Georgia Performance Standards for Fifth Grade

Mathematics Terms for Georgia’s (CRCT) Criterion Reference

Competency Test Administered in April of Each Year

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CRCT TermsLearned in 4th Grade

• Add and subtract decimals• Whole numbers/decimal computation• Angle measurement• Length, area, weight• Number sense

CRCT Terms Learned in 4th Grade

• Add/subtract fractions with like denominators ⅛ + ⅜ =

• Data usage/interpretation• Characteristics of 2D and 3D

shapes• Order of operation

CRCT Terms Learned in 4th Grade

• Fact Families –(See X and ÷ Power Points)

• Multiply 2 digits by 2 digits• Divide by a 2 digit number• Fractions- mixed, proper,

improper

CRCT Terms Learned in 4th Grade

• Estimate to determine if an answer to a math problem is reasonable such as products and quotients.

• Round to nearest 10, 100, 1000• Round decimal to nearest

whole number

CRCT Fifth Grade Math Concepts, Terms, and Skills

CRCT Fifth Grade TermsNumbers and Operations• Classify numbers into

prime/composite, and odd/even

• Find multiples and factors• Use divisibility rules

CRCT Fifth Grade Terms(See May Vocabulary Power Point)

Factors – the numbers that are multiplied to give a product

e.g. 1x2=2, 3x 5= 15, 4 x8= 16

1, 2, 3, 5, 4, 8, are factors.Prime number- can only be divided evenly by 1 and itself. A prime number has no factor except itself and 1. Three (3) and seven (7) are prime numbers.

CRCT Fifth Grade TermsComposite numbers- a whole number greater than one that has more than 2 factors. Any number greater than one that is not prime is a composite number.Remember: 0 and 1 are not prime numbers or composite numbers.

CRCT Fifth Grade TermsGreatest Common Factor

GCF – the greatest number that is a factor of each of two or more numbers.

Greatest is the biggest or largestCommon is something shared or in commonFactors are the parts of multiplication facts

Can you find the GCF of 6 and 10 ?: Ask: Can you ÷ 6 by 2 or 3? Yes- answer is 2 and 3Can you ÷ 6 by 1 or 6 ? Yes-answer is 1 and 6Can you ÷ 10 by 2 or 5? Yes-answer is 5 and 2Can you ÷ 10 by 1 or 10? Yes-answer is 1 and 10

Ask: What factors are common? 1 and 2 are the two factors that are common; therefore, 2 is the GCF.

CRCT Fifth Grade Terms• Place Value – the value determined by the

position of a digit in a number. (e.g. ones, tens, hundreds, thousands, ten thousands, hundred thousand, one million, …… )

Analyze the effect on a product when you multiply a number by 10, 100, 1000 , 0.1 and 0.01

onestenshundredsthousandsTen

thousands

3, 2 1 1, 5 3 43, 2 1 1, 5 3 4

Hundredthousand

Onemillion

CRCT Fifth Grade Terms• Decimal point – a period put

before a decimal fraction. The periods in .5 and .30 are decimal points.

• Numerator/common denominator¼ ¼ + ¾ =

Denominator –bottom number

Numerator-top number

common denominators4 is the common denominator

CRCT Fifth Grade Terms

• Picture Graphs/Venn Diagram(See May Power Point)

• In math, a Venn Diagram is used to show relationships between sets. In prewriting, it is used to organize thoughts.

• In language arts, a Venn Diagram is used to compare or contrast 2 subjects, 2 places, 2 things, or 2 people.

Venn DiagramUsed to Compare and Contrast

CRCT Fifth Grade TermMeasurement

(See November Power Point)• Measure and compare -inch, foot, yard,

centimeter, meter, milliliter, liter, cup, pint, quart, gallon, etc. (See November Power Point)

• Compute volume using formulas with units of cubic centimeters ( cm ), cubic meter (m cubic inch ( in ), and cubic yard (yd ).

• Protractor – an instrument used to draw and measure angles

3 33 3

protractor

CRCT Fifth Grade TermsMeasurement

• cube- to take a number as a factor three times ( 3 cubed is 27 )

• cubic – the volume of a cube whose edge is a specified unit (cm )

• cubit – a unit of length usually equal to about 46 centimeters

3

CRCT Fifth Grade TermsGeometry

( See December/January Power Points)• Understand the formula of a

parallelogram(e.g. cut it apart and rearrange it into rectangle with the same area)

• Find the area of triangles and parallelograms using formulae

• Estimate the area of a circle using pi = 3.14 (╓ ≈ 3.14)

CRCT Fifth Grade TermsGeometry

• Geometry Shapes/Plane Figures –triangles, squares, rectangles, trapezoid, quadrilateral, pentagon, hexagon (See December Power Point)

• Irregular Polygons-according to number of edges –Vertices (See January PowerPoint)

• Size of angles- right angle, obtuse angle, acute angle

(See January Vocabulary Power Point)

CRCT Fifth Grade TermsGeometry

• Polygon - a closed figure made by joining line segments, where each line segment intersects exactly two others

• Regular polygon- a polygon whose sides are all the same length and has angles all the same

• Irregular polygons- have different lengths and angles of differing measures (See Irregular Polygons on this CD)

Vertex/vertices

Vertex- the point at which the sides of an angle meet

vertex

ray

• Ray – a straight line extending from a point in one direction only

Pentagon – a flat shape with five sides. The sum of the angles is 540°.

Hexagon – a shape with six straight sides. The sum of the angles is 720°.

1

2

3

4

5

6

Trapezoid

Trapezoid –a 4 sided polygon having exactly one pair of parallel sides. The sum of the angles is 360°.

Quadrilateral – a figure of four sides and four angles. It is a four sided polygon.The sum of the angles is 360°.

90° 90°

90° 90°

90° x 4 sides = 360°

quadrilateralquadrilateral

CRCT Fifth Grade Terms

• Congruent – figures that have the same size and shape

• Arrays- (See September Power Point)

• Grid – a network of horizontal and perpendicular lines used a a model or representation of something

(Must be able to model percent on 10 by 10 grid.)

CRCT Fifth Grade TermsMath Symbols

- Difference - means to subtract (See September Power Point)

% Percent – a part of a fraction of a whole expressed in hundredths

╓ Pi - represents the ratio of the circumference of a circle to itsdiameter or about 3.14

CRCT Fifth Grade TermsAlgebra

• Represent/investigate the relationships between quantities algebraically

• Substitute numbers for the unknown

• Use variables such as n or x for unknown quantities

CRCT Fifth Grade TermsData Analysis

• Analyze data presented in a graph• Collect, organize and display data

using such graphs as circle, line graphs, bar graphs, etc.

CRCT Fifth Grade TermsWord Problems

• Solve word problems using the appropriate math strategy

• Solve single and multi-step word problems

• Determine the operations needed to solve the word problems

• Determine the most efficient way to solve the problem, e.g. mental math, paper and pencil or calculator

CRCT Fifth Grade TermsProblem Solving Strategies• Brainstorm• Make a table• Work backward• Use or look for a pattern• Make a picture or diagram• Guess and check• Make an organized list• Use logical reasoning