geography revision weather, tectonic plates, earthquakes and volcanoes
TRANSCRIPT
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Geography revisionGeography revisionWeather, tectonic plates, earthquakes and volcanoesWeather, tectonic plates, earthquakes and volcanoes
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Where do volcanoes occur mostly and why?
•Volcanoes occur mostly on or near plate boundaries
•Volcanoes may erupt if a large richter earthquake occurs.
•there are also more likely to be faults were the volcanoes are
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Location of the pacific ring of fire
•On or near the plate boundaries
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Plate movements
•Converging - pushing towards each other
•Diverging- pushing away from each other
•Transform- rubbing against each other
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What is a hotspot?
•A hotspot is a point where magma rises up from the mantle and forces its way through the crust above.
•A hotspot is in the middle of a plate
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3 types of seismic waves
•1. Primary waves -
•2. Secondary waves-
•3. Surface waves-
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Layers of the earth
•Inner core, outer core, mantle and crust
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Weather vs Climate
•Weather is short term change in the atmosphere at a location
•Climate is the average weather conditions that are measured over a long period of time
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Weather symbols
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Effects that an earthquake has on human and natural
environments•NATURAL- the level of surface may be different
•The surface waves effect the surface
•There maybe cracks in the surface
•HUMAN- no electricity
•Buildings are destroyed
•Homes are ruined
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Definitions•Mantle- the magma layer within the Earth which is between the core and crust
•Crust- the external shell of molten material, which has hardened. The ocean and continents sit on it
•Pyroclastic flow- is a avalanche of rock, ash and lava that rushes down the mountain with devastating effects.
•Lava- magma, or molten rock, that erupts to the Earths surface.
•Crater- the opening on top of a volcano through which lava erupts
•Magma chamber- when two plate move apart, molten rock will flow upwards out of the magma chamber
•Subduction- the process by which, when two tectonic plates collide, one plate slides under another
•Epicentre- the point on the Earths surface directly above the focus of an earthquake
•Focus- the point within the earths crust where an earthquake begins
•Isobar- joins places of same air pressure
•Hectopascal- the unit of measurement used to show air pressure ( on a isobar)
•Volcanic bomb- are often solid pieces of lava from post eruptions that formed part of the cone
•Liquefaction - the process that occurs during an earthquake when soil loses strength due to mixing of ground water and soil particles.
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Where do you seismic Where do you seismic waves originate?waves originate?
Focus which later moves on to the epicenterFocus which later moves on to the epicenter