geoscience day starters. 1.over the course of their lifetimes, trees will do what to the level of...

Geoscience

Day starters

1. Over the course of their lifetimes, trees will do what to the level of gasses in the atmosphere?

a. Nothing, O2 and CO2 level will remain constant c. O2 will be increased

b. CO2 will be decreased d. CO2 and O2 will both increase

2. A meteor is

3. On the ground c. In space

4. Falling through the air d. Lost

a. About how much of the water (on Earth) is salty?

b. 3% c. 25%

c. 75% d. 97%

d. Meteorology is the study of

e. Things in the air c. Meteors

f. Rocks falling from space d. The atmosphere

g. According to Mr. Monroe, the two best indicators of future success are

h. Good notes and attendance c. Being quiet and good notes

i. Attendance and reading ahead d. Reading soon after lecture, and attendance

j. I should start studying for the final

1. Three days before them c. At mid-term exams

2. At parent – teacher conferences d. Now

1. The study of how the different spheres of the Earth interact is called

a. Geoscience c. Earth Science

b. Geospherology d. Earth Systems

2. A meteor is

a. On the ground c. In space

b. Falling through the air d. Lost

3. Humans are part of the

a. Hydrosphere c. Biosphere

b. Atmosphere d. All of the above

4. Meteorology is the study of

a. Things in the air c. Meteors

b. Rocks falling from space d. The atmosphere

5. According to Mr. Monroe, the two best indicators of future success are

a. Good notes and attendance c. Being quiet and good notes

b. Attendance and reading ahead d. Reading soon after lecture, and attendance

6. I should start studying for the final

a. Three days before them c. At mid-term exams

b. At parent – teacher conferences d. Now

1. What is the most effective greenhouse gas in the atmosphere, the most significant?

a. Carbon dioxide c. Methane

b. Water vapor d. Carbon monoxide

2. Where is most of the CO2 on the earth held?

a. Atmosphere c. Ocean

b. Geosphere d. Biosphere

3. About how much of the air is Carbon dioxide

a. 1% c. 10%

b. Less than 1/2 of 1% d. 5%

4. What kind of water holds the most carbon dioxide?

a. Warm c. Cold

b. Wet d. Friendly

5. About how much more carbon dioxide is there in the atmosphere, than their was in 1850?

a 10% c. 20%

b 30% d. 100%

1. What is the most effective greenhouse gas in the atmosphere, the most significant?

a. Carbon dioxide c. Methane

b. Water vapor d. Carbon monoxide

2. Where is most of the freshwater H2O on the earth held?

a. Atmosphere c. Ground

b. Glaciers d. Biosphere

3. About how much of the air is Carbon dioxide?

a. 1% c. 10%

b. Less than 1/2 of 1% d. 5%

4. What kind of water holds the most carbon dioxide?

a. Warm c. Cold

b. Wet d. Friendly

1. About how much more carbon dioxide is there in the atmosphere, than their was in 1850?

a 10% c. 20%

b 30% d. 100%

1. What marker goes through Greenwich, England?

a. Equator c. English Meridian

b. Line of Longitude d. Prime Meridian

2. Which lines go north and south on a globe are

a. Latitude c. Great circles

b. Longitude d. Equations

3. This is a

a. Mercator Projection c. Robinson Projection

b. Topographical Map d. Conical Projection

4. This is a

a. Mercator Projection c. Robinson Projection

b. Topographical Map d. Conical Projection

5. A GPS coordinate system uses how many satellites?

a. Two c. Three

b. Four d. Five

1. Density is what?

a. Volume minus mass c. Mass divided by volume

b. Volume divided by mass d. Mass minus volume

2. What do you call it when one puts rocks into water, and the water rises?

a. Replacement c. Displacement

b. Abplacement d. Removal

3. How does one find the volume of a cube of wood?

a. L x W x H c. L + W + H

b. Put it in water d. Find the mass

4. What floats on water?

a. Rocks c. Oil

b. Grass d. Anything lighter

5. What is the mass of 1 mL of water?

a. _____________________

6. What is the density of 1 ml of water? ______ 7. What is density of 3.5 ml of water?________

1. The correct term for fossilized dinosaur feces is ……. 84

a. Diorite c. Coprolite

b. Sterilite d. Permineralite

2. What kind of fossil gives only evidence of past life, without an actual artifact? 64

a. Index Fossil c. Cast and Mold

b. Trace Fossil d. Fossil of unaltered remains

3. Amber would be fossils of what? 60



4. Which of the following is needed for good fossil preservation

a. Hard parts, oxygen, fast burial c. Water, no oxygen, fast burial

b. Water, soft parts, fast burial d. No oxygen, Hard Parts, Fast burial

5. A half life is …..? 88

a. 5,730 years c. The time it takes for 50% of a radioactive element to decay

b. Changing all of the time d. Only reliable for 50,000 years

1. What kind of fossil gives only evidence of past life, without an actual artifact? 83



2. Amber would be fossils of what? 81



3. A material has 80 grams of a radioactive substance, and the half-life of the substance is 5 days. How many grams of the substance will remain after 8 half lives? 26

(compute your answer, and write it on the back of the scantron. Do not turn in your scantron until it is corrected as a class)

4. Which would be more accurate, the carbon-14 dating of an organism that has been DEAD for 4,000 years, or the dating of an organism that has been dead for 40,000 years. 55

a. 4,000 years c. It would be the same

b. 40,000 years d. C-14 dating would not be accurate for either

5. What kind of burial would be needed for a fossil to form? 53

a. Warm wet soils c. Dry soils, lots of oxygen

b. Rapid burial of hard parts d. Slow burial on the surface of land

1. A material has 80 grams of a radioactive substance, and the half-life of the substance is 5 days. How many grams of the substance will remain after 30 days?


2. Which would be MORE ACCURATE, the carbon-14 dating of an organism that has been DEAD for 2,000 years, or the dating of an organism that has been DEAD for 75,000 years.



3. Which of the following situations would most likely result in the creation of a fossil?

a. Warm wet soils, and rapid burial c. Dry soils, lots of oxygen, soft part of animal

b. Rapid burial of hard parts and teeth d. Slow burial on a river bank

4. What is the longest era, by far?

a. Cenozoic c. Mesozoic

b. Paleozoic d. Precambrian

5. Which era is called the age of the fishes?

a. Paleozoic c. Precambrian

b. Cenozoic d. Mesozoic









4. A burrow would be what kind of fossil?

a. Trace c. Cast and mold

b. Fossil of original remains d. Fossil of carbonite reduction

5. What kind of water would hold the most CO2 in storage?

• Cold and low pressure c. Cold and high pressure

• Warm and low pressure d. Warm and high pressure

1. Who was the father of modern geology?

a. Dr. Barb D. Wire c. Richard Tarbuck

b. Wagener d. Hutton

2. The law that states the “the past indicates the future, changes are slow but constant” is called what?

a. Law of original horizontality c. Concept on continuity

b. Law of superposition d. Law of uniformitarianism

3. Most fossils are found in what type of rock?

a. Sedimentary (laid down and compressed soils) c. Igneous (fire formed)

b. Metamorphic (partially melted and squeezed) d. Basalt

4. Which law would the bombardment of Earth, by meteoroids, obey?

a. Law of catastrophism c. Law of uniformitarianism

b. Law of the aliens that sent them!! d. Law of hydrology

5. Next Page

5. Which is older, the sandstone or the conglomerate?

6. Which law says that #5 is so?

7. Place the Sandstone, Dike “A”, Sill, Shale and Conglomerate in order of creation.

5. Which is older, the sandstone or the conglomerate?

6. Which law says that #5 is so?

7. Place the Sandstone, Dike “A”, Sill, Shale and Conglomerate in order of creation.

Probably Sandstone, Conglomerate, Shale, Sill and Dike “A”

The Sill could actually go anywhere between sandstone and Dike “A”


(compute your answer, and write it on the back of the scantron. Do not turn in your scantron until it is corrected as a class) Put “B” in question 16, if you got it right. Put “C” if you did not


3. 2,000 years c. It would be the same

a. 75,000 years d. C-14 dating would not be accurate for either




4. What is the longest era, by far?

a. Cenozoic c. Mesozoic

b. Paleozoic d. Precambrian

5. Which era is called the age of the fishes?

a. Paleozoic c. Precambrian

b. Cenozoic d. Mesozoic

What is the name for the process when one plate is going “under” another? a. Convergence c. Subductionb. Transformation d. Transverse

2. Where is the Ocean getting “bigger”?a. mid-ocean ridge c. oceanic trenchb. north and south poles d. equator

3. What is the term that means that the ocean crust is being pushed under the continental crust?a. diversion c. subductionb. conversion d. transform4. What is the fossil that marks the end of the Precambrian era, and the start of the Paleozoic era?

a. Stromatolite c. Dioriteb. Trilobite d. Cynobite

5. Where would ocean rocks be the oldest?a. near the middle of the ocean c. near the coast of continentsb. near the north and south poles d. near the equator

6. What word means the study of ancient magnetism on Earth?a. magnetology c. paleomagnetismb. historical magnetism d. neomagnetism

What is the name for the process when one plate is going “under” another? a. Convergence c. Subductionb. Transformation d. Transverse

Where is the Ocean getting “bigger”?a. mid-ocean ridge c. oceanic trenchb. north and south poles d. equator

What is the fossil that marks the end of the Precambrian era, and the start of the Paleozoic era?a. Stromatolite c. Dioriteb. Trilobite d. Cynobite

In what country (or continent) does glacial till (dirt from a glacier) give evidence of continental drift?a. Asia b. North America c. Europe d. Australia e. India f. China h. Antarctica

What is the name of the fossil animal that is on the west coast of Africa, east coast of S. America?a. Trilobite b. Stromatolite c. Slausosaurous d. Pleaseasour e. Mesosaur

About how many times has Mr. Monroe seen “Supervolcano”?a. 5 b. 10 c. 20 d. 30

What does Mr. Monroe have against that little boy?a. He doesn’t respect the power of volcanoes b. He wrecks good coffeec. He doesn’t get all “A’s” d. Mr. Monroe likes no one

The core of Earth is made of a. Iron, Nickel and heavy metals c. Basaltb. Granite d. Carbon

The first atmosphere of Earth (after H and He) was made of acids, water vapor, nitrogen anda. Oxygen c. Carbon dioxideb. Methane d. Carbon monoxide

The most recent super-continent was nameda. Rhodenia c. Pangeab. Lauentia d. Panima Ultima

The best index fossil for the end of the pre-cambrian era isa. Stromatilite c. Trilobiteb. Mesosarous d. Declopodia

A type of oxygen molecule, with three oxygen atoms combined isa. Ozone c. Trizoneb. Oxygen trihydrate d. Trioxygen

The heating of the early Earth was by radioactive decay, meteor bombardment anda. The Sun c. Gravityb. Cosmic rays d. Nearby supernovae

The longest era by far is a. Paleozoic c. Cenozoicb. Mesozoic d. Precambrian

The age of the fishes was thea. Paleozoic c. Cenozoicb. Mesozoic d. Precambrian

The human species that lost to homo sapiens wasa. Stupid othipicas c. Neanderthalsb. Austro antichipus d. Sou theastinous

The kind of light that is stopped by ozone isa. Visible c. Infra-redb. Ultra violet d. Gamma

We live in what epoch?a. Sapiens c. Holoceneb. Cenozoic d. Mesozoic

Dinosaurs ruled which time frame?a. Paleozoic c. Cenozoicb. Mesozoic d. Precambrian

New Earth is formed near what feature? For those of you who like to split hairs, the age of the atoms are the same. We speak of the time when the molten material hardened into stone.a. Subduction zone c. Lithosphereb. Mid-ocean ridge d. Epicenters

Plates tend to move about the Earth. Why do they move about in such a manner? You may have more than one answer.a.Convection currents c. Slab pullingb.The speed of the Earth’s rotation d. Hot spot displacement

Yellowstone is a hot-spot, supervolcano. What plate does the hot spot come up through?a.Wyoming plate c. Colorado plateb.North American plate d. Pacific Plate

Things will become very “interesting” off of the Pacific Northwest coast. This is because of the subduction of what plate?a.Pacific plate c. Juan de Fuca plateb.Cocos plate d. North American plate

The farther inland one goes, the location of earthquakes change. How do the location of earthquakes change?a. They are shallower (closer “up”) c. They are neared the shorelineb.They are deeper into the Earth d. They are more northerly

What was the name of the last major volcano in the continental United States?a.Mt. Hood c. Mt. Saint Helensb.Mt Rainer d. Mt Cascadian

1. In what kind of plate boundary do the plates slide past each other?a. Divergent c. Convergentb. Transform fault d. Revergent

2. What will form when ocean crust subducts under ocean crust?a. Mountain chain c. Island Arcb. Divergent plate boundary d. Transform plate boundary

3. Where does a trench form?a. Divergent boundaries c. Convergent boundariesb. Transform fault boundaries d. Revergent areas

4. Which of the following is a transform plate boundary?a. Los Angeles c. Himalayas Mountainsb. Yellowstone d. Mid Ocean Ridges

5. Where is new Earth formeda. Mountain chain c. Island Arcb. Divergent plate boundary d. Transform plate boundary

6. What is the best evidence of sea-floor spreading?a. The mid-ocean ridge c. The continental trenchb. Magnetic reversal of sea-floor sediment d. Fossils

7. What system uses sound waves to calculate the distance to an object?a. Radar c. Sonarb. Freemantle d. Fathomization

8. What is the letter of the description of a subduction zonea. where an oceanic plate is forced beneath a second plateb. where an oceanic plate grinds past a second platec. where a continental plate grinds past a second plated. where an oceanic plate moves away from a second plate

9. A “hot spot” is responsible for what geological structure?a. Himalaya mountains c. Mid-ocean ridgeb. Iceland d. Yellowstone

10. Where is new Earth createda. Mid ocean ridge c. Subduction zoneb. “hot spots” d. Transform zones

1. Igneous

a. Changed form c. From volcanoes

b. From fire d. Hot

2. Intrusive

a. Into other rocks c. Stayed in Earth

b. Came into the surface d. Cooled quickly

3. Granite

a. Pinkish, large crystals c. Pinkish, small crystals

b. Dark, with variety of crystals d. Extrusive with large crystals, and is pink

4. Pumice

a. From Hawaii, dark, no crystals c. From Hawaii, light, large crystals and air pockets

b. Light, air pockets, pale color d. Pale color, solid, no air pockets

c. Basalt

d. Dark, dense, continental crust c. Dark, light, continental crust

e. Dark, light, oceanic crust d. Dark, dense, oceanic crust

f. Andesite

3. Grey, unseen crystals, air pockets c. Extrusive, large crystals, pale in color

4. Grey, very small (but visible) crystals, solid d. From Andes mountains, pale with small air pockets

a. Scoria

b. Just like pumice, but with a higher iron content c. Solid, with large crystals and many air pockets

c. Volcanic glass (dark black) d. Also called “rose quartz”

1. Igneous

a. Changed form c. From volcanoes

b. From fire d. Hot

2. Intrusive

a. Into other rocks c. Stayed in Earth

b. Came into the surface d. Cooled quickly

3. Granite



4. Pumice

a. From Hawaii, dark, no crystals c. From Hawaii, light, large crystals and air pockets

b. Light, air pockets, pale color d. Pale color, solid, no air pockets

5. Basalt

6. Dark, dense, continental crust c. Dark, light, continental crust

7. Dark, light, oceanic crust d. Dark, dense, oceanic crust

6. Batholith

3. Covers 100’s of square kilometers c. Covers 10’s of square kilometers

4. Means “lake of rock” d. Moves horizontally through rock layers

7. Stock

a. Covers 100’s of square kilometers c. Covers 10’s of square kilometers

a. Means “lake of rock” d. Moves horizontally through rock layers

1. Clastic 94

a. Dissolved in water c. Made of other things

b. From fire d. Changed form

2. Slow cooling results in 74

a. Large crystals, smooth texture c. Small crystals, smooth texture

b. Small crystals, rough texture d. Large crystals, rough texture

1. Granite 76



2. Coquina 83

a. Made of fossils c. Made of sea shells

b. Pinkish, smooth texture d. Igneous, intrusive rock

1. Felsic 72

2. Dark, dense c. Pale

3. Dark, not dense d. Dark

6. Batholith 78


b. Means “lake of rock” d. Moves horizontally through rock layers

7. Stock 76


a. Means “lake of rock” d. Moves horizontally through rock layers

1. Large crystals indicatea. Fast cooling c. Smooth textureb. Slow cooling d. Rough texture

2. Metamorphism needsa. High heat c. High pressureb. High heat and pressure d. Magma

3. Contact metamorphism occurs in the presence ofa. High heat and water c. High heatb. Water and cementation fluids d. Silicon

4. The bands of color on a metamorphic rock are calleda. Bands of density c. Bands of foliationb. Bands of cleavage d. Color differentiation

5. The bands of color on a metamorphic rock are a result ofa. Characteristics of the minerals in the rock c. Differences in heat during formationb. Elevation changes during formation d. Pressure differences during formation

6. “Hot Spots” are located overa. Magma rising to the surface of the Earth c. Convergent plate boundariesb. Divergent plate boundaries d. The ring of fire

7. The source of heat in the Earth is a result ofa. Meteors early in the History of Earth c. Radioactivity of the Iron coreb. Radioactivity of Uranium and other elements d. Gravitational contraction

e. All except “C”8. The difference between pumice and scoria is

a. The rate of cooling e. Densityb. The iron content f. Location of volcano that made itc. The ratio of mass to volume g. “a”, “b” and “e”d. “b”, “c”, “e” and “f” h. All except “a”

1. What two elements made up the first atmosphere of the Earth?

_____________________ , ______________________

2. What four things are responsible for the high temperatures in the Earth's core?

_____________________ , ______________________

_____________________ , ______________________

3. Put the four eras in order, from oldest to youngest.

Eldest________________ , 2nd Eldest__________________

Third Eldest____________ , Youngest___________________

4. What is the percentage of the Solar System's mass that is found in the Sun?

5. The name of the flattened gas cloud that formed the Solar System is what?

__________________________________________________

1. What two elements made up the first atmosphere of the Earth?

Hydrogen____ , Helium___________

2. What four things are responsible for the high temperatures in the Earth's core?

Meteors______ , Residual Heat_________

Radioactivity_________ , Gravitational Contraction (pressure)__________

3. Put the four eras in order, from oldest to youngest.

Eldest___Precambrian___ , 2nd Eldest___Paleozoic

Third Eldest__Mesozoic_ , Youngest__Cenezoic__

4. What is the percentage of the Solar System's mass that is found in the Sun?

99?

5. The name of the flattened gas cloud that formed the Solar System is what?

_____Accretion Disk_____

Why did the rocky planets form closest to the Sun?

a. More gravity c. More heat

b. Faster orbits d. More chemicals

What is the term used when planets form from smaller pieces of matter?

a. Condensation c. Accretion

b. Differentiation d. Nebulation

Which planet in the Solar System will float, if you could find a bathtub big

enough?

a. Mercury c. Jupiter

b. Saturn d. Uranus

Why does the “inner part” of the Solar System spin faster than the “outer parts” of the Solar System?

a. Gravity conservation c. Accretion speed

b. Doppler effect d. Conservation of momentum

Why does the Earth stay at about 26º tilted to the ecliptic?

a. Gravity of the Sun c. Gravity of the moon

b. Conservation of momentum d. Momentum

Where are the asteroids?

• Between Earth and Mars c. Between Mars and Saturn

• Between Mars and Jupiter d. Wherever Chuck Norris wants them to be

1. When the solar system was new, it was in a cloud known as a

a. Accretionary disk c. Interstellar cloud

b. Big bang cloud d. Solar cloud

2. The solar system began to “clump together”. This process is known as

a. Condensation c. Accretion

b. Deflation d. Convection

3. More dense materials settled to the center of the disk, in a process known as

a. Completion c. Planetizaton

b. Layerization d. Differentiation

4. As the disk of the solar system got smaller, it began to spin faster, because of an effect known as

a. The coriolis effect c. The Doppler effect

b. Conservation of energy d. Conservation of momentum

5. This disk, from which the solar system sprang, is know as a

a. Nebular disk c. Solar disk

b. Accretion disk d. Planetary disk

6. Three things are basically needed to crush gases into something as dense as the Sun. They are

a. Gravity, the weak force, the strong force c. Gravity, cold and the strong force

b. A supernovae, gravity and cold space d. Gravity, electricity and the strong force

e. Chuck Norris, his shadow and reflection

7. The main gases that made up the earliest solar system were

a. Oxygen and carbon c. Hydrogen and oxygen

b. Helium and Hydrogen d. Carbon dioxide and methane

1. A telescope that bends light to a focus point is a

a. Refractive Telescope c. Reflective Telescope

b. Chrono Telescope d. Defective Telescope

2. The telescope that we used to look outside the LSW front doors was a

a. Webster Telescope c. Reflective Telescopre

b. Refractive Telescope d. Wardovian Telescope

3. Light is fast. Its speed is

a. 3,000 meters per second c. 300,000 Kilometers per second

b. 300,000,000 meters per second d. All above, except “a”, but including “b” and “c”

4. The shortest wavelengths are

a. Red c. Gamma

b. Blue d. Radio

5. A light-year is

a. The distance light travels in a year c. The time it takes for light to travel

b. As far as it is from Earth to Vega d. The distance across our Solar System

6. If the Sun went “out” right now, how long would it be before you knew it?

a. 8.5 light-minutes c. 8 minutes and 30 seconds

b. 2.5 seconds d. “Did Chuck Norris flip a switch off?”

7. What type of telescope can see through inter-stellar clouds of gas and dust?

a. Refractive c. Reflective

b. Hubble d. Radio

1. The Earth has a “wobble”. About how long does it take for the Earth to complete one “wobble” around the zodiac?

a. 10,000 years c. 20,000 years

b. 25,000 years d. 100,000 years

2. Another name for the “wobble” of the Earth is what?

a. Differentiation c. Precession

b. Retrograde motion d. Rotation

3. Binary Star systems are useful, because they help determine what?

a. Mass of the stars in the system c. Distance to the stars

b. Chemical composition of the stars d. Temperature of the stars

4. Which is longer, a day according to the Sun (solar day), or a day according to the background stars (sidereal day)?

a. The longest day is a sidereal day c. The longest day is a solar day

b. The days are the same length (duh) d. The shortest day is any day there is a sub for science class

5. A circumpolar star is one that does what?

a. Circles the North pole c. Is visible year around

b. Touches the North star at some point d. Seems to twinkle in the cold winter air of a January snowstorm.

6. How does parallax differ between a faraway star, and a nearby star?

a. The faraway star has more parallax c. The nearby star has more parallax

b. Parallax does not differ, it only seems to d. The parallax will differ, depending upon size of the star

7. What is a parsec?

a. 3.26 light-years d. 32.6 light-years

b. One parallax-second of arc e. “a” and “b”

c. “c” and “d

Parallax works best on stars that are

a. Near c. Far away

b. Bright d. Old

The precession of the Earth takes about

a. 2,000 years c. 14,000 years

b. 24,000 years d. 110,000 years

The Egyptians used the North Star to help build

a. Pyramid of Giza c. Sphinx

b. Spire of Cleopatra d. Did not use North Star

There are this many seconds in one degree.

a. 60 c. 360

b. 3,000 d. 3,600

A mirror is used in what type of telescope?

a. Refractory c. Newtonian Reflector

b. Radio d. X-ray and Radio

1. Absolute and Apparent Magnitude are the same at

a. 10 parsecs c. 32.6 light years

b. 1 parsec d. 10.0 light years

2. When one looks towards the Sun with a spectroscope, and they see bright lines on a dark background, it is

a. Lines of absorption c. Continuous spectrum

b. Lines of emission d. Time to run away, FAST!!

3. Parallax works best with stars that are

a. Near c. Far away

b. Mostly Hydrogen d. Have a large HELIUM content

4. How do stars apparently move, from night to night?

a. 1º to the East c. 5º to the East

b. 1º to the West d. They do not move

c. If a star is moving away at great speed, it will appear

• More red d. More blue

• Hotter e. “a” and “c”

• Cooler f. “a” and “b”

a. Earth is about 4.6 billion years old (4.6 x 10 9). How old is the Sun?

b. Older c. Younger

c. Same age d. The Sun is the same age as the universe

1. The most massive stars will end as

a. White Dwarf c. Brown Dwarf

b. Neutron Star d. Black Hole

2. Pulsars will emanate from

a. White Dwarfs c. Main Sequence

b. Neutron Star d. Black Hole

3. White Dwarfs will become

a. Black Holes c. Brown Dwarfs

b. Neutron Stars d. Black Stars

4. The Sun will become, next, a…

a. White Dwarf c. Neutron Star

b. Black Hole d. Pulsar

5. A protostar will "turn on" when the internal temperature reaches

a. 10,000ºC c. 100,000ºC

b. 1,000,000ºC d. 10,000,000ºC

c. The heaviest element that can be made inside of any star, before an super novae is what?

• Copper c. Oxygen

• Carbon d. Iron

• A star that is going away from a person will appear changed in what way?

a. Older c. Bluer

b. Redder d. Bigger

1. Pulsars come from

a. Neutron stars c. Black Holes

b. White dwarfs d. Black dwarfs

2. An apparent magnitude, and absolute magnitude, are the same at

a. One light-year d. One Parsec

b. 32.6 light-years e. 10 parsecs

c. “b” and “c” f. “b” and “e”

3. Lines of emission tell astronomers about a star’s

a. Distance c. Temperature

b. Chemical composition d. Age

4. Which star will last longer

a. Big, honkin’ star c. High mass star

b. Small wimpy thing d. One just like our Sun

5. Which has a higher density”

a. White dwarf c. Black dwarf

b. Black hole d. Neutron star

6. Most points of light in the sky are what?

a. Stars c. Star systems

b. Galaxies d. White dwarfs

1. The mass of a star can be determined by studying

a. The wavelength of the light emitted by the star c. The color of the star

b. The distance between the star and Earth d. The binary star systems

2. Which of the following is true about using parallax to measure the distance to stars?

a. The closer the star, the smaller the parallax angle c. The closer the star, the larger the parallax angle

b. The larger the star, the smaller the parallax angle d. The larger the star, the larger the parallax angle

3. At the nucleus, the Milky Way galaxy is about

a. 1,000 light years thick c. 100,000 light years thick

b. 10,000 light years thick d. 1,000,000,000 light years thick

4. According to the big bang theory, the entire Universe started as a

a. Supernova explosion c. Dense, hot, supermassive ball

b. Cool, dark interstellar cloud d. Scattered dust cloud

5. Which type of light is longer than visible light?

a. Gamma c. X-ray

b. Ultra violet d. Radio

6. Where, in the Milky Way Galaxy, is the Earth and Sun?

a. At the exact center c. At the very tip of one of the spiral arms

b. Just outside the galactic nucleus d. Within one of the spirals, but not at the tip

7. Why does the pitch seem higher (or light seem bluer) of an approaching object?

a. Coriolis effect c. Doppler effect

b. Lundgen effect d. It does?

Gyres occur in

a. Northern Hemisphere c. Southern Hemisphere

b. Anywhere d. Where currents circle

Deep water currents are a result of

a. Density c. Wind action

b. Salt content d. Water temperature

Upwelling is a result of

a. Surface currents c. Water density

b. El Nino d. Trenches

The coriolis effect is a result of

a. A spinning planet c. Right-hand winds

b. Density d. Salt content

The Second largest ocean is

a. Pacific c. Atlantic

b. Indian d. Arctic

The difference between high tide and low tide is

a. Neap tide c. Tidal Range

b. Spring tide d. Ebb tide

A spring tide will occur when

a. Moon is on one side of Earth, Sun on other

b. Moon and Sun are on same side of Earth

c. Moon and Sun are at 90º to each other, with Earth at axis point

d. Both "a" and "b"

e. Only the moon causes spring tides

A current caused by density differences is a

a. Gyre c. Coreolis current

b. Transition current d. Depth (deep water) current

A tide that has the highest high tide, and lowest low tide is

a. Density tide c. Spring tide

b. Neap tide d. Lunar tide

What is the relationship between wave speed and wavelength, in deep water?

a. Increased wave speed will show longer wavelength

b. Faster wave speed will indicate shorter wavelength

c. Faster wave speed will indicate more density

d. Wave speed is determined by wind speed

The gas responsible for most of the global warming is

a. Nitrogen c. Carbon dioxide

b. Water vapor d. Oxygen

Ozone is

a. Oxygen c. Nitrogen

b. Carbon dioxide d. Oxygen dioxide

The lowest layer of the atmosphere is

a. Troposphere c. Mesosphere

b. Stratosphere d. Thermosphere

The distance that wind blows over unprotected water is called

a. Wind ratio c. Water ratio

b. Fetch d. Ketch

The shortest wavelength is

a. Blue c. Gamma

b. Radio d. Red

Andesite is

a. Igneous intrusive c. Igneous extrusive

b. Metamorphic regional d. Sedimentary clastic

The air masses effecting Nebraska are the

a. Prevailing Easterlies c. Prevailing Westerlies

b. Northeast tradewinds d. Horse winds

The horse latitudes are located at

a. 0º c. 30º

b. 60º d. 90º

The jet stream flows

a. Eastward c. Westward

b. North d. South

An air mass forming over the Arctic Ocean would be

a. cP c. mP

b. mT d. cT

The winds of both hemispheres converge at the equator. There there is

• Low pressure, and the ICZ c. High pressure and the ICZ

• High pressure and the horse latitudes d. Low pressure and the horse latitudes

geoscience day starters. 1.over the course of their lifetimes, trees will do what to the level of...

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volume b

biosphere b

methane b

cold b

meteors b

space b

ocean b

ground b