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INTRODUCTION

HISTORY

MAJOR CONTRIBUTORS

GLOBAL AID STATISTICS

POVERTY REDUCTIONPOVERTY REDUCTION

DISEASE CONTROLDISEASE CONTROL

EDUCATIONEDUCATION

NATURAL CALAMITIESNATURAL CALAMITIES

OTHERSOTHERS

BARRIERSBARRIERS

A DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVEA DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVE

CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION



4 DONORS ?

AID AGENCIESAID AGENCIES

MULTILATERAL INSTITUTIONSMULTILATERAL INSTITUTIONS

DEVELOPMENT CHARITIESDEVELOPMENT CHARITIES

3 VIEWS

NATIONAL BRIBERY NATIONAL BRIBERY

CHARITYCHARITY

STRATEGIC INVESTMENTSTRATEGIC INVESTMENT

2 TYPES

HUMANATARIANHUMANATARIAN AIDAID

DEVELOPMENTDEVELOPMENTAIDAID

MILITARY ASSISTANCEMILITARY ASSISTANCE

FOODFOOD AIDAID

1 WHAT IS GLOBAL AID ?



1812

1812 : US CONGRESS

PASSES ACT FOR RELIEF (

VENEZUELA )

1929

1929 : FIRST UK

COLONIAL

DEVELOPMENT ACT1942

1942 : FORMATION OF

THE UNITED NATIONS

1946

1946 : FORMATION

OF UNICEF

1947

1947 : LAUNCHING

OF MARSHALLPLAN

1958

1958 : FORMATION

OF INDIA

CONSORTIA

1975 1975 : International

Development and food

assistance act

20052005 : Paris declaration on

aid effectiveness

2008

2008 : THIRD HIGH LEVEL

FORUM ON AID

EFFECTIVENESS -ACCRA



UNITED STATES OF AMERICAUNITED STATES OF AMERICA

UNITED KINGDOMUNITED KINGDOM

FRANCEFRANCE

GERMANY

JAPANJAPAN

NETHERLANDS NETHERLANDS

SPAINSPAIN

CANADACANADA

NORWAY

SWEDENSWEDEN



0 10 20 30 40

USA

UK

FRANCEGERMANY

JAPAN

NETHERLANDS

SPAIN

CANADANORWAY

SWEDEN

AUSTRALIA

30.154

13.763

12.916

12.723

11.045

6.351

5.917

5.132

4.582

4.527

3.849

AID $ BILLION (2010)



At the end of June 30, 2010, the World Bank group had 75 active projects in India. The net commitment

for these projects was about $21.4 billion. New lending in FY10

(1 July 2009- 30 June 2010) amounted to $9.3 billion.

Commitments FY 05 FY 06 FY 07 FY 08 FY 09 FY 10

New Lending

( $ Billion )

2.9 1.4 3.7 2.7 2.3 9.3

TOTALCOMMITMENT

( $ Billion )

12.8 11.3 14.3 13.8 14.9 21.4

TOTAL NUMBER OF

ACTIVE PROJECTS64 56 67 60 61 75



UNDP PROJECTS IN INDIAUNDP PROJECTS IN INDIA

TAMIL NADU POVERTY REDUCTION PROJECTTAMIL NADU POVERTY REDUCTION PROJECT

Chhattisgarh poverty reduction projectChhattisgarh poverty reduction project

Andhra Pradesh rural poverty reduction projectAndhra Pradesh rural poverty reduction project



National and State-Level Support to Livelihood Promotion Strategies

Budget: US $ 1.3 Million DURATION : 2009 - 2012

CURRENT UNDP PROJECTS IN INDIACURRENT UNDP PROJECTS IN INDIA

State-Level Support to Livelihood Promotion Strategies (Rajasthan)

Budget: US $ 2.5 Million DURATION : 2008 - 2012

Women¶s Social, Economic and Political Empowerment in Eastern UPBudget: US $ 5.82 Million DURATION : 2009 - 2013

National Strategy for Urban Poor

Budget: US $ 5 Million DURATION : 2003 - 2011

K EY ACHIEVEMENTS BY UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMSK EY ACHIEVEMENTS BY UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS

1. More than 300,000 livelihoods generated

2. More than 2,500 self help groups (SHGs) have benefitted 30,080 poor people through the

Jharkhand Livelihood Promotion Society

3. an integrated project on women¶s social, economic and political empowerment was piloted with

50,000 women in 500 villages of eastern Uttar Pradesh.

4. 270,000 people in the Marwar region of Rajasthan have access to water through 294 water

harvesting structures

5. A national strategy on urban poverty reduction has been developed for 11 cities

6. 36 locations across 20 states developed as pilots for rural tourism.



WORLD BANK PROJECTS IN INDIAWORLD BANK PROJECTS IN INDIA

ANDHRA PRADESH RURAL POVERTY REDUCTION PROJECTANDHRA PRADESH RURAL POVERTY REDUCTION PROJECT

COVERAGE :COVERAGE : 548 Mandals in 16 districts

TOTAL COST : US $ 150 MILLIONTOTAL COST : US $ 150 MILLION

APPROVAL DATE : 29APPROVAL DATE : 29thth February 2003February 2003

PROJECT DETAILS

Institutions and human capital building

Community investment fund

Support to Pilot Programs

Support to Elimination of Child Labor

Support For Persons With Disabilities

ACHIEVEMENTSACHIEVEMENTS

1. Credit Access increased from less than 500,000 in the year 2000 to more than 6 million in 2006.

2. Banks now lend 20 times more to the rural poor than before the project,

3. Cumulative savings of poor households reached $292 million in 2006.

4. More than 1.2 million rural poor have insurance coverage (>1000 Before).

5. Nearly 8 million poor women in rural areas have been organized into 629,870 self-help groups and 28,282

village organizations.

6. Some 20,600 young people were trained and offered placement in the service and construction sectors

7. Sample impact on individual beneficiary: The annual income of the Appamma family went from $133

before joining a participating self-help group to $2,100.




TAMIL NADU EMPOWERMENT AND POVERTY REDUCTION PROJECTTAMIL NADU EMPOWERMENT AND POVERTY REDUCTION PROJECT

COVERAGE : 2300 VILLAGES , 15 DISTRICTSCOVERAGE : 2300 VILLAGES , 15 DISTRICTS


APPROVAL DATE : 12APPROVAL DATE : 12thth July 2005July 2005


1. About 87 percent of target households² 159,000 households²increased their incomes by 60 to 80

percent. About 182,900 ultra poor and tribal households have formed into some 17,266 self-help

groups.

2. 75 percent of all disabled people (almost 97,000) organizing into self-help groups, up from 3

percent in 2005.

3. Self-help groups obtained more than US$9 million in microloans

4. Indebtedness decreased, declining from 44 percent in 2005 to less than 13 percent by the end of

2008.

5. Participation in community governance meetings, including by women and the poorest, has risen

from 5 percent in 2005 to 75 percent by year¶s end 2008.

6. More than 37,000 young people received skills training, of which 85 percent found gainful

employment.




CHHATTISGARH RURAL POVERTY REDUCTION PROJECTCHHATTISGARH RURAL POVERTY REDUCTION PROJECT

COVERAGE : 2000 VILLAGES , 16 DISTRICTSCOVERAGE : 2000 VILLAGES , 16 DISTRICTS

COMMITMENT AMOUNT : US $ 112.56 MILLIONCOMMITMENT AMOUNT : US $ 112.56 MILLION

APPROVAL DATE : 24APPROVAL DATE : 24thth April 2003April 2003


1. 70,000 families have been benefited.

2. The project has sanctioned more than Rs. 610 millions for the construction purposes

3. Sanctioned Rs. 48.3 millions for construction of Gram Panchayats buildings and 153 buildings

have been completed

4. The project has facilitated Economic Assistance worth Rs. 260 millions for 18145 agricultural families

( 19229 acres )

5. A financial assistance worth Rs. 320 million to 3668 Common Interest Groups [CIG] consisting 18340 families.

6. Economic assistance of Rs. 300 million to 10785 families engaged in local and traditional income

generating activities.

7. A financial assistance worth Rs. 190 million to 23130 rural poor families engaged in micro enterprises.

STATISTICS

According to the 2010 report of the United Nations on the Millennium

Development Goals (MDGs), India is expected to reduce its poverty rate from 51 per

cent in 1990 to 24 per cent in 2015, reducing its number of extremely poor by 188

million.

The overall poverty rate is expected to fall to 15 per cent by 2015, which translates

into around 920 million people living under international poverty line- half the

number in 1990.



TUBERCULOSISTUBERCULOSIS

MALARIAMALARIA

HIV / AIDSHIV / AIDS



TUBERCULOSISTUBERCULOSIS

FACTS

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by a Bacterium, Mycobacterium

tuberculosis. It is spread through the air by a person suffering from TB. A single patient

can infect 10 or more people in a year.

Every year , 1.8 million persons develop the disease, of which about 800,000 are

infectious; and, until recently, 370,000 died of it annually ² 1,000 every day.

An estimated 100 million workdays are lost due to illness. Society and the country also

incur a huge cost due to TB²nearly US$ 3 billion in indirect costs and US$ 300 million

in direct costs.

Revised National TB Control Programme (RNTCP)

Was based on the DOTS ( DIRECTLY OBSERVED TREATMENT SHORT COURSE )

Chemotherapy strategy

Was implemented in INDIA for a population of 2.35 million in 5 sites in different states

(Delhi, Kerala, West Bengal, Maharashtra, and Gujarat).

WORLD BANK AID FOR THE PROJECT : $ 142 Million

Commencement Date : May 1997

ACHIEVEMNTS

1. By 2000, 30%of the country¶s population was covered, By 2002, 50%of the country¶s population

was covered.

2. By the end of 2003, 778 million and at the end of 2004 the coverage reached to 997 million.

3. By December 2005, around 97% (about 1080 million) had been covered, and the entire country

was covered under DOTS by 24th March 2006.

4. Every day in India, under the RNTCP, more than 15,000 suspects are being examined for TB, free

of charge.

5. Treatment success rates have tripled from 25% in the earlier programme to 86%in RNTCP.

6. By December 2009, more than 11 million patients have been initiated on treatment, saving more

than 2 million additional lives.

Measures undertaken to control TB UNDER RNTCP

1. SERVICES INCluding DRUGS ± FREE OF COST

2. HIGH QUALITY SPUTUM MICROSCOPY WITH PROMPT REPORTING OF RESULTS

3. HIGH QUALITY EVALUATION AND APP. TREATMENT

4. HIGH QUALITY DRUGS

5. UNINTERRUPTED SUPPLY OF DRUGS TO THE FULL REQUIREMENT

6. PROVISION OF DOTS BY THE GENERAL HEALTH SERVICES OR BY COMMUNITY

VOLUNTEERS

7. TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE



MALARIAMALARIA

FACTS

1. Malaria and other vector-borne diseases are the most widespread cause of death, disability and

economic loss in India

2. A severe and often fatal form of malaria - Plasmodium Falciparum (Pf) ± has been rising rapidly

in India since the 1980s

3. In 2009, India¶s public health system reported around 1.5 million malaria cases.

4. Some analysts estimate that the total number of malaria cases in India could well range between

60-75 million each year.

NATIONAL VECTOR BORNE DISEASE CONTROL PROGRAM

(NVBDCP)

Covered 1045 tribal blocks (PHCs) in 100 districts in 8 states.


Commencement Date : February 2003

Measures undertaken to control malaria

Case detection and treatment

Indoor residual spray

Use of Insecticide Treated Bed Nets (ITBN)

Biological control

Weekly monitoring of malaria incidence

ACHIEVEMENTS

1. Reduction in morbidity and mortality due to malaria: A 45 percent decline.

2. In addition, mortality in these districts fell by 58 percent. lowered malaria morbidity by 65 percent to 70

percent, 50 ± 55 % ( MP and Chhattisgarh).

3. Nationwide, the malaria morbidity declined by 38 percent during the same period.

4. 5 million bed nets have been distributed.

5. More than 316,000 Drug Distribution centers, fever treatment depots, and malaria link volunteers arefunctional in all project districts.

6. About 470 district-level and 21,000 block-level hatcheries of larvivorous fish have been established.

YEAR Blood smear

collected

Total malaria cases PF

Cases

% Increase or

Decrease

Malaria

Cases

P F

Cases

2004 9761255 7222807 66440 70.41 109.6

2005 10976660 177936 31199 -20.1 -59.8

2006 10951405 93071 19510 -47.62 -37.01

2007 9504240 71121 18407 -23.45 -6.68

2008 9065142 51161 11712 -28.06 -36.37



HIV / AIDSHIV / AIDS

FACTS

1. There are more than 5.1 million individuals infected with HIV .Total number of AIDS

cases in 2002 was estimated to be about 550,000.

2. By the end of 2005 the total number of reported AIDS cases in India was 116,905, One-

Third of these were younger than 30 years.

3. In many situations a patient will die without HIV having been diagnosed,

4. The National Family Health Survey, which tested more than 100,000 people for HIV,

found prevalence to be higher in urban areas (0.35%) than in rural areas (0.25%).

ACHIEVEMENTS

NATIONAL AIDS CONTROL PROGRAM (NACP II)

The Second National HIV/AIDS Control Project will support the Government¶s efforts to prevent the

spread and mitigate the impact of HIV/AIDS in the country .


Commencement Date : September 1999

Measures undertaken to control HIV / AIDS

1. Prevention is the top priority of the project. Reached 80 percent of high-risk groups over a five-year

period.

2. Supported scaling up of interventions in highly vulnerable sub-sections of society such as long distance

truckers and short duration migrant workers.

3. Provided treatment, care and support to people living with the disease is a key component of the project.

4. Strengthened and developed skills within NACO, The State AIDS Control Societies and NGOs associated

with the program.



CHANGE ?CHANGE ?



GUJRAT EMERGENCY EARTHQUAK E RECONSTRUCTION PROJECTGUJRAT EMERGENCY EARTHQUAK E RECONSTRUCTION PROJECT

EMERGENCY TSUNAMI RECONSTRUCTION PROJECTEMERGENCY TSUNAMI RECONSTRUCTION PROJECT



GUJRAT EMERGENCY EARTHQUAK E RECONSTRUCTION PROJECTGUJRAT EMERGENCY EARTHQUAK E RECONSTRUCTION PROJECT

Agency :Agency : GujratGujrat state disaster management authoritystate disaster management authority

TOTAL COST : US $ 442.8 MILLIONTOTAL COST : US $ 442.8 MILLION

APPROVAL DATE 2APPROVAL DATE 2ndnd may 2002may 2002

FACTS

1. The 2001 Gujarat earthquake occurred on January 26, 2001, India's 51st Republic Day, at

08:46, the epicenter being Bhuj.

2. The quake killed around 20,000 people and destroyed nearly 400,000 homes.

3. The shock waves spread 700 km. and 600,000 people left homeless.

4. The final death toll in Kutch was 12,220

RECOVERY PROCEDURE

Debris removal, salvage and recycling

Construction of temporary shelter

Reconstruction of more than 230,000 houses

Repair and strengthening of over 1,000,000 houses

ACHIEVEMENTS

1. It was reported that the PDR effort was the most expansive and fastest reconstruction andrehabilitation program of its kind.

2. By 2004 98% of the total 222035 houses had been reconstructed.

3. It was deemed very successful that only two percent of communities were fully relocated and

five percent were partially relocated (Thiruppugazh).

4. The work of GSDMA has also been recognized with international recognition for it

initiatives and implementation of the GEERP, where it has received rewards from the UN

and the World Bank.



EMERGENCY TSUNAMI RECONSTRUCTION PROJECTEMERGENCY TSUNAMI RECONSTRUCTION PROJECT

Agency :Agency : Government of Tamil Nadu


APPROVAL DATE : 3APPROVAL DATE : 3rdrd may 2005may 2005

TSUNAMI FACTS ( India )

More than 1,800 people were feared killed tsunamis slammed into the southern peninsular coast

of India

At least 1,500 died in Tamil Nadu alone

In Nagapattinam district, around 700 people died, followed by Kanyakumari (250) and

Cuddalore (200).

In Pondicherry, at least 102 deaths were reported.

RECOVERY PROCEDURE

Housing Reconstruction

Restoration of Livelihoods

Public Buildings and Public Works

Technical Assistance and Training

ACHIEVEMENTS

1. Housing: The Project supported construction of about 11,000 houses.

2. Livelihoods: The reconstruction of four fishing harbors , reclamation of agriculture lands has

resumed.

3. Public Buildings etc: Repair and restoration of most public has been completed. The

plantation of shelter belt and mangroves along the coast line has also been accomplished.

4. Technical Assistance: Consultants are being hired for demarcating High Tide Line on the

Tamil Nadu coast, for assessing vulnerabilities, and for preparing coastal management plans.



THIRD DISTRICT PRIMARY EDUCATION PROJECT , BIHAR THIRD DISTRICT PRIMARY EDUCATION PROJECT , BIHAR

SECOND RAJASTHAN DISTRICT PRIMARY EDUCATION PROJECTSECOND RAJASTHAN DISTRICT PRIMARY EDUCATION PROJECT

ELEMENTARY EDUCATION PROJECT ( SARVA SHIK SHA ABHIYAN )ELEMENTARY EDUCATION PROJECT ( SARVA SHIK SHA ABHIYAN )



TOTAL PROJECT COST : USD $ 122 Million

Coverage : 12 districts in Bihar

APPROVAL DATE : 4th December 1997

THIRD DISTRICT PRIMARY EDUCATION PROJECT , BIHAR THIRD DISTRICT PRIMARY EDUCATION PROJECT , BIHAR PROJECT OBJECTIVES

Expanding access to primary education, particularly for disadvantaged groups.

Increasing retention and improving learning achievements in primary school.

Improving state and district capacity to manage primary education.

ACHIEVEMENTS

1. Enrolled more than 5.8 million students from both Bihar and Jharkhand.

2. In Bihar alone, some 3.7 million students have Enrolled in government schools and

440,756 in alternative schools.

3. In Jharkhand, close to 1 million students have joined government schools and 350,742 alternative schools.

4. In Bihar , retention has improved from 29 percent to 45 percent and in Jharkhand from

45 percent to 64 percent.



TOTAL PROJECT COST : USD $ 74.4 Million

Coverage : The districts of Bharatpur , Bundi, Churu, Dholpur , Dausa, Hanumangarha, Jaipur ,

Karoli and Sawaimadhopur.

APPROVAL DATE : 21st June 2001

SECOND RAJASTHAN DISTRICT PRIMARY EDUCATION PROJECTSECOND RAJASTHAN DISTRICT PRIMARY EDUCATION PROJECTPROJECT OBJECTIVES

Expanding access, retention, and enrollments

Pedagogical renewal approach for continuous support for teacher development.

Building the capacity of the state project office to manage primary education at the state ,

district, and local levels.

ACHIEVEMENTS

1. In terms of access, about 95 percent of habitations in the nine Project districts have been provided with formal schools, and the rest have some form of alternative

schooling facilities.

2. The gross enrolment rate had increased from 57 percent in 2001 to 95.4 percent in

December 2004.

3. Training has helped improve teacher performance, as has the use of child-centeredteaching methodologies and teaching-learning materials.

4. The Project has helped set up 1,103 alternative schools and added 2,401 classrooms to

existing school facilities.



TOTAL PROJECT COST : USD $ 500 Million

Coverage : NATIONWIDE

APPROVAL DATE : 20th April 2004

ELEMENTARY EDUCATION PROJECT ( SARVA SHIK SHA ABHIYAN )ELEMENTARY EDUCATION PROJECT ( SARVA SHIK SHA ABHIYAN )PROJECT OBJECTIVES

Improving access to elementary education

Narrowing existing gender and social gaps

Improving quality of education

ACHIEVEMENTS

1. The primary beneficiaries are expected to be 9 million children .

2. SSA program efforts were complemented by investments from other parallel programs (e.g.

the mid-day meal scheme, teacher education and tribal programs) and from households.

3. Appointment of large number of teachers to address the issue of Pupil- Teacher Ratio,

increased availability of textbooks, Teaching- Learning Materials, and onsite support system

for teachers.

4. Village education committees slowly taking charge of the construction of schools andmanaging school grants under the program.

STATISTICS

1. India has shown a phenomenal increase in literacy over the years.

2. Before the commencement of education projects , India¶s literacy was around 64 % Approximately

in 2004 .

3. In 2011 , the same is approximately 74 % , which shows a phenomenal rise of 10 % in just 7 years.

4. Current statistics ( Gender ± Wise ) for literacy in the Country Are as follows :

Census 2011 India Male Literacy Rate - 82.14% ( From 75 % )

Census 2011 India Female Literacy Rate - 65.46% ( From 49 % )



K arnataka Watershed Development ProjectK arnataka Watershed Development Project

Orissa Health Systems Development ProjectOrissa Health Systems Development Project

Rajasthan Water Sector Restructuring ProjectRajasthan Water Sector Restructuring Project

InIn ± ± Telecommunications Sector Reform Technical Assistance ProjectTelecommunications Sector Reform Technical Assistance Project



Poor GovernancePoor Governance

Restrictions on People + Tied AidRestrictions on People + Tied Aid

Poor EducationPoor Education



Poverty Reduction and Productivity GrowthPoverty Reduction and Productivity Growth

From Loans To GrantsFrom Loans To Grants

Policy PerformancePolicy Performance



Evita Peron

Charity separates the rich from the poor; Aid raises the needy and sets him on the

same level with the rich.

With the tendency to help others, along with global aid it is possible to make

the world flat.

³Which is equal for all.´

Thomas Friedman

Substantial Change or Not « You Decide !

1. During the past 40 years, life expectancy in developing countries has risen by 20 years

2. During the past 30 years, adult illiteracy in the developing world has been nearly halved to 25 percent.

3. During the past 20 years, the absolute number of people living on less than US$1 a day has begun to fall

for the first time, even as the world's population has grown by 1.6 billion people.

4. During the last decade, growth in the developing world has outpaced that in developed countries, helping

to provide jobs and boost revenues poor countries' governments need to provide essential services.

Remember ..This is

JUST

THE

BEGINING .. !BEGINING .. !



Marshall PlanMarshall Plan

1. The Marshall Plan (officially the European Recovery Program, ERP) was the large-scale

economic American program of cash grants to Europe (with no repayment), 1947 ± 1951.

2. The goal of the United States was rebuilding a war-devastated region, removing trade barriers,

modernizing industry, and making Europe prosperous again.



How does a country become a member of the World Bank?

Under the Articles of Agreement of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development

(IBRD), a country must first join the International Monetary Fund (IMF) prior to becoming a member

of the Bank. Membership in IDA, IFC, and MIGA is conditioned upon membership in IBRD.



IMF QUALIFICATIONS

Qualification aims to establish that, based on their track r ecor ds and policy frameworks, ther eis sufficient confidence that countries r equesting a PCL will adapt necessary economic policies and undertake appropriate measur es to r educe their r emaining vulnerabilities without extensive conditionality and intensive monitoring.

At the heart of this qualification process is an assessment²conducted by IMF staff andBoar d²that the country does not have an actual balance of payments need at the time of theapproval of the arrangement, and that the country

(i) has sound economic fundamentals and policy frameworks;(ii) is implementing ± and has a track r ecor d of implementing ± sound policies; and(iii) r emains committed to maintaining such policies in the futur e.



PPP

Public±private partnership (PPP) describes a government ser vice or private business ventur e which is funded and operated through a partnership of government and one or mor e private sector companies.

These schemes ar e sometimes r ef err ed to as PPP, P3 or P3.

PPP involves a contract between a public sector authority and a private party, in which theprivate party provides a public ser vice or project and assumes substantial financial, technical and operational risk in the project.



World Bank Branches

International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD)International Development Association (IDA).International Finance Cor poration (IFC)Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA)International Centr e for the Settlement of Investment Disputes(ICSID)

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