Geography

Geography

• 3000 B.C.-146 B.C.• Greece has over 2,000

islands. • Mild winters• Long, hot and dry

summers.

• Port- a town or city with a harbor where ships load or unload.

• City-state- state that has its own government and has a city and the area around it

• Democracy- a form of government in which people choose leaders by voting

Greece=Peninsula• A piece of land almost surrounded by

water or projecting out into a body of water.–Are there any states that are

peninsulas in the United States?

Florida, Alaska, Michigan

Famous Mountain

Civilization• Means Hellas

–Called “Hellenes”

Greek Gods• Greeks were polytheistic or had

many gods

Mr. O’s favorite book

Gods were a family

• Each had specific powers/responsibilities–Poseidon-god of the sea–Hera-goddess of marriage

Creation of the world

• The universe had no shape…this was called Chaos.

• After Chaos there were more gods–Gaia= the Earth–Uranus=the sky.

• Greeks prayed for what they wanted–To feel better if they were sick–Animal sacrifices

Athena’s birth

Heracles 12 Labors

• Hydra

Cretan Bull

Stymphalian Birds

Cerberus

Greek Army

Weapons

Answer questions 1-4 about items 4, 6, 8, 12.

Item #1

Scourge

Item #2

Greaves

Greek Warfare

• 66 pound armor• Siege tower

Olympics

• Do you know any Olympic sports?

Olympics

• Physical fitness and mental discipline.–Honored Zeus

Olympics• Olympic festivals were a peaceful

– City-states normally at war

Events• Chariot races• Boxers and wrestlers

-Hand out article

Hippodrome (Race Track)

Events• Hoplitodrome- race wearing full armor • Pentathlon-5 events

– Jumping, javelin, sprint, discus, and wrestling

Farming

• Like Southern California– Mild winters and hot summers– Farm all year

• Olives and grapes

Wheat/Grains

• Greeks needed wheat/grain so they traded for it

Minoan Age

• 2000 B.C.-1400 B.C.• Writing System• Pottery• Sailors

Minoans lived on Crete

Minoans• Traded with Egypt and Mesopotamia• Built palaces

Palaces

• Plumbing • Big bathrooms• Murals on walls

Monarchy-1 ruler/king controls government

Oligarchy- few people rule government

Democracy- government by the people

Kings• How are kings chosen?• During Dark Age people in city-states shared

power with the king

Tyrants• Ruled by force and not stopped by the law

– Some were greedy and mean– Some fixed the Greeks’ problems

Why democracy?

• Tired of mean leaders• Share decision making• Share power• Many people can be heard

USA Democracy• President-elected• 3 branches-executive, judicial, legislative• Senate-2 senators per state• House of Representatives- based off

population

Women in Greece

AthensWomen

–Religious Role• Rituals, festivals, funerals

–Legal position• Could not inherit property• Did not appear in court• Not citizens

Women in Athens• Worked in the agora (marketplace)• Traded food and perfume • Some women were tavern-keepers or

woolworkers.

Sparta• High slave population

–Large army

• Women-Brought up like boys

•Physical training

Women in Sparta• Education in school • Gymnastics, singing, dance

– Girl running (photo)• Raise strong warriors

Famous Women in Greece

• Helen of Troy• Sappho (photo)

Greek Theatre

• Comedy-funny plays

• Satire-use of humor and exaggeration to make fun of people

• Tragedy-Hero has suffering, destruction, and distress

Actors changed masks to change roles

Theatre

• Jury of citizens judge the plays and give awards

• Plays put on at festivals and talked about Greek gods and heroes

• Businesses closed to watch festivals

Greek Theatre