 218 147 233 420 623 530Other Central American Countries ZWOC 1 533 1 758 1 862 2 517 2 022 2 078 2 414 2 983 2 961 4 052 3 758Other ZWOF 598 575 757 956 1 368 976 822 769 737 694 684

Total Americas LGLD 42 678 44 785 46 515 53 699 55 066 50 050 49 282 50 423 52 033 58 318 61 210

AsiaChina LGLE 2 544 3 035 3 650 5 118 6 116 7 222 8 805 10 946 13 658 16 048 19 682Hong Kong LGLF 4 741 4 906 5 529 6 488 6 360 6 185 6 215 6 477 7 361 8 182 8 103India LGLG 2 038 1 936 2 099 2 315 2 633 2 620 2 911 3 387 4 100 4 730 5 604Indonesia LGLH 989 958 1 081 1 206 1 249 1 142 1 172 1 018 937 1 096 1 054Iran ZWOK 46 57 54 73 65 62 74 102 76 131 104Israel LGLI 1 027 1 082 1 211 1 291 1 253 1 082 1 074 1 153 1 251 1 262 1 347Japan LGLJ 10 190 10 368 10 420 11 878 10 896 9 528 9 824 9 811 10 927 10 605 10 883Malaysia LGLK 2 175 2 145 2 147 2 515 2 130 1 924 2 037 2 231 2 085 2 148 1 909Pakistan LGLL 554 534 606 663 701 870 905 985 959 997 925Philippines LGLM 789 919 1 071 1 361 1 237 1 044 868 764 855 915 870Saudi Arabia LGLN 1 297 1 242 1 309 1 530 1 576 1 979 1 779 1 846 2 284 1 902 1 517Singapore LGLO 2 937 2 665 2 709 2 731 2 462 2 387 3 097 4 040 4 558 4 622 5 146South Korea LGLP 2 291 2 330 2 919 3 557 2 935 2 913 2 749 3 329 3 317 3 321 3 377Taiwan LGLQ 2 331 2 327 2 745 3 718 2 933 2 568 2 378 2 543 2 538 2 559 2 717Thailand LGLR 1 402 1 572 1 598 1 987 2 065 2 071 2 159 2 401 2 331 2 608 2 696Residual Gulf Arabian Countries ZWOG 984 1 233 1 267 1 523 1 689 1 836 2 277 2 651 3 029 3 456 3 580Other Near & Middle Eastern Countries ZWOH 160 159 219 243 288 340 328 317 432 988 556Other ZWNT 1 770 1 652 1 696 2 227 2 200 2 276 2 629 3 135 2 923 3 504 3 551

Total Asia LGLT 38 265 39 120 42 330 50 424 48 788 48 049 51 281 57 136 63 621 69 074 73 621

Australasia & OceaniaAustralia LGLU 2 211 2 327 2 384 2 734 3 027 3 118 3 265 3 259 3 969 3 916 4 021New Zealand LGLV 788 744 814 808 829 859 899 1 018 1 093 1 040 1 110Other LGLW 199 150 151 149 114 129 153 184 178 197 145

Total Australasia & Oceania LGLX 3 198 3 221 3 349 3 691 3 970 4 106 4 317 4 461 5 240 5 153 5 276

AfricaEgypt ZWOE 386 394 484 701 773 729 782 840 887 1 266 1 132Morocco ZWON 424 468 520 568 586 594 584 659 595 612 816South Africa LGLY 1 742 1 838 2 116 3 081 3 439 3 369 3 870 4 182 4 956 4 929 3 988Other North Africa ZWOB 550 612 551 1 022 864 851 834 1 067 1 283 1 902 2 130Other ZWNU 2 128 1 904 2 600 2 664 3 940 4 102 4 311 4 554 4 559 4 787 5 296

Total Africa LGMA 5 230 5 216 6 271 8 036 9 602 9 645 10 381 11 302 12 280 13 496 13 362

International Organisations LGMB 67 66 56 80 62 40 29 37 43 57 57

World total KTMX 233 019 240 094 256 180 287 793 300 878 308 609 316 672 336 146 373 742 419 588 415 817




142


1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007Balances


Austria LGMD –264 –331 –342 –336 –761 –1 393 –1 748 –1 576 –1 474 –1 428 –1 311Belgium and Luxembourg LGME –449 –814 –238 197 –1 572 –1 866 –824 –1 852 –2 552 –2 087 –2 069

of which Belgium A8HC .. .. –468 –97 –1 815 –1 708 –807 –1 723 –2 396 –1 726 –2 687Luxembourg A8HF .. .. 230 294 243 –158 –17 –129 –156 –361 618

Bulgaria ZWSK –24 –8 12 4 4 –3 –7 –91 –109 –94 –206Cyprus1 A8HD .. .. –559 –633 –876 –733 –787 –631 –807 –1 314 –411Czech Republic LGMX 279 196 160 125 –36 –288 –502 –411 –936 –1 651 –1 552Denmark LGMF 163 432 59 191 80 –238 –474 –554 –1 465 –1 427 125Estonia ZWSQ –70 –82 –129 –234 –213 –224 –182 –291 –264 –1 638 –17Finland LGMG –607 –576 –655 –743 –835 –799 –606 –305 –412 –549 109France LGMH –2 447 –2 988 –3 318 –2 155 –2 328 –3 861 –3 506 –3 471 –4 555 –98 –5 562Germany LGMI –3 464 –2 993 –5 347 –3 696 –4 583 –8 281 –10 582 –11 960 –14 756 –13 260 –17 799Greece LGMJ 369 330 189 11 –397 –463 –516 –451 –408 –559 –612Hungary ZWSW 8 –36 –133 41 –19 –7 –189 –461 –742 –1 419 –1 377Ireland LGMK 2 671 2 579 2 491 2 701 3 015 4 218 5 043 6 540 8 986 10 033 9 727Italy LGML –1 113 –1 068 –1 394 –1 248 –1 557 –2 289 –3 278 –3 904 –4 461 –3 769 –4 630Latvia ZWSZ –224 –193 –193 –317 –342 –389 –412 –590 –574 –456 –462Lithuania ZWSY –17 –24 –52 –105 –68 –124 –78 –92 –66 –18 35Malta1 A8HG .. .. –68 –86 –133 –117 –131 –166 –209 –50 –2Netherlands LGMM 2 723 722 1 586 1 318 990 –803 –1 005 –2 826 –4 390 –1 781 –3 152Poland LGMY 873 668 590 496 268 258 104 –210 –425 –887 –1 553Portugal LGMN –498 –440 –531 –660 –677 –921 –1 336 –1 063 –1 127 –1 546 –1 043Romania ZWTB 25 18 –18 25 –111 –98 –164 –170 –196 –229 –201Slovak Republic ZWTD 81 24 15 30 55 –7 –8 –24 –79 –525 –844Slovenia ZWTC 64 30 48 34 32 34 11 12 –17 –523 –96Spain LGMO –1 450 –1 986 –2 257 –2 078 –3 976 –5 934 –6 404 –6 171 –6 479 –5 337 –5 326Sweden LGMP 430 867 47 48 87 193 –178 –209 –438 –132 743European Central Bank ZWSE – – –1 2 11 2 – – – – –EU Institutions LGMQ 247 218 226 245 539 530 498 574 596 602 624

Total EU27 GD6Q .. .. –9 812 –6 823 –13 403 –23 603 –27 261 –30 353 –37 359 –30 142 –36 862

European Free Trade Association (EFTA)Iceland LGMS –51 –91 –118 –174 –112 –136 –129 –155 –104 –127 –137Liechtenstein LGMT –4 –27 6 15 1 22 7 37 24 19 46Norway LGMU –1 672 –91 –909 –3 050 –3 381 –3 379 –3 919 –5 803 –9 031 –11 415 –10 110Switzerland LGMV –486 –851 –1 414 –1 273 853 776 1 862 1 890 3 601 3 049 2 700

Total EFTA LGMW –2 213 –1 060 –2 435 –4 482 –2 640 –2 717 –2 179 –4 031 –5 510 –8 474 –7 501

Other EuropeAlbania ZWSI 5 7 8 2 19 10 –1 14 16 16 9Belarus ZWSL 27 8 9 28 14 2 16 –14 –215 –658 –518Croatia ZWSV 57 41 58 42 16 34 66 31 –30 –1 23Russia LGMZ 27 –215 –632 –601 –902 –684 –604 –1 638 –2 566 –2 748 –1 147Turkey LGNA 507 235 –129 180 –690 –1 209 –1 366 –1 792 –1 876 –2 079 –2 808Ukraine ZWTE 153 167 114 121 127 316 254 129 190 284 321Serbia and Montenegro ZWTH 32 22 23 90 31 27 30 11 7 –8 20Other1 ZWSF 350 –525 460 149 78 224 835 1 210 1 644 1 841 1 951

Total Europe LGNC –3 749 –6 775 –12 336 –11 294 –17 350 –27 600 –30 210 –36 433 –45 699 –41 969 –46 512

AmericasArgentina ZWSJ 311 402 195 218 176 –81 –83 –13 –102 –147 –144Brazil LGND 312 303 51 –163 –310 –415 –493 –661 –794 –766 –803Canada LGNE 55 170 –73 –230 –14 –3 168 –121 –288 –389 –1 438Chile ZWSM –126 –76 –149 –275 –277 –306 –255 –328 –319 –252 –210Colombia ZWSN 29 –17 –71 –113 –97 –78 –50 –92 –153 –143 –181Mexico LGNF 81 127 178 46 –109 128 157 208 201 415 190United States of America LGNG 1 497 417 4 816 6 929 5 607 12 335 14 930 16 949 16 930 18 586 19 952Uruguay ZWTF 15 20 31 22 8 –35 43 –4 –13 –19 –22Venezuela ZWTG 80 159 83 52 222 187 98 55 –88 –319 –218Other Central American Countries ZWSP 402 507 269 –119 266 821 683 634 1 201 384 874Other ZWSS 324 263 74 –305 –712 –416 –171 –270 –213 –117 –42

Total Americas LGNI 2 980 2 275 5 404 6 062 4 759 12 136 15 027 16 357 16 362 17 233 17 958

AsiaChina LGNJ –1 390 –1 872 –1 983 –3 201 –3 816 –5 005 –5 992 –7 301 –9 455 –11 373 –14 458Hong Kong LGNK –558 –1 248 –2 148 –2 774 –2 583 –2 768 –2 539 –2 722 –2 928 –4 043 –3 778India LGNL 124 –206 –128 296 –186 –230 95 –153 –141 –416 –957Indonesia LGNM –87 –390 –531 –610 –731 –644 –555 –430 –382 –501 –522Iran ZWSX 407 356 282 343 538 520 622 581 591 501 442Israel LGNN 528 306 611 670 615 775 655 640 658 493 374Japan LGNO –3 296 –4 492 –3 894 –4 737 –3 665 –2 101 –2 209 –1 729 –2 727 –2 222 –2 530Malaysia LGNP –460 –924 –819 –1 218 –725 –643 –586 –689 –533 –781 –500Pakistan LGNQ 23 –63 –89 –280 –194 –457 –431 –410 –68 –160 –197Philippines LGNR –53 –525 –706 –905 –667 –587 –350 –322 –437 –574 –507Saudi Arabia LGNS 4 131 3 298 2 333 2 396 2 096 1 382 2 360 2 011 1 494 2 443 3 346Singapore LGNT –309 –483 48 –20 424 224 138 –185 160 566 613South Korea LGNU –575 –1 172 –1 559 –1 811 –1 245 –947 –807 –935 –903 –737 –544Taiwan LGNV –1 022 –1 225 –1 629 –2 422 –1 763 –1 350 –1 099 –1 078 –1 016 –1 077 –1 141Thailand LGNW –260 –955 –928 –1 211 –1 252 –1 335 –1 253 –1 445 –1 435 –1 755 –1 786Residual Gulf Arabian Countries ZWST 3 010 2 419 2 025 2 166 2 174 2 116 2 411 3 137 5 910 3 892 3 619Other Near & Middle Eastern Countries ZWSU 491 485 393 381 532 427 565 798 759 407 617Other ZWSG 553 132 –446 –773 –752 –1 039 –1 231 –1 568 –1 236 –1 422 –626

Total Asia LGNY 1 257 –6 559 –9 168 –13 710 –11 201 –11 663 –10 206 –11 800 –11 689 –16 759 –18 535

Australasia & OceaniaAustralia LGNZ 1 772 1 317 1 379 1 553 1 235 822 1 047 1 493 1 324 1 350 1 794New Zealand LGOA –99 –87 –136 –202 –219 –273 –249 –218 –265 –289 –332Other LGOB –54 –61 –52 –22 23 23 26 –9 –32 –19 7

Total Australasia & Oceania LGOC 1 619 1 169 1 191 1 329 1 039 572 824 1 266 1 027 1 042 1 469

AfricaEgypt ZWSR 234 215 338 77 19 –40 –85 151 30 –236 168Morocco ZWTA –39 –63 –114 –100 –136 –198 –178 –257 –288 –221 –450South Africa LGOD 743 616 290 –692 –776 –763 –1 014 –1 224 –1 747 –1 408 –338Other North Africa ZWSO 155 120 –47 –338 –200 –151 40 –244 –425 –1 009 –1 171Other ZWSH 1 243 2 211 969 721 –169 –411 –237 –585 –302 138 –55

Total Africa LGOF 2 336 3 099 1 436 –332 –1 262 –1 564 –1 474 –2 159 –2 732 –2 736 –1 846

International Organisations LGOG 16 –19 –16 –29 2 45 44 15 17 –15 –14

World total KTMY 4 459 –6 810 –13 489 –17 974 –24 012 –28 073 –25 995 –32 754 –42 714 –43 204 –47 480




143


144

£ million

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007Exports


Austria QBRY 1 159 1 190 1 168 1 146 1 224 1 265 1 264 1 095 1 332 1 699 1 376Belgium and Luxembourg QBSB 8 451 8 445 9 241 10 322 9 893 10 552 11 374 10 510 11 394 15 082 12 111

of which Belgium QDOH .. .. 9 117 10 102 9 609 10 182 11 073 10 249 11 182 13 418 11 840Luxembourg QDOK .. .. 124 220 284 370 301 261 212 1 664 271

Bulgaria QAMF 78 81 76 85 122 134 154 155 220 237 202Cyprus1 QDNZ .. .. 259 311 291 272 317 324 359 960 415Czech Republic QDLF 709 698 733 927 1 075 1 031 1 003 978 1 080 1 526 1 399Denmark QBSE 2 093 2 057 2 054 2 315 2 267 2 729 2 180 2 042 2 314 3 715 2 180Estonia QAMN 64 68 51 96 83 100 95 106 115 472 228Finland QBSH 1 570 1 434 1 354 1 471 1 611 1 442 1 493 1 363 1 514 1 872 1 958France QDJA 16 601 16 449 16 907 18 577 19 249 18 757 18 885 18 562 19 931 28 693 18 086Germany QDJD 20 685 20 590 20 464 22 789 23 655 22 064 20 805 21 668 23 025 27 602 24 672Greece QDJG 1 047 1 045 1 206 1 251 1 156 1 234 1 286 1 408 1 367 1 469 1 344Hungary QDLI 435 486 486 613 612 750 856 934 834 855 863Ireland QDJJ 9 357 9 604 10 783 12 372 13 835 15 422 12 224 14 134 16 294 17 480 17 782Italy QDJM 8 214 8 608 7 831 8 429 8 404 8 506 8 603 8 400 8 790 9 494 9 178Latvia QAMO 85 86 69 84 84 77 113 92 103 393 145Lithuania QAMP 107 116 96 131 137 149 189 142 167 238 311Malta1 QDOC .. .. 189 206 215 228 260 259 240 319 362Netherlands QDJP 13 923 12 983 13 632 15 167 14 599 14 011 13 597 12 029 12 716 16 522 15 098Poland QDLL 1 354 1 178 1 169 1 299 1 297 1 318 1 462 1 417 1 653 2 705 2 370Portugal QDJT 1 752 1 722 1 712 1 660 1 579 1 518 1 453 1 580 1 698 2 374 1 479Romania QAMQ 213 233 242 381 341 432 509 609 647 637 666Slovak Republic QAMR 132 103 114 157 203 201 237 224 259 272 381Slovenia QAMS 149 136 140 157 160 182 161 163 169 200 203Spain QDJW 6 745 7 171 7 526 8 302 8 363 8 490 8 943 9 100 10 677 12 295 9 970Sweden QDJZ 4 451 4 392 4 035 4 211 3 951 3 873 3 823 4 356 4 588 5 246 4 899European Central Bank QARP – – – – – – – – – – –EU Institutions EOAY – – – – – – – – – – –

Total EU27 LGCJ .. .. 101 537 112 459 114 406 114 737 111 286 111 650 121 486 152 357 127 678

European Free Trade Association (EFTA)Iceland QDKW 157 158 159 193 150 131 141 167 179 188 195Liechtenstein EPOW 10 4 2 6 3 2 3 6 2 20 3Norway QDKZ 2 609 2 658 1 999 2 018 1 813 1 696 1 886 1 939 2 211 2 125 2 675Switzerland QDLC 2 955 2 892 2 768 3 061 3 496 3 080 2 786 2 842 4 985 4 189 3 774

Total EFTA EPOT 5 731 5 712 4 928 5 278 5 461 4 909 4 816 4 954 7 377 6 522 6 647

Other EuropeAlbania QAMC 7 8 12 7 23 19 10 12 16 16 20Belarus QAME 35 32 27 37 33 32 38 53 57 62 71Croatia QAMM 105 106 80 72 88 94 138 125 118 144 157Russia QDLO 1 233 929 532 668 893 981 1 420 1 465 1 869 2 063 2 868Turkey QDLR 1 734 1 562 1 198 1 800 1 150 1 287 1 638 1 903 2 160 2 426 2 261Ukraine QAMT 166 166 147 156 202 182 245 224 279 338 446Serbia and Montenegro QAMW 37 43 29 32 51 62 65 66 58 88 105Other1 BOQE 682 604 133 196 185 134 176 214 249 326 289

Total Europe EPLM 109 104 108 037 108 623 120 705 122 492 122 437 119 832 120 666 133 669 164 342 140 542

AmericasArgentina QAOM 486 458 293 288 264 127 134 178 167 217 233Brazil QDLU 1 030 899 739 775 808 880 825 789 836 918 1 100Canada QATH 2 146 2 147 2 532 3 487 3 203 3 107 3 239 3 340 3 277 3 894 3 261Chile QAMG 211 171 115 115 132 115 123 134 150 184 189Colombia QAML 170 175 107 101 105 83 108 118 117 134 139Mexico QDLX 428 516 577 675 681 704 687 629 638 747 794United States of America QAMH 20 853 21 082 24 040 29 276 29 244 28 197 28 672 28 589 30 916 32 098 32 113Uruguay QAMU 78 68 66 57 48 30 30 32 39 41 36Venezuela QAMV 206 242 205 222 314 306 143 190 234 236 257Other Central American Countries BOQQ 758 785 922 979 684 690 712 619 677 855 866Other BOQT 655 589 596 431 437 409 491 352 332 356 345

Total Americas EPLO 27 021 27 132 30 192 36 406 35 919 34 647 35 164 34 970 37 383 39 680 39 333

AsiaChina QDMA 922 860 1 211 1 468 1 709 1 493 1 924 2 366 2 811 3 264 3 826Hong Kong QDMD 3 215 2 671 2 312 2 673 2 683 2 411 2 481 2 630 3 087 2 864 2 702India QDMG 1 576 1 242 1 450 2 058 1 772 1 755 2 284 2 234 2 798 2 693 2 944Indonesia QDMJ 674 369 385 404 313 324 452 397 366 311 287Iran QAON 380 320 237 292 434 397 471 442 452 423 388Israel QDMM 1 178 1 079 1 295 1 516 1 357 1 428 1 359 1 386 1 352 1 308 1 246Japan QAMJ 4 180 3 127 3 300 3 672 3 673 3 583 3 710 3 863 3 900 4 109 3 836Malaysia QDMP 1 206 677 934 907 1 029 877 1 028 991 1 088 877 966Pakistan QDMS 271 228 221 207 229 240 291 343 461 488 418Philippines QDMV 601 301 239 273 392 352 377 315 279 242 251Saudi Arabia QDMY 3 656 2 605 1 481 1 557 1 525 1 388 1 819 1 611 1 559 1 644 1 843Singapore QDNB 2 047 1 598 1 597 1 625 1 592 1 445 1 582 1 708 2 078 2 318 2 445South Korea QDNE 1 222 666 949 1 350 1 262 1 461 1 468 1 481 1 677 1 746 1 898Taiwan QDNH 1 036 867 865 1 015 875 848 897 950 939 911 949Thailand QDNK 863 386 463 582 594 529 572 637 638 567 606Residual Gulf Arabian Countries BOQW 3 127 2 640 2 258 2 586 2 749 2 620 3 353 4 027 6 951 5 074 4 462Other Near & Middle Eastern Countries QARJ 498 466 406 393 481 499 632 774 744 972 760Other BORB 1 186 771 592 644 564 510 600 607 580 677 1 503

Total Asia EPLP 27 838 20 873 20 195 23 222 23 232 22 159 25 300 26 762 31 760 30 488 31 330

Australasia & OceaniaAustralia QDNN 2 454 2 188 2 155 2 699 2 298 2 114 2 289 2 455 2 580 2 488 2 610New Zealand QDNQ 409 336 324 305 309 311 348 418 415 373 360Other EGIZ 84 42 38 43 42 55 64 43 81 70 56

Total Australasia & Oceania EPLQ 2 947 2 566 2 517 3 047 2 649 2 480 2 701 2 916 3 076 2 931 3 026

AfricaEgypt QDNT 501 505 539 498 452 463 458 667 543 577 682Morocco QAOO 356 348 359 407 368 346 358 340 261 306 294South Africa QDNW 1 646 1 520 1 281 1 413 1 534 1 597 1 766 1 874 2 073 2 184 2 225Other North Africa BORU 451 440 386 419 445 478 587 540 484 494 512Other BOQH 2 059 2 635 2 074 1 819 2 000 1 917 2 154 2 139 2 359 2 633 2 759

Total Africa EPLN 5 013 5 448 4 639 4 556 4 799 4 800 5 323 5 560 5 720 6 194 6 472

International Organisations EPLR – – – – – – – – – – –

World total LQAD 171 923 164 056 166 166 187 936 189 093 186 524 188 320 190 874 211 608 243 635 220 703


9.4 Trade in goods


145


1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007Imports


Austria QBRZ 1 393 1 411 1 453 1 410 1 888 2 396 2 776 2 354 2 461 2 786 2 482Belgium and Luxembourg QBSC 9 390 9 831 10 156 10 927 12 159 13 201 13 205 13 846 15 155 18 183 15 765

of which Belgium QDOI .. .. 10 079 10 795 11 859 12 449 12 481 12 906 14 238 15 558 15 073Luxembourg QDOL .. .. 77 132 300 752 724 940 917 2 625 692

Bulgaria QAMZ 88 74 69 85 101 116 124 150 169 208 237Cyprus1 QDOA .. .. 186 208 243 247 251 205 272 1 445 188Czech Republic QDLG 450 555 580 802 1 097 1 250 1 412 1 291 1 883 2 987 2 972Denmark QBSF 2 316 2 156 2 341 2 630 2 922 3 595 3 399 3 357 4 393 6 439 3 430Estonia QAND 147 150 188 309 283 327 264 379 363 2 100 226Finland QBTG 2 544 2 328 2 365 2 765 2 965 2 791 2 663 2 336 2 431 3 118 2 605France QDJB 18 020 17 956 18 410 18 644 20 127 20 798 20 389 20 133 21 984 26 376 21 821Germany QDJE 25 632 25 095 26 812 28 462 30 192 32 442 33 667 35 381 39 169 42 660 44 428Greece QDJH 396 363 408 459 476 555 613 637 703 789 612Hungary QDLJ 465 535 668 683 710 846 1 120 1 579 1 860 2 348 2 372Ireland QDJK 7 391 7 802 8 705 10 261 12 141 13 176 9 920 10 131 10 411 10 770 11 313Italy QDJN 9 548 9 744 9 383 9 514 9 860 10 675 11 481 12 184 12 673 12 775 13 271Latvia QANE 331 290 274 406 439 485 525 693 725 833 605Lithuania QANF 140 140 158 247 235 268 285 270 273 274 297Malta1 QDOD .. .. 127 126 144 168 185 184 177 161 179Netherlands QDJQ 12 328 13 408 13 768 15 380 15 395 16 143 16 692 18 196 20 436 22 275 23 010Poland QDLM 597 653 676 905 1 166 1 265 1 545 1 835 2 320 3 622 3 684Portugal QDJU 1 763 1 790 1 822 1 735 1 625 1 761 1 966 1 928 2 018 3 054 1 482Romania QANG 195 222 253 336 448 522 679 786 803 861 938Slovak Republic QANH 71 71 102 136 177 211 259 261 370 815 1 271Slovenia QANI 95 100 104 122 149 173 169 169 201 740 318Spain QDJX 5 102 5 738 5 966 6 141 7 360 9 190 9 247 9 120 11 450 12 144 10 380Sweden QDKA 4 693 4 361 4 648 4 951 4 671 4 330 4 568 5 118 5 463 5 985 5 256European Central Bank QARQ – – – – – – – – – – –EU Institutions EOBS – – – – – – – – – – –

Total EU27 LGDB .. .. 109 622 117 644 126 973 136 931 137 404 142 523 158 163 183 748 169 142

European Free Trade Association (EFTA)Iceland QDKX 229 251 282 365 281 289 296 355 346 402 414Liechtenstein EPOX 26 20 23 22 25 22 25 18 13 37 37Norway QDLA 4 666 3 440 3 546 5 563 5 523 5 258 6 423 8 495 12 077 14 453 14 278Switzerland QDLD 4 636 4 755 5 341 5 485 4 544 4 595 3 759 3 447 3 884 4 372 4 731

Total EFTA EPOU 9 557 8 466 9 192 11 435 10 373 10 164 10 503 12 315 16 320 19 264 19 460

Other EuropeAlbania QAMX 2 – 1 2 – 2 3 – – – –Belarus QAMY 14 20 20 34 18 31 22 72 271 710 582Croatia QANC 34 40 39 41 51 68 50 54 54 67 75Russia QDLP 1 418 1 406 1 324 1 496 2 047 1 950 2 454 3 506 5 010 5 740 5 243Turkey QDLS 990 1 103 1 204 1 450 1 669 2 164 2 619 3 250 3 510 3 946 4 618Ukraine QANJ 37 50 47 64 71 143 94 108 91 125 129Serbia and Montenegro QANM 30 30 14 23 23 30 34 38 42 64 74Other1 BOQF 345 407 172 177 271 261 283 265 325 303 313

Total Europe EPMM 115 522 116 295 121 635 132 366 141 496 151 744 153 466 162 131 183 786 213 967 199 636

AmericasArgentina QAOP 258 198 190 181 209 236 252 265 283 351 414Brazil QDLV 911 883 910 1 114 1 279 1 365 1 477 1 545 1 740 1 905 2 059Canada QATI 2 480 2 519 3 026 4 009 3 664 3 563 3 664 4 194 4 157 4 954 5 775Chile QANA 374 329 328 451 464 460 414 474 478 519 502Colombia QANB 178 199 191 231 311 212 223 277 298 299 353Mexico QDLY 371 366 395 613 680 505 490 411 446 444 581United States of America QAMI 24 329 24 785 24 360 28 416 29 345 25 149 22 857 22 103 22 187 25 551 25 803Uruguay QANK 70 53 40 36 36 47 43 41 58 63 69Venezuela QANL 150 115 144 207 160 183 113 207 386 593 492Other Central American Countries BOQR 680 712 871 1 044 616 766 1 000 1 100 1 189 1 380 1 116Other BOQU 388 410 542 700 1 220 852 692 659 567 569 521

Total Americas EPMO 30 189 30 569 30 997 37 002 37 984 33 338 31 225 31 276 31 789 36 628 37 685

AsiaChina QDMB 2 379 2 816 3 384 4 826 5 741 6 726 8 342 10 390 12 962 15 237 18 681Hong Kong QDME 4 146 4 391 4 909 5 917 5 754 5 561 5 500 5 761 6 602 7 338 6 922India QDMH 1 546 1 382 1 426 1 651 1 816 1 804 2 093 2 287 2 781 3 121 3 798Indonesia QDMK 862 854 931 1 081 1 128 1 006 875 918 839 958 929Iran QAOQ 29 32 33 30 28 33 29 41 34 70 64Israel QDMN 839 875 996 1 025 939 880 861 920 1 002 965 1 042Japan QAMK 9 031 9 124 9 118 10 214 9 080 8 079 8 085 8 109 8 669 7 857 7 863Malaysia QDMQ 1 931 1 892 1 961 2 288 1 939 1 731 1 867 2 022 1 813 1 895 1 678Pakistan QDMT 362 340 318 363 421 472 519 554 487 511 512Philippines QDMW 726 855 983 1 155 1 155 944 713 655 712 742 714Saudi Arabia QDMZ 841 791 783 977 933 677 715 1 158 1 714 1 232 824Singapore QDNC 2 585 2 343 2 348 2 395 2 067 1 959 2 672 3 379 3 828 3 756 4 236South Korea QDNF 2 147 2 201 2 784 3 416 2 756 2 728 2 563 3 083 3 063 3 069 3 063Taiwan QDNI 2 230 2 217 2 626 3 561 2 784 2 385 2 198 2 341 2 226 2 339 2 410Thailand QDNL 1 166 1 264 1 291 1 602 1 607 1 550 1 646 1 760 1 719 1 922 2 005Residual Gulf Arabian Countries BOQX 734 847 833 1 109 1 138 1 225 1 516 1 725 2 012 2 198 2 086Other Near & Middle Eastern Countries QARK 87 81 135 118 133 189 177 110 233 766 386Other BORD 1 138 1 117 1 217 1 596 1 665 1 719 1 984 2 238 2 077 2 479 2 693

Total Asia EPMP 32 779 33 422 36 076 43 324 41 084 39 668 42 355 47 451 52 773 56 455 59 906

Australasia & OceaniaAustralia QDNO 1 320 1 363 1 338 1 543 1 776 1 688 1 789 1 868 2 100 2 107 2 241New Zealand QDNR 555 517 565 544 542 522 552 584 592 600 664Other HFKF 164 124 122 124 94 96 125 130 130 120 98Total Australasia & Oceania EPMQ 2 039 2 004 2 025 2 211 2 412 2 306 2 466 2 582 2 822 2 827 3 003

AfricaEgypt QDNU 256 277 255 411 406 416 432 495 349 662 538Morocco QAOR 331 349 383 454 439 453 443 510 420 373 434South Africa QDNX 1 323 1 351 1 636 2 553 2 841 2 685 2 949 3 272 3 937 3 904 3 053Other North Africa BORW 323 280 333 699 515 588 568 736 935 1 617 1 720Other BOQJ 1 503 1 322 1 877 1 892 3 127 3 031 3 023 3 321 3 386 3 514 3 980

Total Africa EPMN 3 736 3 579 4 484 6 009 7 328 7 173 7 415 8 334 9 027 10 070 9 725

International Organisations EPMR – – – – – – – – – – –

World total LQBL 184 265 185 869 195 217 220 912 230 305 234 229 236 927 251 774 280 197 319 947 309 955


9.4 Trade in goods


146


1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007Balances


Austria QBSA –234 –221 –285 –264 –664 –1 131 –1 512 –1 259 –1 129 –1 087 –1 106Belgium and Luxembourg QBSD –939 –1 386 –915 –605 –2 266 –2 649 –1 831 –3 336 –3 761 –3 101 –3 654

of which Belgium QDOJ .. .. –962 –693 –2 250 –2 267 –1 408 –2 657 –3 056 –2 140 –3 233Luxembourg QDOM .. .. 47 88 –16 –382 –423 –679 –705 –961 –421

Bulgaria QANP –10 7 7 – 21 18 30 5 51 29 –35Cyprus1 QDOB .. .. 73 103 48 25 66 119 87 –485 227Czech Republic QDLH 259 143 153 125 –22 –219 –409 –313 –803 –1 461 –1 573Denmark QBSG –223 –99 –287 –315 –655 –866 –1 219 –1 315 –2 079 –2 724 –1 250Estonia QANT –83 –82 –137 –213 –200 –227 –169 –273 –248 –1 628 2Finland QBTL –974 –894 –1 011 –1 294 –1 354 –1 349 –1 170 –973 –917 –1 246 –647France QDJC –1 419 –1 507 –1 503 –67 –878 –2 041 –1 504 –1 571 –2 053 2 317 –3 735Germany QDJF –4 947 –4 505 –6 348 –5 673 –6 537 –10 378 –12 862 –13 713 –16 144 –15 058 –19 756Greece QDJI 651 682 798 792 680 679 673 771 664 680 732Hungary QDLK –30 –49 –182 –70 –98 –96 –264 –645 –1 026 –1 493 –1 509Ireland QDJL 1 966 1 802 2 078 2 111 1 694 2 246 2 304 4 003 5 883 6 710 6 469Italy QDJO –1 334 –1 136 –1 552 –1 085 –1 456 –2 169 –2 878 –3 784 –3 883 –3 281 –4 093Latvia QANU –246 –204 –205 –322 –355 –408 –412 –601 –622 –440 –460Lithuania QANV –33 –24 –62 –116 –98 –119 –96 –128 –106 –36 14Malta1 QDOE .. .. 62 80 71 60 75 75 63 158 183Netherlands QDJR 1 595 –425 –136 –213 –796 –2 132 –3 095 –6 167 –7 720 –5 753 –7 912Poland QDLN 757 525 493 394 131 53 –83 –418 –667 –917 –1 314Portugal QDJV –11 –68 –110 –75 –46 –243 –513 –348 –320 –680 –3Romania QAOD 18 11 –11 45 –107 –90 –170 –177 –156 –224 –272Slovak Republic QAOG 61 32 12 21 26 –10 –22 –37 –111 –543 –890Slovenia QAOH 54 36 36 35 11 9 –8 –6 –32 –540 –115Spain QDJY 1 643 1 433 1 560 2 161 1 003 –700 –304 –20 –773 151 –410Sweden QDKV –242 31 –613 –740 –720 –457 –745 –762 –875 –739 –357European Central Bank QARR – – – – – – – – – – –EU Institutions EOCM – – – – – – – – – – –

Total EU27 LGCF .. .. –8 085 –5 185 –12 567 –22 194 –26 118 –30 873 –36 677 –31 391 –41 464

European Free Trade Association (EFTA)Iceland QDKY –72 –93 –123 –172 –131 –158 –155 –188 –167 –214 –219Liechtenstein EPOY –16 –16 –21 –16 –22 –20 –22 –12 –11 –17 –34Norway QDLB –2 057 –782 –1 547 –3 545 –3 710 –3 562 –4 537 –6 556 –9 866 –12 328 –11 603Switzerland QDLE –1 681 –1 863 –2 573 –2 424 –1 048 –1 515 –973 –605 1 101 –183 –957

Total EFTA EPOV –3 826 –2 754 –4 264 –6 157 –4 912 –5 255 –5 687 –7 361 –8 943 –12 742 –12 813

Other EuropeAlbania QANN 5 8 11 5 23 17 7 12 16 16 20Belarus QANO 21 12 7 3 15 1 16 –19 –214 –648 –511Croatia QANS 71 66 41 31 37 26 88 71 64 77 82Russia QDLQ –185 –477 –792 –828 –1 154 –969 –1 034 –2 041 –3 141 –3 677 –2 375Turkey QDLT 744 459 –6 350 –519 –877 –981 –1 347 –1 350 –1 520 –2 357Ukraine QAOI 129 116 100 92 131 39 151 116 188 213 317Serbia and Montenegro QAOL 7 13 15 9 28 32 31 28 16 24 31Other1 BOQG 337 197 –39 19 –86 –127 –107 –51 –76 23 –24

Total Europe EPNM –6 418 –8 258 –13 012 –11 661 –19 004 –29 307 –33 634 –41 465 –50 117 –49 625 –59 094

AmericasArgentina QAOS 228 260 103 107 55 –109 –118 –87 –116 –134 –181Brazil QDLW 119 16 –171 –339 –471 –485 –652 –756 –904 –987 –959Canada QBRV –334 –372 –494 –522 –461 –456 –425 –854 –880 –1 060 –2 514Chile QANQ –163 –158 –213 –336 –332 –345 –291 –340 –328 –335 –313Colombia QANR –8 –24 –84 –130 –206 –129 –115 –159 –181 –165 –214Mexico QDLZ 57 150 182 62 1 199 197 218 192 303 213United States of America QBRP –3 476 –3 703 –320 860 –101 3 048 5 815 6 486 8 729 6 547 6 310Uruguay QAOJ 8 15 26 21 12 –17 –13 –9 –19 –22 –33Venezuela QAOK 56 127 61 15 154 123 30 –17 –152 –357 –235Other Central American Countries BOQS 78 73 51 –65 68 –76 –288 –481 –512 –525 –250Other BOQV 267 179 54 –269 –783 –443 –201 –307 –235 –213 –176

Total Americas EPNO –3 168 –3 437 –805 –596 –2 065 1 309 3 939 3 694 5 594 3 052 1 648

AsiaChina QDMC –1 457 –1 956 –2 173 –3 358 –4 032 –5 233 –6 418 –8 024 –10 151 –11 973 –14 855Hong Kong QDMF –931 –1 720 –2 597 –3 244 –3 071 –3 150 –3 019 –3 131 –3 515 –4 474 –4 220India QDMI 30 –140 24 407 –44 –49 191 –53 17 –428 –854Indonesia QDML –188 –485 –546 –677 –815 –682 –423 –521 –473 –647 –642Iran QAOT 351 288 204 262 406 364 442 401 418 353 324Israel QDMO 339 204 299 491 418 548 498 466 350 343 204Japan QBRR –4 851 –5 997 –5 818 –6 542 –5 407 –4 496 –4 375 –4 246 –4 769 –3 748 –4 027Malaysia QDMR –725 –1 215 –1 027 –1 381 –910 –854 –839 –1 031 –725 –1 018 –712Pakistan QDMU –91 –112 –97 –156 –192 –232 –228 –211 –26 –23 –94Philippines QDMX –125 –554 –744 –882 –763 –592 –336 –340 –433 –500 –463Saudi Arabia QDNA 2 815 1 814 698 580 592 711 1 104 453 –155 412 1 019Singapore QDND –538 –745 –751 –770 –475 –514 –1 090 –1 671 –1 750 –1 438 –1 791South Korea QDNG –925 –1 535 –1 835 –2 066 –1 494 –1 267 –1 095 –1 602 –1 386 –1 323 –1 165Taiwan QDNJ –1 194 –1 350 –1 761 –2 546 –1 909 –1 537 –1 301 –1 391 –1 287 –1 428 –1 461Thailand QDNM –303 –878 –828 –1 020 –1 013 –1 021 –1 074 –1 123 –1 081 –1 355 –1 399Residual Gulf Arabian Countries BORA 2 393 1 793 1 425 1 477 1 611 1 395 1 837 2 302 4 939 2 876 2 376Other Near & Middle Eastern Countries QARL 411 385 271 275 348 310 455 664 511 207 374Other BORE 48 –346 –625 –952 –1 101 –1 209 –1 384 –1 631 –1 497 –1 802 –1 190

Total Asia EPNP –4 941 –12 549 –15 881 –20 102 –17 852 –17 509 –17 055 –20 689 –21 013 –25 966 –28 576

Australasia & OceaniaAustralia QDNP 1 134 825 817 1 156 522 426 500 587 480 381 369New Zealand QDNS –146 –181 –241 –239 –233 –211 –204 –166 –177 –227 –304Other HFKK –80 –82 –84 –81 –52 –41 –61 –87 –49 –50 –42

Total Australasia & Oceania EPNQ 908 562 492 836 237 174 235 334 254 104 23

AfricaEgypt QDNV 245 228 284 87 46 47 26 172 194 –85 144Morocco QAOU 25 –1 –24 –47 –71 –107 –85 –170 –159 –67 –140South Africa QDNY 323 169 –355 –1 140 –1 307 –1 088 –1 183 –1 398 –1 864 –1 720 –828Other North Africa BORX 128 160 53 –280 –70 –110 19 –196 –451 –1 123 –1 208Other BOQK 556 1 313 197 –73 –1 127 –1 114 –869 –1 182 –1 027 –881 –1 221

Total Africa EPNN 1 277 1 869 155 –1 453 –2 529 –2 373 –2 092 –2 774 –3 307 –3 876 –3 253

International Organisations EPNR – – – – – – – – – – –

World total LQCT –12 342 –21 813 –29 051 –32 976 –41 212 –47 705 –48 607 –60 900 –68 589 –76 313 –89 252


9.4 Trade in goods


147


148

9.5 Trade in services£ million

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007Exports


Austria FYVC 319 351 399 405 409 426 424 436 521 546 607Belgium and Luxembourg FYVD 1 838 2 022 2 400 2 477 2 494 2 819 3 213 3 837 3 669 3 673 4 355

of which Belgium A7RX .. .. 1 993 2 088 2 051 2 383 2 559 2 930 2 816 2 547 2 831Luxembourg A7S2 .. .. 407 389 443 436 654 907 853 1 126 1 524

Bulgaria ZWKO 20 14 41 42 35 75 67 78 94 117 163Cyprus1 A7RY .. .. 134 149 135 219 235 331 312 353 501Czech Republic FYVW 125 199 153 168 185 181 244 328 335 346 503Denmark FYVE 892 1 042 985 1 180 1 390 1 374 1 528 1 605 1 541 2 313 2 371Estonia ZWKU 15 5 14 12 14 21 22 29 37 57 36Finland FYVF 554 537 661 955 879 832 878 952 858 1 060 1 171France FYVG 3 740 4 263 4 872 5 443 6 078 6 021 6 260 6 607 6 464 7 204 8 023Germany FYVH 5 077 5 386 5 758 6 682 7 193 7 497 7 860 8 197 9 151 9 758 10 304Greece FYVI 663 699 817 836 809 765 790 744 927 769 907Hungary GYWV 110 95 138 206 205 218 226 371 558 414 494Ireland FYVJ 2 392 2 575 2 585 2 851 3 658 4 288 5 316 5 611 6 565 6 828 7 185Italy FYVK 2 214 2 430 2 813 2 693 2 901 3 018 3 029 3 424 3 702 3 656 4 108Latvia ZWLC 27 16 24 30 33 38 29 49 92 68 90Lithuania ZWLB 19 7 15 17 46 32 43 55 112 102 120Malta1 A7S3 .. .. 66 57 52 61 73 77 71 86 125Netherlands FYVL 3 028 3 264 4 165 4 557 4 914 4 709 5 410 6 661 6 914 7 591 8 260Poland FYVX 245 287 272 286 337 392 411 506 798 987 964Portugal FYVM 343 456 584 436 485 530 544 679 629 563 655Romania ZWLE 32 29 44 44 73 76 97 137 127 162 243Slovak Republic ZWLG 30 24 31 39 43 30 36 46 99 112 141Slovenia ZWLF 22 6 26 28 38 48 43 52 63 70 62Spain FYVN 1 459 1 796 2 116 2 256 2 252 2 612 2 878 2 946 3 747 4 425 5 101Sweden FYVO 1 194 1 375 1 438 1 618 1 636 1 477 1 700 1 701 1 755 1 964 2 323European Central Bank KNWZ – – – 3 12 3 – – – – –EU Institutions FYVP 248 228 232 248 544 544 515 578 600 604 624

Total EU27 GC8R .. .. 30 783 33 718 36 850 38 306 41 871 46 037 49 741 53 828 59 436

European Free Trade Association (EFTA)Iceland FYVR 55 48 30 73 63 64 72 89 134 186 174Liechtenstein FYVS 13 22 34 37 30 43 40 53 39 42 103Norway FYVT 983 1 216 1 137 1 031 976 1 449 1 328 1 514 1 811 1 926 2 531Switzerland FYVU 2 368 2 488 2 697 2 784 3 488 3 967 4 629 4 325 4 856 5 588 6 450Total EFTA FYVV 3 419 3 774 3 898 3 925 4 557 5 523 6 069 5 981 6 840 7 742 9 258

Other EuropeAlbania ZWKM – – 3 2 5 6 6 22 8 13 11Belarus ZWKP 7 1 3 27 3 4 4 6 7 9 14Croatia ZWKZ 19 12 38 38 34 55 51 43 45 98 98Russia FYVY 371 444 297 415 470 581 733 903 1 123 1 655 2 092Turkey FYVZ 342 338 401 351 398 372 403 367 512 535 719Ukraine ZWLH 38 65 23 43 29 302 126 56 97 147 199Serbia and Montenegro ZWLK 39 20 39 103 41 28 40 21 34 42 61Other1 ZWKJ 1 887 1 114 1 215 1 242 1 160 1 505 2 037 2 252 2 750 3 110 3 349

Total Europe FYWB 30 728 32 874 36 700 39 864 43 547 46 682 51 340 55 688 61 157 67 179 75 237

AmericasArgentina ZWKN 120 212 167 186 195 83 83 143 101 103 127Brazil FYWC 310 427 378 350 392 321 335 312 372 484 438Canada FYWD 1 185 1 413 1 397 1 397 1 639 1 543 1 595 1 782 1 756 2 019 2 473Chile ZWKQ 57 125 106 96 103 87 79 84 90 122 172Colombia ZWKR 60 67 48 56 140 86 97 90 68 69 70Mexico FYWE 173 165 221 267 288 265 272 356 308 387 338United States of America FYWF 15 231 15 707 17 889 19 274 19 211 22 690 23 977 25 790 24 529 28 801 32 082Uruguay ZWLI 9 11 9 7 5 5 60 10 13 16 17Venezuela ZWLJ 48 72 68 83 110 99 102 98 98 68 55Other Central American Countries ZWKT 1 177 1 480 1 209 1 419 1 604 2 209 2 385 2 998 3 485 3 581 3 766Other ZWKW 267 249 235 220 219 151 160 147 192 221 297

Total Americas FYWH 18 637 19 928 21 727 23 355 23 906 27 539 29 145 31 810 31 012 35 871 39 835

AsiaChina FYWI 232 303 456 449 591 724 889 1 279 1 392 1 411 1 398Hong Kong FYWJ 968 987 1 069 1 041 1 094 1 006 1 195 1 125 1 346 1 275 1 623India FYWK 586 488 521 553 675 635 722 1 000 1 161 1 621 1 703Indonesia FYWL 228 199 165 192 205 174 165 191 189 284 245Iran ZWLA 73 93 99 124 169 185 225 241 215 209 158Israel FYWM 377 309 527 445 511 429 370 407 557 447 475Japan FYWN 2 714 2 749 3 226 3 469 3 558 3 844 3 905 4 219 4 300 4 274 4 517Malaysia FYWO 509 544 394 390 376 404 423 551 464 490 443Pakistan FYWP 306 243 296 176 278 173 183 232 430 349 310Philippines FYWQ 135 93 126 183 178 105 141 127 139 99 112Saudi Arabia FYWR 1 772 1 935 2 161 2 369 2 147 1 973 2 320 2 246 2 219 2 701 3 020Singapore FYWS 581 584 1 160 1 086 1 294 1 166 1 653 2 147 2 640 2 870 3 314South Korea FYWT 494 492 411 396 428 505 474 913 737 838 935Taiwan FYWU 273 235 251 281 295 370 382 515 583 571 627Thailand FYWV 279 231 207 194 219 207 334 319 258 286 304Residual Gulf Arabian Countries ZWKX 867 1 012 1 034 1 103 1 114 1 332 1 335 1 761 1 988 2 274 2 737Other Near & Middle Eastern Countries ZWKY 153 178 206 231 339 268 261 341 447 423 413Other Asian Countries ZWKK 1 137 1 013 658 810 884 727 798 960 1 107 1 405 1 422

Total Asia FYWX 11 684 11 688 12 967 13 492 14 355 14 227 15 775 18 574 20 172 21 827 23 756

Australasia & OceaniaAustralia FYWY 1 529 1 456 1 608 1 588 1 964 1 826 2 023 2 297 2 713 2 778 3 205New Zealand FYWZ 280 321 354 301 301 275 302 382 413 378 418Other FYXA 61 47 61 84 95 97 115 132 65 108 96

Total Australasia & Oceania FYXB 1 870 1 824 2 023 1 973 2 360 2 198 2 440 2 811 3 191 3 264 3 719

AfricaEgypt ZWKV 119 104 283 280 340 226 239 324 374 453 618Morocco ZWLD 29 57 47 61 82 50 48 62 46 85 72South Africa FYXC 839 934 1 125 976 1 129 1 009 1 090 1 084 1 136 1 337 1 425Other North Africa ZWKS 254 292 118 265 219 222 287 283 374 399 447Other ZWKL 1 312 1 480 1 495 1 566 1 771 1 774 1 920 1 830 1 898 2 292 2 482

Total Africa FYXE 2 553 2 867 3 068 3 148 3 541 3 281 3 584 3 583 3 828 4 566 5 044

International Organisations FYXF 83 47 40 51 64 85 73 52 60 42 43

World total KTMQ 65 555 69 228 76 525 81 883 87 773 94 012 102 357 112 518 119 420 132 749 147 634



149

9.5 Trade in servicescontinued £ million

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007Imports


Austria GGOR 349 461 456 477 506 688 660 753 866 887 812Belgium and Luxembourg GGOS 1 348 1 450 1 723 1 675 1 800 2 036 2 206 2 353 2 460 2 659 2 770

of which Belgium A8ET .. .. 1 499 1 492 1 616 1 824 1 958 1 996 2 156 2 133 2 285Luxembourg A8EW .. .. 224 183 184 212 248 357 304 526 485

Bulgaria ZWMU 34 29 36 38 52 96 104 174 254 240 334Cyprus1 A8EU .. .. 766 885 1 059 977 1 088 1 081 1 206 1 182 1 139Czech Republic GGPL 105 146 146 168 199 250 337 426 468 536 482Denmark GGOT 506 511 639 674 655 746 783 844 927 1 016 996Estonia ZWNA 2 5 6 33 27 18 35 47 53 67 55Finland GGOU 187 219 305 404 360 282 314 284 353 363 415France GGOV 4 768 5 744 6 687 7 531 7 528 7 841 8 262 8 507 8 966 9 619 9 850Germany GGOW 3 594 3 874 4 757 4 705 5 239 5 400 5 580 6 444 7 763 7 960 8 347Greece GGOX 945 1 051 1 426 1 617 1 886 1 907 1 979 1 966 1 999 2 008 2 251Hungary GYXH 72 82 89 95 126 129 151 187 274 340 362Ireland GGOY 1 687 1 798 2 172 2 261 2 337 2 316 2 577 3 074 3 462 3 505 3 927Italy GGOZ 1 993 2 362 2 655 2 856 3 002 3 138 3 429 3 544 4 280 4 144 4 645Latvia ZWNI 5 5 12 25 20 19 29 38 44 84 92Lithuania ZWNH 3 7 5 6 16 37 25 19 72 84 99Malta1 A8EX .. .. 196 223 256 238 279 318 343 294 310Netherlands GGPA 1 900 2 117 2 443 3 026 3 128 3 380 3 320 3 320 3 584 3 619 3 500Poland GGPM 129 144 175 184 200 187 224 298 556 957 1 203Portugal GGPB 830 828 1 005 1 021 1 116 1 208 1 367 1 394 1 436 1 429 1 695Romania ZWNK 25 22 51 64 77 84 91 130 167 167 172Slovak Republic ZWNM 10 32 28 30 14 27 22 33 67 94 95Slovenia ZWNL 12 12 14 29 17 23 24 34 48 53 43Spain GGPC 4 552 5 215 5 933 6 495 7 231 7 846 8 978 9 097 9 453 9 913 10 017Sweden GGPD 522 539 778 830 829 827 1 133 1 148 1 318 1 357 1 223European Central Bank KOFJ – – 1 1 1 1 – – – – –EU Institutions GGPE 1 10 6 3 5 14 17 4 4 2 –

Total EU27 GCV2 .. .. 32 510 35 356 37 686 39 715 43 014 45 517 50 423 52 579 54 834

European Free Trade Association (EFTA)Iceland GGPG 34 46 25 75 44 42 46 56 71 99 92Liechtenstein GGPH 1 33 7 6 7 1 11 4 4 6 23Norway GGPI 598 525 499 536 647 1 266 710 761 976 1 013 1 038Switzerland GGPJ 1 173 1 476 1 538 1 633 1 587 1 676 1 794 1 830 2 356 2 356 2 793

Total EFTA GGPK 1 806 2 080 2 069 2 250 2 285 2 985 2 561 2 651 3 407 3 474 3 946

Other EuropeAlbania ZWMS – 1 6 5 9 13 14 20 8 13 22Belarus ZWMV 1 5 1 2 4 3 4 1 8 19 21Croatia ZWNF 33 37 21 27 55 47 73 83 139 176 157Russia GGPN 159 182 137 188 218 296 303 500 548 726 864Turkey GGPO 579 562 524 521 569 704 788 812 1 038 1 094 1 170Ukraine ZWNN 14 14 9 14 33 25 23 43 95 76 195Serbia and Montenegro ZWNQ 14 11 31 22 38 33 41 38 43 74 72Other1 ZWMP 1 874 1 836 716 1 112 996 1 154 1 095 991 1 030 1 292 1 374

Total Europe GGPQ 28 059 31 391 36 024 39 497 41 893 44 975 47 916 50 656 56 739 59 523 62 655

AmericasArgentina ZWMT 37 70 75 75 74 55 48 69 87 116 90Brazil GGPR 117 140 156 174 231 251 176 217 262 263 282Canada GGPS 796 871 976 1 105 1 192 1 090 1 002 1 049 1 164 1 348 1 397Chile ZWMW 20 43 42 35 48 48 43 72 81 39 69Colombia ZWMX 23 60 35 39 31 35 32 23 40 47 37Mexico GGPT 149 188 225 283 398 336 312 366 299 275 361United States of America GGPU 10 258 11 587 12 753 13 205 13 503 13 403 14 862 15 327 16 328 16 762 18 440Uruguay ZWNO 2 6 4 6 9 23 4 5 7 13 6Venezuela ZWNP 24 40 46 46 42 35 34 26 34 30 38Other Central American Countries ZWMZ 853 1 046 991 1 473 1 406 1 312 1 414 1 883 1 772 2 672 2 642Other ZWNC 210 165 215 256 148 124 130 110 170 125 163

Total Americas GGPW 12 489 14 216 15 518 16 697 17 082 16 712 18 057 19 147 20 244 21 690 23 525

AsiaChina GGPX 165 219 266 292 375 496 463 556 696 811 1 001Hong Kong GGPY 595 515 620 571 606 624 715 716 759 844 1 181India GGPZ 492 554 673 664 817 816 818 1 100 1 319 1 609 1 806Indonesia GGQA 127 104 150 125 121 136 297 100 98 138 125Iran ZWNG 17 25 21 43 37 29 45 61 42 61 40Israel GGQB 188 207 215 266 314 202 213 233 249 297 305Japan GGQC 1 159 1 244 1 302 1 664 1 816 1 449 1 739 1 702 2 258 2 748 3 020Malaysia GGQD 244 253 186 227 191 193 170 209 272 253 231Pakistan GGQE 192 194 288 300 280 398 386 431 472 486 413Philippines GGQF 63 64 88 206 82 100 155 109 143 173 156Saudi Arabia GGQG 456 451 526 553 643 1 302 1 064 688 570 670 693Singapore GGQH 352 322 361 336 395 428 425 661 730 866 910South Korea GGQI 144 129 135 141 179 185 186 246 254 252 314Taiwan GGQJ 101 110 119 157 149 183 180 202 312 220 307Thailand GGQK 236 308 307 385 458 521 513 641 612 686 691Residual Gulf Arabian Countries ZWND 250 386 434 414 551 611 761 926 1 017 1 258 1 494Other Near & Middle Eastern Countries ZWNE 73 78 84 125 155 151 151 207 199 222 170Other ZWMQ 632 535 479 631 535 557 645 897 846 1 025 858

Total Asia GGQM 5 486 5 698 6 254 7 100 7 704 8 381 8 926 9 685 10 848 12 619 13 715

Australasia & OceaniaAustralia GGQN 891 964 1 046 1 191 1 251 1 430 1 476 1 391 1 869 1 809 1 780New Zealand GGQO 233 227 249 264 287 337 347 434 501 440 446Other GGQP 35 26 29 25 20 33 28 54 48 77 47Total Australasia & Oceania GGQQ 1 159 1 217 1 324 1 480 1 558 1 800 1 851 1 879 2 418 2 326 2 273

AfricaEgypt ZWNB 130 117 229 290 367 313 350 345 538 604 594Morocco ZWNJ 93 119 137 114 147 141 141 149 175 239 382South Africa GGQR 419 487 480 528 598 684 921 910 1 019 1 025 935Other North Africa ZWMY 227 332 218 323 349 263 266 331 348 285 410Other ZWMR 625 582 723 772 813 1 071 1 288 1 233 1 173 1 273 1 316

Total Africa GGQT 1 494 1 637 1 787 2 027 2 274 2 472 2 966 2 968 3 253 3 426 3 637

International Organisations GGQU 67 66 56 80 62 40 29 37 43 57 57

World total KTMR 48 754 54 225 60 963 66 881 70 573 74 380 79 745 84 372 93 545 99 641 105 862



150

9.5 Trade in servicescontinued £ million

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007Balances


Austria GGQW –30 –110 –57 –72 –97 –262 –236 –317 –345 –341 –205Belgium and Luxembourg GGQX 490 572 677 802 694 783 1 007 1 484 1 209 1 014 1 585

of which Belgium A8HH .. .. 494 596 435 559 601 934 660 414 546Luxembourg A8HK .. .. 183 206 259 224 406 550 549 600 1 039

Bulgaria ZWTO –14 –15 5 4 –17 –21 –37 –96 –160 –123 –171Cyprus1 A8HI .. .. –632 –736 –924 –758 –853 –750 –894 –829 –638Czech Republic GGRQ 20 53 7 – –14 –69 –93 –98 –133 –190 21Denmark GGQY 386 531 346 506 735 628 745 761 614 1 297 1 375Estonia ZWTU 13 – 8 –21 –13 3 –13 –18 –16 –10 –19Finland GGQZ 367 318 356 551 519 550 564 668 505 697 756France GGRA –1 028 –1 481 –1 815 –2 088 –1 450 –1 820 –2 002 –1 900 –2 502 –2 415 –1 827Germany GGRB 1 483 1 512 1 001 1 977 1 954 2 097 2 280 1 753 1 388 1 798 1 957Greece GGRC –282 –352 –609 –781 –1 077 –1 142 –1 189 –1 222 –1 072 –1 239 –1 344Hungary GYXT 38 13 49 111 79 89 75 184 284 74 132Ireland GGRD 705 777 413 590 1 321 1 972 2 739 2 537 3 103 3 323 3 258Italy GGRE 221 68 158 –163 –101 –120 –400 –120 –578 –488 –537Latvia ZWUC 22 11 12 5 13 19 – 11 48 –16 –2Lithuania ZWUB 16 – 10 11 30 –5 18 36 40 18 21Malta1 A8HL .. .. –130 –166 –204 –177 –206 –241 –272 –208 –185Netherlands GGRF 1 128 1 147 1 722 1 531 1 786 1 329 2 090 3 341 3 330 3 972 4 760Poland GGRR 116 143 97 102 137 205 187 208 242 30 –239Portugal GGRG –487 –372 –421 –585 –631 –678 –823 –715 –807 –866 –1 040Romania ZWUE 7 7 –7 –20 –4 –8 6 7 –40 –5 71Slovak Republic ZWUG 20 –8 3 9 29 3 14 13 32 18 46Slovenia ZWUF 10 –6 12 –1 21 25 19 18 15 17 19Spain GGRH –3 093 –3 419 –3 817 –4 239 –4 979 –5 234 –6 100 –6 151 –5 706 –5 488 –4 916Sweden GGRI 672 836 660 788 807 650 567 553 437 607 1 100European Central Bank ZWTI – – –1 2 11 2 – – – – –EU Institutions GGRJ 247 218 226 245 539 530 498 574 596 602 624

Total EU27 GD6R .. .. –1 727 –1 638 –836 –1 409 –1 143 520 –682 1 249 4 602

European Free Trade Association (EFTA)Iceland GGRL 21 2 5 –2 19 22 26 33 63 87 82Liechtenstein GGRM 12 –11 27 31 23 42 29 49 35 36 80Norway GGRN 385 691 638 495 329 183 618 753 835 913 1 493Switzerland GGRO 1 195 1 012 1 159 1 151 1 901 2 291 2 835 2 495 2 500 3 232 3 657

Total EFTA GGRP 1 613 1 694 1 829 1 675 2 272 2 538 3 508 3 330 3 433 4 268 5 312

Other EuropeAlbania ZWTM – –1 –3 –3 –4 –7 –8 2 – – –11Belarus ZWTP 6 –4 2 25 –1 1 – 5 –1 –10 –7Croatia ZWTZ –14 –25 17 11 –21 8 –22 –40 –94 –78 –59Russia GGRS 212 262 160 227 252 285 430 403 575 929 1 228Turkey GGRT –237 –224 –123 –170 –171 –332 –385 –445 –526 –559 –451Ukraine ZWUH 24 51 14 29 –4 277 103 13 2 71 4Serbia and Montenegro ZWUK 25 9 8 81 3 –5 –1 –17 –9 –32 –11Other1 ZWTJ 13 –722 499 130 164 351 942 1 261 1 720 1 818 1 975

Total Europe GGRV 2 669 1 483 676 367 1 654 1 707 3 424 5 032 4 418 7 656 12 582

AmericasArgentina ZWTN 83 142 92 111 121 28 35 74 14 –13 37Brazil GGRW 193 287 222 176 161 70 159 95 110 221 156Canada GGRX 389 542 421 292 447 453 593 733 592 671 1 076Chile ZWTQ 37 82 64 61 55 39 36 12 9 83 103Colombia ZWTR 37 7 13 17 109 51 65 67 28 22 33Mexico GGRY 24 –23 –4 –16 –110 –71 –40 –10 9 112 –23United States of America GGRZ 4 973 4 120 5 136 6 069 5 708 9 287 9 115 10 463 8 201 12 039 13 642Uruguay ZWUI 7 5 5 1 –4 –18 56 5 6 3 11Venezuela ZWUJ 24 32 22 37 68 64 68 72 64 38 17Other Central American Countries ZWTT 324 434 218 –54 198 897 971 1 115 1 713 909 1 124Other ZWTW 57 84 20 –36 71 27 30 37 22 96 134

Total Americas GGSB 6 148 5 712 6 209 6 658 6 824 10 827 11 088 12 663 10 768 14 181 16 310

AsiaChina GGSC 67 84 190 157 216 228 426 723 696 600 397Hong Kong GGSD 373 472 449 470 488 382 480 409 587 431 442India GGSE 94 –66 –152 –111 –142 –181 –96 –100 –158 12 –103Indonesia GGSF 101 95 15 67 84 38 –132 91 91 146 120Iran ZWUA 56 68 78 81 132 156 180 180 173 148 118Israel GGSG 189 102 312 179 197 227 157 174 308 150 170Japan GGSH 1 555 1 505 1 924 1 805 1 742 2 395 2 166 2 517 2 042 1 526 1 497Malaysia GGSI 265 291 208 163 185 211 253 342 192 237 212Pakistan GGSJ 114 49 8 –124 –2 –225 –203 –199 –42 –137 –103Philippines GGSK 72 29 38 –23 96 5 –14 18 –4 –74 –44Saudi Arabia GGSL 1 316 1 484 1 635 1 816 1 504 671 1 256 1 558 1 649 2 031 2 327Singapore GGSM 229 262 799 750 899 738 1 228 1 486 1 910 2 004 2 404South Korea GGSN 350 363 276 255 249 320 288 667 483 586 621Taiwan GGSO 172 125 132 124 146 187 202 313 271 351 320Thailand GGSP 43 –77 –100 –191 –239 –314 –179 –322 –354 –400 –387Residual Gulf Arabian Countries ZWTX 617 626 600 689 563 721 574 835 971 1 016 1 243Other Near & Middle Eastern Countries ZWTY 80 100 122 106 184 117 110 134 248 201 243Other ZWTK 505 478 179 179 349 170 153 63 261 380 564

Total Asia GGSR 6 198 5 990 6 713 6 392 6 651 5 846 6 849 8 889 9 324 9 208 10 041

Australasia & OceaniaAustralia GGSS 638 492 562 397 713 396 547 906 844 969 1 425New Zealand GGST 47 94 105 37 14 –62 –45 –52 –88 –62 –28Other GGSU 26 21 32 59 75 64 87 78 17 31 49

Total Australasia & Oceania GGSV 711 607 699 493 802 398 589 932 773 938 1 446

AfricaEgypt ZWTV –11 –13 54 –10 –27 –87 –111 –21 –164 –151 24Morocco ZWUD –64 –62 –90 –53 –65 –91 –93 –87 –129 –154 –310South Africa GGSW 420 447 645 448 531 325 169 174 117 312 490Other North Africa ZWTS 27 –40 –100 –58 –130 –41 21 –48 26 114 37Other ZWTL 687 898 772 794 958 703 632 597 725 1 019 1 166

Total Africa GGSY 1 059 1 230 1 281 1 121 1 267 809 618 615 575 1 140 1 407

International Organisations GGSZ 16 –19 –16 –29 2 45 44 15 17 –15 –14

World total KTMS 16 801 15 003 15 562 15 002 17 200 19 632 22 612 28 146 25 875 33 108 41 772



151


152

£ million

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007Credits


Austria CUGY 534 621 577 742 683 685 746 816 901 879 1 220Belgium and Luxembourg CTFK 3 508 3 820 3 542 6 066 6 647 5 529 4 766 6 516 9 883 14 402 18 251

of which Belgium AA2K .. .. 1 611 2 342 2 753 2 208 1 930 2 615 3 628 4 466 6 478Luxembourg AA2O .. .. 1 931 3 724 3 894 3 321 2 836 3 901 6 255 9 936 11 773

Bulgaria ZWYR 41 21 48 37 93 72 74 89 26 41 25Cyprus1 AA2L .. .. 105 153 163 137 56 70 115 323 282Czech Republic LEPT 130 113 125 125 198 152 195 208 156 47 231Denmark LEQU 722 1 064 943 1 101 979 521 705 883 1 431 1 712 2 050Estonia ZWYT 13 13 5 2 8 6 8 6 14 11 10Finland LEUG 518 464 411 585 648 587 517 524 573 587 1 003France LEUP 5 236 5 901 6 139 7 535 8 680 6 948 6 954 8 148 11 169 14 644 20 882Germany LEQL 7 756 8 024 8 383 10 136 11 065 9 504 8 330 9 490 11 744 13 652 16 914Greece LEUY 1 069 655 834 1 002 871 707 817 782 837 960 1 272Hungary BFKR 218 175 248 448 321 352 334 374 418 189 253Ireland BFLY 2 389 2 698 2 965 3 824 4 710 3 918 4 884 6 141 7 789 10 446 14 786Italy BFOG 4 911 6 890 5 165 6 426 6 347 4 791 4 900 4 638 5 054 5 714 6 884Latvia ZWYU 1 8 – 2 – – – – 1 13 31Lithuania ZWYV 8 4 4 9 7 4 4 1 7 10 14Malta1 AA2P .. .. 39 51 55 48 53 488 44 64 –375Netherlands BFQI 8 679 8 904 9 280 12 814 16 586 15 722 15 205 9 774 11 427 16 104 19 229Poland BFSB 119 91 108 144 329 335 400 437 439 541 666Portugal BFSK 391 466 471 664 808 776 807 802 965 1 028 1 051Romania ZWYW 25 22 42 20 78 65 96 117 70 109 167Slovak Republic ZWYX 69 37 38 51 29 31 28 30 51 54 57Slovenia ZWYY 8 22 56 48 101 68 89 96 37 27 36Spain LESW 2 444 2 402 2 100 2 564 2 403 2 052 2 314 3 624 4 947 6 507 8 118Sweden BFTL 1 424 1 449 1 554 2 108 2 307 2 121 1 767 2 286 2 674 3 116 3 577European Central Bank ZWYO – – – – – – – – – – –EU Institutions CSFK 163 280 224 370 468 657 747 514 518 528 558

Total EU27 GNF6 .. .. 43 406 57 027 64 584 55 788 54 796 56 854 71 290 91 708 117 192

European Free Trade Association (EFTA)Iceland BFNQ 20 32 32 35 38 33 27 55 121 221 995Liechtenstein BFPH 52 34 39 45 39 21 20 23 19 32 40Norway BFQR 605 632 727 1 022 1 017 687 796 829 1 951 1 959 2 734Switzerland LEPB 3 406 3 379 4 395 7 274 5 326 4 504 4 505 4 903 6 109 8 880 12 699

Total EFTA CTFT 4 083 4 077 5 193 8 376 6 420 5 245 5 348 5 810 8 200 11 092 16 468

Other EuropeAlbania ZWYP – – – – – – – – – – 2Belarus ZWYQ – – – – – 7 – – 4 3 7Croatia ZWYS 14 9 13 15 26 29 43 48 74 60 35Russia BFST 234 269 193 285 537 661 563 1 267 2 335 2 999 2 670Turkey BFUM 190 268 344 493 408 318 365 377 519 881 1 201Ukraine ZWYZ – 16 3 – 3 18 21 34 117 419 287Serbia and Montenegro BFWF 49 – 1 1 1 1 1 –2 14 34 13Other1 LEVZ 2 616 3 146 2 792 3 540 3 085 3 038 4 240 5 913 7 125 9 300 11 323

Total Europe LERD 47 562 51 929 51 945 69 737 75 064 65 105 65 377 70 301 89 678 116 496 149 198

AmericasArgentina ZWZB 484 410 247 487 365 107 190 258 288 573 470Brazil LENR 790 776 309 524 586 620 429 700 1 071 1 016 1 200Canada LEOS 1 825 2 093 1 867 2 248 2 334 1 722 2 007 2 236 3 201 4 330 5 178Chile ZWZC 283 190 166 259 196 240 310 839 1 203 836 911Colombia ZWZD 92 41 100 320 224 235 261 395 449 322 254Mexico BFPQ 535 404 540 457 312 629 416 729 823 934 931United States of America BFVE 20 232 24 503 23 744 29 284 31 117 26 524 27 662 30 170 44 946 59 483 65 622Uruguay ZWZE 29 23 7 16 13 20 9 –1 12 31 21Venezuela ZWZF 149 –48 –14 –88 176 185 89 266 392 351 165Other Central American Countries JISP 1 150 4 331 4 106 5 465 5 886 5 791 5 962 6 513 10 364 15 226 17 893Other LEVH 960 67 41 90 12 65 67 456 –62 –8 123

Total Americas LESN 26 529 32 790 31 113 39 062 41 221 36 138 37 402 42 561 62 687 83 094 92 768

AsiaChina LEPK 217 206 265 308 551 433 438 624 865 858 1 004Hong Kong BFJU 2 589 2 065 1 756 1 659 1 418 1 343 1 777 3 209 4 201 5 214 5 666India BFNB 284 411 385 490 494 635 660 596 822 1 326 1 403Indonesia BFLP 303 238 159 149 215 192 227 195 273 497 217Iran ZWZG 64 36 38 50 42 37 43 56 149 168 124Israel BFMS 59 42 56 52 63 46 77 57 103 152 195Japan BFOP 6 900 6 812 7 291 9 008 7 535 4 890 5 256 5 116 6 914 8 685 9 154Malaysia BFPZ 481 356 423 497 404 585 617 703 789 744 835Pakistan BFRS 123 93 72 131 136 187 181 245 289 418 236Philippines BFRJ 103 136 100 179 150 134 161 178 204 296 419Saudi Arabia BFTC 144 195 227 292 260 223 193 238 386 461 641Singapore BFTU 2 661 1 797 1 482 2 745 2 447 1 836 1 551 2 126 3 403 3 675 4 254South Korea BFOY 564 363 306 423 501 688 650 791 1 201 1 373 1 500Taiwan BFUV 172 174 194 262 293 343 328 542 666 655 729Thailand BFUD 221 70 112 223 249 236 228 232 300 –14 303Residual Gulf Arabian Countries JITQ 493 1 454 1 087 1 509 1 139 764 686 814 1 278 1 765 2 069Other Near & Middle Eastern Countries ZWZH 158 85 67 189 197 104 97 165 399 730 1 542Other LEWI 415 71 123 305 236 502 202 301 171 988 1 309

Total Asia LETF 15 951 14 604 14 143 18 471 16 330 13 178 13 372 16 188 22 413 27 991 31 600

Australasia & OceaniaAustralia CXAT 2 075 1 724 1 974 2 516 2 452 2 791 2 579 3 981 4 368 5 169 5 836New Zealand BFRA 390 276 391 327 436 560 585 390 482 544 513Other LEVQ 164 381 33 21 8 33 30 36 35 60 77

Total Australasia & Oceania LETX 2 629 2 381 2 398 2 864 2 896 3 384 3 194 4 407 4 885 5 773 6 426

AfricaEgypt ZWZJ 79 –81 37 264 259 323 239 197 334 449 557Morocco ZWZK 23 15 26 29 30 40 17 8 24 32 33South Africa BFWX 761 748 990 1 203 1 334 2 035 1 937 2 998 4 204 2 230 2 557Other North Africa JIRR 87 98 58 100 128 –32 122 80 –3 358 –991 245Other LEWR 553 547 599 754 758 1 018 1 059 1 126 5 348 2 851 1 704

Total Africa LERV 1 503 1 327 1 710 2 350 2 509 3 384 3 374 4 409 6 552 4 571 5 096

International Organisations CTFB 193 360 384 450 514 475 466 447 524 581 657

World total HMBQ 94 367 103 391 101 693 132 934 138 534 121 664 123 185 138 313 186 739 238 506 285 745


9.6 Income


153


1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007Debits


Austria CUGZ 882 535 422 591 696 694 632 608 759 1 080 1 204Belgium and Luxembourg CTFL 3 820 4 416 4 202 4 755 4 945 4 560 4 803 5 680 6 981 9 124 11 895

of which Belgium AA2W .. .. 1 750 2 081 1 980 1 933 1 869 2 065 2 878 3 556 4 669Luxembourg AA32 .. .. 2 452 2 674 2 965 2 627 2 934 3 615 4 103 5 568 7 226

Bulgaria ZWZP 96 93 53 54 27 25 11 11 33 65 88Cyprus1 AA2X .. .. 106 159 165 132 111 138 197 298 345Czech Republic LEPU 177 104 92 129 113 81 81 80 98 161 176Denmark LEQV 1 034 920 852 1 099 922 862 989 1 093 1 370 1 345 1 542Estonia ZWZR 59 59 42 31 11 2 2 2 4 6 14Finland LEUH 569 320 296 378 371 264 320 295 493 563 744France LEUQ 5 716 5 960 7 283 7 665 7 059 5 509 7 797 9 833 12 722 15 499 18 541Germany LEQM 8 761 7 795 7 997 11 486 8 441 6 364 10 235 11 466 15 818 19 112 24 998Greece LEUZ 860 692 719 894 712 496 485 584 1 010 1 543 2 127Hungary BFKS 101 90 82 74 39 45 22 21 35 47 107Ireland BFLZ 2 541 2 543 2 154 2 978 4 029 4 643 4 965 6 014 8 840 11 257 14 399Italy BFOH 3 775 3 423 2 873 2 905 3 034 1 794 2 214 2 373 2 772 3 112 3 889Latvia ZWZS 67 63 44 33 11 10 4 8 22 26 23Lithuania ZWZT 66 62 44 35 12 2 1 2 17 23 43Malta1 AA33 .. .. 50 46 44 43 31 33 39 75 178Netherlands BFQJ 4 360 4 119 6 416 12 182 11 996 6 738 7 117 7 904 8 956 17 118 22 301Poland BFSC 266 190 153 187 176 117 107 155 350 471 539Portugal BFSL 398 260 219 246 300 279 354 384 432 613 794Romania ZWZU 124 78 52 50 25 32 13 20 38 54 63Slovak Republic ZWZV 79 78 58 43 17 9 7 20 56 70 101Slovenia ZWZW 56 83 60 46 35 38 28 27 24 20 32Spain LESX 1 754 1 925 1 375 1 259 1 507 1 316 1 776 1 658 3 866 5 490 5 265Sweden BFTM 1 230 1 169 1 459 1 420 1 369 1 347 1 011 985 1 280 1 814 2 145European Central Bank ZWZM – – – – – – – – – – –EU Institutions CSFL 745 878 1 225 1 489 1 763 1 678 1 495 1 601 1 926 2 338 2 728

Total EU27 G97L .. .. 38 328 50 234 47 819 37 080 44 611 50 995 68 138 91 324 114 281

European Free Trade Association (EFTA)Iceland BFNR 5 8 10 9 8 10 21 54 101 304 353Liechtenstein BFPI 125 106 83 116 92 50 57 52 75 102 142Norway BFQS 687 63 122 599 634 642 698 732 1 305 2 041 2 826Switzerland LEPC 7 066 6 031 7 841 11 551 9 842 6 624 6 058 5 837 8 522 11 192 12 299

Total EFTA CTFU 7 883 6 208 8 056 12 275 10 576 7 326 6 834 6 675 10 003 13 639 15 620

Other EuropeAlbania ZWZN 59 112 39 28 10 –1 – – – 3 4Belarus ZWZO 56 70 42 29 9 –1 1 2 7 10 17Croatia ZWZQ 56 188 58 59 46 32 27 23 44 60 88Russia BFSU 196 20 146 433 397 293 308 398 1 185 2 450 2 854Turkey BFUN 184 156 94 135 153 86 74 82 139 205 235Ukraine ZWZX 58 63 43 29 11 18 62 98 152 244 366Serbia and Montenegro BFWG 165 58 40 29 11 6 5 5 10 23 31Other1 LEWA 4 936 5 909 6 080 7 255 7 887 6 797 5 911 7 481 10 356 13 603 20 354

Total Europe LERE 51 129 48 639 52 926 70 506 66 919 51 636 57 833 65 759 90 034 121 561 153 850

AmericasArgentina ZWZZ 64 55 57 106 70 4 3 1 6 8 8Brazil LENS 290 244 130 154 148 70 82 73 147 156 152Canada LEOT 769 874 1 129 1 517 1 180 1 592 1 453 2 139 2 286 3 313 2 026Chile ZXAA 151 67 18 8 35 20 18 27 38 59 89Colombia ZXAB 81 38 22 38 43 18 9 5 16 37 47Mexico BFPR 119 152 163 239 260 69 60 60 104 127 121United States of America BFVF 20 313 20 263 24 241 27 660 31 683 29 836 30 618 34 641 44 590 62 522 72 222Uruguay ZXAC 30 –15 10 19 8 3 8 7 7 13 18Venezuela ZXAD 23 12 9 20 40 28 21 17 27 77 101Other Central American Countries JISQ 1 292 3 756 3 552 4 245 3 950 2 738 3 226 3 712 7 177 11 276 14 782Other LEVI 1 345 375 289 269 157 79 59 53 85 142 158

Total Americas LESO 24 477 25 821 29 620 34 275 37 574 34 457 35 557 40 735 54 483 77 730 89 724

AsiaChina LEPL 155 139 167 363 373 240 196 224 331 433 838Hong Kong BFJV 1 559 1 949 2 897 3 507 3 296 1 897 1 274 1 318 1 710 2 520 4 139India BFNC 370 343 327 369 362 246 268 370 673 1 093 1 046Indonesia BFLQ 96 39 54 85 114 73 54 53 64 75 59Iran ZXAE 133 91 96 230 279 101 90 87 133 197 182Israel BFMT 220 149 192 229 258 185 171 143 268 432 432Japan BFOQ 6 429 6 930 8 106 11 428 10 019 7 390 3 972 5 367 6 790 9 190 9 320Malaysia BFQA 430 192 254 347 277 129 80 117 182 454 540Pakistan BFRT 71 61 55 69 68 71 76 57 79 114 123Philippines BFRK 63 48 81 91 51 31 19 20 43 100 102Saudi Arabia BFTD 1 324 957 711 870 942 376 323 349 612 1 058 1 498Singapore BFTV 1 814 1 374 2 046 2 749 2 604 1 835 1 438 1 420 2 309 3 201 3 550South Korea BFOZ 202 189 97 160 204 111 27 –161 298 370 418Taiwan BFUW 158 104 116 140 189 101 113 159 254 326 483Thailand BFUE 140 81 83 147 196 85 69 67 113 204 232Residual Gulf Arabian Countries JITR 561 945 928 1 373 1 522 847 608 688 1 062 1 844 2 203Other Near & Middle Eastern Countries ZXAF 318 214 214 270 221 142 135 120 194 301 324Other LEWJ 944 307 401 392 334 270 116 129 311 390 427

Total Asia LETG 14 987 14 112 16 825 22 819 21 309 14 130 9 029 10 527 15 426 22 302 25 916

Australasia & OceaniaAustralia CXCM 1 297 1 200 1 172 750 577 961 1 275 1 340 1 843 2 110 2 539New Zealand BFRB 181 178 51 109 112 86 72 78 99 146 74Other LEVR 13 –38 5 28 62 43 30 27 4 342 200Total Australasia & Oceania LETY 1 491 1 340 1 228 887 751 1 090 1 377 1 445 1 946 2 598 2 813

AfricaEgypt ZXAH 582 324 275 325 278 164 128 137 264 359 338Morocco ZXAI 54 34 35 30 31 18 12 12 29 94 58South Africa BFWY 216 421 826 743 738 716 792 823 1 035 1 269 1 270Other North Africa JIRS 254 115 106 176 186 119 96 104 240 492 671Other LEWS 510 539 548 649 624 408 322 326 504 823 1 072

Total Africa LERW 1 616 1 433 1 790 1 923 1 857 1 425 1 350 1 402 2 072 3 037 3 409

International Organisations CTFC 343 243 347 562 699 640 516 615 906 1 181 1 427

World total HMBR 94 043 91 588 102 736 130 972 129 109 103 378 105 662 120 483 164 867 228 409 277 139


9.6 Income


154


1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007Balances


Austria CUHA –348 86 155 151 –13 –9 114 208 142 –201 16Belgium and Luxembourg CTFM –312 –596 –660 1 311 1 702 969 –37 836 2 902 5 278 6 356

of which Belgium AA3A .. .. –139 261 773 275 61 550 750 910 1 809Luxembourg AA3E .. .. –521 1 050 929 694 –98 286 2 152 4 368 4 547

Bulgaria ZXAN –55 –72 –5 –17 66 47 63 78 –7 –24 –63Cyprus1 AA3B .. .. –1 –6 –2 5 –55 –68 –82 25 –63Czech Republic LEPV –47 9 33 –4 85 71 114 128 58 –114 55Denmark LEQW –312 144 91 2 57 –341 –284 –210 61 367 508Estonia ZXAP –46 –46 –37 –29 –3 4 6 4 10 5 –4Finland LEUI –51 144 115 207 277 323 197 229 80 24 259France LEUR –480 –59 –1 144 –130 1 621 1 439 –843 –1 685 –1 553 –855 2 341Germany LEQN –1 005 229 386 –1 350 2 624 3 140 –1 905 –1 976 –4 074 –5 460 –8 084Greece LEVA 209 –37 115 108 159 211 332 198 –173 –583 –855Hungary BFKT 117 85 166 374 282 307 312 353 383 142 146Ireland BFML –152 155 811 846 681 –725 –81 127 –1 051 –811 387Italy BFOI 1 136 3 467 2 292 3 521 3 313 2 997 2 686 2 265 2 282 2 602 2 995Latvia ZXAQ –66 –55 –44 –31 –11 –10 –4 –8 –21 –13 8Lithuania ZXAR –58 –58 –40 –26 –5 2 3 –1 –10 –13 –29Malta1 AA3F .. .. –11 5 11 5 22 455 5 –11 –553Netherlands BFQK 4 319 4 785 2 864 632 4 590 8 984 8 088 1 870 2 471 –1 014 –3 072Poland BFSD –147 –99 –45 –43 153 218 293 282 89 70 127Portugal BFSM –7 206 252 418 508 497 453 418 533 415 257Romania ZXAS –99 –56 –10 –30 53 33 83 97 32 55 104Slovak Republic ZXAT –10 –41 –20 8 12 22 21 10 –5 –16 –44Slovenia ZXAU –48 –61 –4 2 66 30 61 69 13 7 4Spain LESY 690 477 725 1 305 896 736 538 1 966 1 081 1 017 2 853Sweden BFTN 194 280 95 688 938 774 756 1 301 1 394 1 302 1 432European Central Bank ZXAK – – – – – – – – – – –EU Institutions CSFM –582 –598 –1 001 –1 119 –1 295 –1 021 –748 –1 087 –1 408 –1 810 –2 170

Total EU27 G97D .. .. 5 078 6 793 16 765 18 708 10 185 5 859 3 152 384 2 911

European Free Trade Association (EFTA)Iceland BFNU 15 24 22 26 30 23 6 1 20 –83 642Liechtenstein BFPJ –73 –72 –44 –71 –53 –29 –37 –29 –56 –70 –102Norway BFQT –82 569 605 423 383 45 98 97 646 –82 –92Switzerland LEPD –3 660 –2 652 –3 446 –4 277 –4 516 –2 120 –1 553 –934 –2 413 –2 312 400

Total EFTA CTFV –3 800 –2 131 –2 863 –3 899 –4 156 –2 081 –1 486 –865 –1 803 –2 547 848

Other EuropeAlbania ZXAL –59 –112 –39 –28 –10 1 – – – –3 –2Belarus ZXAM –56 –70 –42 –29 –9 8 –1 –2 –3 –7 –10Croatia ZXAO –42 –179 –45 –44 –20 –3 16 25 30 – –53Russia BFSV 38 249 47 –148 140 368 255 869 1 150 549 –184Turkey BFUO 6 112 250 358 255 232 291 295 380 676 966Ukraine ZXAV –58 –47 –40 –29 –8 – –41 –64 –35 175 –79Serbia and Montenegro BFWH –116 –58 –39 –28 –10 –5 –4 –7 4 11 –18Other1 LEWB –2 320 –2 763 –3 288 –3 715 –4 802 –3 759 –1 671 –1 568 –3 231 –4 303 –9 031

Total Europe LERF –3 567 3 290 –981 –769 8 145 13 469 7 544 4 542 –356 –5 065 –4 652

AmericasArgentina ZXAX 420 355 190 381 295 103 187 257 282 565 462Brazil LENT 500 532 179 370 438 550 347 627 924 860 1 048Canada LEOU 1 056 1 219 738 731 1 154 130 554 97 915 1 017 3 152Chile ZXAY 132 123 148 251 161 220 292 812 1 165 777 822Colombia ZXAZ 11 3 78 282 181 217 252 390 433 285 207Mexico BFPS 416 252 377 218 52 560 356 669 719 807 810United States of America BFVG –81 4 240 –497 1 624 –566 –3 312 –2 956 –4 471 356 –3 039 –6 600Uruguay ZXBA –1 38 –3 –3 5 17 1 –8 5 18 3Venezuela ZXBB 126 –60 –23 –108 136 157 68 249 365 274 64Other Central American Countries JISR –142 575 554 1 220 1 936 3 053 2 736 2 801 3 187 3 950 3 111Other LEVJ –385 –308 –248 –179 –145 –14 8 403 –147 –150 –35

Total Americas LESP 2 052 6 969 1 493 4 787 3 647 1 681 1 845 1 826 8 204 5 364 3 044

AsiaChina LEPM 62 67 98 –55 178 193 242 400 534 425 166Hong Kong BFJW 1 030 116 –1 141 –1 848 –1 878 –554 503 1 891 2 491 2 694 1 527India BFND –86 68 58 121 132 389 392 226 149 233 357Indonesia BFLR 207 199 105 64 101 119 173 142 209 422 158Iran ZXBC –69 –55 –58 –180 –237 –64 –47 –31 16 –29 –58Israel BFMU –161 –107 –136 –177 –195 –139 –94 –86 –165 –280 –237Japan BFOR 471 –118 –815 –2 420 –2 484 –2 500 1 284 –251 124 –505 –166Malaysia BFQB 51 164 169 150 127 456 537 586 607 290 295Pakistan BFRU 52 32 17 62 68 116 105 188 210 304 113Philippines BFRL 40 88 19 88 99 103 142 158 161 196 317Saudi Arabia BFTE –1 180 –762 –484 –578 –682 –153 –130 –111 –226 –597 –857Singapore BFTW 847 423 –564 –4 –157 1 113 706 1 094 474 704South Korea BFPA 362 174 209 263 297 577 623 952 903 1 003 1 082Taiwan BFUX 14 70 78 122 104 242 215 383 412 329 246Thailand BFUF 81 –11 29 76 53 151 159 165 187 –218 71Residual Gulf Arabian Countries JITS –68 509 159 136 –383 –83 78 126 216 –79 –134Other Near & Middle Eastern Countries ZXBD –160 –129 –147 –81 –24 –38 –38 45 205 429 1 218Other LEWK –529 –236 –278 –87 –98 232 86 172 –140 598 882

Total Asia LETH 964 492 –2 682 –4 348 –4 979 –952 4 343 5 661 6 987 5 689 5 684

Australasia & OceaniaAustralia CYAA 778 524 802 1 766 1 875 1 830 1 304 2 641 2 525 3 059 3 297New Zealand BFRC 209 98 340 218 324 474 513 312 383 398 439Other LEVS 151 419 28 –7 –54 –10 – 9 31 –282 –123

Total Australasia & Oceania LETZ 1 138 1 041 1 170 1 977 2 145 2 294 1 817 2 962 2 939 3 175 3 613

AfricaEgypt ZXBF –503 –405 –238 –61 –19 159 111 60 70 90 219Morocco ZXBG –31 –19 –9 –1 –1 22 5 –4 –5 –62 –25South Africa BFWZ 545 327 164 460 596 1 319 1 145 2 175 3 169 961 1 287Other North Africa JIRT –167 –17 –48 –76 –58 –151 26 –24 –3 598 –1 483 –426Other LEWT 43 8 51 105 134 610 737 800 4 844 2 028 632

Total Africa LERX –113 –106 –80 427 652 1 959 2 024 3 007 4 480 1 534 1 687

International Organisations CTFD –150 117 37 –112 –185 –165 –50 –168 –382 –600 –770

World total HMBP 324 11 803 –1 043 1 962 9 425 18 286 17 523 17 830 21 872 10 097 8 606


9.6 Income


155


156

£ million

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007Credits


Austria GXVQ 35 34 34 30 31 33 51 36 38 47 36Belgium and Luxembourg GXVR 221 250 236 224 217 247 232 246 263 276 241

of which Belgium A7PL .. .. 219 209 202 230 217 227 242 247 223Luxembourg A7PO .. .. 17 15 15 17 15 19 21 29 18

Bulgaria KOLZ – – – 2 – 8 1 1 8 13 16Cyprus1 A7PM .. .. 1 2 2 3 4 4 4 9 5Czech Republic GXWK 7 4 4 6 2 3 32 23 16 26 19Denmark GXVS 51 47 33 28 30 41 28 40 45 57 41Estonia LWMG 3 – – – – – – – – – –Finland GXVT 22 18 16 24 15 16 93 17 17 25 21France GXVU 335 355 291 279 328 336 193 332 319 401 314Germany GXVV 463 465 420 391 392 444 379 457 499 558 479Greece GXVW 58 60 43 39 40 48 40 49 55 57 53Hungary HZXT – – – 1 1 8 1 1 5 6 13Ireland GXVX 188 192 130 115 162 155 113 170 166 163 180Italy GXVY 176 172 122 101 117 123 100 178 180 221 161Latvia LWWC 4 4 2 2 1 5 1 1 7 11 5Lithuania LYTR 1 – – – 1 – – – 7 9 15Malta1 A7PP .. .. 1 – 1 1 1 2 2 2 4Netherlands GXVZ 333 320 308 323 315 374 292 353 377 383 338Poland GXWL 29 5 4 3 3 14 7 37 107 132 131Portugal GXWA 20 19 18 28 15 21 15 22 20 25 20Romania HZXV – 2 2 – – 11 1 2 7 11 9Slovak Republic HZXX – 5 4 – 2 3 – – 13 15 18Slovenia HZXY – – – – – 5 – 1 1 4 1Spain GXWB 119 121 105 92 98 105 86 127 137 161 137Sweden GXWC 111 109 93 88 90 97 84 108 107 127 96European Central Bank KNWK – – – – – – – – – – –EU Institutions GXWD 5 422 5 103 6 391 5 314 7 275 5 905 6 688 7 354 7 976 8 119 7 265

Total EU27 GC84 .. .. 8 258 7 092 9 138 8 006 8 442 9 561 10 376 10 858 9 618

European Free Trade Association (EFTA)Iceland GXWF 36 36 35 33 34 35 64 34 34 40 35Liechtenstein GXWG 6 4 2 2 1 2 1 1 – 5 2Norway GXWH 84 84 64 60 60 80 66 75 87 108 87Switzerland GXWI 105 103 74 59 65 80 63 85 105 153 80Total EFTA GXWJ 231 227 175 154 160 197 194 195 226 306 204

Other EuropeAlbania HZXP 1 – – – – – – – – – –Belarus HZXQ – – – – 1 – 7 – 1 1 –Croatia HZXR 6 4 2 2 1 2 2 2 – 9 14Russia GXWM 28 26 17 10 12 16 11 19 24 50 22Turkey GXWN 35 36 31 28 30 34 30 37 39 61 36Ukraine HZYA 1 – – 1 – – 7 19 2 3 8Serbia and Montenegro LTVE – – 2 2 1 2 5 1 – 5 4Other1 HKJF 25 31 12 10 27 16 16 9 14 30 62

Total Europe GXWP 7 925 7 609 8 497 7 299 9 370 8 273 8 714 9 843 10 682 11 323 9 968

AmericasArgentina HZYJ 18 19 10 8 10 11 7 8 5 18 8Brazil GXWQ 24 23 15 10 14 16 11 12 12 38 16Canada GXWR 303 305 208 174 197 209 160 243 267 264 253Chile HZYL 14 15 8 7 10 9 7 9 10 27 11Colombia HZYM 28 27 16 14 24 17 25 15 15 36 14Mexico GXWS 36 33 21 18 19 28 21 27 32 96 29United States of America GXWT 2 136 2 101 1 343 1 182 2 395 1 693 1 217 1 549 4 186 3 390 3 333Uruguay HZYN – – – – – – – – – 2 –Venezuela HZYO 21 21 14 8 10 12 8 13 15 27 10Other Central American Countries HZYG 255 260 156 140 145 181 135 214 258 517 226Other HZYI 18 19 11 8 10 13 13 13 15 31 12

Total Americas GXWV 2 853 2 823 1 802 1 569 2 834 2 189 1 604 2 103 4 815 4 446 3 912

AsiaChina GXWW 19 20 13 9 10 13 9 13 12 36 15Hong Kong GXWX 132 77 58 49 54 40 29 37 36 48 27India GXWY 16 17 17 15 23 25 13 27 30 73 23Indonesia GXWZ 36 39 20 17 19 24 44 18 18 75 19Iran HZYQ 6 4 2 3 2 3 2 3 4 9 3Israel GXXA 53 53 36 29 31 35 33 32 34 49 33Japan GXXB 170 174 113 97 109 130 95 124 137 270 115Malaysia GXXC 28 29 21 17 23 21 48 21 21 38 21Pakistan GXXD 9 5 5 3 4 4 29 4 3 13 7Philippines GXXE 21 19 11 8 10 11 7 9 10 19 8Saudi Arabia GXXF 486 491 501 485 494 488 499 481 490 511 484Singapore GXXG 20 20 14 9 15 15 13 23 28 30 23South Korea GXXH 18 19 14 9 12 20 10 22 28 57 6Taiwan GXXI 14 15 8 7 10 15 22 12 15 27 9Thailand GXXJ 9 8 6 5 5 9 6 8 10 21 7Residual Gulf Arabian Countries HZYS 178 179 170 162 165 172 168 177 179 231 178Other Near & Middle Eastern Countries HZYU 294 294 305 294 299 295 294 293 299 312 293Other HZVR 106 65 57 54 62 44 38 41 41 69 53

Total Asia GXXL 1 615 1 528 1 371 1 272 1 347 1 364 1 359 1 345 1 395 1 888 1 324

Australasia & OceaniaAustralia GXXM 232 213 173 158 169 203 165 244 268 228 240New Zealand GXXN 77 69 58 53 58 58 51 64 60 68 61Other GXXO 6 4 3 3 2 3 2 6 5 7 5

Total Australasia & Oceania GXXP 315 286 234 214 229 264 218 314 333 303 306

AfricaEgypt LZDN 5 1 4 3 2 4 26 7 9 19 6Morocco HICY 6 4 2 2 1 2 2 2 1 7 3South Africa GXXQ 123 127 93 81 88 83 69 96 105 123 66Other North Africa HICX 13 15 11 10 10 13 20 14 15 17 12Other HZUI 53 56 38 33 36 42 35 43 45 97 68

Total Africa GXXS 200 203 148 129 137 144 152 162 175 263 155

International Organisations GXXT – – – – – – – – – – –

World total KTND 12 908 12 449 12 052 10 483 13 917 12 234 12 047 13 767 17 400 18 223 15 665


9.7 Current transfers


157


1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007Debits


Austria GXXV 23 16 17 23 21 24 25 29 34 42 27Belgium and Luxembourg GXXW 107 77 70 78 93 98 105 114 93 100 84

of which Belgium A8BV .. .. 61 70 82 87 94 101 79 78 73Luxembourg A8BY .. .. 9 8 11 11 11 13 14 22 11

Bulgaria LTQA – – 8 12 8 14 7 4 4 7 2Cyprus1 A8BW .. .. 10 18 19 27 26 32 35 41 34Czech Republic GXYP 15 14 21 9 9 11 12 13 14 21 19Denmark GXXX 53 50 41 37 32 36 30 42 54 65 44Estonia LWQY 4 – – – – – 1 4 4 1 –Finland GXXY 13 12 10 22 14 14 13 17 17 24 15France GXXZ 251 250 301 268 288 333 267 320 351 419 363Germany GXYA 345 314 281 294 288 366 316 401 455 484 371Greece GXYB 47 50 34 49 45 46 46 59 65 67 71Hungary HIEC 17 18 17 16 12 19 10 11 12 12 8Ireland GXYC 747 800 389 471 442 476 506 559 611 612 421Italy GXYD 240 256 153 133 139 150 131 178 207 243 160Latvia LYON 7 4 6 2 1 2 1 1 – 5 2Lithuania LYYJ 3 – 8 1 15 14 – 8 9 14 4Malta1 A8BZ .. .. 9 15 17 18 19 22 23 24 27Netherlands GXYE 146 137 158 187 144 178 127 176 205 174 189Poland GXYQ 62 56 35 58 46 50 52 56 59 71 49Portugal GXYF 28 26 31 48 36 40 41 46 47 53 41Romania HIEE 13 14 10 14 11 20 10 12 12 10 4Slovak Republic HIEG 8 10 7 5 3 6 3 1 6 6 1Slovenia HIEH 2 1 8 – 5 4 – 1 1 4 1Spain GXYG 131 145 164 125 126 141 151 171 172 192 188Sweden GXYH 66 57 55 33 34 39 35 43 41 55 34European Central Bank KOEJ – – – – – – – – – – –EU Institutions GXYI 8 268 10 265 10 524 10 719 9 557 10 097 11 485 11 505 13 098 13 025 13 060

Total EU27 GCR2 .. .. 12 367 12 637 11 405 12 223 13 419 13 825 15 629 15 771 15 219

European Free Trade Association (EFTA)Iceland GXYK 6 4 2 4 2 6 2 2 1 7 3Liechtenstein GXYL 6 4 2 2 1 2 1 1 – 5 2Norway GXYM 82 75 82 56 59 63 54 72 77 96 99Switzerland GXYN 103 99 85 94 91 124 90 121 146 188 111

Total EFTA GXYO 197 182 171 156 153 195 147 196 224 296 215

Other EuropeAlbania HIDY 2 2 2 6 9 12 7 7 7 5 11Belarus HIDZ 2 2 4 – 6 11 3 2 2 3 –Croatia HIEA 13 8 4 8 5 6 5 6 11 20 16Russia GXYR 99 104 70 90 55 23 49 60 62 66 31Turkey GXYS 37 38 33 28 34 41 32 44 48 72 28Ukraine HIEJ 24 23 42 30 54 15 28 41 42 45 28Serbia and Montenegro LWHC 1 – 8 67 38 31 30 27 29 37 38Other1 HZWJ 135 141 122 126 149 156 189 168 180 191 198

Total Europe GXYU 11 106 13 072 12 823 13 148 11 908 12 713 13 909 14 376 16 234 16 506 15 784

AmericasArgentina HIES 20 21 12 16 17 18 14 16 15 29 16Brazil GXYV 38 41 37 36 45 57 35 38 41 64 26Canada GXYW 361 361 282 265 280 315 276 368 406 399 392Chile HIEU 20 19 13 12 11 13 10 13 14 31 14Colombia HIEV 36 34 25 23 29 22 14 21 21 40 20Mexico GXYX 41 41 29 25 22 31 21 28 33 97 32United States of America GXYY 2 262 2 158 1 575 1 421 2 553 1 891 1 449 1 845 4 471 3 620 3 613Uruguay HIEW 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 1Venezuela HIEX 18 19 11 9 11 13 9 14 16 28 11Other Central American Countries HIEP 562 623 455 429 401 426 365 456 510 783 449Other HIER 68 159 87 80 96 96 64 68 68 67 44

Total Americas GXZA 3 427 3 477 2 527 2 317 3 466 2 883 2 258 2 868 5 596 5 161 4 618

AsiaChina GXZB 91 109 98 82 86 125 77 136 137 150 164Hong Kong GXZC 97 93 123 117 121 133 126 147 155 165 126India GXZD 398 407 422 489 534 557 503 621 711 733 837Indonesia GXZE 103 103 75 54 45 51 67 83 182 160 143Iran HIEZ 23 20 19 20 17 19 17 21 23 28 13Israel GXZF 49 51 35 33 36 42 35 40 43 58 39Japan GXZG 166 163 124 95 104 132 99 132 148 280 119Malaysia GXZH 42 43 62 45 44 49 46 53 61 77 45Pakistan GXZI 183 158 151 144 162 233 183 196 211 248 265Philippines GXZJ 55 52 36 30 33 35 33 37 40 50 27Saudi Arabia GXZK 22 21 37 41 42 51 48 52 49 65 59Singapore GXZL 39 42 77 76 76 88 90 109 118 117 102South Korea GXZM 19 22 17 11 13 21 10 23 29 57 7Taiwan GXZN 15 15 13 7 11 15 9 12 15 27 9Thailand GXZO 20 18 23 29 30 40 31 37 50 52 41Residual Gulf Arabian Countries HIFB 96 90 90 74 83 88 193 325 342 362 277Other Near & Middle Eastern Countries HIFD 51 46 56 67 77 77 73 91 96 102 67Other HZWN 315 283 300 404 538 609 529 740 854 974 1 258

Total Asia GXZQ 1 784 1 736 1 758 1 818 2 052 2 365 2 169 2 855 3 264 3 705 3 598

Australasia & OceaniaAustralia GXZR 335 336 220 217 240 275 264 345 399 352 350New Zealand GXZS 84 82 53 66 75 80 79 92 101 109 85Other GXZT 32 25 31 11 10 23 22 26 27 28 11Total Australasia & Oceania GXZU 451 443 304 294 325 378 365 463 527 489 446

AfricaEgypt LZIF 5 – 28 24 23 27 26 36 39 45 26Morocco HIYZ 11 9 10 8 7 8 9 9 9 15 8South Africa GXZV 188 202 227 257 286 309 313 346 364 383 374Other North Africa HIYX 34 43 24 10 13 14 26 20 21 24 14Other HZUA 955 986 1 042 1 268 1 320 1 363 2 087 1 894 2 009 2 100 2 608

Total Africa GXZX 1 193 1 240 1 331 1 567 1 649 1 721 2 461 2 305 2 442 2 567 3 030

International Organisations GXZY 692 653 631 1 114 1 032 1 044 720 1 176 1 186 1 719 1 883

World total KTNE 18 653 20 621 19 374 20 258 20 432 21 104 21 882 24 043 29 249 30 147 29 359




158


1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007Balances


Austria GZDU 12 18 17 7 10 9 26 7 4 5 9Belgium and Luxembourg GZDV 114 173 166 146 124 149 127 132 170 176 157

of which Belgium A8H2 .. .. 158 139 120 143 123 126 163 169 150Luxembourg A8H5 .. .. 8 7 4 6 4 6 7 7 7

Bulgaria ZWRH – – –8 –10 –8 –6 –6 –3 4 6 14Cyprus1 A8H3 .. .. –9 –16 –17 –24 –22 –28 –31 –32 –29Czech Republic GZCJ –8 –10 –17 –3 –7 –8 20 10 2 5 –Denmark GZDW –2 –3 –8 –9 –2 5 –2 –2 –9 –8 –3Estonia ZWRN –1 – – – – – –1 –4 –4 –1 –Finland GZDX 9 6 6 2 1 2 80 – – 1 6France GZDY 84 105 –10 11 40 3 –74 12 –32 –18 –49Germany GZDZ 118 151 139 97 104 78 63 56 44 74 108Greece GZEA 11 10 9 –10 –5 2 –6 –10 –10 –10 –18Hungary GYWH –17 –18 –17 –15 –11 –11 –9 –10 –7 –6 5Ireland GZEB –559 –608 –259 –356 –280 –321 –393 –389 –445 –449 –241Italy GZEC –64 –84 –31 –32 –22 –27 –31 – –27 –22 1Latvia ZWRV –3 – –4 – – 3 – – 7 6 3Lithuania ZWRU –2 – –8 –1 –14 –14 – –8 –2 –5 11Malta1 A8H6 .. .. –8 –15 –16 –17 –18 –20 –21 –22 –23Netherlands GZED 187 183 150 136 171 196 165 177 172 209 149Poland GZCK –33 –51 –31 –55 –43 –36 –45 –19 48 61 82Portugal GZEE –8 –7 –13 –20 –21 –19 –26 –24 –27 –28 –21Romania ZWRX –13 –12 –8 –14 –11 –9 –9 –10 –5 1 5Slovak Republic ZWRZ –8 –5 –3 –5 –1 –3 –3 –1 7 9 17Slovenia ZWRY –2 –1 –8 – –5 1 – – – – –Spain GZEF –12 –24 –59 –33 –28 –36 –65 –44 –35 –31 –51Sweden GYRO 45 52 38 55 56 58 49 65 66 72 62European Central Bank ZWRB – – – – – – – – – – –EU Institutions GYRP –2 846 –5 162 –4 133 –5 405 –2 282 –4 192 –4 797 –4 151 –5 122 –4 906 –5 795

Total EU27 GD6K .. .. –4 109 –5 545 –2 267 –4 217 –4 977 –4 264 –5 253 –4 913 –5 601

European Free Trade Association (EFTA)Iceland GXEL 30 32 33 29 32 29 62 32 33 33 32Liechtenstein GXEM – – – – – – – – – – –Norway GXEN 2 9 –18 4 1 17 12 3 10 12 –12Switzerland GZCH 2 4 –11 –35 –26 –44 –27 –36 –41 –35 –31

Total EFTA GZCI 34 45 4 –2 7 2 47 –1 2 10 –11

Other EuropeAlbania ZWRF –1 –2 –2 –6 –9 –12 –7 –7 –7 –5 –11Belarus ZWRI –2 –2 –4 – –5 –11 4 –2 –1 –2 –Croatia ZWRS –7 –4 –2 –6 –4 –4 –3 –4 –11 –11 –2Russia GZCL –71 –78 –53 –80 –43 –7 –38 –41 –38 –16 –9Turkey GZCM –2 –2 –2 – –4 –7 –2 –7 –9 –11 8Ukraine ZWSA –23 –23 –42 –29 –54 –15 –21 –22 –40 –42 –20Serbia and Montenegro ZWSD –1 – –6 –65 –37 –29 –25 –26 –29 –32 –34Other1 ZWRC –110 –110 –110 –116 –122 –140 –173 –159 –166 –161 –136

Total Europe GZCO –3 181 –5 463 –4 326 –5 849 –2 538 –4 440 –5 195 –4 533 –5 552 –5 183 –5 816

AmericasArgentina ZWRG –2 –2 –2 –8 –7 –7 –7 –8 –10 –11 –8Brazil GZCP –14 –18 –22 –26 –31 –41 –24 –26 –29 –26 –10Canada GZCQ –58 –56 –74 –91 –83 –106 –116 –125 –139 –135 –139Chile ZWRJ –6 –4 –5 –5 –1 –4 –3 –4 –4 –4 –3Colombia ZWRK –8 –7 –9 –9 –5 –5 11 –6 –6 –4 –6Mexico GZCR –5 –8 –8 –7 –3 –3 – –1 –1 –1 –3United States of America GZCS –126 –57 –232 –239 –158 –198 –232 –296 –285 –230 –280Uruguay ZWSB –1 –1 –1 –1 –1 –1 –1 –1 –1 –1 –1Venezuela ZWSC 3 2 3 –1 –1 –1 –1 –1 –1 –1 –1Other Central American Countries ZWRM –307 –363 –299 –289 –256 –245 –230 –242 –252 –266 –223Other ZWRP –50 –140 –76 –72 –86 –83 –51 –55 –53 –36 –32

Total Americas GZCU –574 –654 –725 –748 –632 –694 –654 –765 –781 –715 –706

AsiaChina GZCV –72 –89 –85 –73 –76 –112 –68 –123 –125 –114 –149Hong Kong GZCW 35 –16 –65 –68 –67 –93 –97 –110 –119 –117 –99India GZCX –382 –390 –405 –474 –511 –532 –490 –594 –681 –660 –814Indonesia GZCY –67 –64 –55 –37 –26 –27 –23 –65 –164 –85 –124Iran ZWRT –17 –16 –17 –17 –15 –16 –15 –18 –19 –19 –10Israel GZCZ 4 2 1 –4 –5 –7 –2 –8 –9 –9 –6Japan GZDA 4 11 –11 2 5 –2 –4 –8 –11 –10 –4Malaysia GZDB –14 –14 –41 –28 –21 –28 2 –32 –40 –39 –24Pakistan GZDC –174 –153 –146 –141 –158 –229 –154 –192 –208 –235 –258Philippines GZDD –34 –33 –25 –22 –23 –24 –26 –28 –30 –31 –19Saudi Arabia GZDE 464 470 464 444 452 437 451 429 441 446 425Singapore GZDF –19 –22 –63 –67 –61 –73 –77 –86 –90 –87 –79South Korea GZDG –1 –3 –3 –2 –1 –1 – –1 –1 – –1Taiwan GZDH –1 – –5 – –1 – 13 – – – –Thailand GZDI –11 –10 –17 –24 –25 –31 –25 –29 –40 –31 –34Residual Gulf Arabian Countries ZWRQ 82 89 80 88 82 84 –25 –148 –163 –131 –99Other Near & Middle Eastern Countries ZWRR 243 248 249 227 222 218 221 202 203 210 226Other ZWRD –209 –218 –243 –350 –476 –565 –491 –699 –813 –905 –1 205

Total Asia GZDK –169 –208 –387 –546 –705 –1 001 –810 –1 510 –1 869 –1 817 –2 274

Australasia & OceaniaAustralia GZDL –103 –123 –47 –59 –71 –72 –99 –101 –131 –124 –110New Zealand GZDM –7 –13 5 –13 –17 –22 –28 –28 –41 –41 –24Other GZDN –26 –21 –28 –8 –8 –20 –20 –20 –22 –21 –6

Total Australasia & Oceania GZDO –136 –157 –70 –80 –96 –114 –147 –149 –194 –186 –140

AfricaEgypt ZWRO – 1 –24 –21 –21 –23 – –29 –30 –26 –20Morocco ZWRW –5 –5 –8 –6 –6 –6 –7 –7 –8 –8 –5South Africa GZDP –65 –75 –134 –176 –198 –226 –244 –250 –259 –260 –308Other North Africa ZWRL –21 –28 –13 – –3 –1 –6 –6 –6 –7 –2Other ZWRE –902 –930 –1 004 –1 235 –1 284 –1 321 –2 052 –1 851 –1 964 –2 003 –2 540

Total Africa GZDR –993 –1 037 –1 183 –1 438 –1 512 –1 577 –2 309 –2 143 –2 267 –2 304 –2 875

International Organisations GZDS –692 –653 –631 –1 114 –1 032 –1 044 –720 –1 176 –1 186 –1 719 –1 883

World total KTNF –5 745 –8 172 –7 322 –9 775 –6 515 –8 870 –9 835 –10 276 –11 849 –11 924 –13 694




159


160

£ million

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

CreditsExports of goods

EMU members QATL 92 359 102 138 104 202 103 908 100 631 100 595 109 506 136 061 114 034EU members LGCJ 101 537 112 459 114 406 114 737 111 286 111 650 121 486 152 357 127 678Total Europe EPLM 108 623 120 705 122 492 122 437 119 832 120 666 133 669 164 342 140 542USA QAMH 24 040 29 276 29 244 28 197 28 672 28 589 30 916 32 098 32 113

Exports of servicesEMU members GFS6 27 196 29 622 32 122 33 568 36 645 40 146 43 210 46 143 50 738EU members GC8R 30 783 33 718 36 850 38 306 41 871 46 037 49 741 53 828 59 436Total Europe FYWB 36 700 39 864 43 547 46 682 51 340 55 688 61 157 67 179 75 237USA FYWF 17 889 19 274 19 211 22 690 23 977 25 790 24 529 28 801 32 082

IncomeEMU members G99N 39 923 52 406 59 549 51 287 50 329 51 351 65 326 84 950 109 646EU members GNF6 43 406 57 027 64 584 55 788 54 796 56 854 71 290 91 708 117 192Total Europe LERD 51 945 69 737 75 064 65 105 65 377 70 301 89 678 116 496 149 198USA BFVE 23 744 29 284 31 117 26 524 27 662 30 170 44 946 59 483 65 622

Current transfersEMU members GFP7 1 723 1 646 1 730 1 907 1 594 1 988 2 072 2 321 1 981EU members GC84 8 258 7 092 9 138 8 006 8 442 9 561 10 376 10 858 9 618Total Europe GXWP 8 497 7 299 9 370 8 273 8 714 9 843 10 682 11 323 9 968USA GXWT 1 343 1 182 2 395 1 693 1 217 1 549 4 186 3 390 3 333

TOTAL CREDITSEMU members G99K 160 753 185 295 197 097 190 170 188 622 193 497 219 515 268 196 275 622EU members G97O 183 984 210 296 224 978 216 837 216 395 224 102 252 893 308 751 313 924Total Europe LERA 205 765 237 605 250 473 242 497 245 263 256 498 295 186 359 340 374 945USA BFVB 67 016 79 016 81 967 79 104 81 528 86 098 104 577 123 772 133 150

DebitsImports of goods

EMU members QBRM 99 645 106 146 114 724 123 716 123 224 126 804 139 541 157 276 147 854EU members LGDB 109 622 117 644 126 973 136 931 137 404 142 523 158 163 183 748 169 142Total Europe EPMM 121 635 132 366 141 496 151 744 153 466 162 131 183 786 213 967 199 636USA QAMI 24 360 28 416 29 345 25 149 22 857 22 103 22 187 25 551 25 803

Imports of servicesEMU members GG2B 29 577 32 098 34 151 36 066 38 696 40 770 44 670 46 159 48 272EU members GCV2 32 510 35 356 37 686 39 715 43 014 45 517 50 423 52 579 54 834Total Europe GGPQ 36 024 39 497 41 893 44 975 47 916 50 656 56 739 59 523 62 655USA GGPU 12 753 13 205 13 503 13 403 14 862 15 327 16 328 16 762 18 440

IncomeEMU members G99I 34 016 45 385 43 125 32 695 40 726 46 826 62 673 84 531 106 189EU members G97L 38 328 50 234 47 819 37 080 44 611 50 995 68 138 91 324 114 281Total Europe LERE 52 926 70 506 66 919 51 636 57 833 65 759 90 034 121 561 153 850USA BFVF 24 241 27 660 31 683 29 836 30 618 34 641 44 590 62 522 72 222

Current transfersEMU members GFX3 1 616 1 698 1 641 1 870 1 728 2 071 2 258 2 414 1 931EU members GCR2 12 367 12 637 11 405 12 223 13 419 13 825 15 629 15 771 15 219Total Europe GXYU 12 823 13 148 11 908 12 713 13 909 14 376 16 234 16 506 15 784USA GXYY 1 575 1 421 2 553 1 891 1 449 1 845 4 471 3 620 3 613

TOTAL DEBITSEMU members G99F 164 541 184 993 193 254 193 932 203 938 216 082 248 693 288 774 303 879EU members G97F 192 827 215 871 223 883 225 949 238 448 252 860 292 353 343 422 353 476Total Europe LERB 223 408 255 517 262 216 261 068 273 124 292 922 346 793 411 557 431 925USA BFVC 62 929 70 702 77 084 70 279 69 786 73 916 87 576 108 455 120 078

BalancesTrade in goods

EMU members QBRX –7 286 –4 008 –10 522 –19 808 –22 593 –26 209 –30 035 –21 215 –33 820EU members LGCF –8 085 –5 185 –12 567 –22 194 –26 118 –30 873 –36 677 –31 391 –41 464Total Europe EPNM –13 012 –11 661 –19 004 –29 307 –33 634 –41 465 –50 117 –49 625 –59 094USA QBRP –320 860 –101 3 048 5 815 6 486 8 729 6 547 6 310

Trade in servicesEMU members GG3L –2 381 –2 476 –2 029 –2 498 –2 051 –624 –1 460 –16 2 466EU members GD6R –1 727 –1 638 –836 –1 409 –1 143 520 –682 1 249 4 602Total Europe GGRV 676 367 1 654 1 707 3 424 5 032 4 418 7 656 12 582USA GGRZ 5 136 6 069 5 708 9 287 9 115 10 463 8 201 12 039 13 642

IncomeEMU members G99D 5 907 7 021 16 424 18 592 9 603 4 525 2 653 419 3 457EU members G97D 5 078 6 793 16 765 18 708 10 185 5 859 3 152 384 2 911Total Europe LERF –981 –769 8 145 13 469 7 544 4 542 –356 –5 065 –4 652USA BFVG –497 1 624 –566 –3 312 –2 956 –4 471 356 –3 039 –6 600

Current transfersEMU members GG3E 107 –52 89 37 –134 –83 –186 –93 50EU members GD6K –4 109 –5 545 –2 267 –4 217 –4 977 –4 264 –5 253 –4 913 –5 601Total Europe GZCO –4 326 –5 849 –2 538 –4 440 –5 195 –4 533 –5 552 –5 183 –5 816USA GZCS –232 –239 –158 –198 –232 –296 –285 –230 –280

CURRENT BALANCEEMU members G997 –3 788 302 3 843 –3 762 –15 316 –22 585 –29 178 –20 578 –28 257EU members G977 –8 843 –5 575 1 095 –9 112 –22 053 –28 758 –39 460 –34 671 –39 552Total Europe LERC –17 643 –17 912 –11 743 –18 571 –27 861 –36 424 –51 607 –52 217 –56 980USA BFVD 4 087 8 314 4 883 8 825 11 742 12 182 17 001 15 317 13 072

1 EMU Members: Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, IrishRepublic, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Slovenia, Spain.

2 EU and Europe include transactions with European Union institutions.

9.8 Current accountTransactions with Europe and USA1,2


161

£ million

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Credits

Exports of servicesUK charge for collecting duties and levies(net)1 QWUE 240 212 208 217 525 487 489 543 565 583 603

Current transfersOther sectors

Agricultural Guarantee Fund2 EBGL 3 063 2 935 2 781 2 571 2 336 2 381 2 691 3 315 3 408 3 220 2 943European Social Fund HDIZ 615 783 434 659 370 412 427 433 900 1 305 795European Coal & Steel Community Grant FJKP 5 1 – – 1 – – 2 – – –

Central governmentFontainebleau abatement FKKL 1 733 1 377 3 171 2 084 4 560 3 099 3 560 3 592 3 655 3 570 3 523Other EU receipts GCSD 6 7 5 – 8 13 10 12 13 24 4

Capital transfersOther sectors

Agricultural Fund for Regional Development3 FJXL 57 56 47 82 26 – 2 49 80 50 150European Regional Development Fund HBZA 812 357 285 989 543 296 622 1 062 1 402 618 707Other capital transfers from EU Institutions2 EBGO 178 43 – – 322 – – – – – –

Total credits GCSL 6 709 5 771 6 931 6 602 8 691 6 688 7 801 9 008 10 023 9 370 8 725

Debits

Current transfersOther sectors

Customs duties and agricultural levies 4 FJWD 2 291 2 076 2 024 2 086 2 069 1 919 1 937 2 145 2 237 2 329 2 412Sugar levies 4 GTBA 91 42 46 44 31 25 18 25 24 – –European Coal & Steel Community production levy 4 GTBB – – – – – – – – – – –VAT based contribution 5 HCML 3 646 3 758 3 920 4 104 3 624 2 720 2 775 1 764 1 980 2 165 2 293VAT adjustment 5 FSVL –249 470 –109 100 –49 88 –35 25 19 2 26

Central governmentGNP fourth resource6 HCSO 2 655 3 516 4 403 4 243 3 859 5 259 6 622 7 565 8 597 8 358 7 996GNP adjustments6 HCSM –197 404 229 136 –1 76 150 –16 135 163 327Total GNP based fourth own resource contribution NMFH 2 458 3 920 4 632 4 379 3 858 5 335 6 772 7 549 8 732 8 521 8 323Inter-government agreements HCBW – – – – – – – – – – –EU non-budget (miscellaneous) HRTM – – – – – – – – – – –Other current transfers to EU institutions GVEG 31 –1 11 6 24 10 18 –3 106 8 6

Total debits GCSM 8 268 10 265 10 524 10 719 9 557 10 097 11 485 11 505 13 098 13 025 13 060

Balance (UK net contribution to the EU) BLZS –1 559 –4 494 –3 593 –4 117 –866 –3 409 –3 684 –2 497 –3 075 –3 655 –4 335

1 Before 1989 this is netted off the VAT contribution but cannot be identfifiedseparately.

2 Other capital transfers from EU institutions are included indistiguishably withAgricultural Guarantee Fund receipts before 1996.

3 Up to 2006 this series includes the European Agricultural Guidance Fund.4 EU traditional own resource.5 Third own resource contribution.6 Fourth own resource contribution.

9.9 UK official transactions with institutions of the EU


162

£ million

Royal- Personal,Computer ties Other cultural

Trans- and and busi- andport- Commun- Cons- Insu- Finan- infor- license ness recrea- Govern- Totalation Travel ications truction rance cial mation fees services tional ment services

Exports

European Union (EU27) total 6 438 8 112 2 437 429 583 13 640 3 475 2 323 14 790 857 744 53 828Belgium 385 279 64 46 13 600 100 70 965 19 .. 2 547Luxembourg 12 24 25 .. 13 698 .. – 250 – .. 1 126Denmark 944 210 .. .. 26 385 108 97 379 82 .. 2 313France 822 1 178 336 13 112 2 198 396 181 1 862 91 15 7 204Germany 942 1 178 403 21 106 3 339 613 287 2 752 92 25 9 758Ireland 775 966 378 228 44 896 1 116 502 1 854 65 4 6 828Italy 400 693 303 16 96 952 159 228 698 106 5 3 656Netherlands 606 536 291 57 36 1 941 393 362 3 289 64 16 7 591Russia 65 254 26 9 27 752 29 29 429 23 12 1 655Spain 902 912 214 20 33 1 140 124 109 862 101 8 4 425Switzerland 177 381 51 19 73 1 374 .. 261 2 402 31 .. 5 588Turkey 92 128 16 1 25 117 27 16 98 7 8 535Argentina 17 29 11 – 11 8 .. .. 13 .. 4 103Brazil 95 136 15 .. 24 .. 36 25 76 .. 6 484Canada 307 504 37 .. 129 499 31 53 425 18 .. 2 019Chile 15 45 .. .. 17 4 – 2 29 .. 3 122Mexico 58 79 7 .. 60 63 .. 24 78 8 .. 387United States of America 3 255 2 988 540 .. 1 987 7 120 1 658 1 903 8 423 .. 412 28 801China 348 517 25 .. 22 198 20 82 177 .. .. 1 411Hong Kong 265 185 .. .. 24 437 28 25 245 .. 3 1 275India 337 400 37 2 41 178 39 71 406 26 84 1 621Iran 16 76 8 .. 5 37 .. 6 43 .. .. 209Japan 534 328 35 1 148 1 912 28 395 842 47 4 4 274Malaysia 61 163 12 .. 18 69 19 17 124 .. .. 490Philippines 21 25 .. .. 11 10 4 4 17 .. .. 99Saudi Arabia 106 145 23 4 15 145 .. 9 2 228 .. .. 2 701Singapore 448 92 20 5 18 327 25 .. 435 .. – 2 870South Korea 148 140 11 6 36 197 17 75 198 5 5 838Taiwan 84 71 5 .. 17 195 9 25 .. 1 20 571Thailand 68 72 13 .. 13 65 .. 7 37 .. .. 286Australia 665 659 54 9 67 456 66 169 522 103 8 2 778South Africa 329 271 40 1 49 184 82 71 275 24 11 1 337Other 2 580 4 649 .. .. 816 .. .. .. .. .. .. 26 847

Global total 15 879 18 313 3 945 790 4 132 33 832 6 806 7 471 37 389 2 136 2 056 132 749

Imports

European Union (EU27) total 10 814 19 862 1 954 399 562 4 454 1 497 1 811 9 258 329 1 639 52 579Belgium 395 425 55 24 46 478 63 .. 575 .. .. 2 133Luxembourg 54 47 .. .. 8 182 .. 79 144 .. .. 526Denmark 483 140 27 6 24 75 39 39 159 15 9 1 016France 1 705 3 933 265 23 96 613 169 .. 1 806 39 .. 9 619Germany 1 030 869 537 141 121 1 334 515 269 2 018 53 1 073 7 960Ireland 566 1 149 189 83 41 461 269 79 624 19 25 3 505Italy 1 109 1 574 206 3 35 250 42 49 771 .. .. 4 144Netherlands 797 736 120 29 65 460 174 227 954 33 24 3 619Russia 123 103 25 .. 15 115 5 4 321 .. 2 726Spain 2 403 6 017 290 11 37 244 33 30 712 18 118 9 913Switzerland 353 477 45 26 12 298 165 266 670 40 4 2 356Turkey 278 634 20 .. 11 18 .. .. 125 .. .. 1 094Argentina 12 70 4 – .. 1 .. .. .. .. 3 116Brazil 71 106 9 .. 5 .. .. 1 37 .. 6 263Canada 227 598 37 13 15 118 34 84 187 5 30 1 348Chile 15 15 .. .. .. .. .. – .. .. 1 39Mexico 53 170 8 – 1 10 .. .. 21 .. .. 275United States of America 2 213 3 610 360 10 82 2 981 659 2 284 3 572 411 580 16 762China 291 271 23 .. 40 31 4 .. 133 .. 4 811Hong Kong 196 155 .. 2 21 209 4 4 225 .. 5 844India 302 751 62 2 8 39 207 .. 224 .. 3 1 609Iran 15 35 1 .. – 2 .. – .. – – 61Japan 259 132 26 .. 20 826 8 451 1 015 .. .. 2 748Malaysia 61 128 14 .. 5 11 .. .. 27 .. .. 253Philippines 40 97 6 – .. 1 .. .. 17 .. 4 173Saudi Arabia 51 42 7 – .. 10 .. .. .. – – 670Singapore 109 57 19 .. 10 135 13 9 486 4 .. 866South Korea 59 29 .. .. 8 50 .. .. 94 .. 3 252Taiwan 42 22 .. .. .. 62 .. .. 82 .. – 220Thailand 127 504 12 .. .. 8 .. .. 26 .. 2 686Australia 289 1 011 42 .. .. 112 19 73 239 12 3 1 809South Africa 196 584 29 .. 10 40 22 9 126 .. .. 1 025Other 5 108 9 800 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 22 200

Global total 19 032 34 291 3 683 625 979 10 267 2 729 5 166 19 333 856 2 680 99 641

Symbols used in this table:.. Indicates that data might be disclosive and have therefore been omitted- Indicates that the data is nil or less than £500,000

9.10 Trade in servicesBy type of service 2006


163

£ million

Royal- Personal,Computer ties Other cultural

Trans- and and busi- andport- Commun- Cons- Insu- Finan- infor- license ness recrea- Govern- Totalation Travel ications truction rance cial mation fees services tional ment services

Exports

European Union (EU27) total 6 921 8 775 2 181 335 650 16 900 3 689 2 292 16 041 846 806 59 436Belgium 386 263 47 12 20 790 154 54 1 081 19 .. 2 831Luxembourg 3 24 52 .. 11 856 .. 5 535 .. .. 1 524Denmark 981 253 38 .. 28 356 72 106 440 86 .. 2 371France 829 1 213 245 27 121 2 863 468 197 1 970 69 21 8 023Germany 784 1 350 439 12 100 3 686 821 218 2 778 80 36 10 304Ireland 741 1 034 276 212 65 1 376 914 555 1 922 82 8 7 185Italy 467 808 287 5 106 1 126 164 210 795 131 9 4 108Netherlands 746 591 240 8 64 2 410 399 307 3 438 49 8 8 260Russia 112 282 32 13 18 1 052 33 51 459 30 10 2 092Spain 1 294 959 232 18 35 1 415 126 131 778 101 12 5 101Switzerland 303 386 45 .. 57 2 061 .. 262 2 436 19 3 6 450Turkey 60 198 23 .. 14 220 36 20 130 9 .. 719Argentina 21 24 15 .. 9 14 2 6 28 .. .. 127Brazil 81 152 17 .. 18 .. 19 20 47 1 6 438Canada 354 582 48 1 221 658 46 45 470 18 30 2 473Chile 35 59 5 .. 12 5 – 2 .. .. 10 172Mexico 55 43 9 .. 32 80 5 25 78 .. .. 338United States of America 3 102 2 710 647 28 3 453 9 233 1 328 1 883 8 959 394 345 32 082China 405 465 24 4 13 226 15 51 181 .. .. 1 398Hong Kong 328 203 29 – 21 648 27 24 311 .. .. 1 623India 406 383 39 3 20 243 48 95 337 63 66 1 703Iran 9 38 6 .. 3 32 .. 4 50 .. .. 158Japan 456 248 .. .. 91 2 516 52 337 738 40 4 4 517Malaysia 38 115 13 .. 13 113 12 22 105 5 .. 443Philippines 28 25 .. .. 9 12 .. 4 18 .. 1 112Saudi Arabia 96 172 30 8 15 213 18 6 2 454 .. .. 3 020Singapore 490 104 22 .. 24 418 23 .. 547 .. 1 3 314South Korea 220 133 10 .. 7 256 23 63 213 .. .. 935Taiwan 91 87 5 .. 10 293 8 16 95 .. .. 627Thailand 47 75 13 .. 8 82 4 8 54 .. 5 304Australia 654 696 85 23 142 586 82 165 646 118 8 3 205South Africa 284 251 48 9 32 291 84 73 306 36 11 1 425Other 2 541 4 900 .. .. 737 .. .. .. .. .. .. 30 252

Global total 16 447 18 826 3 884 907 5 529 43 055 6 834 7 401 40 613 2 054 2 084 147 634

Imports

European Union (EU27) total 11 012 20 989 1 710 430 542 4 728 1 447 1 677 10 104 281 1 914 54 834Belgium 400 459 49 4 45 476 53 70 688 13 .. 2 285Luxembourg 37 48 .. .. .. 176 4 100 113 .. .. 485Denmark 502 124 17 18 14 63 34 39 163 16 6 996France 1 776 4 075 242 20 87 593 199 .. 2 018 29 .. 9 850Germany 991 898 584 103 132 1 429 453 242 2 163 37 1 315 8 347Ireland 575 1 052 180 107 40 787 232 78 809 21 46 3 927Italy 1 201 1 898 188 11 38 213 45 .. 856 .. 43 4 645Netherlands 712 683 109 78 71 379 182 209 1 007 43 27 3 500Russia 150 112 29 .. 14 81 6 11 434 .. 10 864Spain 2 318 6 317 162 9 30 252 74 27 664 19 145 10 017Switzerland 378 659 28 1 14 363 142 291 878 36 3 2 793Turkey 304 745 24 .. 14 25 .. 3 48 .. .. 1 170Argentina 11 54 .. – .. .. .. 1 17 .. .. 90Brazil 52 98 10 .. 6 .. .. .. 56 .. 8 282Canada 234 572 39 3 16 132 20 67 261 .. .. 1 397Chile 15 47 .. – .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 69Mexico 48 253 8 – 2 9 .. 3 31 .. .. 361United States of America 1 924 3 853 361 23 101 3 821 786 2 295 4 092 523 661 18 440China 321 288 51 .. 52 35 14 2 199 .. 7 1 001Hong Kong 146 164 29 .. 20 497 .. 4 304 .. 4 1 181India 340 846 80 1 11 46 257 2 210 .. .. 1 806Iran 12 16 .. – – .. .. .. .. – 1 40Japan 218 145 24 .. 22 790 6 557 1 248 .. .. 3 020Malaysia 49 118 13 – .. 11 2 .. 27 .. 3 231Philippines 43 68 11 – .. 1 .. .. 23 .. – 156Saudi Arabia 31 89 5 .. .. 14 .. .. .. 1 2 693Singapore 94 49 15 .. 14 180 34 12 492 6 .. 910South Korea 56 40 .. .. 8 66 2 .. 134 .. .. 314Taiwan 51 7 .. .. 7 126 .. .. 109 – .. 307Thailand 112 506 14 .. .. 11 .. .. 36 .. 2 691Australia 291 846 52 9 7 207 21 64 268 10 5 1 780South Africa 157 474 19 .. 8 43 12 .. 209 .. 3 935Other 5 087 10 555 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 23 279

Global total 18 636 36 158 3 538 753 1 016 12 010 2 825 5 149 21 754 926 3 097 105 862

Symbols used in this table:.. Indicates that data might be disclosive and have therefore been omitted- Indicates that the data is nil or less than £500,000

9.11 Trade in servicesBy type of service 2007


164

9.12 Trade in goods and servicesTop fifty UK trading partners

Exports ImportsGoods (£221bn in 2007) Services (£148bn in 2007) Goods (£310bn in 2007) Services (£106bn in 2007)

07 06 07 06 07 06 07 06

USA 1 1 USA 1 1 Germany 1 1 USA 1 1Germany 2 3 Germany 2 2 USA 2 3 Spain 2 2

France 3 2 Netherlands 3 3 Netherlands 3 4 France 3 3Ireland 4 4 France 4 4 France 4 2 Germany 4 4

Netherlands 5 5 Ireland 5 5 China 5 6 Italy 5 5Belgium 6 6 Switzerland 6 6 Belgium 6 5 Ireland 6 7

Spain 7 7 Spain 7 7 Norway 7 7 Netherlands 7 6Italy 8 8 Japan 8 8 Italy 8 9 Japan 8 8

Sweden 9 9 Italy 9 9 Ireland 9 10 Switzerland 9 9Japan 10 11 Singapore 10 10 Spain 10 8 Belgium 10 10China 11 15 Australia 11 11 Japan 11 11 Greece 11 11

Switzerland 12 10 Saudi Arabia 12 12 Hong Kong 12 12 India 12 13Canada 13 12 Belgium 13 13 Canada 13 16 Australia 13 12

India 14 18 The Channel Islands 14 14 Sweden 14 14 Portugal 14 14Russia 15 25 Norway 15 18 Russia 15 15 Canada 15 16

Hong Kong 16 16 Canada 16 16 Switzerland 16 17 Bermuda 16 17United Arab Emirates1 17 13 Denmark 17 15 Turkey 17 19 Sweden 17 15

Norway 18 24 Sweden 18 17 Singapore 18 21 Poland 18 24Australia 19 19 Russia 19 19 India 19 23 Hong Kong 19 28

Singapore 20 22 India 20 20 Poland 20 18 Turkey 20 20Poland 21 17 Hong Kong 21 24 Denmark 21 13 The Channel Islands 21 19Turkey 22 20 Cayman Islands 22 22 South Korea 22 24 Cyprus 22 18

South Africa 23 23 Luxembourg 23 26 South Africa 23 20 Norway 23 23Denmark 24 14 South Africa 24 23 Czech Republic 24 28 China 24 29

Finland 25 26 China 25 21 Finland 25 27 Denmark 25 22South Korea 26 27 United Arab Emirates1 26 25 Austria 26 26 United Arab Emirates1 26 27Saudi Arabia 27 30 Finland 27 27 Taiwan 27 29 South Africa 27 21

Portugal 28 21 Poland 28 29 Hungary 28 31 Singapore 28 26Czech Republic 29 31 South Korea 29 31 Australia 29 30 Russia 29 30

Austria 30 28 British Virgin Islands 30 30 Brazil 30 33 Austria 30 25Greece 31 32 Greece 31 34 Thailand 31 32 Saudi Arabia 31 32

Israel 32 33 Kazakhtstan 31 31 Malaysia 32 34 Thailand 32 31Brazil 33 35 Nigeria 33 28 Botswana 33 38 Egypt 33 33

Nigeria 34 39 Bermuda 34 33 Portugal 34 22 Luxembourg 34 36Malaysia 35 37 Turkey 35 38 Slovakia 35 – Czech Republic 35 35

Taiwan 36 36 Portugal 36 36 Israel 36 40 Barbados 36 34Brunei 37 – Taiwan 37 35 United Arab Emirates1 37 39 New Zealand 37 39

Hungary 38 38 Egypt 38 41 Algeria 38 42 Finland 38 40Mexico 39 40 Austria 39 37 Romania 39 43 Pakistan 39 38

Egypt 40 42 Czech Republic 40 49 Indonesia 40 41 Morocco 40 49Romania 41 41 Cyprus 41 47 Viet Nam 41 44 Kazakhtstan 41 37

Qatar 42 45 Hungary 42 44 Saudi Arabia 42 37 Hungary 42 41Thailand 43 43 Israel 43 42 Philippines 43 47 Mexico 43 44

Kuwait 44 48 Kuwait 44 43 Kuwait 44 48 Bulgaria 44 47Ukraine 45 – Malaysia 45 39 Luxembourg 45 25 South Korea 45 47

Pakistan 46 44 Brazil 46 40 New Zealand 46 – Malta 46 43Cyprus 47 34 Angola 47 49 Greece 47 45 Taiwan 47 –

Iran 48 49 New Zealand 48 46 Latvia 48 36 Israel 48 42Slovakia 49 – Qatar 49 – Belarus 49 49 Brazil 49 45

Malta 50 – Mexico 50 45 Mexico 50 – Malaysia 50 46

1 United Arab Emirates includes Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Sharjah, Ajman, Umm al Qaiwain, Ras al Khaimah and Fujairah


165


166

9.13 Trade in servicesTrading partners ranked1

Exports2007 2006 2007 2006 2007 2006

USA 32 082 28 801 Iran 158 209 Belarus 14 9Germany 10 304 9 758 Bangladesh 145 105 Guinea 14 25

Netherlands 8 260 7 591 Slovakia 141 112 Mali 14 8France 8 023 7 204 Kenya 136 99 Afghanistan 13 9Ireland 7 185 6 828 Ghana 132 66 Sierra Leone 13 17

Switzerland 6 450 5 588 Oman 129 122 Suriname 13 6Spain 5 101 4 425 Argentina 127 103 Belize 12 19Japan 4 517 4 274 Malta 125 86 Bolivia 12 18

Italy 4 108 3 656 Bahamas 123 82 Maldives 12 14Singapore 3 314 2 870 Lithuania 120 102 Mauritania 12 14

Australia 3 205 2 778 Philippines 112 99 Albania 11 13Saudi Arabia 3 020 2 701 Sri Lanka 110 105 Cambodia 11 18

Belgium 2 831 2 547 Liechtenstein 103 42 Chad 11 11The Channel Islands 2 758 2 506 Croatia 98 98 Dominican Republic 11 5

Norway 2 531 1 926 Latvia 90 68 Cuba 10 9Canada 2 473 2 019 Mauritius 89 85 Andorra 9 10

Denmark 2 371 2 313 Tunisia 80 91 North Korea 9 3Sweden 2 323 1 964 Viet Nam 73 76 St Vincent & the Grenadines 9 3

Russia 2 092 1 655 Morocco 72 85 Togo 9 5India 1 703 1 621 Equatorial Guinea 71 45 Democratic Republic of Congo 8 5

Hong Kong 1 623 1 275 Colombia 70 69 Guatemala 8 6Cayman Islands 1 564 1 370 Jordan 70 77 Moldova 8 12

Luxembourg 1 524 1 126 Trinidad &Tobago 66 61 Aruba 6 4South Africa 1 425 1 337 Slovenia 62 70 Cape Verde 6 5

China 1 398 1 411 Serbia & Montenegro 61 42 Costa Rica 6 10United Arab Emirates2 1 398 1 153 Mozambique 60 42 Dominica 6 9

Finland 1 171 1 060 Netherlands Antilles 60 50 Falkland Islands 6 15Poland 964 987 Fiji 56 55 Lesotho 6 3

South Korea 935 838 Barbados 55 88 Macao 6 8British Virgin Islands 910 905 Venezuela 55 68 Paraguay 6 6

Greece 907 769 Lebanon 54 57 U.S. Virgin Islands 6 5Kazakhtstan 895 901 Cameroon 47 54 Antigua & Barbuda 5 15

Nigeria 882 1 009 Ecuador 46 36 Bosnia & Herzegovina 5 9Bermuda 824 816 Yemen 44 20 Marshall Islands 5 11

Turkey 719 535 Zambia 44 55 Mongolia 5 6Portugal 655 563 Gabon 40 42 Swaziland 5 7Taiwan 627 571 Botswana 38 33 Benin 4 6

Egypt 618 453 Senegal 37 23 Burkina Faso 4 4Austria 607 546 Estonia 36 57 Eritrea 4 4

Czech Republic 503 346 Tanzania 36 46 Grenada 4 5Cyprus 501 353 Sudan 35 31 Honduras 4 3

Hungary 494 414 Uganda 35 33 Saint Lucia 4 4Israel 475 447 Ethiopia 34 26 Armenia 3 4

Kuwait 465 419 Myanmar 34 33 Laos 3 5Malaysia 443 490 Brunei 33 35 Rwanda 3 3

Brazil 438 484 Cote d`Ivoire 33 15 St Helena 3 1Angola 427 346 Syria 32 25 Turkmenistan 3 9

New Zealand 418 378 Tajikistan 32 28 America Samoa 2 1Qatar 355 248 Zimbabwe 32 21 Burundi 2 2

Mexico 338 387 Macedonia 31 25 El Salvador 2 3Pakistan 310 349 Namibia 31 23 Guam 2 1Thailand 304 286 Malawi 27 14 Haiti 2 2

Isle of Man 271 282 Panama 27 47 Kiribati 2 1Gibraltar 266 264 Papua New Guinea 26 29 Kyrgyzstan 2 9

Indonesia 245 284 Congo 25 10 Somalia 2 1Romania 243 162 Jamaica 24 40 East Timor 2 –

Azerbaijan 238 227 Guyana 22 29 Bhutan 1 3Ukraine 199 147 Liberia 19 9 Djibouti 1 1

Libya 194 167 Nepal 17 19 Guinea-Bissau 1 1Peru 192 111 Seychelles 17 17 Nicaragua 1 1Iraq 177 135 Uruguay 17 16 Niger 1 4

Iceland 174 186 Gambia 16 10 San Marino 1 1Algeria 173 141 Georgia 16 33 Solomon Islands 1 1

Chile 172 122 Madagascar 16 10 St Kitts & Nevis 1 4Bahrain 169 177 Turks & Caicos Islands 16 15 Tonga 1 2Bulgaria 163 117 Uzbekistan 16 19 Vanuatu 1 6

1 Any country not included in this table is estimated having Trade in Services of less than £500,0002 United Arab Emirates includes Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Sharjah, Ajman, Umm al Qaiwain, Ras al Khaimah and Fujairah

£ million


167

9.13 Trade in servicesTrading partners ranked1

Imports2007 2006 2007 2006 2007 2006

USA 18 440 16 762 Mauritius 114 136 Madagascar 10 7Spain 10 017 9 913 Bangladesh 112 121 Mozambique 10 7

France 9 850 9 619 Ghana 111 88 Chad 9 8Germany 8 347 7 960 Kuwait 111 109 Cote d`Ivoire 9 11

Italy 4 645 4 144 Azerbaijan 110 150 Paraguay 9 4Ireland 3 927 3 505 British Virgin Islands 100 79 Afghanistan 8 5

Netherlands 3 500 3 619 Lithuania 99 84 Malawi 8 8Japan 3 020 2 748 Slovakia 95 94 Turks & Caicos Islands 8 7

Switzerland 2 793 2 356 Tanzania 94 86 Honduras 7 3Belgium 2 285 2 133 Antigua & Barbuda 93 101 Anguilla 6 1Greece 2 251 2 008 Iceland 92 99 Belize 6 17

India 1 806 1 609 Latvia 92 84 Bolivia 6 9Australia 1 780 1 809 Argentina 90 116 Eritrea 6 6Portugal 1 695 1 429 Libya 88 56 Uruguay 6 13Canada 1 397 1 348 Andorra 85 70 Guatemala 5 10

Bermuda 1 241 1 198 Peru 84 75 Liberia 5 1Sweden 1 223 1 357 Dominican Republic 74 90 Netherlands Antilles 5 7Poland 1 203 957 Saint Lucia 73 54 Somalia 5 2

Hong Kong 1 181 844 Serbia & Montenegro 72 74 Armenia 4 2Turkey 1 170 1 094 Chile 69 39 Benin 4 1

The Channel Islands 1 153 1 126 Isle of Man 65 40 Bosnia & Herzegovina 4 2Cyprus 1 139 1 182 Oman 65 59 El Salvador 4 3Norway 1 038 1 013 Gibraltar 61 51 Mali 4 3

China 1 001 811 Bahamas 60 78 Rwanda 4 4Denmark 996 1 016 Cayman Islands 59 76 Georgia 3 3

United Arab Emirates2 981 856 Bahrain 56 36 Laos 3 1South Africa 935 1 025 Estonia 55 67 Lesotho 3 1

Singapore 910 866 Ecuador 49 28 Macedonia 3 1Russia 864 726 Trinidad &Tobago 48 51 Mauritania 3 3Austria 812 887 Costa Rica 45 21 Moldova 3 2

Saudi Arabia 693 670 Slovenia 43 53 Togo 3 3Thailand 691 686 North Korea 42 34 U.S. Virgin Islands 3 4

Egypt 594 604 Zambia 41 42 Aruba 2 2Luxembourg 485 526 Iran 40 61 Cape Verde 2 2

Czech Republic 482 536 Venezuela 38 30 Democratic Republic of Congo 2 2Barbados 458 547 Colombia 37 47 Equatorial Guinea 2 2

New Zealand 446 440 Ethiopia 37 28 Falkland Islands 2 2Finland 415 363 Zimbabwe 37 31 Sao Tome & Principe 2 4

Pakistan 413 486 Viet Nam 36 42 St Vincent & the Grenadines 2 3Morocco 382 239 Sudan 35 46 Suriname 2 –

Kazakhtstan 367 521 Uganda 32 39 Tajikistan 2 –Hungary 362 340 Fiji 29 41 Brunei 1 4

Mexico 361 275 Seychelles 26 27 Burkina Faso 1 2Bulgaria 334 240 Grenada 24 13 Burundi 1 1

South Korea 314 252 Liechtenstein 23 6 Comoros 1 –Malta 310 294 Albania 22 13 Cook islands 1 –

Taiwan 307 220 Belarus 21 19 Djibouti 1 2Israel 305 297 Lebanon 21 19 Dominica 1 4Brazil 282 263 Nepal 21 22 Guinea-Bissau 1 –

Malaysia 231 253 Gambia 20 12 Macao 1 2Nigeria 211 176 Jordan 18 28 Myanmar 1 4

Ukraine 195 76 Papua New Guinea 16 25 Niger 1 2Kenya 182 163 Congo 15 8 Solomon Islands 1 5

Tunisia 182 152 Guinea 14 8 St Helena 1 1Angola 179 226 Panama 14 9 St Kitts & Nevis 1 2

Romania 172 167 Syria 14 20 Swaziland 1 2Jamaica 161 162 Botswana 13 22Croatia 157 176 Gabon 12 6

Philippines 156 173 Sierra Leone 12 6Qatar 149 100 Guyana 11 7Cuba 142 125 Namibia 11 16

Algeria 140 77 Senegal 11 11Indonesia 125 138 Uzbekistan 11 9Maldives 124 127 Yemen 11 7

Iraq 121 91 Cambodia 10 6Sri Lanka 119 124 Cameroon 10 11

1 Any country not included in this table is estimated having Trade in Services of less than £500,0002 United Arab Emirates includes Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Sharjah, Ajman, Umm al Qaiwain, Ras al Khaimah and Fujairah

£ million


168

US$ million %

The UK as a percentage of:

World US Canada Japan France Germany Italy UK2 G7 total World G7

Exports

1995 1 230 521 217 460 26 128 65 274 84 090 81 838 61 619 84 544 620 953 6.9 13.61996 1 315 397 236 890 29 243 67 712 83 529 85 408 65 660 96 605 665 047 7.3 14.51997 1 364 176 254 317 31 596 69 303 80 790 82 735 66 991 107 366 693 098 7.9 15.51998 1 392 477 260 806 33 836 62 412 84 958 84 507 67 549 114 711 708 779 8.2 16.21999 1 440 044 279 610 36 117 60 998 81 635 83 922 58 788 123 840 724 910 8.6 17.1

2000 1 523 676 295 965 40 230 69 238 80 489 83 150 56 556 124 151 749 779 8.1 16.62001 1 528 678 283 054 38 804 64 516 80 125 88 714 57 676 126 393 739 282 8.3 17.12002 1 646 103 288 789 40 481 65 712 86 160 103 144 60 439 141 262 785 987 8.6 18.02003 1 894 850 301 053 44 242 77 621 98 814 122 560 71 767 167 313 883 370 8.8 18.92004 2 282 504 346 240 49 747 97 611 112 706 144 345 84 524 206 133 1 041 306 9.0 19.8

2005 2 544 590 384 612 55 313 110 210 118 762 155 894 89 204 217 309 1 131 304 8.5 19.22006 2 816 277 418 848 59 332 117 298 118 478 173 115 98 581 244 643 1 230 295 8.7 19.9

Imports

1995 1 255 631 141 500 33 473 122 626 66 117 127 200 55 050 66 924 612 890 5.3 10.91996 1 335 402 150 629 35 906 129 988 67 275 135 977 57 605 74 251 651 631 5.6 11.41997 1 371 654 166 478 38 013 123 454 64 164 129 647 59 227 79 849 660 832 5.8 12.11998 1 393 988 180 666 38 156 111 833 67 728 134 799 63 379 89 851 686 412 6.4 13.11999 1 449 788 199 204 40 573 115 158 63 158 141 001 57 707 98 656 715 457 6.8 13.8

2000 1 540 601 223 740 44 118 116 864 60 691 137 254 55 601 101 405 739 673 6.6 13.72001 1 559 327 221 764 43 843 108 249 62 372 141 916 57 753 101 625 737 522 6.5 13.82002 1 657 569 231 049 45 069 107 940 68 960 145 158 63 166 111 763 773 105 6.7 14.52003 1 886 610 250 328 52 454 111 528 82 898 169 162 74 332 130 351 871 053 6.9 15.02004 2 245 371 292 214 58 990 135 514 98 384 191 257 83 246 154 570 1 014 175 6.9 15.2

2005 2 482 707 315 632 65 333 134 256 105 582 202 684 90 046 170 224 1 083 757 6.9 15.72006 2 710 240 342 817 72 649 135 556 107 995 215 020 100 409 183 628 1 158 074 6.8 15.9

Balances

1995 75 960 –7 345 –57 352 17 973 –45 362 6 569 17 620 8 0631996 86 261 –6 663 –62 276 16 254 –50 569 8 055 22 354 13 4161997 87 839 –6 417 –54 151 16 626 –46 912 7 764 27 517 32 2661998 80 140 –4 320 –49 421 17 230 –50 292 4 170 24 860 22 3671999 80 406 –4 456 –54 160 18 477 –57 079 1 081 25 184 9 453

2000 72 225 –3 888 –47 626 19 798 –54 104 955 22 746 10 1062001 61 290 –5 039 –43 733 17 753 –53 202 –77 24 768 1 7602002 57 740 –4 588 –42 228 17 200 –42 014 –2 727 29 499 12 8822003 50 725 –8 212 –33 907 15 916 –46 602 –2 565 36 962 12 3172004 54 026 –9 243 –37 903 14 322 –46 912 1 278 51 563 27 131

2005 68 980 –10 020 –24 046 13 180 –46 790 –842 47 085 47 5472006 76 031 –13 317 –18 258 10 483 –41 905 –1 828 61 015 72 221

1 G7 country data is not yet available for 20072 The analysis of UK data is based on the all accounts totals shown in

table 3.1

Sources: G7 and world data provided by IMF;UK data provided by ONS

9.14 World total and G7 countries trade in services1

geographical breakdown of current account pink book: 2008 edition chapter 9: geographical breakdown...

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