geoslope_baitap_gs_man_p

7/31/2019 GeoSlope_BaiTap_GS_Man_P

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www.vncold.vn Hi p ln Vit Nam

GS. Nguyn Cng Mn Hng dn s dng GeoSlope/W 5

11

GII THIU

SLOPE /W V.5 l mt trong 6 phn mm a k thut trong b GEO -SLOPEOffice ca GEO-SLOPE International Canada. Nguyn bn ca bn dch ny trchtrong Ti liu Hng dn s dng chng trnh SLOPE/W V.5 c nng cp -cp nht t thng 12/ 2001, dng phn tch n nh mi t - , l phin bn mi

nht ca ca GEO-SLOPE International.

Ti liu ny dng hc tp, gip bn lm quen vi vic gii quyt tng bcmt bi ton phn tch n nh mi t - trong a k thut, trc khi t gii quytmt bi ton c lin quan gp trong thc t.

Km theo ti liu ny, c th dng Free Student Edition trong CD ROM doGEO-SLOPE International mi pht hnh hoc ti t trang Web ca Cng ty trn lm quen vi cc bi ton n gin, cng nh cho nhng ai mun bit y hntnh nng ca phn mm ny, nht l v mt tch hp gia SLOPE/W vi cc munkhc nhau m rng kh nng gii quyt cc loi bi ton khc nhau c th gptrong thc t.

SLOPE/W ll pphhnn mmmm ggiiaaoo ddiinn hhoo,, 3322 bbiitt cc tthhiiuu hhnnhh ttrroonngg MMTTWWiinnss 9955//9988//NNTT//22000000 vv XXPP,, pphhnn ttcchhnnnnhh mmiitt -- tthheeoo PPPP ccnn bbnngg ggiiiihhnn ttrroonngg kkhhiitt bboo hhoo vv kkhhnngg bboo hhoo ggmm 99 pphhnngg pphhpp kkhhcc nnhhaauu;;

SLOPE/W c th phn tch v gii cc bi ton mi dc khng ng nht trnnn , trng hp mt trt xc nh trc theo tng khi, mi t chu ti trngngoi v c gia c.

SLOPE/W c th ghp ni vi SEEP/W phn tch n nh mi dc trong iukin c p lc nc l rng phc tp, vi SIGMA/W phn tch n nh mi dc theo

ng sut phn t, vi QUAKEW phn tch n nh mi dc c xt ti tc ng ngt v phn tch n nh mi dc theo l thuyt tin cy, do c th p dngchng vo vic tnh ton - thit k cc cng trnh xy dng, a k thut v khai thcm...c lin quan ti mi dc.

Cc ng dng thng thng ca Windows nh nhn - cm nhn lm chochng trnh d hc v d dng, c bit nu bn quen thuc vi cc thao tctrong mi trng Windows.

Ngoi nhng u im c ca GEO-SLOPE Office V.4, phin bn mi ny c b sung nhiu im v mt tin hc lm cho phn mm Users Friendly v titkim thi gian hn.

Bn c mun tm hiu thm v GEO -SLOPE Office 5 ni chung hocSLOPE/W ni ring, xin mi lin h vi ngi dch theo a ch sau:

Tel. 84.4.852 8512. E-mail:[email protected] dch

GS. Nguyn Cng Mn


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Mc lcMt bi ton v d..................................................................................................3-5

Xc nh bi ton...................................................................................................3-6Lp phm vi lm vic...............................................................................................3-6Lp t l...................................................................................................................3-7Lp khong li...................................................................................................3-8Lu gi bi ton.......................................................................................................3-9Phc ho bi ton..................................................................................................3-10Xc nh phng php phn tch............................................................................3-12Xc nh cc la chn phn tch............................................................................3-13Xc nh tnh cht ca t.....................................................................................3-15V cc ng........................................................................................................3-17

Vng o p.....................................................................................................3-19V bn knh mt trt............................................................................................3-21V li mt trt.................................................................................................3-23Xem u tin...........................................................................................................3-25V cc trc............................................................................................................3-27Hin th cc tnh cht ca t.................................................................................3-29Dn nhn cho t..................................................................................................3-32Thm nhn vo bi ton........................................................................................3-36Kim tra bi ton ..................................................................................................3-40Lu gi bi ton.....................................................................................................3-41

Gii bi ton.........................................................................................................3-41Bt u gii...........................................................................................................3-42Thoat khi SOLVE................................................................................................3-43

Xem kt qu.........................................................................................................3-43V cc mt trt chn trc...................................................................................3-45 Xem phngphp.................................................................................................3-46Xem cc lc ln thi..............................................................................................3-47V cc ng vin.................................................................................................3-49t nhn ln ng vin........................................................................................3-49

V th cc kt qu............................................................................................3-51In bn v...............................................................................................................3-54

Dng cc tnh cht mi ca SLOPE/W...............................................................3-55Xc nh mt phng chnh xc phn tch.........................................................3-56Thc hin phn tch theo xc sut ........................................................................3-57Nhp hnh..............................................................................................................3-66


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Bi ton v d.Chng ny gii thiu vi bn v SLOPE/W bng cch trnh by tng bc

qu trnh phn tch mt bi ton n nh mi n gin. Bng cch thc hin tngbc theo trnh t trnh by, bn s c th xc nh c mt bi ton tnh h s anton v xem c kt qu tnh. Sau khi hon thnh bi ton ny, bn c th nhanhchng hiu c ton bc im v thao tc SLOPE/W.

Hnh 3.1 gii thiu s mt bi ton n nh mi. Mc ch ca bi ton ltnh c h s an ton nh nht v xc nh v tr mt trt ti hn.

Mi dc ct qua hai vt liu vi gc mi 2:1 (ngang:ng). Lp trn dy 5m vtng chiu cao l 10m. Pha di y mi 4m c lp cng. iu kin v p sutnc l rng c m t bi ng o p trong hnh 3.1. Nhng thng s v cng ca t cng c ghi trong hnh 3.1.

Hnh 3.1. Mt bi ton mu n nh mi t.

Tng


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Xc nh bi tonChc nng ca SLOPE/W DEFINE dng xc nh bi ton.

bt u DEFINE:

Chn DEFINE t thc n Start Program ca SLOPE/W.

Khi ca s DEFINE xut hin, nhn phm Maximize gc phi pha trn ca sDEFINE, lc ca s DEFINE s chim ton b mn hnh. iu ny cc i hokhng gian lm vic xc nh bi ton.

Ch : Ginh rng bn quen vi nhng im c bn ca mi trngWindows. Nu cha, trc ht bn cn hc cch thao tc trong mi trngWindows, sau hc cch s dng SLOPE/W. Bn hng dn s dng SLOPE/W

khng c nhng ch dn v nhng im c bn s dng Windows. Bn s tmnhng thng tin ny ti liu khc.

Lp phm vi lm vic

Phm vi lm vic l kch thc khong khng gian c th xc nh c biton. Phm vi lm vic c th nh hn, bng hoc ln hn t giy in. Nu phm vilm vic ln hn trang in, bi ton sc in trn nhiu trang khi Zoom Factor bng1 hoc ln hn. Phm vi lm vic cng c thc t sao c th lm vic theo mtt l thun tin. Theo v d ny, phm vi lm vic thch hp l 260mm rng v200mm cao.

t kch thc trang lm vic:

1. Chn Page t thc n Set. Hp thoi Set Page xut hin:

Hp nhm Printer Page biu th tn my in c chn dng v phm vi c thin c trong mt trang in. Thng tin ny c a ra gip bn c th xc nh


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mt khong lm vic ph hp vi mt trang in.

2. Chn mm trong hp nhm Page Units.

3.G 260 vo hp vn bn Working Area Width. G phm TAB chuyn sanghp son tho tip theo.

4.G 200 vo hp vn bn Height.

5. Chn OK.

Lp t l.

Dng hnh hc ca bi ton c xc nh bng mt. T l thch hp l 1:200.T l ny nh hnh v ph hp vi trang giy.

Dng hnh hc ca bi ton c xc nh bng mt. Nh nu trong hnh

3.1 , bi ton c 14m chiu cao v 40m chiu rng. Gc tri pha di ca bi tons ly ti im (0,0). Khong rng cn ln hn kch thc bi ton c th c mtl quanh hnh v. Trc tin chng ta d tnh khong rng t -4 n 40m theo c haichiu. Mt khi khong rng ca bi ton c thit lp, DEFINE tnh ra mt t lxp x. Tip theo, t l c thc iu chnh n mt gi trng. Phm vi cci ca x v y sc tng iu chnh phn nh ng t l chn.

lp t l:

1. Chn Set Scale t thc n DEFINE. Hp thoi Set Scale xut hin:

2. Chn Meters trong hp nhm Engineering Units.

3. G cc gi tr sau y vo cc hp son tho Problem Extents:

Minimum: x: - 4 Minimum: y: - 4

Maximum: x: 40 Maximum: y: 40


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T l trong Horz.1 si thnh 169.23 v Vert.1 i thnh 220. Chng ta khngmun lm vic vi mt t l l nh vy. i vi bi ton ny, chn t l chn 1:200v c hai pha. By gi chn Lock Scales t l s khng thay i mt khi gcc gi tr vo cc hp son tho.

4. G 200 vo hp son tho Horz.1 v 220 vo hp Vert.1.

Maximum x si thnh 48 v Maximum y i thnh 36. iu ny c ngha l t l 1:200, phm vi t 4 n 48 theo phng x v t 4 n 36 theo phng y lcho php i vi phm vi lm vic chn trc y l 260mm rng v 200mm cao.

5. Chn OK.

V bi ton c xc nh theo met v kN, nn trng lng n v ca ncphi l 9,807 kN/m3; l gi tr mc nh ng khi cc kch thc cng trnh xcnh theo met.

Lp khong li.Mt nn im li cn cho vic v bi ton ny. Nhng im ny c thc

nh v khi to dng hnh hc ca bi ton lp nhng im v ng c ta chnh xc. Khong li thch hp trong v d ny l 1m.

xc nh v hin th li:

1. Chn Grid t thc n Set. Hp thoi Set Grid xut hin:

2. G 1 vo hp son tho Grid Spacing X.

3. G 1 vo hp son tho Y.

Khong cch thc gia cc im mt li trn trn mn hnh s bng5.0mm.Gi tr ny c hin th trong hp nhm Actual Grid Spacing.

4. nh du vo hp chn Display Grid.

5. nh du vo hp chn Snap to Grid.

6.

Chn OK.


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Li hin th trong ca s DEFINE. Khi di chuyn con ch trong ca s, ccto ca im li gn nht ( theo n v k thut ) c hin th trong thanh trngthi.

Lu gi bi ton.

D liu xc nh bi ton cn c ct gi trong mt tp. iu ny cho phpcc chc nng SOLVE v CONTOUR truy nhp c s liu xc nh bi ton gii v xem kt qu.

D liu c thc lu gi bt c lc no trong khi xc nh bi ton. Trongthc t, nn thng xuyn lu gi d liu.

lu d liu vo mt tp:

1. Chn Save t thc n File. Hp thoi sau y s xut hin.

2. G mt tn tp vo hp vn bn File Name. V d nhp tn LEARN.

3. Chn Save. S liu sc ct gi vo tp LEARN.SLP. Khi s liu clu gi, tn tp c hin th trn thanh tiu ca s DEFINE.

Tn tp c th bao gm mt tn a v ng dn th mc. Nu khng gpng dn vo, tp sc lu gi trong tn th mc hin th trong hp Save In.

Tu thuc loi tp chn, ui m rng tn tp phi l hoc SLZ hay SLP.SLOPE/W s thm ui m rng ny vo tn tp nu n khng c c t.

Ln sau chn File Save, tp sc lu gi m khng phi a trc vo hpthoi Save File As. S dvy v mt tn tp c m ho.

Thng c li hn khi sa i mt tp lu gi n di mt tn khc. Lm

nh vy s gic cc ni dung trc y ca tp.


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lu d liu vo mt tp vi mt tn khc:

1. Chn File Save As. Cng hp thoi xut hin.

2. G tn tp mi.

Nu tn tp nhp c, my s hi bn c mun thay tp c khng. Nuchn No, bn phi nhp li tn tp. Nu chn Yes, sao chp trc ca tp s mt.

Phc ha bi ton. thun li trong vic xc nh mt bi ton n nh mi, trc tin cn phi

phc ha kch thc bi ton. Phc ha ny l mt hng dn hu ch v nhngyu t hnh hc ca bi ton.

phc ha bi ton n nh mi:

1. Trong thanh cng c Zoom, nhn phm tri chut vo nt Zoom Page.

Ton b min lm vic hin th trong ca s DEFINE.

2. Chn Lines t thc n Sketch. Con tr s bin i t mi tn thnh mt CH( Cross Hair - hnh ch thp mnh ), v thanh trng thi s cho bit rng ang ch Sketch Lines.

3. Dng chut, di chuyn con trn gn (0,14), nh nu trong thanh trngthi y ca s, v nhn phm tri ca chut. Con trnh vim li ti (0,14).Khi di chuyn chut, mt ng thng c k t (0,14) n v tr mi ca con tr.

V tr con tr ( trong n v k thut ) lun hin th trong thanh trng thi. Nc cp nht khi dng chut di chuyn con tr.

4. Di chuyn con trn gn (10,14) v nhn phm tri chut. Con trnh v ti(10,14 ) v mt ng thng c v t (0,14) n (10,14).

5. Di chuyn con trn gn (30,4) v nhn phm tri chut. Mt ng thngc ni t (10,14) n (30,4).


7. Di chuyn con trn gn (40,0) v nhn phm tri chut. Mt ng thngc v t (40,4) n (40,0).


9. Di chuyn con trn (0,14) v nhn phm tri ca chut. Mt ng thngc v t (0,0) n (0,14).

10. Nhn phm phi chut kt thc phn vng. Con tr s bin i t

CH sang hnh mi tn; bn tr v Work Mode.


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11. Li chn Lines t thc n Sketch.

12. Di chuyn con trn gn (0,9) v nhn phm tri chut. Con trnh v ti(0,9).

13. Di chuyn con trn gn (20,9) v nhn phm tri chut. Mt ng thng

c v t (0,9) n (20,9), l bin gia lp t trn v di.14. Nhn phm phi ca chut kt thc phn vng. Con tr s chuyn

t CH v hnh mi tn; bn tr li Work Mode.

15. Trong Zoom Toolbar, nhn phm tri chut ln nt Zoom Objects.

Hnh v c m rng cc ng bn va v c cha y ca sDEFINE.

Sau khi hon thnh cc bc nu trn, mn hnh ca bn s nh sau:

Xc nh phng php phn tch.

xc nh phng php phn tch:

1. Chn Analysis Setting t thc n KeyIn. Hp thoi sau y s xut hin:


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2. Ch chn Bishop, Ordinary v Janbu).

3. Chn OK.

Xc nh cc la chn phn tch.

xc nh nhng la chn dng trong phn tch:

1. Chn phm PWP t Analysis Settings trong thc n KeyIn. Hp thoi sauy xut hin:


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2. Chn p sut nc l rng t Piezometric Lines with Ru / B-bar.3. Chn phm Control t Analysis Settings trong thc n KeyIn. Hp thoi sau

xut hin:


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S khng dng phn tch theo xc sut.

S khng dng Tension Crack Option.

Hng chuyn ng ca mt trt si t tri sang phi.

Grid v Radius c chn trong Slip Surface. iu ny cho php xc nh mttrt bng cch xc nh mt li cc tm v cc ng bn knh.

4. Chn OK.

Xc nh tnh cht ca t.Cc tnh cht ca t trong bi ton ny c nu trn hnh 3.1. Cc tnh cht

phi c xc nh cho ba vt liu

xc nh cc tnh cht ca t:

1. Chn Soil Properties t thc n KeyIn. Hp thoi KeyIn SoilProperties xut hin:

2. G 1 vo hp vn bn Soil ( pha di hp danh mc) ch rng bn angxc nh Soil 1.

3. G TAB hai ln chuyn sang hp son tho Description (Strength Modelkhng cn chn v l m hnh mc nh Mohr - Coulomb).

4. Nhp Upper SoilLayer vo hp son tho Description.


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5. Nhp 15 vo hp son tho Unit Weight.

6. Nhp 5 vo hp son tho Cohesion.

7. Nhp 20 vo hp son tho Phi.

8. Chn Copy. Cc gi tr cha trong cc hp son tho c sao chp vohp danh mc.

9. Lp li cc bc t 2 n 8 i vi Soil 2, t Lower Soil Layer voDescription, 18 vo Unit Weight, 10 voCohesion v 25 vo Phi.

10. Nhp 3 vo hp son tho Soil.

11. Nhn trn nt c mi tn ch xung pha tri hp son tho StrengthModel v chn m hnh cng Bedrock. Phn Soil Description l Bedrock v UnitWeight i thnh 1.

12. Chn Copy sao chp cc tnh cht ca vo hp danh mc. Hp danhmc by gi ging nh hp thoi nu trn.

13. Chn OK.

V cc ng.Dng hnh hc v a tng c xc nh bi cc ng thng ni n cc

im. Mt ng thng phi c xc nh cho mi lp t. Mi ng thng phibt u ti im cc tri v kt thc ti im cc phi. Trnh t thng thng l xc

nh theo tun tng nh trc (Soil 1) ri n cc ng cn li. v cc ng dng hnh hc:

1. Chn Lines t thc n Draw. Hp thoi sau y xut hin:

2. Chn 1 trong hp danh mc bung Line # v Line 1 (y l gi tr mcnh).

3. Chn nt Draw. Con ch s bin i t mi tn sang CHv thanh trng thi

s ch rng Draw Lines l chang thao tc.


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4. Di chuyn con trn gn (0,14) ri nhn phm tri chut [ta (0,14) chin th trn thanh cng c trc khi nhn chut] . Con trnh vim li ti (0,14)v to thnh mt im ti . Khi di chuyn con tr, mt ng thng c v tim (im 1) n v tr mi ca con tr.

5. Di chuyn con trn nh mi (10,14) v nhn phm tri chut. Con trnh

vim li ti (10,14), mt im na c to lp (im 2), v mt ng cv tim 1 n im 2.

6. Chuyn con tr dc mi dc n ch ct gia cc loi t (20,9) v nhnphm tri chut. Con trnh vim li ti (20,9), mt im na c to thnh(im 3) v mt ng c v tim 2 n im 3.

7. Chuyn con tr ti gn chn mi (30,4) v nhn phm tri chut.

8. Chuyn con tr ti pha phi ca bi ton gn (40,4) v nhn phm tri chut.Ri nhn phm phi chut ( hoc g phm ESC ) kt thc phn vng 1.

Hp thoi Draw Lines li xut hin.

9. Nhn vo mi tn ch xung pha phi ca hp son tho Line #. Mt danhmc cc ng vc ( mi ng cho mi st xc nh) xut hin.

10. Nhn vo 2 trong hp danh mc bung ri chn nt Draw bt u vng 2. Con tr s bin i t mt mi tn sang CH, v thanh trng thi s chrng Draw Lines ang trong ch hot ng.

11. Di chuyn con tr sang pha tri ca bi ton gn ch tip xc gia lp t

trn v di (0,9) v nhn phm tri chut.12. Nhn phm tri chut gn im 3 (20,9). (Con trnh vim 3 thay cho

vic to mt im mi ti (20,9), v im 3 c ti im li). Tip theo nhn phmphi chut kt thc vng 2.

V im cui ng 2 (im 3) nm gia ng trn (ng 1), SLOPE/Wko di phn cn li ca ng 2 dc theo ng 1 tim 3 n im 5. ng2 hon thnh th hin thnh mt ng v hp thoi Draw lines li xut hin.

13. Nhn chut vo mi tn ch xung pha phi ca hp son tho Line # v

chn 3.


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14. Chn Draw bt u vng 3. t 1 sc ph mu vng. Con chs chuyn t mt mi tn sang CH, v thanh trng thi s ch rng Draw Lines ang trong chiu hnh.

15. Chuyn con tr ti gc tri pha di gn ch tip xc gia lp t di v gc (0,0) v nhn phm tri chut.

16. Chuyn con tr ti gc phi pha di gn ch tip xc gia lp t div gc (40,0) v nhn phm tri chut. Ri nhn phm phi chut kt thc phnvng 3.

17. Chn Done trong hp thoi Draw Lines kt thc v cc ng. t 2 sc ph mu xanh l m nht.

Sau khi bn lm xong cc bc trn, mn hnh ca bn s nh sau:

Vng o p.

iu kin p sut nc l rng trong Soil 1 v Soil 2 c xc nh bi mtng o p.

vng o p:

1. Nu ct b li, chn lnh Snap Grid t Grid Toolbar.

2. Chn Pore Water Pressure t thc n Draw. Hp thoi sau xut hin:


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3. Chn 1 trong Piez.Line # trong hp danh mc bung v mt ng o p(y l gi tr mc nh ).

4. Chn Soil 1 (Upper Soil Layer) v Soil 2 (Lower Soil Layer) trong hp danhmc Apply To Soils dng ng o p cho Soil 1 v 2.

5. Chn nt Draw. Con ch si t mt mi tn sang CH, v thanh trng this ch rng Draw P.W.P. angtrong ch thao tc.

6. Chuyn con trn gn (0,11) (ti pha tri ca bi ton) v nhn phm trichut. Con trnh v vo im li ti (0,11) v mt im c to nn (im 9).Khi di chuyn con tr, mt ng t on c v t Point 9 n v tr mi ca contr.

7. Chuyn con tr ti gn (15,8) v nhn phm tri chut. Con trnh v voim li ti (15,8), mt im c to nn (Point 10), v mt ng c v tPoint 9 n Point 10.

8. Di chuyn con trn gn (30,3) v nhn phm tri chut.

9. Chuyn con trn gn (40,3) v nhn phm tri chut. Ri nhn phm phichut kt thc vng o p cho Soil 1 v 2.

Hp thoi Draw Piez.Lines li xut hin.

10. Chn Done trong hp thoi Draw Piez. Lines kt thc vic vng op.

V cc mt trt khng m rng c vo gc nn khng cn xc nhng o p trong gc.

Sau khi bn hon thnh cc bc trn, mn hnh s nh sau:


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V cc bn knh mt trt. khng ch v tr cc mt trt th dn, cn xc nh cc ng hay im

c dng tnh bn knh cung trt.

v cc ng bn knh:

1. Nu loi b li c s, nhn nt Snap to Grid trong thanh cng c Grid.

2. Chn Slip Surface t thc n Draw. Mt thc n ni cp Slip Surface sxut hin.

Chn Radius t thc n ni cp Slip Surface. Con tr s chyn t mt mi tnsang CH, v thanh trng thi s ch rng Dr aw Slip Surface Radius lchang iu hnh.

3. Chuyn con trn gn ( 15,4 ) v nhn phm tri chut. Con trnh vimli ti ( 15,4 ) v mt im c lp ( Point 13 ). Khi di chuyn con tr, mt ngc v t Point 13 ti v tr mi ca con tr.

4.Chuyn con tr ti gn ( 15,2 ) v nhn phm tri chut. Con trnh vimli ti ( 15,2 ), mt im c to ra ( Point 14 ), v mt ng c v tPoint 13 n Point 14.

5. Chuyn con trn gn ( 29,2 ) v nhn phm tri chut.

6. Chuyn con trn gn ( 29,4 ) v nhn phm tri chut.


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Vng cc ng bn knh sc v ny c phc ho. Ca s thoi DrawSlip Surface Radius xut hin:

7. Tip nhn gi tr mc nh 2 lm cc # Radius Increments.

8. Chn OK to lp cc ng bn knh.

Ba ng bn knh hin th trong ca s DEFINE. SLOPE/W SOLVE s xcnh cc vng cung trt tip xc vi cc ng ny.

Sau khi lm xong cc bc trn, mn hnh s nh sau:

V li mt trt.

nh r v khng ch v tr cc mt trt tnh th, cn xc nh mt h licc tm quay.


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v h li ca cc tm quay:

1. Nu loi b li nn, nhn vo nm Snap to Grid trong thanh cng cGrid.

2. Chn Slip Surface t thc n Draw. Mt thc n ni cp Slip Surface s

xut hin.3. Chn Grid t thc n ni cp Slip Surface. Con tr s chyn t mt mi tn

sang CH, v thanh trng thi s ch rng Dr aw Slip Surface Grid lchangiu hnh.

4. Di chuyn con trn gn (23,25) v nhn phm tri chut. (C th phi cunca s trc n c v tr ny ). Con trnh vim li ti (23,25) v mtim c to nn ( Point 17). Khi di chuyn con tr, mt ng thng c v tPoint 17 n v tr mi ca con tr.

5. Di chuyn con trn gn (22,19) v nhn phm tri chut. Con trnh vim li ti (22,19) v mt im c to nn ( Point 18 ). Khi di chuyn con tr,mt hnh bnh hnh c v t Point 17 n Point 18 n v tr mi ca tr.

6. Di chuyn con trn gn (26,19) v nhn phm tri chut. Mt hnh bnhhnh c v tim 17 n im 18 n im 19.

Vng cc li tm sc v ra by gic khoanh li. Ca s thoiDraw Slip Surface Grid xut hin:

Gi tr trong hp gia s biu th s khong chia nm ngang v thng ng trongvng chia li.

7. Nhp 2 vo hp son tho s gia X.8. Nhp 3 vo hp son tho s gia Y.

9. Chn OK hay Apply lp cc tm li.

Mt li 12 im tm c hin th trong ca s DEFINE. SLOPE/W SOLVEs dng cc tm im ny xc nh cc vng cung trt.

Sau khi lm xong cc bc trn, mn hnh s nh sau:


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u tin xem.Bn khng cn cn xem cc im hoc s cc im trong ca s DEFINE.

loi b cc im v s cc im:1. Chn Preferences t thc n View. Hp thoi sau xut hin:


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2. Khng nh du vo hp chn Points khng hin th bt kim no trnhnh v.

3. Khng nh du vo hp chn Points v Line Numbers khng hin th btk cc s ca im hoc ng trn hnh v.

5. Chn OK.Bi ton sc v khng c cc im hoc cc s ca im v ng hin

th.

CH : Bn c th chn v khng chn View Preferences bng cch nhn trn ccbiu tng trong thanh cng c View Preferences. Bn c th bit v mi biu tngbng cch t con tr trn biu tng. Mt mi cng c s xut hin sau vi giy vs m t s hin th trn trn thanh trng thi ti y ca s.

V cc trc.V mt trc trn hnh d xem v din gii hnh v sau khi in.

v mt trc:1. Nu loi b cc li nn, nhn trn nt Snap to Grid trong thanh cngc Grid. iu ny cho php xc nh mt vng cch qung u trn cc trc.

2. Chn Axis t thc n Sketch. Hp thoi sau y xut hin:


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3. nh du cc hp chn Left Axis, Bottom Axis v Axis Numbers trong hpnhm Display. Khng chn cc hp kim tra Top Axis v Right Axis.

iu ny s cho v mt trc X dc y vng xc nh v mt trc Y dc theopha tri vng xc nh.

4. Chn OK. Con tr s bin i t mt mi tn sang mt CH v thanh trngthi s cho bit Sketch Axes ang chiu hnh.

5. Di chuyn con trn gn (0,0). Nhn gi phm tri chut. Khi di chuynchut, mt hnh ch nht xut hin.

6. R chut gn (40,25) v th phm tri chut.

Mt trc x v y c sinh ra trong vng.

Sau khi lm xong cc bc trn, mn hnh nh sau:

Nu mun iu chnh s gia trn trc, chn Axis t thc n Set. Xem onDEFINE Reference c thm thng tin v lnh Set Axis.

Hin th cc tnh cht ca t.Khi xc nh c bi ton, bn c th nhanh chng kim tra kp cc tnh

cht ca t bo m rng chng c xc nh ng. Lnh View Soil Propertiescho php chn bng th mt tuyn hoc mt vng t v xem cc tnh cht ca

chng; bn cng c th hin th mt danh mc cc tnh cht ca t v in hoc sao


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chp danh mc vo b nhm Windows nhp vo cc p dng khc.

hin th cc tnh cht ca t:

1. Chn Soil Properties t thc n View. Con tr s bin i t mt mi tnthnh mt CH v thanh trng thi s ch rng View Soil Propertiesang ch

thao tc. Hp thoi sau hin th:

2. Di chuyn con trn gn ( 5,11 ) ( hoc bt k ch no trong Soil 1 hay trnnh ca Soil Line 1 ) v nhn phm tri chut. t c chn theo mt vng gchcho, v ng v cc im ca t c lm r. Cc tnh cht ca Soil 1 chin th trong hp thoi sau:

Hp thoi lit k s hiu, m t, m hnh t, cc tnh cht ring ca m hnht, ng o p hoc gi tr ruc trng cho t, v p sut l rng .

3. xem cc tnh cht ca t, li m hp thoi bng cch ko mp y cas bung ti khi mi thng tin hin th.

4. xem cc tnh cht ca Soil 2, nhn phm tri chut ti gn ( 5,5 ) ( hoc tibt k ch no trong Soil 2 hay trn nh Soil Line 2 ) v nhn phm tri chut. tc chn theo mt vng gch cho, v ng v cc im t c lm ni r.Cc tnh cht t ca Soil 2 c hin th trong hp thoi.

5. xem mt danh mc cc tnh cht t trong hp thoi, chn nt All Soils.

t hin ang chn sc chn, v cc tnh cht ca chng c hin thtrong hp thoi nh sau:


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6. Sao chp cc tnh cht t vo Window Clipboard ( b nh tm ), chnCopy. Cc tnh cht t c sao chp vo Clipboard v by gi c th chn vocc ca sng dng khc.

7. in cc tnh cht t ra my in, chn nt Print. Hp thoi sau xut hin:

8. Chn mt my in t hp danh mc bung Printer Name ri chn OK in cc tnh


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cht t trn my in ny.

9. Chn nt Done hay nhn phm phi chut kt thc xem tnh cht t.

Dn nhn cho t

Khng nhng bn c th xem cc tnh cht t qua giao tip vi my, m cnc tht cc tnh cht t ln hnh v nh mt nhn vn bn phc tho. iu nycho php in cc tnh cht t ln hnh v tham kho. Vi v d ny, chng ta sthm cc nhn vn bn xc nh tn mi loi t.

thm cc nhn t:

1. Chn Text t thc n Sketch. Hp thoi sau xut hin:

2. Chn lp bng Soil ti nh hp thoi. Mt t thng tin tnh cht t hin thtrong hp thoi:

3. Trong ca s SLOPE/W, di chuyn con tr trong lp t pha trn. ( Ch rng con tr bin i thnh mi tn la chn en khi n trong mt lp t ). Nhn

phm tri chut ti gn v tr (2,11) chn Soil 1. t c nh du bng mt vng


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gch cho, v ng v cc im t c ni r. Cc tnh cht t 1 c hin thtrong hp thoi Sketch Text:

Theo mc nh, cc thng s ca t c kim tra trong hp danh mc SoilProperties.

4. V chng ta ch mun dn nhn t m t, nn khng kim tra thng sno trong hp danh mc tr Description. Bn s phi dng thanh cun xem ccthng s trong hp danh mc.

5. Chn Description trong hp danh mc Soil Properties, v Description xuthin trong hp son tho Title. Nhn kp phm tri chut trong hp son tho Title v

nhn kho Delete loi b vn bn tiu Description.

Khi bn lm xong hai bc trn, bng Soil Properties s xut hin nh sau( ch rng ch kim tra c thng s Description v n khng c Title ):

6. Nhn nt Font chn phng ch dng dn nhn t. Hp thoi sau xuthin:


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7. Chn phng chnh dng ( ly phng Arial ) trong hp danh mc Font vto mu trong hp danh mc Font Style.

8. Chn mt c ch ( ly c 12 ) t hp danh mc Size hoc to c chnhchn trong hp danh mc Size.

9. Chn OK tr v hp thoi Sketch Text.

10. Di chuyn con tr trong Soil 1 ( lp t chn ), con tr biu hin thnh CH.Sau , nhn phm tri chut gn v tr (2,11) t nhn t.

CH : Khi bn di chuyn con tr trong mt lp t cha c chntrc, con tr i thnh mt mi tn la chn en. iu ny cho bitrng s khng t c nhn nu bn nhn phm tri chut, m l schn c mt t mi.

Nhn Upper Soil Layer xut hin trn v pha phi ca v tr chn trn hnh

v.11. t nhn ln Soil 2, di chuyn con tr vo pha di lp t. ( Ch

rng con tri thnh mt mi tn la chn en ). Sau , nhn phm tri chut gnv tr (2,4 ) chn Soil 2. t c nh du bng mt vng gch cho, ngv im t c ni r. Cc tnh cht ca Soil 2 c hin th trong hp thoiSketch Text.

12. Nhn phm tri chut trong Soil 2 gn v tr (2,4) t nhn t.

Nhn Lower Soil Layer xut hin trn hnh v pha trn v v pha phi v trchn.


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CH : Khi bn di chuyn con tr trong mt lp t cha c chntrc, con tr i thnh mt mi tn la chn en. iu ny cho bitrng s khng t c nhn nu bn nhn phm tri chut, m l schn c mt t mi.

CH : Ch rng nh nhn cho Soil 2 khc nh nhn cho Soil 1. V khi bn

t nhn t, s m tt nhn c t thng tin Soil Properties. Nu bn i m tt bng cch dng KeyIn Soil Properties, cc nhn t s tng c cp nht ch ra nhng m t mi. Nu bn mun hin th nhiu tnh cht t trn nhn tca bn, chn lnh Modify Text v nhn trn nhn t.

13. kt thc vic t nhn t, nhn nt Done trong hp thoi Sketch Text.Bn c th nhn phm phi chut hay kho ESC thot khi hp thoi Sketch Text.

Sau khi bn lm xong cc bc trn, mn hnh ca bn nh sau:

Thm nhn vo bi ton

By gi bn c tht mt nhn vn bn Project ID ln hnh v ca bn, iu s gip bn xc nh bi ton sau ny bn xem hoc in hnh.Trnh t thmnhn vn bn Project ID tng t nh khi thm nhn vn bn Soil Properties. Tuynhin, trc ht bn cn vo thng tin Project ID.

xc nh thng tin Project ID:


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1. Chn Analysis Settingst thc n KeyIn. Hp thoi sau xut hin:

2.Trong hp vn bn Title, vo mt tiu cho bi ton v d ny, nhSLOPE/W Example Problem.

3. Trong hp vn bn Comments, vo m t bi ton, nhLearn Example inChapter 3.

4. Nhn OK.

t mt nhn vn bn Project ID ln hnh v:

1. Chn Text t thc n Sketch. Hp thoi sau xut hin:


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2. Chn bng Project ID ti phn trn cng hp thoi. Mt t tnh cht ProjectID hin th trong hp thoi.:

Theo mc nh, mi thng su c kim tra trong hp danh mc Settings.

3. Trong hp danh mc Settings, chn cc thng s mun a vo nhnProject ID. V d, khng chn mi thng s tr cc hp kim tra Description,Comments, File Name v Analysis Method. ( ng qun dng thanh cun xemcc thng s trong hp danh mc Settings. )

4. Loi b vn bn Description Title, chn Description trong hp danh mc,nhn kp phm tri chut trong hp son tho Title v nhn kho Delete.

Lp li bc ny vi thng s Comments loi b vn bn Comments Title.

Khi bn lm xong hai bc trn, t tnh cht Project ID s xut hin nh sau(ch rng ch thng s Description c chn v n khng c Title):


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5. t nhn Project ID ln hnh v, nhn phm tri chut gn v tr (20,12 )trong ca s DEFINE.

Nhn xut hin trn hnh v pha trn v bn phi v tr chn.

6. Chn Done kt thc vic xc nh bi ton.

CH : Nu bn thay i d n ID, tn tp, hay phng php phn tch,nhn ca Project ID s tng cp nht ch ra nhng thit t mi. Numun hin th nhiu thit t d n trong nhn d n, chn lnh Modify Textv nhn trn nhn Project ID.

Sau khi lm xong cc bc trn, mn hnh ca bn s nh sau:


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Kim tra bi ton

By gi cn kim tra vic xc nh bi ton bng SLOPE/W bo m rngd liu c xc nh ng. Lnh Tools Verify thc hin mt s kim tra giptm thy cc sai st trong xc nh bi ton.

kim tra bi ton:

1. Chn Verify t thc n Tool. Hp thoi sau xut hin:

2. Chn nt Verify.

SLOPE/W kim tra d liu ca bi ton. Nu tm thy bt k sai st no, nhngthng bo sai c hin th trong hp thoi. Tng cc sai st tm c hin thdng cui cng trong hp thoi. V d, nu mt trong nhng im cui caPiezometer Line 1 khng ko ra ti mp hnh, trong hp thoi Verify Data s hin thnh sau:

3. xem cc thng bo kim tra trong hp danh mc, m rng hp thoi

bng cch ko mp y ca s xung phia di ti khi mi thng tin c hin th.


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4. Khi bn xem xong nhng thng bo trong hp thoi Verify Data, chnDone.

Lu gi bi ton

Vic xc nh bi ton by gi lm xong. Chn File Save ct gi bi ton

vo cng tn tp m trc y lu gi, nh LEARN.SLP. SOLVE c s liu biton t tp ny tnh cc h s an ton.

Gii bi ton.Phn 2 ca vic phn tch l dng chc nng SLOPE/W SOLVE tnh cc

h s an ton.

khi ng SOLVE v tng nhp tp s liu LEARN.SLP, nhn vo ntSOLVE trong thanh cng c DEFINE Standard:

Ca s SOLVE xut hin. SOLVE tng m tp s liu LEARN.SLP vhin th tn tp s liu trong ca s SOLVE:

ng thi, bn c th khi ng SOLVE bng cch nhn vo hnh tngSOLVE trong SLOPE/W Group folder v m LEARN.SLP bng lnh File OpenData. Tuy nhin, n gin hn c th khi ng SOLVE t thanh cng c DEFINEStandard khi mun phn tch mt bi ton va xc nh.


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Bt u gii. bt u gii tnh cc h s an ton, nhn phm Start trong ca s SOLVE.

Mt chm xanh xut hin gia cc phm Start v Stop; chm xanh nhp nhytrong khi tin hnh tnh ton.

Trong khi tnh ton, SOLVE hin th cc h s an ton nh nht v s mt trtang c phn tch. i vi bi ton v d, tt c 36 mt trt c phn tch.

SOLVE ghi cc kt qu phn tch vo mt lot tp, nh m t trong on LimitEquilibrium Method. CONTOUR c nhng tp ny hin th kt qu.

Thot khi SOLVE.

By gi bn tnh xong cc h s an ton. Chn File Exit ra khiSLOPE/W SOLVE, hoc nhn phm Minimize gc phi pha trn ca s SOLVE a ca s thnh mt biu tng.

Xem kt qu.Chc nng ca SLOPE/W CONTOUR cho php bn xem kt qu phn tch bi

ton bng th:

Bng cch hin th bt k mt trt phn tch no, cng vi h s anton tng ng.

Bng hnh v cc ng vin ng tr ca cc h s an ton.

Bng cch hin th th hnh dng thi ty v a gic lc ca bt kthi no trong vng mt trt nh nht.


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Bng cch v th cc kt qu tnh ton.

khi ng CONTOUR v t ng nhp tp s liu LEARN.SLP, nhnchut vo nt CONTOUR trong thanh cng c DEFINE Standard ( nu DEFINE vncn m bi ton LEARN ). l cch tng t nh lm vi SOLVE trc y.

Ca s CONTOUR xut hin. CONTOUR t ng m tp s liuLEARN.SLP :

Hoc bn c th bt u CONTOUR bng cch nhn vo hnh tngCONTOUR trong " folder" SLOPE/W Group v m LEARN.SLP bng lnh FileOpen.Tuy nhin, n gin hn khi mun xem cc kt qu ca mt bi ton c phn tch, khi ng CONTOUR t thanh cng c DEFINE Standard. cnhiu thng tin hn v m tp trong CONTOUR, Xem File Open cc ti liu sngti trn www.vncold.vn

Hnh hin th trong ca s CONTOUR sc v tu theo View Preferencesc chn ti thi im lu gi bi ton trong DEFINE. Bn c th xem cc phn

khc nhau ca hnh v bng cch chn Preferences t thc n CONTOUR View


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hay chn cc mc trn thanh cng c View Preferences.

CH : Bn c th chn v khng chn View Preferencesbng cch nhntrn cc biu tng trong thanh cng c View Preferences thuc

CONTOUR. Bn c th bit v cc biu tng bng cch t con tr trnbiu tng. Mt mi nhn cng c s xut hin trong vi giy v s m tc hin th trn thanh trng thi ti y ca s.

V cc mt trt chn trc

v cc mt trt khc mt trt nh nht:1. Chn Slip Surfaces t thc n Draw trong CONTOUR. Hp thoi sau xut

hin:

Con ch si t mt mi tn thnh CH v thanh trng thi s cho bit rng" Draw Slip Surfaces " ang ch thao tc.

Hp thoi cho bit thng tin v mt trt ang hin th: s th t mt trt, vcc h s an ton.

3. Trong hp thoi, c th chn # mt trt v Factor of Safety theo th t tnggim bng cch nhn vo thanh tiu Slip # hoc F of S.

4. Th danh mc xp theo th t xung v chn bt k s mt trt no khc.Mt trt c chn v h s an ton ca n c hin th trong ca sCONTOUR.

5. hin th mt trt khc, chuyn con tr vo ca s CONTOUR gn tmquay li ca mt trt cn xem v nhn phm tri chut.

CONTOUR v mt trt cc tiu i vi tm quay .

6. CONTOUR lun cho bit mt trt nh nht khi nhn chut vo nt Min.


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Factor of Safety.

7. kt thc vic xem mt trt, chn nt Close trong hp thoi hoc nhnphm phi chut.

Xem phng php

Trong DEFINE, chn phng php Bishop ( cng vi Ordinary v Janbu ) tnh cc h s an ton. Trong khi CONTOUR hin th cc h s an ton mc nhtheo Bishop, cc h s an ton theo Ordinary v Janbu cng xem c.

xem cc h s an ton theo PP khc:

1. Chn Method t thc n View. Hp thoi sau xut hin:

Phng php ang dng hin th trong hp thoi.

3.Nhn vo mt trong cc PP khc (v.d Janbu).

4. Chn OK.

Janbu hin th trong Method Toolbar cho bit rng l PP cn xem . NuMethod Toolbar khng hin th, chn View Toolbars v chn hp kim tra Method.

Mt trt nh nht tnh theo PP Janbu hin th trong ca s CONTOUR; h

s an ton theo Janbu hin th cnh im tm li. Nu mun xem cc mt trtkhc ngoi Janbu, chn Slip Surfaces t thc n Draw v chn mt trt cnxem.

CH : Bn c th chn PP cn xem t thanh cng c Method thay chovic dng lnh View Method

5. Li chn View Method v chn Bishop xem PP mc nh.

- hoc -

Chn nt Default t thanh cng c Method.


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Mt trt nh nht theo PP mc nh ( Bishop ) hin th trong ca sCONTOUR.

Xem cc lc ln thi.

Cc lc c tnh theo mt trt cc tiu c thc hin th theo mt biu khi v a gic lc ca bt k thi no.

xem cc lc tc dng ln thi:

1. Chn Slice Forces t thc n View.

Mt hp thoi rng xut hin. Con tr s bin i t mt mi tn thnh CH, vthanh trng thi s cho bit rng " View Slice Forces " ang ch thao tc.

2. V cc lc trn bt k thi no bng cch di chuyn con tr bn trong thi vnhn phm tri chut. Biu sau xut hin trong ca s:

Biu khi t do cho bit cc lc theo PP chn trn mt trt nh nht. ln ca mi vect lc c hin th cnh mi tn ( chiu di vect khng v theot l ), v hng mi tn biu th hng vect. a gic lc cho bit tng cc lc tc

dng ln thi. S khp kn ca a gic lc biu th gii s cn bng ca cc lc


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3939

ln thi.

3. m rng biu khi t do v a gic lc, ko mt trong cc gc caca s cho ti khi ca s Slice Forces Information c kch thc cn thit.

4. Chn Copy Diagram sao chp biu vo Windows Clipboard, dng vo

cc p dng khc ca Windows nh lm bo co, trnh din trn slide, hoc phttrin biu .

5. Chn Copy Data sao chp thng tin v lc ln thi trong hp danh mcvo Windows Clipboard di dng vn bn.

6. Chn Print in biu ( bng kch thc hin th trn mn hnh ) v/hoc ins liu v lc ln thi.

7. Lp li cc bc t 2 n 6 cho ti khi xem xong thng tin v lc ln thi.Bn c th di chuyn ca s Slice Force Information nu cn nhn trn mt thi nmdi ca s.

8. Chn Done hay nhn phm phi chut kt thc xem cc lc ln thi.

Xem View Slice Forces trong cc ti liu ng ti trn www.vncold.vn bitthm thng tin v lnh ny.

V cc ng vin.Cc h s an ton cc tiu mi tm li c thc ni li thnh ng

vin.

to cc ng vin h s an ton:

1. Chn Contours t thc n Draw. Hp thoi sau y xut hin:

Hp nhm d liu hin th cc h s an ton cc tiu v cc i ca phngphp chn. Cc gi tr sinh ng vin mc nh c hin thj trong cc hp sontho v c thc dng khoanh thnh khong y cc h s an ton.

2. G 0.01 vo hp son tho Increment By.


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3. G 7 vo hp son tho Number Of Contour.

4. Chn Apply.

CONTOUR tun t to thnh cc s xc nh cc ng vin trong hp danhmc. Lp li bc 2 nu mun iu chnh cc gi trng vin.

5. Chn OK.

Cc h s an ton c ni li thnh ng vin nh sau:

t cc nhn ln ng vin.

dn nhn cc ng vin vo hnh v:

1. Chn Contour Labels t thc n Draw.

Con tr s chuyn t mt mi tn thnh mt CH v thanh trng thi s cho bitrng " Draw Contour Labels " ang ch vn hnh.

2. Chuyn con tr ti mt im thun tin trn mt ng vin v nhn phmtri chut.


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Gi trng vin xut hin trn n. Nu mun b nhn ng vin ch cnnhn li chut trn nhn v nhn s mt i. Nhn li chut nhn s li xut hin.

3. Lp li bc 2 cho bao nhiu ng vin bn mun u c.

4. Nhn ESC hoc nhn phm phi chut kt thc dn nhn ng vin.

Sau khi cc ng vin c dn nhn, h li cc h s an ton s nhsau:

V th cc kt qu.

Cc lc tc dng ln mi thi i vi mt trt ti hn c tnh v ct gi

trong mt tp vi ui l FRC. Trong khi CONTOUR cho php hin th mt biu khi t do ca cc lc , bn cng c th xem th ca chng. i vi bi ton vd ny, cc th tc sc trnh by v phn b p sut nc l rng tnh tichn dc theo mt trt ti hn.

v th:

1. Chn Graph t thc n Draw. Hp thoi sau y xut hin.


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4242

Ca s Graph sau y cng xut hin, cha ng mt th vi cc iu kin chn trc.

2. Nhn chut trn mi tn ch xung bn phi ca hp danh mc bung thnht. Mt danh mc bung gm cc iu kin c th khc vc hin th.

3. Chn Pore - Water Pressure t danh mc bung. th sau c hinth:


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4343

4. Lp li cc bc 2 n 3 cho bt k th no khc bn mun cho hin th.

5. Chn File Print t thc n ca s Graph nu mun in th trn my inmc nh. Chn Edit Copy t thc n ca s Graph nu mun sao chp th voWindows Clipboard nhp vo cc p dng khc.

6. Chn Set Options xc nh cc tiu v hin th cc la chn th.Hp thoi sau hin th:


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7. Nhn nt Font xc nh kiu ch ca th.

8. ng ca s Graph, nhn kp trn hp thc n iu khin gc tripha trn ca s Graph.

9. Chn Done t hp thoi Draw Graph.

Tham kho lnh Draw Graph c tho lun y v kh nng giiCONTOUR, v cn nhng tnh nng khc ca lnh cha c tho lun trong mcny.

In bn v

in hnh v CONTOUR:

1. Bo m rng ton b hnh hin th trong ca s trc khi in. hin thton b hnh trong ca s, nhn vo nt Zoom Objects trong thanh cng c Zoom.(Nu thanh cng c khng hin th, chn View Toolbars v nhn trn hp kim traZoom ).

2. Nhn trn nt Print trong Standard Toolbar. Hp thoi sau xut hin:

3. Chn OK in hnh v trn my in mc nh theo kch cang hin th.


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4545

By gi bn xem kt qu xong. Chn File Exit thot SLOPE/WCONTOUR hay nhn nt Minimize trong gc phi pha trn ca ca s CONTOUR gim ca s thnh con ch.

Bn ti kt thc bi hc nhp mn ny. Bn c nhng khi nim hiu bit chung v thao tc v kh nng ca SLOPE/W. Khng phi tt c cc mtmnh ca SLOPE/W c dng trong mc hc nhp mn ny, cng nh khng

phi mi chi tit k thut c tho lun v cc c im c dng y.

on tip theo ca Chng ny s gii thiu mt s tnh cht tin b caSLOPE/W Version 5 so vi phin bn trc .

Dng cc tnh cht mi ca SLOPE/WMc ny minh ho cch dng mt s tnh cht tin tin c trong SLOPE/W,

gm nhp hnh nh, xc nh mt phng php phn tch chnh xc v thc hinphn tch theo xc sut.

Chng ta s dng bi ton v dLEARN.SLP nu trong on nhp mn caChng ny ch ra nhng tnh cht .

Xc nh mt phng php phn tch chnh xcSLOPE/W c th tnh h s an ton theo nhiu PP. Vn thng t ra l

"PP no cho gi trng nht". Trong khi cha c cu tr li n gin cho cu hiny, th on Adopting A Method trong Chng 7 gii thch v sao xc nh mt PPphn tch chnh xc ( l, Spencer, Morgensten-Price hay GLE ) c th cho mt hs an ton chnh xc hn. Vi bi ton v d ny, chng ta si PP phn tch theoBishop n gin bng PP chnh xc Morgenstern-Price.

xc nh dng mt PP phn tch chnh xc:1. Chn nhn Analysis Method t hp thoi KeyIn Analysis Settingsv chn

PP Morgenstern-Price, nh nu di y:


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4646

2. Th hp kt hp Side Functionv chn hm bn sin (Half-sine). Hm nysc dng tnh cc lc ct gia thi trong PP chnh xc:

PP phn tch by gi chuyn t Bishops SimplifiedsangMorgenstern-Price.3. Chn OKXem on Interslice Forces trong Chng 8 c nhiu thng tin v vic

chn cc hm lc ct gia thi.

Thc hin phn tch theo xc sut.

Phn tch tt nh vn nh mi dc ( nh bi ton LEARN. SLP va phntch ) tnh h s ton n nh da trn nhm cc iu kin v cc thng s vt liu cnh. Trong phn tch tt nh, khng c cch no xt c s bin i cc tnh chtca t. Phn tch theo xc sut trong SLOPE/W cho php xt ti s bin i cacc thng su vo ( gm c cc tnh cht ca t ).

Phn tch theo xc sut cng cho php nh lng c xc sut ph hoica mi, c th xem xt " mi n nh nh th no?". Phn tch tt nh khng th

tr li c cu hi ny, v mi c xem nhn nh nu h s an ton ln hnn v hoc khng n nh nu h s an ton b hn n v.SLOPE/W thc hin phn tch n nh mi dc theo PP Monte Carlo. Xem

Probabilistic Analysis trong Chng 7 v ProbabilisticSlope Stability Analysis trongChng 8 bit thm tho lun v SLOPE/W thc hin phn tch theo xc sutnh th no.

i vi bi ton v d ny, chng ta s thm lch tiu chun vo tnh chtt v ng o p c a vo LEARN. SLP.

xc nh phn tch theo xc sut trong DEFINE:1. Chn Analysis Settings t thc n KeyIn. Hp thoi sau xut hin:


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2. Chn hp kim tra Apply Probabilistic.3. G 2000 trong hp son tho Monte Carlo Trials.4. Chn Pore Water Pressure t thc n KeyIn, hp thoi sau xut hin:

G 1 vohp son tho Std. Deviation (ca ct nc). iu ny cho phpmt thong dao ng vi lch tiu chun l 1m ct nc.

5. Nhn OK tc ng s thay i bi ton thm lch tiu chun vo tnh cht ca t:1. Chn Soil Properties t thc n KeyIn. Hp thoi sau xut hin:


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2. Chn Soil 1 trong hp danh mc Soil Properties.

3. G cc gi tr sau cho Soil 1 trong cc hp son tho thch hp:

Trng lng n v: 15 lch tiu chun: 1

Lc dnh: 5 lch tiu chun: 2

Phi: 20 lch tiu chun: 3

4. Nhn Copy t cc thay i thc hin vi Soil 1

5. Chn Soil 2 v nhp cc gi tr sau trong cc son tho thch hp:

Trng lng n v: 18 lch tiu chun: 2Lc dnh: 10 lch tiu chun: 2

Phi: 25 lch tiu chun: 5

6. Nhn Copy t cc thay i lm cho Soil 2.

7. Chn OK.

lu gi phn tch theo xc sut:

1. Chn Save As t thc n File lu gi tp s liu mi di mt tn tpkhc. Hp thoi sau xut hin:

2. G LEARN 2 trong hp son tho File name.

3. Nhn trn nt Save.


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Tp c lu gi l LEARN 2.SLP

CH : Mc d khng xt ti trong bi ton v d ny, bin i ln ca titrng tuyn v cc h sng t cng c th xt c trong phn tch xc suttheoSLOPE/W. c thm thng tin, xem Probabilistic Slope Stability Analysis bn ting Anh, bn c th lin h vi tc gi hoc www.vncold.vn

phn tch theo xc sut:

Khi ng SOLVE bng cch nhn vo nt SOLVE trong thanh cng cStandard (nu DEFINE vn cn m bi ton LEARN 2 ). iu ny s tng nhpvo tp d liu LEA RN2.SLP:

Ca s SOLVE xut hin. SOLVE tng m tp d liu LEARN2.SLP vhin th tn tp d liu trong ca s SOLVE.

bt u gii tm cc h s an ton, nhn nt Start trong ca s SOLVE.

Mt du trn nh mu xanh gia cc nt Start v Stop xut hin; du trnnhp nhy khi qu trnh tnh ton c thc hin.

Trong khi phn tch theo xc sut, cc h s an ton nh nht nhn c nhcch dng cc thng su vo trung bnh ( ngha l khng c bin i ) theo cc

PP khc nhau c hin th.Khi phn tch theo xc sut xong, cc h s an ton trung bnh ti cc mt trt

khc nhau c hin th, bao gm c Morgenstern - Price ( M-P ):


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CH : H s an ton trung bnh s khc nhau mi khi chy SOLVE. Saikhc v ln tu thuc bin i cc thng su vo v s php thMonte Carlo dng phn tch. Nu h s an ton trung bnh bin i nhiumi khi phn tch, bn c th tng s php th Monte Carlo. c thm

thng tin xem mc PP Monte Carlo trong Chng 8.

By gi bn tnh c cc h s an ton. Chn Exit t thc n File thotkhi SLOPE/W SOLVE, hay nhn nt Minimize gc trn pha phi ca ca sSOLVE a ca s v con ch.

xem kt qu phn tch theo xc sut trong CONTOUR:

Khi ng CONTOUR bng cch nhn trn nt CONTOUR trong Standardtoolbar ( nu DEFINE vn cn m bi ton LEARN 2 ). iu ny s tng nhpvo tp d liu LEARN 2.SLOPE theo cng cch m SOLVE lm trc y:

Ca s CONTOUR xut hin. CONTOUR t ng m tp d liu LEARN2.SLP:


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CH : H s an ton hin th trn tm li lun l h s an ton nh nht khidng cc thng su vo trung bnh. khng phi l h s an ton trung bnhca cc php th Monte Carlo

v th kt qu phn tch theo xc sut:

1. Chn Probability t thc n CONTOUR Draw. Hp thoi sau xut hin:

2. Thay i s lp ln 40 trong hp son tho # of classesv nhn vo ntRefresh. Ca s Graph c cp nht, v Probability Density Function c hinth::

Tn s (%) cho bit phn b cc h s an ton tnh theo phn trm ca phpth Monte Carlo.

3. Xem hm phn b xc sut (Probability Distribution Function) bng cchchn nt Distribution Function trong hp thoi Draw Probability. Hm phn b xc


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sut sau hin th:

Hm trn l hm phn b xc sut (Probability Distribution Function) cho cc hs an ton nh hn bt k h s an ton no khc cho trc. ng thng t on cho bit xc sut trong h s an ton s nh hn 1.0 ( ngha l xc sut phhoi ).

4. Hm phn b xc sut cho cc h s an ton ln hn bt k h s an toncho trc no c thc thy bng cch chn nt tng ng trong hp thoi DrawProbability.


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5. Chn nt Data t hp thoi Draw Probability cho bit cc kt qu xc sutkhc nhau nh h s an ton trung bnh, ch s tin cy v xc sut ph hoi:

6. Chn File Print t thc n ca s Graph nu mun in th trn my inmc nh. Chn Edit Copy t thc n ca s Graph nu mun sao chp th voWindow Clipboard nhp vo cc p dng khc.

7. Chn Done khp li th Probabilistic Data v ca s Draw Probability.

Xem Draw Probability trong Chng 6 c thm thng tin v lnh ny.

Nhp hnh.

Lnh ImportPicture caSLOPE/W gip b sung hnh t mt chng trnh

Window khc vo hnh do SLOPE/W to nn. V d, bn c th xen vo mt biutng, nh, hoc hnh nh khc ca Cng ty vo hnh do SLOPE/W v nn. Bncng c th dng lnh Import Picture nhp mt mt ct xc nh trc voSLOPE/W v dng n lm c s v hnh ca SLOPE/W.

Trong v d ny, chng ta s dng lnh Import Picture nhp mt biutng cng ty vo bi ton LEARN 2.SLP.

nhp mt hnh nh vo bi ton:1. Khi ng DEFINE v m bi ton LEARN 2.SLP m bn to trc

y.

2. Chn Import Picture t thc n File. Hp thoi sau xut hin:


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3. Chn tp bitmap HighFive.bmp v nhn vo Open.Hp thoi Import Picture mt i, con ch bin i t mt mi tn sang CH v

thanh trng thi ch rng " Import Picture" ang chiu hnh.

4. Chuyn con chn v tr trn hnh v ni mun t hnh vo, v d nh(30,22), v nhn phm tri chut.

Hnh nh nhp c t ln hnh v gc tri pha di ngang vi v tr conch.

Sau khi t biu tng vo hnh v, mn hnh ca bn nh sau:


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thay i kch c hoc v tr ca biu tng nhp:

1. Chn lnh Modify Object hoc t thc n Modify hay t thanh cng cMode.

Con ch bin i t mt mi tn trng sang mi tn en, thanh trng thi chobit " Modify Object " ang ch thao tc, v hp thoi Modify Object xut hin.

2. Trong ca s DEFINE, dng nt tri chut nhn vo th biu tng.

3. Di chuyn th bng cch dng chut ko i tng n mt v tr thchhp trn hnh v.

4. Chn Done hay nhn kha ESC kt thc iu chnh i tng CH : Cth nhp nhiu hnh vo mt trang v. V d, c th dng lnh Import Picture ttt c hnh c s ca mt mi dc, mt biu tng ca cng ty v khun cng ty tiuchun ( standard company template ) vo cng mt trang hnh . Bn cng c thdng lnh Modify Pictures iu khin trnh tt cc hnh nhp gm nhiu hnhvi cc t l khc nhau vo hnh mi dc trong trang v.

Bn lm xong mc hc cc phn mi tin tin ca SLOPE/W. Hai bi ton vdc lp trong chng ny ( LEARN.SLP v LEARN2.SLP ) c trong th mccc v d ca SLOPE/W l EXAMPLE.SLP v EXAMPLE2.SLP.

Cc v d minh ho thm c th tm trong Chng 7 v 9; nhng v d ny mt cc kh nng v tnh cht khc nhau ca SLOPE/W./.

Ti liu tham kho

GEO-SLOPE Office V.5 Users Guide: SLOPE/W slope for stability analysis -October 2001.

geoslope_baitap_gs_man_p

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