gladiators intro
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Modern Stereotypes
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Thumbs Down!
Jean-Lon Grme. Police Verso (Thumbs Down), 1872
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Types of Evidence
Literary (Mahoney)
Material
Artistic Representations
Artifacts (Equipment)
Tombstones
InscriptionsTerracotta Figurine of a Gladiator in the New
York Metropolitan Museum of Art
Roman, 1st-2nd century AD
Accession # 10.210.78
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Material Evidence
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Types of Gladiators
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Some gladiatorial vocabulary: tiro: a gladiatorial recruit veteranus: those gladiators who had fought at least once lanista: a gladiatorial trainer armatura: gladiatorial equipment Myrmillo: heavily-armed footman with a fish on his helmet Hoplomachus heavyily-armed footman, Greek style: round shield, sword, greave Samnite: heavily-armed footman, Samnium style, rectangular shield, sword,
and greaves, 4th
century BC-1st
century BC Secutor: heavily-armed footman, trained to fight Retiarius, ~50 AD, small eye holes in
helmet, rounded, rectangular shield Thraex: (Thracian) light-armed footman, small, rectangular shield and reversed sickle
for slashing at an opponents back Retiarius: unhelmeted footman armed with only tunic, net, trident
and dagger Bestiarius light-armed gladiator trained to fight animals (bestiae)
essedarius: chariot fighter familia: a troop of gladiators ludus: a place of residence and training of gladiators ludia: female gladiator; women associated with gladiators; "a
female slave attached to a gladiatorial ludus"(OLD)
munus: gladiatorial show
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Retiarius
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Thraex
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Place Your Bet!
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Thraex vs. Myrmillo
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Secutor
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Zliten Mosaic
Originally in a Roman seaside villa
Now in Archaeological Musuem
Tripoli, Tunisia
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Fragment of a ReliefShowing Gladiators in
the New York
Metropolitan Museum
of Art
Roman, 1st-3rd century
AD
Recorded ca. 1880 in
the Vigna Aquari in
Rome.Accession # 57.11.
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Gladiator cup,
ca. 5080 A.D.;
NeronianEarly
FlavianicRoman; Found at
Montagnole,
southern France
Now in New York
Metropolitan
Museum of Art
Glass; H. 2 7/8 in.
(7.3 cm), Diam. 3
1/8 in. (7.9 cm)
Gift of Henry G.
Marquand, 1881
(81.10.245)
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Ancient Mosaic
now in Bourghese Gallery, Rome
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Gladiator Mosaic
(Germany)
http://romanhistorybooksandmore.freeservers.com/p_kreuzn_g.htm
http://romanhistorybooksandmore.freeservers.com/p_kreuzn_g.htmhttp://romanhistorybooksandmore.freeservers.com/p_kreuzn_g.htm -
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Gladitorial Tombstones
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Win, Lose, Die
If you won, you left out a gate called thePorta
Triumphalis
If you lost, you left out a gate called thePorta Sanavivaria
If you died, two people dressed as Charon and Mercury
would come out.
Charon would strike the body with a mallet
Mercury would poke it with his staff (really a hidden hot poker)
Body put on a couch and carried out thePorta Libitinaria/lesser
games hooked and dragged Body taken to nearby morgue and the throat was slit to make sure
it wasnt fixed