geospatial information systems made simple2016.changecon.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/... ·...
TRANSCRIPT
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Geospatial Information Systems Made SimpleGIS FOR NON GIS DEVELOPERSDarko Boto
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AGENDA
• GIS SPECIFICS
• LIBRARIES PORTS AND BINDINGS
• GDAL
• PROJ.4
• GEOS
• WHAT IS G IN GIS?
• GIS ESSENTIAL LIBRARIES
• READ TRANSFORM ANALYZE
• LIBRARY PORTS
• LIBRARY BINDINGS
• GDAL - VECTOR DATA
• GDAL - RASTER DATA
• SPATIAL INDEXES
• PROJ.4 –TRANSFORMATION
• PROJ.4 – CROATIAN SRS
• GEOS - C/C++ port of JTS
• WHAT GEOS PROVIDES?
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WHAT IS G IN GIS?
Spatial data driver
Spatialcontext
Spatialoperations IS
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GIS ESSENTIAL LIBRARYS
GDAL Geospatial Data Abstraction Library, C/C++ X11/MIT
PROJ4 Cartographic Projections Library, C/C++ MIT
GEOS Geometry Engine, Open Source, C/C++ LGPL
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READ TRANSFORM ANALYZE
GDALREAD
SPATIAL DATA
WRITE SPATIAL DATA
PROJ4PUT DATA IN SPATIAL CONTEXT
DO SPATIAL TRANSFOR-
MATION
GEOSDO SOME SPATIAL
OPERATION
ANALYZE SPATIAL
DATA
RENDER VISUALIZE PUBLISH
Spatial data driver
Spatialcontext
Spatialoperations IS
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LIBRARYS PORTS
GEOS
PROJ4
NTS
PROJ.NET
JTS
JMapProjLib
JSTS
PROJ4JS
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LIBRARY BINDINGS
>>> import gdal>>> import ogr>>> import osr>>> import gdalnumeric>>> import gdalconst
• SWIG (Simplified Wrapper and Interface Generator)
• JNI (Java Native Interfaces)
Supported high-level programming languages:Python, Perl, TCL, Java, Ruby, OCaml, C#, Allegro, Lua, Common Lisp, R, Octave, Go, D, Javascript, Scilab, PHP, Scheme…
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GDAL - Geospatial Data Abstraction Library
142RASTER DRIVERS
84VECTOR DRIVERS
30RASTER
UTILITIES
4VECTOR
UTILITIES
Software using GDAL:
• ESRI ArcGIS, FME, ERDAS, GoogleEarth, Mapinfo …
• PostGIS, QGIS, Geoserver, Mapnik, OTB, GRASS …
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GDAL - VECTOR DATA (WKB/WKT)
Spatial databases drivers• Oracle Spatial
• SQL Server Spatial
• Postgres/PostGIS
• SQLite/Spatial…
POINT MULTIPOINT LINE MULTILINE POLYGON MULTIPOLYGON
Spatial data format drivers• Shapefile
• MID
• GML
• GeoJSON…
POINT (30 10) LINESTRING (30 10, 10 30, 40 40) POLYGON ((30 10, 40 40, 20 40, 10 20, 30 10))
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SPATIAL INDEXES
QuadtreeR Tree R* Tree
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GDAL - RASTER DATA
RASTERS EXAMLPES:
• DEM, DSM
• DOF
• Satelite images
• Multispectral images
GRID – dot matrix data structure
RASTER FORMATS:
• GeoTIFF
• ESRI Grid
• NetCDF
• MrSID
OPTIMIZATION:
• Tiling
• Pyramids
• Caching
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COORDINATE TRANSFORMATION
• Projections
• Koordinate systems
• Transformations (on the fly)
Geoid World projections examples
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CROATIAN SRS – HTRS96/TMHrvatski Terestrički Referentni Sustav / Transverse Mercator Projection
(HTRS96/TM) EPSG:3765
HTRS96/TM EPSG:3765 WGS84 EPSG:4326
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GEOS - C/C++ port of JTS
SPATIAL RELATIONS:contains, within, covers,intersects, disjoint, crosses, overlaps, touches, equals
OVERLAY FUNCTIONS:intersection, difference, union, symmetric difference, unary union
Polygon overlays A intersection B A union B A diference B A symDiference B
Software using GEOS:
• GoogleEarth,
• GDAL,
• QGIS,
• PostGIS…
Provides an object model for Euclidean planar linear geometry and implements the geometry model and API
776SPATIAL
FUNCTIONS
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SPATIAL ANALYSIS EXAMPLE
Map by Dr. John Snow of London, showing clusters of cholera cases in the 1854 Broad Street cholera outbreak.
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WHAT GEOS PROVIDES?
Geometric functions
• Topological validity checking
• Area and Distance functions
• Overlay functions (including intersection, difference, union, symmetric difference, etc.)
• Buffer computation
• Convex hull
• Geometric simplification
• Linear referencing
• Precision reduction
• Delaunay triangulation
• Voronoi diagram generation
Spatial structures and algorithms
• Robust line segment intersection
• Efficient line arrangement intersection or noding
• Efficient point in polygon
• Spatial index structures including quadtree and STR-tree
• Planar graph structures and algorithms
I/O capabilities
• Reading and writing of WKT, WKB and GML formats
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Thank you!Questions?