gis software introduction
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DESKTOP GIS: AN INTRODUCTION
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Computer-based system to collect, store,
manipulate, analyze, and visualizegeographic informationData from
Maps
Tabular
Data
Field Data
Other
database
A
B
C
D
INPUT
RemoteSensing
Collection
& Input
Storage,
Retrieval
Manipulation
& AnalysisOutput
Data Base Management System
Geographic Information System
Maps
Statistics
Reports
Other
database
OUTPUT
Statistical
Packages
User
Requirements
WHAT IS GIS ?
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Many information includes geographical facts
in the decision making process
Integrates spatial and non-spatial data within a
single system
Allows to manipulate and display geographical
information in a new and exciting ways
Analytical capability of spatial data
Powerful tool for handling spatial data
WHY GIS ?
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Object
Thematic
Aspect
GeometricAspect
Thematic
Properties
Shape & SizePosition &Orientation
STRUCTURE OF SPATIAL DATA
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Computer mapping system
Tool to manage information of an object according
to its geometric and thematic information
DESKTOP GIS: WHAT IT IS AND WHAT IT
DOES?
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Road Network
Land utilization
Population
ChangesMaps in Flash
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FOREST
AGRICULTURE
BRUSH
Criteria
Brush land
500 meters away
from rivers andstreams
300 meters away
from roads
Area greater than
2000sq. meter
Land use Rivers Stream Road
Allows to work with different kind of information
at the same time
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Representation of objects using points, lines, areas
Map scale controls the size of features and shapes
used to represent them
FOREST
LAKE
Maps use graphic symbols to identify features
DESKTOP GIS: HOW IT WORKS ?
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A Desktop GIS stores descriptive information
about map features as attributes
Road-ID Length
(km)
Surface
Material
No. of Lanes Avg. Daily
Traffic
10 5.4 Asphalt 4 3200
20 9.4 Asphalt 4 4000
30 25.3 Concrete 6 7900
Single
Feature
Different
Attributes
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Desktop GIS links features on a map to their
attributes in a table
Land Use Map
Landuse-ID Area Class
10
20
30
40
537456
450321
550765
215730
Forest
Shrub
Agri.
Water
Attribute Table
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With Desktop GIS, You Can get information about any
specific features and display its attributes by -
ASKING QUESTIONS - GETTING ANSWERS
- Pointing on it
- Selecting with a box
- Selecting with a circle
- Selecting in a attribute table
- Query builder
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By Pointing
Parcel-Id:404
Area: 1000 sq.ft.
Owner: Mr. ThompsonDate of Purchase: A pril 1st, 1998
Value: US$ 200,000House No.: 144
Area: 250 sq.ft.Bed Rooms: 4
Bath Rooms: 2
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Select features by selecting their attributes in a table
Landuse-ID Area Class
10
20
30
40
537456
450321
550765
215730
Forest
Shrub
Agri.
Water
Attribute Table Land Use Map
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Search features by entering a request: QUERY
- Which houses have 4 bed rooms and tile roofs and area > 1800
sq.ft.
- What is the total area of forest area, shrub land, agricultural area,
water body, etc.
- What is the total length of particular type of road
- Which district have population density > 1500 per sq.km.
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Buildings
Desktop GIS Database stores related map
features as separate map themes
Spatial
Overlay
Combined ThemesRivers
Roads
Soil
Land Use
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When you have to present information to others, you
need to think about:
MAKING INFORMATION PRESENTABLE
To whom you are presenting to
Apply filter to show features that are important
Choose the most appropriate symbols and colors
To reduce the number of symbols and make the
map easier to understand, divide or classify the
values into groups
Contents of a map
- Primary content: the main theme
- Secondary content: base maps and basic map information
- Supportive contents: title, legend, scale, north arrow, etc.
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INTRODUCTION TO ARCVIEW
Access many data
sources within one
environment
Desktop Mapping
System
Desktop version of ARC/INFO
Allows to visualize,update, analyze,
and quality
presentation of
information
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ARCVIEW MODULES (EXTENSIONS)
ARCVIEW
Spatial
Analyst
ImageAnalyst
Network
Analyst
CADReader
3D
Analyst
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A Theme is a set of geographic features. It representsa source of geographic data.
ARC/INFO
coverage or ArcView shapefile.
CAD drawings
Satellite Images
Table containing XY
coordinates
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An interactive map that
lets to display, explore,
query and analyze
geographic data in
ARCVIEW
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Descriptive information of a theme
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Visual
representation of
data in a table
Dynamically linked
to the maps in a
view
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Layouts are
presentations that
includes any
components that we create in
ArcView
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Automate tasks
Add new capabilities to
ArcView
Build completeapplications
Programs written in ArcView·s programming
language - AVENUE
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A project is the file
which contains all the
view, tables, charts,
layouts and scripts that
are used for a particular ArcView application
A project file is an ASCII
file with .apr extension
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Views
Tables
Charts
Layouts
Scripts
Tabular
Information
Information
in Charts
Presentations
Programming
PROJECT
Road
River
Land Use
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