geological forecast & exploration

Modern Technologies Co; Ltd. &

inlania enterprises Russian advanced technology for

Geological Forecast & Exploration. [email protected]

mailto:[email protected]



Methodology

To perform predictive of works the aerospace pictures taken in

different bands as visible and invisible region of the spectrum,

radar and laser data of remote sensing (ERS ). According to

the ERS can quickly give a Forecast & geological exploration

for potential mineral resources in a given area, to assess their

volume, depth and other parameters of the deposit, including

the assessment of drilling conditions on the vertical profile and

the recommended placement of the drill holes. In this case,

the accuracy of the Forecast & geological exploration

evaluation of at least 90%.

The Laboratory of Aerospace Methods, of xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

in Russia, have developed the original (non-domestic and

foreign counterparts) methods of structural analysis computer

for space images and air-structures-metric mapping relief

SAFIR

Discovery: a new computerized mechanism for the identifying the properties of

distributed data through an integrated analysis of the information that is

present in aerospace images in a hidden form.

Methodology: aerospace images captured in different ranges of the visible and

the invisible region of the spectrum, radar and laser remote sensing ERS

data.

Result: maps / geological profile set deposit / deposits, estimated volumes, the

depth, the exact location and depth of drilling

Accuracy of Forecast & geological exploration evaluation will achieve at least

90%.

Forecast & geological exploration for potential mineral

resources in the specified region

SAFIR

Saudi Arabia, Tabuk Electrical power station. We can see the water on the depth of 600m and we can see also

the pollution made from power-station .

Unified algorithmic system: This method has no analogues in the world

All the methods and techniques

of processing raw aerospace

images, automated interpretation

and cartographic modeling

together in a unified algorithmic

system.

It involves the use of various

software products: the original

software and algorithmic blocks,

commercial GIS, special

graphics unit that links traditional

geological mapping with multi-

parameter three-dimensional

graphics, etc. The whole

integrated set of development

tools used and the basic

elements used software are

original and have no analogues.

Вертикальный масштаб 1:200

Горизонтальный масштаб 1:35 000

6. ГЕОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ ПРОФИЛЬ ПО ЛИНИИ А-В, ПРОХОДЯЩЕЙ НА ШИРОТЕ 68 35'40" c.ш.о

0 2000 м400 800 1200 1500

Линия геологического профиляА - В

Шкала абсолютных глубин, м120

Рельеф дневной поверхности

Многовариантный прогноз содержания алмазов в условных блоках объёмом 10 м , карат/т3

0,10

0,10 0,160,01 0,060,03 0,13 0,18

Изолинейная модель

0,03

0,03

0,03

0,04

0,03

0,03

0,06

0,060,03

0,03

0,18

0,180,17

0,17 0,17

0,17

0,17

0,17

0,17

0,16

0, 16

0,16

0,16

0,13

0,13

0,13

0,13

0,13

0,13

0,10

0,10

0,10

0,10

0,10

0,10

0,060,06

0,06

0,06

0,06

0,06

0,06

0,06

0,03

0,03

0,03

0,03

0,03

0,03

0,03

0,03

0,01

0,01

0,01

0,01

0,01

0,01

0,01

0,01

270

280

290

300

310

320

260

230

240

250

220

А

210

200

27 20'o

27 18'o

27 16'o

27 14'o

27 12'o

27 10'o

27 08'o

В

190

160

170

180

150

SAFIR

Software modules and used techniques

In the initial stages of aerospace image processing uses the following modules:

• Programs and pre-graded structural metric correction to the image field;

• Piecewise Fourier transform of the image, allowing to highlight areas with

relatively minimal amplitudes of the harmonic components of the original

image, the image of the structural primary screening, ie translate it into binary

form using the algorithm Evans, releasing parts of the image with negative

Gaussian curvature;

• The selection background grid ring structures (of which there are hundreds of

thousands of 1 sq. km), overlaps and combination of which creates a complex

interference pattern;

• The consistent filtration binary structural images produced to detect circular

and elliptic structures;

• Comparative analysis of the images taken in different areas of the spectrum;

• Comparative analysis of the final image with a reference;

• "Unfolding" of the final image

Further general analysis and processing of materials includes 14 successive

phases, which are formed as a result of the deliverables.

SAFIR

Knockouts: all of the underlying processes and structures visible on the

surface of the Earth

Ultra-low frequency acoustic

oscillations (microseisms)

associated with developments

in the bowels of the planet

tectonic processes.

Effect "raying" the earth's crust

also explain tectonically

induced fracturing of its upper

floors.

The outward expression of

these processes on the Earth's

surface are called ring

structures.

These geologic bodies are in

the form of cones with vertices

(power generation centers) are

separated in depth and give a

projection on a horizontal plane

in the gravitational field of the

Earth's concentric circles.

Each point of hydrocarbon deposits, vibrating under the

influence coming from the Earth's energy, a source of

acoustic waves emitted constantly coming to the surface of

the earth cone.

SAFIR

Analysis of the ring structures: oil prospecting

Ring structure of a given radius

corresponds to a single point at a

certain depth, which is the apex of

the cone, the base of which is a ring

structure that was expressed on the

surface.

Each of these layers is then

subjected to a variety of pattern

recognition procedures, after which

performance can be judged that the

revealed structure is promising for

the search of oil and gas, has some

depth and power deposition, and the

amount is different than some of

saturated hydrocarbons, contains a

certain amount (mass )

hydrocarbons.

SAFIR

Structure-metric method

Processing aerospace information

Detailed Forecast & geological exploration estimation location (horizontal and depth),

quantitative (amount of resources) and quality (density, sulfur, waxes, and porosity of the roof, etc.) characteristics of the particular

structure of the deposit

Scale: 1 : 25 000; 1 : 10 000

Forecast & geological exploration

assessment boundaries, depth, power of productive layers, the

reserves Scale: 1 : 500 000 ; 1 : 100 000

Forecast & geological exploration-

estimated zoning (identifying deposits)

Scale: 1: 1,000,000

The recommended plan for the drilling of wells

Exploration stage

1 2

3 4

SAFIR

IRS-1C/1D (India)

Cartosat-1 (India)

CARTOSAT-2 (India)

Resourcesat-1 (India)

SPOT (France)

FORMOSAT-2 (TAIWAN)

Landsat (USA)

EROS (ISRAEL)

IKONOS (USA)

GeoEye-1 (USA)

QuickBird (USA)

WorldView-1 (USA)

KOMPSAT-2 (KOREA)

RADARSAT-1 (CANADA)

RADARSAT-2 (CANADA)

ENVISAT-1 (ESA)

TerraSAR-X GERMANY)

ALOS (JAPAN)

MODIS (USA)

ASTER (USA)

Ressours -01, MeTeop-3M

(Russia)

Satellites:

Orbit type: SUN-

synchronous, circular

Orbit height: 480-1100

km

Inclination: 97- 99 Dg

Cycle time: 98 -102 min

As the initial information the data obtained through the use of the following

hardware tools:

SAFIR

Materials structure-metric analysis

SAFIR

The original image Image after applying red light filter

The original image of the study area The result of the photometric correction

satellite image study area

SAFIR

Materials structure-metric analysis

Structural image of study area "Lattice" of the ring structure of the

study area

Materials to identify the ring structures

SAFIR

Identified ring structures and

crustal structure study area

SAFIR

The method of resonant scanning the Earth's surface

The raw materials for evaluation of gold

reserves in the study area

SAFIR

Depth 1300 m

Depth 1600 m

Depth 2400 m

The raw materials for determining the presence and parameters of oil

deposits in the study area

SAFIR

Depth 1300 M

Depth 1600 m

Depth 2400 m

Prognostic assessment of identified deposits

oil (isoline model)

SAFIR

GB OG 2-1 -4 K GB OG 2-1 -3 S

Options imaging test of sites

SAFIR

The starting materials for the parameters

Geothermal (depth 1100 m)

SAFIR

Initial materials for the determination of water sources

SAFIR

21

0

Scale : 1 : 1 000 000 0-th stage (strategic)

As a result of this phase of

research, we provide the

customer a list of projected in

the area of mineral resources

assessment of their (possible

testing of small-scale maps).

These data are used to

select limited areas for

further detailed studies.

This phase of the study

allows us to estimate all the

natural resources of the

country.

The strategic map of mineral resources and hydrocarbons in the

specified region

SAFIR

Map of underground water sources in Guinea-Bissau

1

At this stage A task (for

specific minerals or

hydrocarbons) schematic

map of predictive assessment

of the prospects in the area

under 1:1 000 000 (the first

iteration of the computerized

Forecast & geological

exploration evaluation of

minerals and hydrocarbons)

from the edge detection and

advanced features probable

reserves total amount

allocated for Subarea (sites).

Stage 1: the estimated Forecast & geological exploration-zoning

(identification of deposits)

SAFIR

1 1st stage: Forecast & geological exploration-estimated zoning (identifying deposits)

SAFIR

21

2 A more detailed analysis of the prospective area, the area, capacity, volume

Scale: 1 : 500 000 - 1 : 100 000

Schematic map of the Forecast & geological exploration promising areas

of occurrence of scale 1:500 000 (the second iteration of the

computerized Forecast & geological exploration evaluation) with the

characteristic of each prospective deposits:

- The area of occurrence

- Average capacity productive layers;

- Volumes productive layers;

- The average mineral content (hydrocarbons) in the reservoir;

volumes of probable reserves.

SAFIR

21

2 A more detailed analysis of the prospective area, the area, capacity, volume

Scale: 1 : 500 000 - 1 : 100 000

SAFIR

Deliverables

A schematic map of the adjusted Forecast & geological

exploration evaluation structures of minerals in the scale of

1:200 000 (1:100 000), text notes, and tables

For each reservoir are schematic map:

* The absolute depth of the roof of the reservoir

* The effective power of the reservoir.

+ Create a composite geological profiles that reflect the

absolute depth and effective capacity of each reservoir.

The scale and the total number of map-schemes drawn up

for each structure or license area, depend on the area of

mineral resources and the number productive layers. 22

3 Mesoscale Forecast & geological exploration estimation location

and quantity of mineral deposits

SAFIR

23

3 Mesoscale prognostic evaluation

SAFIR

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SAFIR

Г. Deliverables

Detailed maps of Forecast & geological exploration evaluation structures

promising for mineral extraction (1:10 000 - 1:50 000), and geological

profiles.

On these maps, profiles, in the text and tables given improvement of the

predictive characteristics of some of the most promising sites identified

structures corresponding to its content on the results in the third stage

of the qualitative characteristics including hydrocarbons (density, sulfur,

wax, etc. ) for each reservoir unit and explored the structures, a list of

those characteristics specified with the customer.

Additionally, in consultation with customers, create maps and tables

showing the evaluation of different planning options minimally adequate

seismic survey and evaluation of different variants of the drilling of

wells, pits, shafts.

28

4 Large-scale deployment and prognostic evaluation of

quantitative characteristics of hydrocarbons

SAFIR

29

4 Large-scale prognostic evaluation

SAFIR

30


SAFIR

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SAFIR

Testing step

diamonds

SAFIR

As a result of projected

work in the study area

revealed six areas

containing diamonds.

For each of the areas

previously defined

inferred resources - in

millions of carats.

At the end of Phase 1 for

further investigation, the

area number 1 - based

on the availability of the

area and the predicted

maximum diamond

resources within the

area.

1

SAFIR

Stage 1: a study of deposits of diamonds in a given area (zoning)

Stage 2: A Study of occurrence of diamonds in an area № 1

2

As a result of projected works,

within the study area identified

nine areas

occurrence of diamonds.

For each of the areas

previously defined inferred

resources - in millions of

carats.

At the end of stage 2 for further

investigation, the area number

1 - on the basis of cost-

effectiveness and projected

maximum capacity of diamonds

within a given range.

SAFIR

A more detailed study

shows that within the

range of number 1 and 8

structures found within the

area number 1 - 109.

Deposit number 1 (within

the range of number 1)

has the highest resource

(1.33 million carats) and

so the next step will be

carried out detailed

studies of it.

Step 3: Selection of structures within the area № 1 3

SAFIR

A B

Map shows the Forecast &

geological exploration estimate

of the average diamond content

of the ore (carats per tonne of

ore) in the form of a matrix

model.

Line AB - line profiling.

Stage 4: A detailed study of the structure of № 1

4

SAFIR

Map shows the Forecast & geological

exploration estimate of the average

diamond content of the ore (carats per

tonne of ore) in the format of isoline

model.

Bound regions of the line model with

the same level of minerals in the ore.

4 Stage 4: A detailed study of the structure of № 1

SAFIR

The map shows the geological profile,

which allows you to determine:

the depth of the ore body;

distribution of average grade diamond

grade (carats per tonne of ore) in

depth;

coordinates

Geological profile allows you to

prepare the data to determine the

recommended places emplacement

boreholes, the optimum location of

mine workings and their directions,

etc.

4 Step 4: The structure of the geological profile № 1

SAFIR

The main directions of use of ERS in Geology

* structural and structural meta-analysis of the surface of the Earth;

* analysis of local and global GIS anomalies;

* geological study of the area and a geological map;

* geo-ecological monitoring of exogenous geological processes:

Gravity (slope);

Karst-suffusion and their technological counterparts;

Erosion and abrasion;

Cryogenic;

• prediction of mineral resources:

Regional stage - assessment of predicted resources of oil and gas and mineral ore

provinces, mineralized zones and regions;

Detailed (search) stage - area Forecast & geological exploration, identifying oil and

gas and ore zones of ore districts and units;

Local (exploration) stage Forecast & geological exploration - exploration, estimation

of reserves;

• control the use of the license areas;;

• analysis and mapping of terrain;;

• Lithology;

• Geobotany;

• Infrastructure environment;

• Planetary cartography

SAFIR

Effective cost

Projections developed by the structural metric method,

compared to conventional exploration works:

· 3 times more accurate

· 1-2 times cheaper

· 1-2 times expeditiously,

· Do not disturb the ecological state of the territory.

Error in determining the depth and capacity of oil and

gas reservoirs according to numerous test wells do not

exceed 4 - 5% (at depths up to 4000 m.)

Productive horizons at depths of 7 km and more

evident on the shelf - at sea depths of up to 450 m

The most productive way:

Comprehensive predictive resource assessment of

license areas and territories, the tender for the right of

subsoil use

Detailed follow-up exploration producing fields

Detailed exploration of uncharted territories

Global average cost of traditional

exploration work:

in the search phase: 3-5

thousand dollars for 1 sq. m. km.

the exploration phase -

selecting (seismic and other

geophysical methods) places for

drilling: about 10 thousand

dollars for 1 sq. m. km.

Prospecting and exploration work

at the time stretched on for

years, and the success of

exploration drilling, with an

average of 25% to the actual

cost of each production well

drilling (about 3-7 million) are

added to the cost 10-28 million

dollars spent on the dry hole.

During the detailed exploration of

traditional sufficiently disrupted

ecological conditions and to

remedy these violations also

spent considerable funds.

SAFIR

The method provides

complete information for

the strategic

management of natural

resources of the state (of

the company).

The method is an

excellent tool for large

projects, delivers

significant cost and time

savings.

Cost efficiency:

Less expensive than any traditional method

Requiring no out in the study area

Saving of time:

A short time to do Forecast & geological explorationing

and assessment work

flexibility

The method is applicable to Forecast & geological

exploration the availability of all types of minerals, oil,

gas, metals, water, raw materials for the production of

building materials, etc.

Accuracy:

Prediction accuracy of 80 - 90%

In remote locations / offshore

Allows you to work in any area (no departure in the field)

water depth of up to 2 km depth studies of up to 10 km.

The method can be applied at any time of the year,

whatever the weather.

SAFIR

Competitive advantages

Portfolio

SAFIR

Shelf oil ALAK, Mexico

By order of the United

Mexican States of

industrialists was

performed prognostic

evaluation of

hydrocarbons to the

area two established

platforms in the Gulf of

Mexico. Customers

previously drilled to a

depth of 6,000 meters

wells were empty. The

depth of the bay at

these points reached

400 m

SAFIR

Our prognostic evaluation structures of each reservoir has shown that well

drilled on the edge of the reservoir. According to our development, both

significant reserves of structure Four layers, but drilled

well have been beyond recovery. This shows the conventional position erroneous

well 1 and the coordinates of 11, you want to move the drilling platform.

6 km

Shelf oil field ALAK, Mexico

SAFIR

We performed a deep study of the structure of deposits and showed her

multilayer

The profile A-B (was investigated and the second cut C-D) shows all the layers of the oil fields and two geodynamic Alak fault. After examination of the material at the request of the Customer we have developed four object with particular installation platforms in the Gulf of Mexico.

46

The shelf oilfield ALAK, Mexico

SAFIR

We carried out a test development single formation "Olympic" structure of the

Kaliningrad region, Russia

The project of "Lukoil": Olympic structure, Kaliningrad

SAFIR

The results of our projection is detailed development, and the depth

corresponds to the results of drilling.

Olympic structure: prognostic characteristics of the upper productive layer

SAFIR

Our study showed that the "Olympic structure" of the two layers and the second layer is 10-12 meters below the top (as did customers - only) reservoir. The so-called "empty" Well number 3 has been too productive after additional drilling.

Olympic structure: prognostic characteristics of the upper productive layer

SAFIR

SAFIR - a unique technology for the detection of water sources. With the

technology of SAFIR in Russia was opened a large deposit of water New

World.

New world water source

SAFIR

Линия геологического профиля

А - В

5. ГЕОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ ПРОФИЛЬ ПО ЛИНИИ А-В, ПРОХОДЯЩЕЙ НА ШИРОТЕ. Изолинейная модель

Шкала абсолютных глубин, м

700

А В

Рельеф дневной поверхности

Этап 2. ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА УЧАСТКА

0 200 400

Масштаб 1:20 000

800600

Граница геологического отвода

Многовариантный прогноз содержания золота, г/т

о

593

769

0,5

0,70

0,1

0,01

0,2

1,0

2,5

1,5

2,0

3,33

3,0

0,01

0,1

0,2

0,49

0,43

0,45

0,43 0,44

0,43

0,5

1,0

0,93

0,93

1,0

1,0

0,83

1,43

1,49

1,46

1,44

1,44

1,24

1,44

1,53

1,47

1,5

1,43

1,70

1,47 1,69

1,5

1,70

1,73

1,74

1,70

1,991,77

1,5

1,5

1,26

1,49 2,01

1,47

2,0

1,5

1,0

1,0

1,44

1,73

1,70 1,94

1,70

1,5

1,94

1,94

1,93

3,33

3,33

1,93

3,0

3,0

2,5

2,5

2,0

2,0

2,0

1,5

1,5

1,0

1,0

1,0

1,0

0,5

0,5

0,5

0,50,5

0,50,5

0,2

0,2

0,2 0,2

0,2

0,2

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0,1

0,1

0,1

0,1

0,1

0,1

0,01

0,01

0,01

0,01

0,1

1,0

1,5

0,2

Project to find gold in the

designated area lasted for 6

weeks.

We have presented a detailed

geological map with the

assessment of the concentration

of gold in the rock (g / t)

By agreement of confidentiality,

the place and the name of the

client's name is not disclosed

Gold deposit, Russia

SAFIR

Russian mining company has ordered

work to find tin in her area of interest,

Russia

Exploration was carried out in three

stages

We were represented by Forecast &

geological explorations of discovered

fields (over 90 tons)

By agreement of confidentiality, client

name and location of production are not

disclosed

Tin deposit, Russia

SAFIR

All geological maps and sections are based on digital data processed

by special computer programs

Tin deposit, Russia

SAFIR

For the client, presented the results

of detailed

intelligence indicating the

concentration

these raw materials in the identified

reservoirs

Tin deposit, Russia

SAFIR

Рис 7

48

Comparative analysis of the prognostic assessment of hydrocarbon deposits of the Timan-Pechora (scale 1: 1 250 000)

SAFIR

Predictive characteristics of the East Veyakskovo region field on the basis of structure-metric analysis. Rus.sia

50

SAFIR

52

SAFIR Prognostic characteristics (Geological profile)

60

The figure shows the results of the defining of the major litho logical boundaries between layers of

sedimentary rocks in the vicinity of geological borehole according to the circular frame two-dimensional

profile of length 2.55 km and a width of ± 850 m, with its axis passing through the hole. Structural metric

profile clearly registers buried graben, not detected in the morphology of the modern area. In addition,

attention is drawn to a higher granularity (compared to lithographic column wells) show thematically

significant litho logical boundaries of sedimentary rocks.

The results of studies of arid land - sandy desert in the UAE

The figure

shows the

profile that if

the well was

laid in 150

meters drilled,

the water flow

rate could be

increased

significantly.