geologic time & the geologic time scale. rock units: supergroup group formation member bed time...
TRANSCRIPT
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Geologic Time & the Geologic Time
Scale
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Rock Units:Supergroup Group Formation Member Bed
Time Units:Eon Era Period Epoch Stage
How do we make sense out of a 1000 foot-thick
rock sequence?
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Geologic Time as a Linear Progression
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Geologic Time in one Hour
Hadean – Proterozoic eons Proterozoic & Phanerozoic eons
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Evolution of Life on Earth (in 1 hour)
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Earth’s Geologic Time in 100 Yards
Phanerozoic Eon begins between 12 and 11 yard lines
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Geologic Time as a Spiraling Line
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2009 Geologic Time Scale
Subdividing 4.6 billion years into smaller, more “manageable” intervals
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Time-rockEon EraPeriodEpochAge
Eonothem ErathemSystemSeriesStage
PhanerozoicCenozoicNeogeneEoceneBartonian
Time vs.
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RocksUpper
vs.Late Fossils
EoceneTime vs.
Don’t mix time units with rock units!
Meaning: Late Eocene fossils are found in Upper Eocene rocks.
So Periarchus lyelli (sand dollar) lived during the Priabonian age and fossils occur in rocks from the Priabonian stage.
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Pennsylvanian rocks in SE Kansas
Time Units
Time-Rock and Rock-Rock Units
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What’s in a Name?
Paleozoic rocks of Europe Western England
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Evolution of Western Interior Seaway, North America (Cretaceous Period)
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1980s
2009 Cenozoic Era – goodbye Tertiary, hello Paleogene/Neogene
Subdivisions were based on fossil content…
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If the type section for the Ordovician is in western England, how do we know rocks in Eastern
USA are the same age?
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…Relative dating and Biostratigraphy
Stratigraphic Correlation Through…
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Index fossils are:• Common• Widespread• Lived during a relatively short interval of time
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Surface Geology of South Carolina