gilded weekly

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The Gilded Weekly At the age of 13, Andrew Carnegie and his family immigrated to America, leaving their destitute home in Scotland. He got a job as a bobbin boy, earning a meager $1.20 each week. With hard work he quickly moved up the ladder, making impor- tant connections and per- forming important jobs. So how did this young boy go from changing spools of thread to mak- ing millions every year? The key to Carnegie’s success was his hard work and his ability to innovate in ways that had never been done before. Carnegie spent a few years rising in ranks. He gained respect, connec- tions, and a higher salary. Befriending Thomas A. Scott of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company, Carnegie was able to make several important investments. He later left the company, creating his own Keystone Bridge Works ironworks busi- ness. However, Carnegie has kept ties with his old business partners from the Pennsylvania Railroad Company, and his ami- able nature helped make him a very success- ful businessman. Today, the Carnegie Steel Company has become one of be one of the most successful enterprises in history. One of the largest steel manufacturers in the world, Carnegie created the ingenious idea now known as “vertical integration”. In short, Carnegie controls every- thing in the pro- cess of manu- facturing steel. From the mining to the manufac- ture and export of steel, the only company to handle the steel is Carnegie’s, and this cutting of the middleman helps lower manufacture and sale prices. Carnegie even insists on company owned educational cours- es for new employees. However, Carnegie’s time is coming to an end. Retiring, he recently sold his entire company to J. P. Morgan for a sum of over 400 million dollars. He plans to give away almost all of his money for philanthropic purposes, believing extreme wealth to be a form of idolatry. He will spend the rest of his life donating to vari- ous organizations, while his legacy will pass on to the banker Morgan. Feature: A Man With a Vision - Andrew Carnegie While the North is going through many changes and overall industrialization, the South is still not progress- ing as far as industry goes. The economy of the south still primarily relied on farming and agriculture, and in the new age of industry, they are falling behind. New inventions like the cotton gin, and the ability to manufacture cigarettes keeps the South from becom- ing completely obsolete in the global market, but they are nowhere close to being the industrial giant the North has become. In order to stay afloat, Texas farm- ers had formed a group called the Farmers Alliance. The purpose of the group was to break through the grip of railroads and manufacturers by buying and selling. However, the Farmers Alliance failed due to the fact that land- less tenant farmers, share croppers, and farm work- ers were not accepted into the group. T h e Farmers Alliance failed , and a new group called the Peoples Party has recent- ly been formed in their place. The Peoples party had many of the same ideas as the Farmers Alliance with the exception of a few different objectives. Some of the objectives of the Peoples Party are to create an income tax by nationalizing rail- roads and to get a free and unlimited coinage of silver. Although the farmers of the south could not compete economi- cally with the manu- facturers of the north, they are still a vital aspect of the American economy. Written by: Brian Tess The Struggle to Strive “We just can’t catch up to the North and I surely don’t know why” -Eric Ramsey Written by: Shehryar Siddiqui Andrew Carnegie’s handsome portrait. Weather Right now, it is very sunny.We do not know how the rest of the week will turn out, but from my expectation, it will stay sunny. The land will stay dry and south- ern famers will be struggling. It will be sunny this week Farmers disappointed by their failure. From left to right: Eric Ramsey, Trevor Bang, Austin Renolds, liberty Crawford. Sunday, October 7, 1980 President Garfield A brief obituary on one of our presidents, Andrew Garfield. More on Pg. 2. Native Americans An editorial on Native Ameri- cans and the government. More on Pg. 2. Chinese Exclusion Chinese are ignored and hated by Americans. More on Pg. 3. Women Opportunities Women are offered more opportunities for jobs due to telephones and type- writers. More on Pg. 3 Light the Room Thomas Edison creates a new invention again. The light bulb. Read more on Pg. 3. The Best Newspaper in America Victory for Hays Hays wins the election. Read more on Pg. 4. Inventors Read about the invention of the light bulb, typewriter, or phono- graph. Go to Pg. 4. Middle Class Americans An article about the middle class Americans. Read more about them on Pg. 4. Letters to the Editor Letters to the editor by a Chi- nese immigrant and a white set- tler. Read more on Pg. 5. Political Cartoons Read political cartoons here at Pg. 6 and 7. Crossword Puzzle Solve a crossword puzzle here about the Gilded Age! Pg. 8.

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Page 1: Gilded Weekly

The Gilded Weekly

At the age of 13, Andrew Carnegie and his family immigrated to America, leaving their destitute home in Scotland. He got a job as a bobbin boy, earning a meager $1.20 each week. With hard work he quickly moved up the ladder, making impor-tant connections and per-forming important jobs. So how did this young boy go from changing spools of thread to mak-ing millions every year? The key to Carnegie’s success was his hard work and his ability to innovate in ways that had never been done before.

Carnegie spent a few years rising in ranks. He gained respect, connec-tions, and a higher salary. Befriending Thomas A. Scott of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company, Carnegie was able to make several important investments. He later left the company, creating his own Keystone Bridge Works ironworks busi-ness. However, Carnegie has kept ties with his old business partners from the Pennsylvania Railroad Company, and his ami-

able nature helped make him a very success-ful businessman.

Today, the Carnegie Steel Company has become one of be one of the most successful enterprises in history. One of the largest steel manufacturers in the world, Carnegie created the ingenious idea now known as “vertical integration”. In short, Carnegie controls every-thing in the pro-cess of manu-facturing steel. From the mining to the manufac-ture and export of steel, the only company to handle the steel is Carnegie’s, and this cutting of the middleman helps lower manufacture and sale prices. Carnegie even insists on company owned educational cours-es for new employees.

However, Carnegie’s time is coming to an end. Retiring, he recently sold his entire company to J. P. Morgan for a sum of over 400 million dollars. He

plans to give away almost all of his money for philanthropic purposes, believing extreme wealth to be a form of idolatry. He will spend the rest of his life donating to vari-

ous organizations, while his legacy will pass on to the banker Morgan.

F e a t u r e : A M a n W i t h a V i s i o n - A n d r e w C a r n e g i e

While the North is going through many changes and overall industrialization, the South is still not progress-ing as far as industry goes. The economy of the south

still primarily relied on farming and agriculture, and in the new age of industry, they are falling behind. New inventions like the cotton gin, and the ability to manufacture

cigarettes keeps the South from becom-ing completely obsolete in the global market, but they are nowhere close to being the industrial giant the North has become.

In order to stay afloat, Texas farm-ers had formed a group called the Farmers Alliance. The purpose of the group was to break through the grip of railroads and

manufacturers by buying and selling. However, the Farmers Alliance failed due to the fact that land-less tenant farmers, share croppers, and farm work-ers were not accepted into

the group. T h e F a r m e r s A l l i a n c e failed , and a new g r o u p called the P e o p l e s Party has r e c e n t -ly been f o r m e d in their p l a c e . The Peoples party had many of the same ideas as the Farmers Alliance with the exception of a few different objectives. Some of the objectives of the Peoples Party are to create an income tax by nationalizing rail-roads and to get a free and unlimited coinage of silver. Although the farmers of the south could

not compete e c o n o m i -cally with the manu-facturers of the north, they are still a vital aspect of the A m e r i c a n e c o n o m y .

Written by: Brian Tess

The Struggle to Strive“We just can’t catch up to the North and I surely don’t know why” -Eric Ramsey

Written by: Shehryar Siddiqui

Andrew Carnegie’s handsome portrait.

Weather

Right now, it is very sunny.We do not know how the rest of the week will turn out, but from my expectation, it will stay sunny. The land will stay dry and south-ern famers will be struggling.

It will be sunny this week

Farmers disappointed by their failure. From left to right: Eric Ramsey, Trevor Bang, Austin Renolds, liberty Crawford.

Sunday, October 7, 1980

President GarfieldA brief obituary on one of our presidents, Andrew Garfield. More on Pg. 2.

Native AmericansAn editorial on Native Ameri-cans and the government. More on Pg. 2.

Chinese ExclusionChinese are ignored and hated by Americans. More on Pg. 3.

Women Opportunities

Women are offered more opportunities for jobs due to telephones and type-writers. More on Pg. 3

Light the RoomThomas Edison creates a new invention again. The light bulb. Read more on Pg. 3.

The Best Newspaper in America

Victory for HaysHays wins the election. Read more on Pg. 4.

InventorsRead about the invention of the light bulb, typewriter, or phono-graph. Go to Pg. 4.

Middle Class Americans

An article about the middle class Americans. Read more about them on Pg. 4.

Letters to the EditorLetters to the editor by a Chi-nese immigrant and a white set-tler. Read more on Pg. 5.

Political CartoonsRead political cartoons here at Pg. 6 and 7.

Crossword Puzzle

Solve a crossword puzzle here about the Gilded Age! Pg. 8.

Page 2: Gilded Weekly

James Abram Garfield was born of Welsh decent on November 19, 1931 in a small log cabin in what used to be Orange Township, Ohio. His father died while Garfield was still very young, and he was primarily raised by his mother, his sisters, and his uncle. He later attended college at Western Reserve Eclectic Institute but ended up transferring to Williams College in Massachusetts and graduating from there as an outstanding student. After his gradu-ation in 1856 he decided to become a preacher at Franklin Circle Christian Church, but after realizing that wasn’t for him he applied for a job as a princi-pal at a high school in Poestenkill, New York but was beaten out for the job, so he instead became a principal at the Western Reserve Eclectic Institute that he attended for his first 3 years of college.

On November 11, 1858 James Garfield got mar-ried to Lucretia Rudolf and together they had seven children. Soon after his marriage Garfield decided to have another career change in which he decided that a career in education was not for him so he decided to study law privately, and in 1860 he was admitted to the Ohio Bar and was elected as an Ohio senator and served for 2 years. With the start of the Civil War in 1861 Garfield enlisted in the Union army as commander of 42nd Ohio Volunteer Infantry. While still serving in the Union army Garfield was elected to the United States House of Representatives for Ohio’s 19th congressional district in the 38th Congress. In 1863 he left the military to serve in Congress and served there for the next 15 years until 1878.

In 1880 Garfield ran in the presidential election with his running mate Chester A. Arthur against democratic candidate Winfield Hancock. Garfield

ended up winning the popular vote by a mere two thousand votes, but smashed Winfield Hancock in the electoral vote with 214 out of 319 of the state’s elec-toral votes. On March 4, 1881 Garfield was inaugurated, but his term was cut

short by an infuriated Stalwart. On July 2, 1881 when Garfield was at the Sixth Street Station of the Baltimore and Potomac Railroad on his way to Williams College he was shot in the spine by Charles J. Guiteau. For the next couple months Garfield’s condition grew increasingly worse as he stayed in the White House, so on September 6, 1881 Garfield was relocated to the Jersey Shore in hope that the change of scenery would help his condition. Then on September 19, 1881 Garfield died because of an infection caused by a bullet that struck him. When Garfield passed he left behind his seven children and his loving wife to mourn his death.

Obituary: The Beginning, Middle, and End of James Abram GarfieldBy: Brian Tess

The Gilded Weekly#2Sunday, October 7, 1980

A beautiful portrait of our president who had an unfortunate short term.

The Dawes Severalty Act was signed by President Grover Cleveland in an at-tempt to take a more peaceful approach to solving the growing “problem” of the Native Americans in the mid-west. The act states that any Indian that would for-sake his tribal ways and take up farm-ing would be offered 160 acres of land, while other Native Americans that still practiced their tribal beliefs would have to stay in the small reservations the gov-ernment confined them to. This act is a perfect example of how un-accepting Americans are growing of other cultures. Many Americans have become advocates of the idea of “Nativism” but then we turn around and oppress the only true Natives this country has. Modern propaganda portrays the Native Ameri-cans as savages that need to be stopped, and for the most part the average Ameri-can believes these clams. Although this act is very oppressing to Native Ameri-can culture it is still better than the gov-ernment’s past policy of just slaughtering any Indians that didn’t accept American ideals. Instead of rejecting these Na-tives cultures the United States govern-ment should embrace them, because whether they like it or not Native Amer-ican culture is one of the first and most important aspects of American history.

Editorial of:Native Americans

andThe Government

Written by: Brian Tess

A disgruntled Native American.

Created by Hyun Woo Choi

Page 3: Gilded Weekly

The new Chinese Exclusion Act was signed by Chester A. Arthur two days ago on May 8, 1882. These were major revisions to the Burlingame Treaty of 1868. The original document suspended immi-gration in the U.S. Congress. Now, it has immediately acted to secure the suspension of Chinese immi-gration that is planned to last up to 10 years. This is closing the door for so many new immigrants from China. The “American Dream” has been established as freedom and a new country for new innovative ideas, but yet our government that is founded on the principle that “all men are created equal” can not handle as much as a huge increase of the population of this country.

The halting of the immigra-tion from China is very racist and goes against goals and the ideals of this great new country. However, immigrants from any other coun-

tries are a c c e p t -ed, so l o n g as they are not c r i m i -nals, dis-abled, or diseased. The orig-inal act was sup-p o s e d to sus-pend the unwant-

ed immigration, but it is too broad and does not cover the specifics of the Chinese coun-try as the government had want-ed. In light of this, they created this new act to specify the eth-nicity that they wanted to target.

Not only were new incom-ing Chinese immigrants affected by this act, but current Chinese-Americans were also affected. Some of the immigrants that have left the country for a short time are being forced to file for re-entry, ruining their chance for the lifestyle they have always want-ed. What has this “dreamy” new government come too? A place where you have to come from a certain country or be a certain ethnicity to succeed? I would cer-tainly hope not, because that is not what this country was founded on.

Editorial: Feeling Excluded

The Gilded Weekly#3Sunday, October 7, 1980

Propoganda Article:New Inventions

=New Opportunities

Written by: Courtney Cheek

Written by: Courtney Cheek

There h a v e b e e n n e w inven-t i o n s a n d

technologies sweep-ing the nation: the Typewriter, and the Telephone. These two new inventions from Christopher Latham Sholes and Alexander Graham Bell have paved the way for new o p p o r t u -nities for women all over the c o u n t r y . From lower class to upper class, women have been able to leave the typical cliché behind and take up actual work to prove that we can work just as long and hard as men.

For years, women like me have been looked upon as some-one who is unequal to my brothers, and male friends. Growing up

with brothers has made it easier for me to be able to “run with the boys” and keep up every-thing that I grown to understand that women and men have not been given equal opportuni-ties in the work force today. These two new inventions are still not giving us completely equal opportunities, but they are two of the larg-est stepping stones we women have had since Clara Barton’s medi-

cine career dis-covery during the Civil War.

I sure-ly hope that women are now empow-ered by the

new inventions that are opening new doors for all American women.

Simple to use!

A typewriter

Alexander Bell’s Telephone

Earlier this month, inven-tor Thomas Edison found a new way to light up a dark room after the sun goes down. Candles and lanterns have been the only way to keep the night light, but now that all changes. Thomas Edison created “The Electric Light Bulb”, this is an incan-descent electric light that uses a low current of elec-

tricity, a small carbonized filament and a vacuum inside the bulb (globe sec-tion) to produce a constant reliable flame that can con-tinue without the wind blow-ing it out. Working solely on electricity allows the light not to have to run on gas or any other source that would need to constantly be replaced. The light will work

for about 40 hours, at a constant rate. Oxygenless, the new Electric Light Bulb will provide for a new light source that will continue to go on, into the late night so that there is more “day light” (so to speak) to get more done each day. Thank

you Thomas Edison for your new invention that is bring-ing everyone into the light and showing all the new possibilities that will open so many new doors.

Into a New LightWritten by: Courtney Cheek

Thomas Edison and his magnificent light bulb.

Created by Hyun Woo Choi

A group of Chinese men.

Page 4: Gilded Weekly

In a recent twist of events, the Republican Party finally man-aged to pull ahead in the elections, making Rutherford B. Hayes the next President of the United States.

In the election of 1876, nominees Hayes and Tilden faced off in a close match for the presidency. Democratic leader Samuel Tilden man-aged to rack up 184 electoral votes, 1 short of the required major-ity. Both parties sent representatives to the remaining states to try and secure a victory.

Then, all of the states sent in two sets of returns. One

set was undoubtedly all republican votes, while the other consisted of democratic votes. Another problem arose: who would count the votes. The party that counted the votes would undoubtedly win the election.

In a congressional vote of 8 to 7, it was decided that a republican

representative would count the returns, meaning the republi-cans would win the election. Facing defeat, the democratic rep-resentatives decided to filibuster the movement “until hell froze over”.

Finally, congress created what is now being referred to as the Compromise of 1877. The democrats agreed to let Hayes take office, on the condi-tion that the Union troops withdraw from the southern states. In addition, Republicans agreed to subsidize the Texas and Pacific Railroad construction.

This close call finally solved, Hayes becomes president only a few days before his Inauguration. With the nation split so evenly between the two sides, one can only wonder what will happen next.

Democrats Withdraw; Hayes Wins Election

The Gilded Weekly#4Sunday, October 7, 1980

EditorialThe Genius Inventors

Written by: Hyun Woo Choi

Written by: Shehryar Siddiqui

In this cen-tury, there have been numer-ous amounts of inventions. Some of these inven-tions include the typewriter, the telephone, the light bulb, and the phonograph. All of these

magnificent inventions provide differnt functions; however, all of them have brillient inventors.

Thomas Edison, born on February 11, 1847, was a brilliant man. He created the lightbulb and the phonogrpah. He once stated, “Anything that won’t sell, I don’t want to invent. Its sale is proof of utiliy, and utiliy is success.” His saying led him to suc-cess and great inventions. The lightbulb now provies our gloomy houses with lights and the pho-nogrpah provides us with music.

Alexander Graham Bell, born March 3rd, 1847, created the first telephone. Ironically, he grew up to a deaf family; however, his inven-tion of the telephone has helped and still helps us greatly. This pro-vides much faster communication than mail. I personally believed that

mailing news was the slow-est thing to do. My logic was “what if there is an emergen-cy, how would we imme-diately tell s o m e b o d y ? ” A l e x a n d e r Graham Bell once stated, “Before anything else, preparation is the key to success.” His prepara-tion led to his success very well.

Last but not least, Christopher Latham Sholes helped americans develop written documents bet-ter. Born on February 14, 1819, Sholes created the typewriter. The typewriter allowed us Americans to send legible mail rather than messy, scrappy mail.

I personally believe that all the inventions were a great ben-efit to every, if not, almost every, American living on this blessed world. Of course these weren’t all the inventors, but in my book, they were the most beneficial inventors.

In the dawn of our Gilded Age, a new league of men rises to the top of soci-ety. Today, the industrial-ists are chang-ing the world to fit their demands. Great and powerful men such

as Andrew C a r n e g i e , J.P. Morgan, or J.D. Rockefel ler have single-h a n d e d l y r e w o r k e d most of the national busi-

ness and industry. Carnegie, with his empire of steel,

has spread rail-roads across the land, chang-ing the cities and even the economy itself. R o c k e f e l l e r , the king of oil, has turned his massive indus-try into a creature that reaches its tendrils into

every place in the United States. The banker’s banker Morgan is one of the most powerful men in the world. In the past, Morgan has bailed out the U.S. govern-

ment from their troubles. These extraordinary shows

of power make it clear that the current world is com-pletely at the mercy of these mighty new industrialists.

The Dawn of a New EraWritten by: Hyun Woo Choi

Created by Hyun Woo Choi

A respected portrait of Thomas Edison

A respectable por-trait of Christopher Latham Sholes

A respectable por-trait of Alexander Bell

A portrait of Rockefeller A portrait of Morgan

A portrait of Rutherford B. Hayes

Page 5: Gilded Weekly

Letters to the Editor

The Gilded Weekly#5Sunday, October 7, 1980

Written by: Shehryar Siddiqui

Created by Hyun Woo Choi

(Sometime before 1872)

Re: “The Tweed Ring of Tammany Hall”

I recently read your article about the dealings in Tammany Hall and I am shocked about how bad things are there. Boss Tweed is a bad man. As an average American, I think that he’s definitely steal-ing all of my money with his corruption. All those cartoons in the news show the bad things are these days specially in the government and such and bad people using their power to get more money. Him and his friends up in Tammany are ruining our great nation and somebody needs to do some-thing about it. I think Boss Tweed should definitely be in jail and all his friends in Tammany hall too because they’re bad men.

John Davies

New York City

(Around 1882 when the Chinese exclusion act was passed)

Re: “Aliens!”

I am of Chinese. I come America for work and make money to my famle. Now Chi-nese Exlushun make no more China people come America. This no is fair. My famle left in China. America great land much goodness for new people but now no more China peo-ple. People not nice at China people. We only can work make train no much money to China people. Sumbudy need help China people need house need money and bring famle to America.

Wu Tzu Chang

San Francisco

(Anytime before Chinese exclusion act in 1882)

Re :“Aliens!”

My family has lived in America since the very beginning of this great na-tion. For generations we have worked hard to make our living and have raised ourselves by our own bootstraps. Now this wave of new immigrants is threatening to undo everything we have created by ourselves with our own work and efforts to survive. These creatures from foreign nations have no common sense and their breeding like rabbits will soon outnumber and outvote the pure populations. Already the Germans and Irish and Chinese are degrading our government. They bring communism and socialism and anarchy and they work at low prices which undermine our labor unions. There ruining everything. No more immi-grants should be allowed to enter America, for the sake of us all. As a hard working american laborer, I feel threatened by these new people that are coming into my job.

Washington AndrewTexas

Page 6: Gilded Weekly

Best Political Cartoons of the Week

The Gilded Weekly#6Sunday, October 7, 1980

“Slaves were technically allowed to vote now...”Created and Drawn by: Hyunwoo Choi

Slaves are Citizens

Page 7: Gilded Weekly

Future Farmers

The Gilded Weekly#7Sunday, October 7, 1980

Drawn by: Hyun Woo Choi

Created and Drawn by: Thomas Nast

Page 8: Gilded Weekly

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Answers on next week’s news paper.

The Gilded Weekly#8Sunday, October 7, 1980

Page 9: Gilded Weekly

HBCS CorporationsWriters: Hyun Woo Choi, Shehryar Sidiqqui, Brian Tess, Courtney Cheek

Editors: Brian Tess, Shehryar SidiqquiArtists: Hyun Woo Choi, Courtney Cheek.

Designer: Hyun Woo Choi

The Gilded Weekly