Cultivation of Human Resources Through Project-based R&D

Nov. 6, 2008

Prof. Young-Keun ChangKorea Aerospace University/

KOSEF

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Contents

1. Introduction

2. Characteristics of Cultivation of Human Resources in the Field of Space Technology

3. Paradigm Shift from Supplier-driven Method to User-driven Method

4. A Change of Educational Method

5. Establishment of Space (Professional) Graduate School

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6. Conclusions

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Introduction

1. Projected Demands for Professionals

2. Status of Budget Funding

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1. Projected Demands for Professionals

❐ As of 2005, professionals related to space development is about 1,300, and is consistently increasing according to increasing funding

❐ Expected demand for 2007~2016 is 3,600 for successful national space development program (average of 10% annually)

FieldSatellite Bus

Launcher and Space Center

Basic R&D and

Satellite Application

Total

Space Technology Development (person)

1,200 1,400 1,000 3,600

In Field of Space Technology

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– Projected funding during 2007~2016 national space development period

18,0348,3009,734Satellite Bus

35,71920,25015,469Total

1,315950365Basic R&D,

Etc.

16,37011,0005,370Launcher & Space Center

Total’12~’16’07~’11Type

(Unit : 100 million won)

2. Status of Budget Funding (1/2) - Projected

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– 1.7 trillion won budgeted for ’96~’07 period by government

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 (yr)0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

(M won)

Government funding has been increasing according to space development plans

2. Status of Budget Funding (2/2) - History

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The current supply of qualified professionals cannot

meet the demands of the industry and society, and

a systematic and structured education and cultivation

plan for future professionals is desperately needed

in order to accommodate the growth in technology

development trends.

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Characteristics of Cultivation of Human Resources in the Field of Space Technology

1. ST-‘Mega Science System’

2. Multidisciplinary Fusion Subject

3. Education through R&D

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❐ ST is fusion of various services and technologies- Development of satellites, launchers, payloads- Utilization of ground equipment and satellitesà Integrated systems technology

❐ As Mega Science System, large investment overlong development period is required

ST related fields

1. Space Technology (ST)-Mega Science System

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❐ Field of space technology spans over many different disciplines à Fusion Technology

❐ Professionals in field of ST must be knowledgeable in multi-disciplinary subject

2. Multi-disciplinary Fusion Subject

Space Technology

etc...

Aerospace

ComputerMechanical

Electrical

Physics

Electronic

MaterialsCommunications

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❐ Traditional Education: single discipline training- Graduates from university can only apply skills in one specific field

- Must go through additional training and education tobe applied to ‘Mega Science System’ such as ST

3. Education Through R&D (1/2)

Space Technology

etc...

Aerospace

ComputerMechanical

Electrical

Physics

Electronic

MaterialsCommunications

University Mechanical Engineering Program

University Materials

Engineering Program

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❐ Education through R&D project- Learn and experience entire scope of project- Students are exposed to multiple disciplinary fields- Can be directly applied to ‘Mega Science System’

3. Education Through R&D (2/2)

Space Technology

etc...

Aerospace

ComputerMechanical

Electrical

Physics

Electronic

MaterialsCommunications

R&D Project

Mega ScienceSystem

Graduation

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Paradigm Shift From Supplier-driven Method to User-driven Method

1. Supplier-driven Professional Cultivation

2. User(Market)-driven Professional Cultivation

3. Shift in Human Resources Cultivation Paradigm

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1. Supplier-driven Professional Cultivation

❐ Universities apply their traditional education system wherestudents are exposed to theoretical education of singlediscipline area

❐ Upon graduation, professionals are ‘fitted’ into industry- Demands of industry is not considered in loop

AerospaceIndustry

ElectricalIndustry

ComputerIndustry

MaterialsIndustry

Professionals have concentration in

traditional field and

single discipline only

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2. User(Market)-driven Professional Cultivation

❐ Demands of industry and society drives education programof future professionals- Can be directly injected into industry and society without

extra training- Provides vision and direction for professionals- Raises value (usefulness) of professionals upon graduation

❐ University programs are project-based (i.e. satellite system, rocket system, ground system, etc.), instead of being subjectbased (orbit mechanics, computer engineering, structure engineering)

- Each project-based curriculum is multi-disciplinary- Students are educated and trained on entire scope of project, not just small part

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❐ User(Market)-driven professional cultivation

Professionals gain knowledge and experience in wide areas of technology

and multi-disciplinary environment

Market and industry demands determine type of education and training required for professional cultivation to be applied back to

market/industry

AerospaceIndustry

ElectricalIndustry

ComputerIndustry

MaterialsIndustry

AerospaceIndustry

ElectricalIndustry

ComputerIndustry

MaterialsIndustry

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3. Shift in Human Resources Cultivation Paradigm

Before

Now

Supplier - driven

Government dictated cultivation of professionals

User (Market) - driven

Professionals choose their own field of work and path according to their own vision

❐ Education must reflect demands of users (market)❐ Universities should gear their program to fit knowledge

and skills required by industry and society❐ Must provide vision and direction through R&D in order

to secure top professionals

Cultivation of future professionals

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A Change of Educational Method

2. Project-based Education Method

1. Concept of Project-based Education

3. Cultivation of Professional ThroughProject-based Education

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1. Concept of Project Based Education (1/2)

Project-Based

Design Education

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Traditional Engineering Education

○ Focus on understanding, analysis, optimization of specific scientific phenomena

○ Integrated or fusion design concept non-existent

○ Narrow education scope- Limited to paper study- Usually does not lead to actual development, test, operation

Project-based Design Education

○ Project-based education is in demand- Provide practical and hands-on education

- Combined research and design education

○ Provide valuable education in fusion technology field- Multi-disciplinary system design- Systems engineering design- R&D of integrated system through teamwork

1. Concept of Project Based Education (2/2)

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❐ Industry demands multi-disciplinary system design that integrates various research areas and technology

❐ Provide experience of integrating different disciplines originally thought to be unrelated, without being limited to single theory/subject

Multi-disciplinary system design

2. Project Based Education Method

Mech, Therm

Control

Component

Electrical

Communication

Computer

System

ST

NT

IT

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❐ Students learn systematic approach to integrated process and design activities

❐ Provide opportunity to experience entire design process- Design, development, integration, test, operation- Parallel management of project while keeping in mind

critical factors (cost reduction, schedule, product quality, productivity, etc.)

Systems Engineering

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❐ Intensive team-level activities required due to application of multiple academic fields and technology

❐ Acquire team working method through experiencing and practicing communication and interactions

R&D of Integrated System Through Team Work

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❐ Learn how to manage project through each member managing own sub-project- Keeping schedule, utilizing limited budget and resource

Project Management

Understanding the Project

Defining the Project

Planningthe Project

Runningthe Project

- Understand background

- Understand roles of each personnel

- Understand group dynamics

- Define intended project result

- Define standard for verifying result

- Define team organization

- Understand requirement and constraint

- Establish detailed schedule

- Perform risk assessment and create plan

- Establish budget

- Team management- Design and test- Schedule/budget management

- Req./constraint management

- Product assuranceGlobal HR Forum

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❐ Need to perform research based on more detailed and systematic project according to national-level technology development plan

❐ Cultivate professionals by focusing on projects that are systematically selected through research planning

❐ Cultivate professionals through hands-on project application

Systematic and Structured Technology Education Method

Perform Project in Phases

❐ Perform research by identifying large projects and sub-projects according to maturity and priority

Procure Secure Research Resource

❐ Establish basis for technology procurement through securing national-level research development project resources

3. Professional Cultivation Through Project Based Education

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Establishment of Space (Professional) Graduate School

2. Curriculum

1. Needs for Specialized Graduate School

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1. Need for Specialized Graduate School❐ Shortage of Masters/Ph.D level professionals in field of

science technology is becoming big problem even in leading countries- Various professional cultivation and retaining plans needed

❐ In case of Korea, shortage of qualified professionals at MS/Ph.D level is a serious problem

- Current trend in Korea is to avoid field of science and engineering, leading to shortage in qualified professionals

- No clear vision for future professionals is provided : Continuation rate of undergraduate students in science

and engineering field to graduate school is at dangerously low level

: More undergraduate and graduate students are leaving science and engineering field

❐ Graduates lack skills, experience, knowledge necessary tobe directly applied to ‘Mega Science System’ due to lackof education and training in multi-disciplinary work

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InformationNetworkTelecomm.

Space (Professional) Graduate School

❐ Will be established through joint effort by Korea Aerospace University and Korea Aerospace Research Institute

❐ Provide multi-disciplinary education and training ❐ Curriculum based on R&D according to selected space

related core technology research

SpacePayload Sensors

IntegratedGroundStation

Comm.System

SpaceRobotics

Satellite Bus Satellite

Application

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❐ Fundamentals of Orbital and Launch Mechanics❐ GPS Technology❐ Introduction to GNSS❐ Fundamentals of Rockets and Missiles❐ Satellite System Engineering and Design❐ Space Environments❐ Advanced Developments in Radar❐ Radar System Design and Engineering❐ Synthetic Aperture Radar❐ Introduction to Sensor Technology❐ Space Policy, Management and Insurance❐ Introduction to Electromagnetic Compatibility❐ Military Space Systems❐ Chemical Rocket Propulsion❐ Hybrid Rocket Propulsion❐ Electric Propulsion❐ Aerodynamic Measurement Engineering❐ Embedded Systems and Electronic Products❐ Statistical Signal Processing❐ Satellite Product Assurance, Integration and Testing❐ Total System Engineering, etc.

2. Curriculum (example)

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❐ Space Technology (Satellites and Rockets Research)

- Based on ST, includes IT and NT(MEMS) technology- Education Responsive Space Concept- Research and development of rocket systems utilizing \

low-cost, environment-friendly propellants

❐ Satellite Application (Geological information, Remote Sensing, Fusion Technology Research)

- Heightened interest in application of high-resolution imagery after launch and operation of Arirang-2 satellite

- Satellite data can be applied to use by various communities including agricultural, geological, environmental, aquatic resource, coastal, meteorological, crisis management, etc.

Space Engineering

Suggested Key Elements of Graduate School

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Space Law and Policy

❐ Space policy professionals needed according to increase in national space development activities

❐ There are no domestic program available for cultivating space policy professionals

❐ In case of US, George Washington University has established Space Policy Institute that heavily influences national and military space policy

Space Information Technology

❐ Related to Space Technology curriculum

❐ Specialize in gathering, distribution, and utilization of spaceinformation through R&D projects

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ConclusionsGlobal HR Forum

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❐ Interest and investment in space technology is consistently increasing, but current supply of qualified professionals cannot meet demands of industry and society

❐ In educating and training future professionals, shift in paradigm from traditional subject-centered (supplier-driven) education to project-based (user-driven) system is needed

- Each project-based curriculum must be multi-disciplinary- Students should be educated and trained on entire scope of project, not just small part

❐ Education program must provide experience of integrating different disciplines originally thought to be unrelated, without being limited to single theory/subject

❐ Shortage of Masters/Ph.D level professionals in field of space technology is becoming big problem

- Various professional cultivation and retaining plans needed- Foundation of Space (Professional) Graduate School

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Thank you

Cultivation of qualifiedprofessionals is the keyto the future of Korea’sSpace Age

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