global assessment report for disaster risk reduction 2011
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Global Assessment Report for Disaster Risk Reduction 2011
About ISDR and DRR
• Successor programme of the IDNDR (International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction, 1989-1999)
• GA Res 54/219 and 56/195 establish the secretariat, under the authority of the USG for Humanitarian Affairs, and the IATF-DRR
• GA Res A/RES/61/198 transforms the IATF-DR into the Global Platform for DRR, thus including Governments
ISDR: International Strategy for Disaster Reduction
What is Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR)?
• A conceptual framework consisting of ways and means:– To minimize vulnerabilities and disaster risks.– To avoid (prevention) or to limit (mitigation and
preparedness) the adverse impacts of hazards within the broad context of sustainable development.
World Conference on Disaster Reduction
Hyogo Framework for Action 2005-2015 (HFA) - Building the resilience of nations and communities to disasters
• 168 Governments, 78 regional and int’l orgs, and 161 NGOs attended
• Integrate disaster risk reduction into policies, plans and programmes of sustainable development and poverty reduction
• Recognize risk reduction as both a humanitarian and development issue – in the context of sustainable development
• Focus on national and local implementation, with bilateral, multilateral, regional and international cooperation
World Conference on Disaster Reduction
Hyogo Framework for Action 2005-2015 (HFA)
• Three strategic goals:•The integration of disaster risk reduction into sustainable development policies and planning•The development and strengthening of institutions, mechanisms and capacities to build resilience to hazards•The systematic incorporation of risk reduction approaches into the implementation of emergency preparedness, response and recovery programmes
World Conference on Disaster Reduction
Hyogo Framework for Action 2005-2015 (HFA)
• Five priorities for action:•Governance: ensure that disaster risk reduction is a national and local priority with strong institutional basis for implementation•Risk identification: identify, assess and monitor disaster risks and enhance early warning•Knowledge: use knowledge, innovation and education to build a culture of safety and resilience at all levels•Reducing the underlying risk factors in various sectors (environment, health, construction, etc.)•Strengthen disaster preparedness for effective response
Build a disaster risk reduction
movement – ISDR system Our objective: To reduce disaster risk,
worldwide, focussing on nations and communities
The instrument: Hyogo Framework for Action 2005-2015
The vehicle: ISDR system - ‘movement ’
About the GAR
Global Assessment Reports (GAR)
• Both a product and process – for evidence generation and policy engagement
• Engaging partners from governments, UN agencies, international organisations, civil society organisation, academic institutions and many more since 2007
• Two iterations, in 2009 and 2011• Both launched by UN Secretary General and received highest level of attention
• Informed the 2nd and 3rd session of the Global Platform
Global Assessment Report (GAR)
• More than 500,000 chapter down loads• More than 10,000 copies distributed• More than 130 governments participated in reviewing their progress in DRR
• More than 25 countries developed national disaster loss databases
• More than 30 organizations participated in research and analysis
GAR 2009: Risk and poverty in a changing climate
• Focused on the identification of drivers of risk and what needs doing
• Increase our understanding of the causal factors of risk and of it’s consequences for human and economic development
• Propose policy initiatives to address gaps and challenges
GAR 2011: Revealing Risk, Redefining Development
• Focused on drivers of risk reduction and on how to address the challenges in doing so
• Provided policy recommendations for governments to adapt and use public investment planning, social protection and other development instruments to upscale risk reduction
• Revealed some new and key aspects of disaster risk and trends in risk reduction
GAR 2009 Main Findings
Disaster risk is intensively concentrated
it’s unevenly distributed…..
22.5 million exposed per year
GDPcap. US$31,267
HDI =0.953
Mortality ratio = 1
16 million exposed per year
GDP cap. US$5,137
HDI = 0.771
Mortality ratio = 17
…… is increasing globally
and….. hits small countries hardest.
Global risk is driven by poverty and weak governance
Risk is also extensively spread …..
………….and increasing rapidly
….. feeds back into poverty
driven by…….. deficient urban and local governance
...vulnerable rural livelihoods
and ... declining ecosystem services
……magnified by climate change
Mixed progress in reducing risk
the key message
In order to:
Reduce disaster risk and achieving the Hyogo Framework of ActionAdapt to climate changeAchieve the Millennium Development Goals Goals
Address the underlying risk drivers:
poor urban governance; ecosystem decline; vulnerable rural livelihoods
GAR 2011 Main Findings
2011 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction Revealing Risk, Redefining Development
2011 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction Revealing Risk, Redefining Development
Growing losses – insignificant investment
in disaster risk management
Disaster losses by Presidential period Mexico 1982 – 2009
2011 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction Revealing Risk, Redefining Development
Increased exposure of people and economic activities to weather-
related hazards
2011 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction Revealing Risk, Redefining Development
Population exposed to tropical cyclones, China coast section
2011 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction Revealing Risk, Redefining Development
Falling mortality – rising economic loss risk
2011 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction Revealing Risk, Redefining Development
Cyclone mortality risk
Flood economic loss risk
2011 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction Revealing Risk, Redefining Development
A real-time window on investment in risk
2011 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction Revealing Risk, Redefining Development
2011 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction Revealing Risk, Redefining Development
Risk – the future. Synchronic failures and sequential crisis ?
2011 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction Revealing Risk, Redefining Development
Populations and economies exposed to tsunamis
2011 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction Revealing Risk, Redefining Development
Mixed progress towards achieving the HFA
2011 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction Revealing Risk, Redefining Development
2011 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction Revealing Risk, Redefining Development
2011 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction Revealing Risk, Redefining Development
Low investment in vulnerability reduction
2011 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction Revealing Risk, Redefining Development
Systematically account for disaster losses
Number of education facilities damaged (1970-2009) Kilometers of road damaged (1970-2009)per province (Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Panama, Peru, Venezuela)
2011 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction Revealing Risk, Redefining Development
What is destroyed and by what type of disaster?
Intense and strong but rare disasters
Weak and extensive but common disasters
2011 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction Revealing Risk, Redefining Development
2011 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction Revealing Risk, Redefining Development
Typhoon severity, and causes of disasters
Vulnerability
Exposure
Stronger typhoons
The stronger the typhoon, the less effective vulnerability reduction is
2011 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction Revealing Risk, Redefining Development
Use public investment planning
2011 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction Revealing Risk, Redefining Development
“Prevention is better than cure”
Planning is better than relocation or retrofitting
2011 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction Revealing Risk, Redefining Development
2011 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction Revealing Risk, Redefining Development
2011 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction Revealing Risk, Redefining Development
… be selective in corrective investments
Targeted investment in a few infrastructure projects yields more benefits
2011 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction Revealing Risk, Redefining Development
Protect the most vulnerable
2011 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction Revealing Risk, Redefining Development
Employment Guarantee Programmes
Conditional Cash Transfers
2011 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction Revealing Risk, Redefining Development
Reform risk governance
2011 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction Revealing Risk, Redefining Development