geography for life: general overview & standard 1 learning progressions february 6-8, 2014
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Geography for Life:General Overview & Standard 1
Learning ProgressionsFebruary 6-8, 2014
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Geography for Life (1 of 3)
• The national geography standards were first published in 1994 by GENIP– While the Standards were
accepted by educators & academic geographers, their implementation was uneven and they failed to become institutionalized (Bednarz 2003, 100-101)
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Geography for Life (2 of 3)
• A revised edition was published in 2012– Emphasis on geospatial
technologies & the diversity of the discipline
– More guidance for teachers• A consensus of the geographic
community about what students should know and be able to do by the time they graduate from high school
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Geography for Life (3 of 3)
• Three components of geographic literacy– Geographic perspectives– Geographic knowledge– Geographic skills• The standards stress the importance of all three in
developing geographic literacy
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Geographic perspectives
• Geography is often described as a perspective
• Two perspectives– Spatial: Where? Why
there?– Ecological: How life forms
interact with the physical environment
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Geographic knowledge
• 18 standards grouped within 6 essential elements1. The world in spatial terms2. Places & regions3. Physical systems4. Human systems5. Environment & society6. The uses of geography
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Geographic skills
• 5 skills1. Asking geographic questions2. Acquiring geographic information3. Organizing geographic information4. Analyzing geographic information 5. Answering geographic questions• Through the development of these skills, students
acquire the necessary tools to think geographically
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Geography for Life: Grade Levels
• The (revised) standards provide guidance about what students should know & be able to at the elementary, middle, and secondary grades– Up to & including 4th grade– Up to & including 8th grade– Up to & including 12th grade
• As students progress through school, their geographic knowledge & skills should become more sophisticated
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Essential Element 1: The World in Spatial TermsStandard 1
• How to use maps & other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, & spatial thinking to understand & communicate information– See Sarah’s handout
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Sarah says:• Focus on the overall content of the standard– What a map is– How to make a map– How to use a map
• Don’t obsess over the exemplars / hypothetical activities
• The content knowledge builds from Grades 4 to 8 to 12
• The skills also build from 4 to 8 to 12 (more or less)
• We posited these “learning progressions” and now they need to be researched at a range of scales