5th ICEG ENVIRONMENTAL

GEOTECHNICS

Opportunities, Challenges and

Responsibilities forEnvironmental Geotechnics

Volume I

Edited by Professor H. R. Thomas

Proceedings of the ISSMGE's fifth international congress organizedby the Geoenvironmental Research Centre, Cardiff University andheld at Cardiff City Hall on 26-30th June 2006

TECHMiSCHE

| INFORMATiONSBIBLIOTHEK

UNIVERSIT.-Vi"SB!8LIOTHEK_

HAi4«.'OVFR

thomas telford

Contents

Keynote LecturePersistent Organic Pollution: Sustainable Solutions 3M. Eisa

Feature Lecture

A survey of lethal failures in municipal solid waste dumps and landfills 13G. Blight

Some Factors affecting Geosynthetics used for Geoenvironmental Applications 43R. Kerry Rowe

The Use of Waste Materials in Construction - Progress Made and Challenges for theFuture 70

M. Head

Chapter 1 - RemediationThe use of carbide lime and portland cement on the encapsulation of a soilcontaminated by diesel oil 95R. C. Caberlon, A. Knop, L. Festugato, K. S. Heineck andN. C. Consoli

In-situ treatment of landfill leachate using bentonite and polyurethane with soils 103H. Chae, C. Park, J. W. Park, B. S. Chun and W. Shin

Bauxsol based barriers for the treatment of metal contaminated ground waters 110M. W. Clark, L. Munro, A. J. F. Samed, D. M. McConchie and D. Best

Strength, permeability, and compatibility of slag-cement-bentonite slurry wall mixtures for

constructing vertical barriers 118/. C. Evans and S. M. Opdyke

Efficacy of electrolytic generation and transport of oxygen for soil remediation 126H. Fadlalla and A. N. Alshawabkeh

Performance of a cement-bentonite cut-off wall in an acidic sulphate environment 133E. Fratalocchi, E. Pasqualini and P. Balboni

Hydraulic, sorption and resistivity characteristics of zeolite-sand mixtures for PRBs 140/. Fronczyk, K. Garbulewski and M, Lech

Ultrasonic cleaning of clogged geosynthetic drain 148C. Ghosh, K. Yasuhara, H. Komine, T. Konami and Y. Kudo

Delivery of carbon substrates for in-situ bioremediation of chlorinated solvents using jetnebuliser and ultrasonic humidifier technology 156N. Glew, M. Dyer and P. Sentenac

Effective design of permeable reactive barriers for contaminated groundwater remediation 164H. Ishimori, T. Katsumi and R. Fukagawa

A model experiment to verify the use of freezing for collection of DNAPLs from the deepunderground 172Y. ho, M. Kamon, K. Nii and K. Aramoto

An integrated in-situ remediation technology for heavy metal contaminated soils usingEKG 180

D. Kalumba and S. Glendinning

Solidification of lead contaminated residual soil 188

A. T. AbdKarim, M. R. bin Taha and A. A. Abel Latiff

Assessment of remediation efficiency of the old landfill on modelling and monitoringresearch 197

E. Koda, E. Wienelaw and T. Kolanka

Reclamation of sedimented and consolidated fly deposits 205M. R. Madhav, M. R. Sekhar, A. J. Puppala and A, Ghosh

Remediation of mercury contaminated groundwater using a permeable reactive barrier 213M. de Melo Maia Nobre, R. Cunha Maia Nobre and A. S. Souza Galvao

The effectiveness of quicklime-based stabilization/solidification (S/S) on lead (Pb)contaminated soils 221

D. H. Moon, D. Dermatas and D. G. Gnibb

Semi-pilot scale feasibility test of sulfur-based bio-barrier system and effect of alkalinitysources on autotrophic denitrification 229H. S. Moon, K. Nam and J. Y. Kim

In-situ capping of contaminated soft seabed sediments in a Norwegian fjord 237F. Myrvoll, K. Naes, E. Eek and J. K. Holme

Experimental study on washing of coal fly ashes by water with carbon dioxide, washingeffect of chromium(VI) and boron 245S. Nolmo, H. Komine, K. Yasuhara, S. Murakami and T. ho

Alternative uses of partitioning interwell tracer tests for DNAPL source zonecharacterisation 251

J. W. E. Page and K, Soga

pH effect on sorption of Cr (VI) onto clayey soils 259N. D. Pandey, Vibhawari, R. K. Srivaslava and V. Agarwal

Mathematics of the Transformation of Oil Pollution in the Aeration Zone 265G. N. Pavlik, E. D. Pavlik

Integrated electrochemical remediation of mixed contaminants in subsurface 271K. R. Reddy and M. R. Karri

Electrokinetic behaviour of two clayey soils on laboratory experiments 279C. A. B. Schmidt, M. S. S. Almeida and M. C. Barbosa

Remediation of heavy metal contaminated soils using PVDs 287E. C. Shin, J. J, Park and B. M. Das

Assessment and remediation of soils contaminated with gasoline 294S. K. Singh, R. K. Srivastava and S. John

Applicability of in-situ hybrid electrokinetic remediation technologies onlead-contaminated 'clay' shooting range 302K. Soo-Sam, PI. Sang-Jae, K. Min-Soo and K, Ki-Nyun

Remediation Technology Costs in the UK & Europe; Drivers and Changes from 2001to 2005 310M, SummersgUl

Suitability of residual soil for biodegradation of cyanideM. R. Taha, N. N. N. Daud and W. N. Merican

318

Effect of biological transformation of additives on the efficiency ofelectrokinetic and

hydraulic injection in soil 327X. Wu, A. N. Alshawabkeh, D. Gent and J. Davis

Remedial alternatives for the sanitary landfill Pocos de caldas city (state of minas geraisBrazil) 335L. V. Zuquette, J, B. Palma and O. J, Pejon

Chapter 2 - Testing and monitoringAssessment of metals sorption in the permeable reactive barrier of the leachate treatmentsystem of muribeca landfill, recife, brazil 345M. C. M. Alves, K. G. Q. Beltrao and J. F. T. Jucd

Centrifuge tests to evaluate effects of pile construction on post closure landfill sites with

geological barrier 353B. L. Amatya, J. Takemura, M. R. A. Khan, 0. Kusakabe

Displacement records in the frontal slope of a municipal solid waste landfill 361/. A. Barco, J. Cafiizal, A. D. Costa, C. Sagaseta, J. H. Palma

Geophysical investigations and temporal monitoring at active and disused landfill sites inSouth Wales 369

P. J. Brabham, A. George and C. Harris

Effect ofpoor distribution of needle punched fibres on gas permeability of GCLs 377A. Bouazza and T. Vangpaisat

Effectiveness of rolling dynamic compaction on an old waste tip 384A. Bouazza and T. Vangpaisal

Compressibility and microstructure of cement-based treated sediment 391M. Boutouil and B. Rekik

Durability of polypropylene geotextiles exposed to artificial weathering conditions 399J. R. Carneiro, P. J. Almeida and M. L. Lopes

Geotechnical studies ofsoils from an evaporite environment in Israel 407/. Charrach, I, Goretsky and S. Frydman

Geotechnical characterization of permeable barriers mixture of sand, loess and bentonite 415B. S. Chun, J. W. Park, Y. J. Lee and B. H. Kim

A field and numeric analysis on solid waste sanitary landfill settlements. 423S. M. A. Dellabianca, L. M. A. Dellabianca and P. S. N. Murrieta

An assessment of ariake clay for its potential use as a landfill barrier 430Y, J. Du, S. Y, Liu and S. Hayashi

Geoenvironmental characterization of dredged sediments as alternative materials for

covers 438

G. di Emidio and P. O. van Impe

Experimental study on the compaction of waste 445A. Fakher

Resistivity piezocone for geo-environmental site characterization: Two case historiesfrom Brazil 453

H. L. Giacheti, A. S. P. Peixoto, G. Mondelli and G. de Mio

Solid waste compressibility and settlements in sanitary landfills

M. Grisolia and Q. Napoleoni

Variation in borehole gas concentrations during long-term monitoring in Cardiff,

South Wales, UK

C. Harris and M. Turner

Validating 3-D numerical models of rock fracture with laboratory and field scale studies

/. R. Haycox, W. S. Pettitt, D. S. Collins and R. P. Young

Monitoring of geosynthetics long-term behaviour in landfill sealing systemsG. Heerten

Permeability considerations of the minor aquifers associated with the London ClayFormation (Palaeogene) of south HampshireW. G. H. Hodges, M. Woodruffand G. R, J. Browning

Centrifuge Modeling and Numerical Simulation of Soil Contamination and Remediation

L. Hu, Z. Wu and W. Xing

Application of electrical properties in monitoring the performance of containment barrierY. S. Kim, D. J. Yoo, M. H. Oh and J. Park

Development of an in-situ testing device for hydraulic conductivity measurement in sands

T. Kobayashi, H. Ochiai, N. Yasufuku, K. Omine, M. Kajiki and T. Katsumi

Quality acceptance testing of GCLs for landfill applicationZ. B. Kovaevi, D. Kovai, L. Matei andB, Velikovi

An experimental study of cracking mechanisms in drying soilsM. R. Lakshmikantha, P. C. Prat and A. Lcdesma

Assessing the Effectiveness of Landfill Remediation and Restoration at a Closed Landfill

Site: Nantygwyddon Landfill Site, South Wales

S. Ling and C. Harris

The use of the ground penetrating radar, GPR, in environmental non intrusive diagnosticand monitoring tasksS. L. Machado, M, A.B. Bolelho, N. S. Amparo and T. C. Dourado

Vacuum And Surcharge Combined Three-Dimensional Consolidation Of Soft Clayey SoilsA. H. A. Mahfouz, L. Han-long, G. Yufeng and L. Tongchun

Effect of pore fluid chemistry on strain-softening behavior of reconstituted plastic clayA. Man, J. Graham and J. van Gulck,

Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical Instrumentation in a Long-Term Large-Scale Buffer MaterialTest: Mock-Up Experiment at CIEMATP. L. Martin, J. M. Barcala and M. Garcia-Gutierrez

Dynamic compaction improvement in a MSW and in an inert waste landfillsT. Mateos

Influence of compaction in the hydraulic conductivity and in the mobility of heavy metalsin a gneissic residual soilR. Nascentes, I. Azevedo, A. T. Matos and R, F. Azevedo

Effect of salt solution on the permeability of the mixtures of soil and bentoniteM. Ohtsubo, M. A. Kumar, L. Li and T. Higashi

Compatibility of compacted lateritic soil with municipal solid waste leachateK. J. Osinubi and C. M. D. Nwaiwu

608

Measurement of gas diffusion in soils 616

F. R. A. Paula, S. Tibana, F. T. de Almeida, R. T. Faria Jr, M. S. Sthel, M. G. Silva

and H. Vargas

Biological clogging of geotextile filters 622A. F. N. Remigio and A. M. Palmeiro

Mechanical properties and bearing capacity of incineration bottom ash from MSW 630K. Sato and M. C. R. Davies

The Influence of water-miscible solvents on the permeability of clay 636

P. Sentenac, R. J. Lynch, M. D. Bolton and R. N. Taylor

Geotechnical properties of cohesive soil acidified by pyrite inclusion 644H. Shigematsu, S. Higashi and M. Nozawa

Improving the properties of swelling soils by rice husk ash (RHA) additives 651M. Soliman and M. Hussein

Metal retention capacity of a saprolitic silty soil derived from gneiss 659M. M. Stuermer, M. E. G. Boscov, E. Oliveira and L. G. F. S. de Mello

Leaching column tests on arsenic-soil interactions 667B. K. Tan, R. N. Yong and H. R. Thomas

Carbonate buffer system in a compacted clay 676£. Teachavorasinskun and K. Sakulsrijirawat

Chapter 3 - Barrier design including nuclear waste disposalCost reduction of diaphragm wall excavation using air foam and case record 685H. Akagi, Y. Kondo, T. Nakayama and H. Naoe

An experimental study of moisture movement due to thermal and thermo-hydraulicgradients in clays 693P. J. Cleall, R. M. Singh, N. Y. Do and H. R. Thomas

Leachate containment in quarry landfills 701

/. W. Cowland, A. Bouazza and M, A. Sadlier

Use of randomly reinforced soils in barrier systems 709G. J. Fowmes, N. Dixon and D. R. V. Jones

Coupled THMC analysis of a clay-based engineered barrier for nuclear waste disposal 717L. do N. Guimaraes, A. M. Fernandez, A. Gens and M. Sanchez

New type of hydraulic cutoff walls in coastal landfill sites from H-jointed steel pipe sheet

piles and H-H joint 725S. Inazumi, M. Kimura, Y. Nishiyama, K. Yamamura, H. Tamura and M. Kamon

Hydraulic performance of soil-bentonite mixture barrier 733M. Kamon, T. Katsumi, T. Inui, Y. Ogawa and S. Araki

Designing method of bentonite based buffer materials for HLW-disposal from theviewpoint of self-sealing 741H. Komine

Evaluating the permeability of an organically modified bentonite to natural seawaterF. Mazzieri and E. Pasqualini

Application of the cement treated clay with adding tire-chips to sealing materials ofcostal waste disposal siteY. Mitarai, K. Yasuhara, Y. Kikuchi and A. K. Karmokar

Monitoring the rock barrier around a deep repository using scaled seismic studiesW. S. Pettitt, J. R. Haycox and R. P. Young

Influence of injection rate on injectability properties of a cement grout in a sandZ. Saada, J. Canon and J. C. Duplet

On the inclusion of geochemical effects in coupled processes in soilsS. C. Seetharam, P. J. CleallandH. R, Thomas

Incorporating probability of liner failure and restoration costs when evaluating landfillliner designs and monitoring proceduresE. Skylakis, M. Pantazidou and C. Tsatsanifos

The effect of compaction on bulk permeability of stiff clay and mudrock field experiencefrom embankment dams

P. R. Vaughan, J. Standing andL. Zdravkovich

Deformation behaviour of compacted soil liners in a geocentrifugeB. V. S. Viswanadliam and S. S. Sengupta

Tensile strength of compacted clays as part of the crack prediction of Clay Liners inLandfills

R. M. Zeh, K. J. Witt

Chapter 4- Mine Sites, Tailing Dams, Sludge Ponds, and UnderwaterGeoenvironmental Issues

Investigations of layered cover systems acting as oxygen barriers to limit acid minedrainageM. Aubertin, J. Molson, B. Bussiere, A.-M. Dagenais

Determination of slimes consolidation parameters from instrumented columnmeasurements

F, Bourgeois, G. Le Bras and A. Alexis

Environmental and geotechnical problems ofAlbania's mine sitesL. Bozo, Y. Muceku and K. Cela

Geotechnical assessment of the Mejita tailing dam (Dom. Rep.) in karstic and seismiccontext

D. Cazaux, J. G. Alameda, J. Garcia Tascon, R. 0. De Leon, A. Carba and 0. Lopez

Back analysis of Crown Hole development using numerical techniques0. Davies, M, Rouainia and C. J. F. P. Jones

Treatment of sewage sludge using electrokinetic geosyntheticsS. Glendinning and J. Lamont-Black

Dewatering of tailings using electrokinetic geosynthetics (EKG)S. Glendinning, J. Lamont-Black and A. Fourie

Water management simulation around tailings impoundmentsA. G. Guezennec, S. Lachapelle, Y, Menard, A. Burnol andF. Bourgeois

Slope stability analysis for plane failure model under the influence of a tension crackHaswanto and A. Ghani Rafek

Modeling bioremediation of acid mine drainage using permeable reactive barriersP. S. Hemsi, C. D. Shackelford and L. A. Figueroa

Ferrite formation using precipitates in the treatment of acid mine drainage for reducing itsvolume

T. Igarashi, T, Yoshida, K. Asakura, H. Miyamae, N. lyatomi and K. Hashimoto

Basic requirements on the capping system of the uranium mine tailingsE. Kolarova and I. Vanicek

The water balance of the BF4 uranium waste pile, Pocos de Caldas, Brazil, as a

contribution for future remediation projectsA. L. Leite, J. R. T. Fagundes and C. E. F. de Mello

Geotechnical aspects of peat dams on bog landG. P. Mclnerney, B. C. O 'Kelly and P. M. Johnston

Discussion on theoretical and practical aspects of gas fluxes in mining waste depositsR. M. G. Mendonga, M. C. Barbosa and L. S. Borma

Study on dewatering of high water content dredged material using geotextilesA. E. Muthukumaran and K. Llamparuthi

Effects of iron content due to the segregation pattern upon the strength parameters of

iron ore wastes

L. F, M. Ribeiro, E. L. Pereira, L. H. A. Filho, E. S. Presotti and A. G. Santos

Stability and settlement characteristics of hydraulically placed mine tailings and powerstation fly ashD. I. Stewart, C. A. Charles-Cruz and T. W. Cousens

Large-scale column testing of hypersaline tailingsD. J. Stolberg and D. J. Williams

The capping of sludge and other weak depositsP. Thurlwell, C. Hall and O. Naciri

Capping/covering of sludge lagoons and stabilisation of soft alluvial soils usingmulti-layered geosynthetic/soil systems: Specific Case Histories

L. Tomlin, D. Alexiew, I. Amigot and G. Horgan

Erosional stability of tailings storage facilities in an arid climateD. J. Williams and D. J. Stolberg

Alternative design and instrumentation of covers over potentially acid forming minewastes

D. J. Williams, T. K. Rohde, D. J. Stolberg and G. Pope

Underground mining influences on an environmentE. V. Stanis

Chapter 5 - Sustainability, Regulation and Risk ManagementRegulation and behavior of silty clay liners in ArgentinaG. M. Aiassa, M. E. Zeballos and R. E. Terzariol

Recent developments in ground contamination - basic thoughts on regulationsK. Akai and M. Tanaka

The evaluation of soil and groundwater remediation at an industrial site using riskanalysis

R. C. M. Nobre, M. M. M. Nobre and L. C. Bonaparte

Ground surface subsidence risk assessment by underground mining in Estonia

J. R. Pastarus

Sustainability in the context of vibro stone column ground improvement techniquesC. J. Serridge

Sustainable development: Durability of natural geotextiles as erosion control product

R. M. Singh and G. V. Rao

Predicting ecological environment for a residential community using intelligenthybrid systemsH.-C. Wu.E.-Y. Lu, J.-B. WeiandB.-J. Wu

A sustainable geoenvironment - the impact of information and communication

technologies and e-business

L. Yi and H. R. Thomas

The lessons of the ecological disaster at the Chernobyl NPS

V. N. Zhivoderov

Chapter 6 - Fate and Transport of Pollutants

Leaching ofchromium, copper and arsenic from utility poles treated with chromated

copper arsenate

J. A. Arisl, C. A. Coles and M. Organ

Influence of secondary changes ofpH value of soils from motorway A4

Katowice-Krakow side-space on cadmium, lead and zinc concentration

A. Bauerek andM, Gwozdziewicz

Numerical model for leachate and gas flow in a sanitary landfill

B. Caicedo and N, Quintero

Upscaling of micro-scale reactive transport equations using homogenization: iron

adsorption during arsenic remediation

M. I. M. Darwish andJ. Bruining

Micro/macro modeling of electrolyte transport through semipermeable bentonite layersA. Dominijamti, M. Manassero and D. Vanni

A mass-conservation boundary condition for the modeling of contaminant transportthrough leaking geo-membranesA. El-Zein

A procedure for modeling coupled soil consolidation and solute migration processes in

compressible soilsR. L. Ferraz, M. Ehrlich and M. C. Barbosa

Effect of porosity variability on ganglia entrapment during immiscible displacementF, M. Francisco

Hydro-chemical coupling in unsaturated geomaterialsH. Ghasemzadeh andB. Gatmiri

Fate and transport of polybrominated biphenyl ethers from biosolidsT. A. Gorgy, L. Li and J. Grace

Assessment of the pollutant transport parameters in the barrier materials: Performanceof GCL compared to clay linerA,-1. Ibrahim

Numerical modelling of contaminant transport through unsaturated soilsA. A. Javadi, M. M. Al-Najjar and A. S. I. Elkassas

Variations in lead (Pb) content in soils downslope and upslope of Victoria Falls

municipal waste dump in ZimbabweM. Masocha and D. S. Tevera

The challenge to adapt soil propertiesG. van Mews, W. van der Zon, J. Lambert, D. van Ree, V. Whiffin and W. Molendijk

Correlation between 1, 2 and 3-D LNAPL migration patterns at equilibrium inunsaturated and saturated sand

M. H. A. Molmmed and R. S. Sharma

Evaluation of the heavy metal contamination ofurban soils

C. N. Mulligan and Y.-T. Huang

Diffusion and retardation of benzene and toluene vapours inside a low moisture layerof the unsaturated zone

P. C. Nerantzis and M. R. Dyer

Sodium diffusion in compacted lateritic soilK. J. Osinubi and C. M. 0. Nwaiwu

Retention curves in a soil contaminated by LNAPLC. Rabozzi, L. Ribotta and G. Gremigni

The contamination profile on soil of the Marambaia MSW Landfill, BrazilE. Ritter, M. F. Mota, J. C. Campos and M. A. Ventura

Physical and numerical modelling of groundwater and surface-water interactions with aconservative tracer

T. Sparks, D. Kountcheva, B. Bockelmann and R. Falconer

Nitrogen distribution in vadose zone under some Bulgarian soilsD. Stoicheva, M. Kercheva and D. Stoichev

Time integration for numerical solution of advection-diffusion contaminant transportG. Tang and A. N, Alshawabkeh

Parametric study ofhydraulic barrier for contaminant transport under transientconditions

M. Vanicek

Chapter 7 - Waste Reuse and Waste ManagementManagement of waste sludge in trench cutting and re-mixing deep wall method

M. Aoi, J. Fukunaga, H. Yoshizaki, F. Kinoslnta, M. Kamon and K. Tateyama

Field and laboratory evaluation of artificial soil as an evapotranspirative barrier

R. Bobba, W. J. Likos, J. J. Bowders and R. D. Hammer

Using disused rails for slope stabilisationD. Castro and L. Lopez

Geoenvironmental and mechanical properties of a fly ashJ.-C, Chai, S. Hayashi and K. Onitsuka

Stabilization of sewage sludge by a combined chemical and mechanical method/. Chu, T. T. Lim and M. H. Goi

Geotechnical properties of marble dust and its reuse in slurry-pond embankmentM. Datta, J. T. Shahu and S. Mondal

Reuse of refractory bauxite ore waste as aggregate in asphalt concrete paving mixturesG. T. P. Fabbri, C. A. P. Silva Jr., A. C. Gigante, A. P. Furlan and H. B. Fontenele

Geotechnical properties of mining wastes and mixture ofash and slag for civil

engineering 1337

P. Filipowicz and M. Borys

Mechanical and leaching properties of the air-cement treated soil using incineration

residue from MSW 1344

T. Fujikawa, K. Sato and S. Yamada

Seismic response of landfills 1352

B. Gatmirl and S. Navidi

Use of steel slag and limestone quarry dust for remediation of acidity arising fromrunoff from colliery spoil pilot study 1359G. S. Ghataora, N. Ghazireh and B. Bums

Experimental investigation of compressibility of cohesive soil mixed with waste tire chips 1367M. Ghazavi and A. Barmaki

Determination of shear strength parameters of tire chips and grains 1374M. Ghazavi, M. Torbati and M. Kazem

Alternative materials used as embankment fill in sustainable engineering and

landscaping applications 1380R. Griffiths, M. Lamb andJ, Lewis

Select engineering properties of crushed glass-dredged material (CG-DM) blends 1388D. G. Grubb, M. Camivale, J. Wartman and P. M. Gallagher

Application of molten slag from municipal waste as liquefied stabilized soil 1396Y. Hayashi, T. Taguchi and A. Suzuki

Scrap tire chips as a geomaterial to improve seismic performance of structures 1402H. Hazarika, T, Sugano, E. Kohama and Y. Suzuki

Issues of dissipated mercury wastes 1410J. Jaremski

Slag bound mixtures with recycled aggregates for flexible pavements 1415H. A. Khalid, Z. L. Soo, I. S. Nquot and I. Artamendi

Engineering property evaluation ofcement treated soil with tire chips using X-rayCT scanner 1423Y. Kikuchi, T. Nagatome, Y. Mitari and J. Otani

The development of new applications for sandstone quarry sand in South Wales 1431M. Lamb and M. Reid

Aging effect on MSW mechanical bahaviour 1439S. L. Machado, M. F. Carvalho, J, C. F. Nascimento and K. A. Dourado

Study of the MSW time differed compressibility in the Metropolitan centre landfill 1447S. L. Machado, M. F. Carvalho, K. A. Dourado, M. B. Rocha and J. C. F. Nascimento

Sabkha soils mixed with oil lake residues - reuse of a waste material 1455T. A. Mahdi, F. Al-Otaibi and H. R. Thomas

Fibre reinforced waste based artificial soil for grass covered areas subjected tooccasional vehicular traffic 1463T. A. Mahdi, R. W. Francis, H, R. Thomas and R. Poon

Surface disposal of paste tailings 1471V. Martin, M. Aubertin and J. McMullen

Sulfate induced heaving in chrotnite ore processing residue 1479D. Ii. Moon, D, Dermatas, M. Chrysochoou, A. M. Sanchez, M. Wazneand D. G. Grubb

Application of artificial granular material made from construction sludge to sandcompaction piles 1487Y, Nabeshima, T. Matsui, H. Sugiura and K. Ochi

Proposed geophysical method for investigating the seabed for a landfill project inOkayama, Japan 1495M. Nishigaki, M. Komatsu, M. Inoue, K. Kankam- Yeboah, S. Mattersteig andJ. A, Akudago

Mechanical properties of cohesive soils mixed with carbide possessing with water

absorption property 1503K. Omine, H. Ochiai, N. Yasufuku and T. Kobayashi

Recycled and alternative materials in drainage systems of waste disposal areas 1511E. M. Palmeiro, A. R. L. Silva andH. Paranhos

Preliminary static and seismic slope stability analyses for a Portuguese municipalsolid waste landfill 1519

F. Pardo de Santayana and A. J. Roque

Behaviour of coal ash as structural fill material 1527

G. Ramasamy and S. S. Pusadkar

Possibility of using the drinking water sludge as geotechnical material 1535A. J, Roque and M, Carvalho

Elution reduction of hazardous substances by solidification of coal ash 1543A. Sato, S. Nishimoto and T. Suzuki

Application to liquefied soil stabilization material of industry wastes 1551H. Shibata, M. Tanaka, I. Ono, H. Shimizu and J. Tsukahara

Landfill site selection using GIS 1557R. K. Srivastava, M. Reddy, P. Bala Ramudu and R. P. Tiwari

Evaluation method for consistency and its application for estimating strengthproperties of coal fly ash 1564D. Suetsugu and Y. Miyata

Heat and mechanical properties of waste glass aggregate as a base course materialfor taking measures of heat island 1570H. Suzuki, Y. Itasaka and K. Makino

The strength characteristics of muddy soils mixed with granulated coal fly ash 15785. Tomohisa, K. Sawa, M. Saito, K. Michisita, T. Ioku and H. Tanaka

Utilization of irrigation dam muddy soil to embankment and replanting material 1586M. Yamanaka, S. Hasegawa and N. Tomida

Technical and environmental viability study of the use of coal ashes as coveringmaterial for mining rejects 1593M. 0. Ubaldo, M. C. Barbosa and L. S. Borma

Chapter 8 - Other

Modelling the behaviour of freezing and thawing soil slopes 1603P. J. Cleall, H. R. Thomas and M. C. Glendinning

Alluvia substratum influence on the main stream (thalweg) orientation and on the

regulation structures stability based on the Middle Vistula River reaches 1611T. Falkowski

Kinematic and block theory applications to rock slope analysis of the Fraser's Hill,Pahang, Malaysia 1619Haswanto and A. Ghani Rafek

Index 1627