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GholamHossein Ekbatanifard, Reza Monse, Mohammad H. Yaghmaee M., Seyed Amin Hosseini S.

ELSEVIER Computer Networks 2012Queen-MAC: A quorum-based energy-efcient medium access control protocol for wireless sensor networksOutlineIntroductionRelated WorkGoalsAssumptionsTheoretical foundationsQueen-MACPerformance EvaluationConclusion

IntroductionEnergy efciency is one of the most critical concerns in wireless sensor networks.

Most of the existing power-saving protocols achieve power savings by periodically putting sensor nodes to sleep.Lower power efficiency.Higher latency.

Many protocols have been proposed to extend the network lifetime of sensor networks.Deployment protocols. Power efficient medium access control protocols.Routing protocols.

012345678Related WorkQMAC[8] C.M. Chao and Y.W. Lee, A quorum-based energy-saving MAC protocol design for wireless sensor networks, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology(TVT), 2010.AB012345678012345678012345678Related WorkQMAC

SinkC1C2C3C4Hop Count=1Hop Count=2Hop Count=3Hop Count=4ABAB012345678012345678[8] C.M. Chao and Y.W. Lee, A quorum-based energy-saving MAC protocol design for wireless sensor networks, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology(TVT), 2010.Related WorkQMAC

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SinkAB012345678012345678012345678012345678ABNetwork SensibilityABRelated WorkQMAC

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SinkAB012345678012345678012345678012345678ABNetwork SensibilityABRelated WorkQMAC

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SinkAB012345678012345678AB[8] C.M. Chao and Y.W. Lee, A quorum-based energy-saving MAC protocol design for wireless sensor networks, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology(TVT), 2010.Related WorkQMAC

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SinkAB012345678012345678AB[8] C.M. Chao and Y.W. Lee, A quorum-based energy-saving MAC protocol design for wireless sensor networks, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology(TVT), 2010.GoalsThis paper proposes a new quorum system, dygrid.This paper proposed a Multi-Channel MAC protocol.Decrease energy consumption.CollisionProlong the network lifetime.Decrease Transmission latency.

AssumptionsTime is divided into a series of time slots.All sensor nodes have the same transmission range d.Nodes are static in the network.Sensor nodes are time synchronized.Network mission is data collection. All sensor nodes send their data toward the sink.The broadcast packet is only from the sink.AssumptionsNodes are uniformly distributed in the environment.SinkC1C2C3C4Hop Count=1Hop Count=2Hop Count=3Hop Count=4Theoretical foundations0123456789101112131415h-Clique(r, k):

Theoretical foundations0123456789101112131415h-Clique(r, k):

Theoretical foundations0123456789101112131415

h-Clique(r, k):

Theoretical foundations0123456789101112131415v-Clique(c, k):

Theoretical foundations0123456789101112131415v-Clique(c, k):

Theoretical foundations0123456789101112131415dygrid(r, c, k1, k2 )

h-Clique(r, k)v-Clique(c, k)A0

SinkAB01234567891011121314150123456789101112131415BTheoretical foundationsNetwork Sensibility

dygrid(r, c, k1, k2 )

012345678012345678Network SensibilityABTheoretical foundationsRendezvous

012345678012345678012345678012345678012345678012345678012345678012345678012345678dygrid(r, c, k1, k2 ):grid:Queen-MACSinkC1C2C3C4Hop Count=1Hop Count=2Hop Count=3Hop Count=4Select cliqueh-Clique(r, k)v-Clique(c, k)h-Clique(r, k)v-Clique(c, k)Queen-MACSinkC1C2C3C4Hop Count=1Hop Count=2Hop Count=3Hop Count=4

Hop Count=i

Wake-up scheduleThe ratio for area of Ci+1 to Ci

Queen-MACWake-up scheduleSinkC1C2C3C4The ratio for area of Ci+1 to Ci :

ABThe ratio for area of C4 to C3 :

Sensor node requires to transmit x packets for report.Sensor node in count i has to forward Fi packets:

.

Queen-MACWake-up scheduleSinkC1C2C3C4AB

Sensor node in count i has to forward Fi packets:

Sensor node requires to transmit x packets for report.

012345678

Time

Sensor in count i should select its ki as:...Time slotQueen-MACWake-up scheduleSinkC1C2C3C4AB

Sensor node in count i has to forward Fi packets:

Sensor node requires to transmit x packets for report.

012345678

Time

Sensor in count i should select its ki as:...Time slot012345678Queen-MACChannel assignmentThe broadcast packet is only from the sink.

Channel (2i mod 4):Ci receives broadcast packets from Ci-1Channel ((2i+2) mod 4):Ci sends broadcast packets to Ci+1Channel ((2i+1) mod 4):Ci receives unicast packets from Ci+1Channel ((2i-1) mod 4):Ci sends unicast packets to Ci-1

SinkC1C2C3C4ABCount 2Count 3Receive broadcast packetsCh 0Ch 2

Send broadcast packetsCh 2Ch 0Receive unicast packetsCh 1Ch 3Send unicast packetsCh 3Ch 1Queen-MACData communication Broadcast packets have higher prioritySinkC1C2C3C4012345678

Time012DataMini Control SlotsTime SlotsCount iReceiver broadcastSend broadcast or Send unicastReceiver unicast0Data(1)(2)01Data(3)012DataQueen-MACData communicationSinkC1C2C3C4012345678

TimeCount 1012345678Count 2012345678Count 3012345678Count 4Queen-MACData communicationSinkC1C2C3C4ED012Data012DataC 1C 2C 3

Receive broadcastCh 2Ch 0Ch 2Send broadcastCh 0Ch 2Ch 0Receive unicastCh 3Ch 1Ch 3Send unicastCh 1Ch 3Ch 1Receiver broadcastSend broadcast or Send unicastReceiver unicastCh 0broadcastEDDECh 2Queen-MACData communicationSinkC1C2C3C4ED012Data012DataReceiver broadcastSend broadcast or Send unicastReceiver unicastCh 0broadcastCh 0C 1C 2C 3

Receive broadcastCh 2Ch 0Ch 2Send broadcastCh 0Ch 2Ch 0Receive unicastCh 3Ch 1Ch 3Send unicastCh 1Ch 3Ch 1EDThe number of mini control slots in Ci = i+2DEQueen-MACData communicationSinkC1C2C3C4ABED012Data012Data012Data012DataReceiver broadcastSend broadcast or Send unicastReceiver unicastC 1C 2C 3

Receive broadcastCh 2Ch 0Ch 2Send broadcastCh 0Ch 2Ch 0Receive unicastCh 3Ch 1Ch 3Send unicastCh 1Ch 3Ch 1EDABQueen-MACData communicationSinkC1C2C3C4BE012Data012DataReceiver broadcastSend broadcast or Send unicastReceiver unicastC 1C 2C 3

Receive broadcastCh 2Ch 0Ch 2Send broadcastCh 0Ch 2Ch 0Receive unicastCh 3Ch 1Ch 3Send unicastCh 1Ch 3Ch 1RTSCh 1Ch 1EBFF

CTSEBFPerformance evaluationOPNET Modeler 14.0

Performance evaluationImpact on energy consumption

Performance evaluationImpact on transmission latency

Performance evaluationImpact on the transmission success ratio

Performance evaluation Effect on the number of groups

Performance evaluation Impact of node density

Performance evaluation Impact of node density

ConclusionA new quorum system, named dygrid, is proposed that provides an adaptive and low duty cycle.

Simulations in OPNET Modeler 14.0 show that Queen-MAC increases the network lifetime while it reduces network latency.