global migrants

7/27/2019 Global Migrants

1/5

Migrating to Austria

There have been relatively strong increases in migration through the full

implementation of free movement with countries that joined the EU in

2004.Employment has also grown more for migrants than for natives, according to

the OECD. Since 2012, Austria has been using a points-based system for highlyskilled workers, who can obtain two types of cards: an RWR (Red-White-Red) card

grants residency and work with a specific employer; and an RWR card plus allows

residency and free access to work.

National average salary (PPP)

US$43,555

Migrating to Belgium

Belgium greatly facilitated access to citizenship in 2000, introducing one of themost liberal regimes in the OECD. Each region has a list of occupation shortages,

used to compile a national list. For professionals qualified in those areas,

conditions for acquiring work and stay permits are more flexible. Foreign highly

skilled workers now make up a greater share of total entries for employment, as

permits for the less skilled were largely issued to European citizens no longer

subject to permit requirements.


US$44,364

Migrating to Denmark

In 2008, Denmark adopted a so-called Positive List to facilitate the entrance of

professionals in demand. A points-based system can also grant access to a Green

Card which allows qualified workers to look for a job in the country. In 2011, a new

government announced a reform of the migration policy. The permanent residence

permit is now based on four requirements: at least five years' residence in

Denmark, three years' full-time employment, financial self-support and a language

test.


US$45,560


2/5

Migrating to France

In 2011, France introduced the EU Blue Card directive, and reduced the number of

occupations in short supply on its list from 30 to 14. It also adopted stricter rules,

allowing people with higher qualifications to stay in the country and gain work

experience in their as temporary workers. But France also has specific lists ofoccupations (of varying skills) that can be filled by nationals from African countries

with which it has agreements, such as Congo, Benin, Burkina Faso and Tunisia.


US$38,128

Migrating to Germany

Germany has had a ban on recruiting foreign workers in place since 1973 to

protect its domestic labour force. However, the shortage of highly skilledprofessionals in areas such as engineering, IT and health prompted the

government to implement the EU Blue Card directive in 2012, facilitating access to

non-EU professionals. Qualified workers can also enter the country for six months

to look for a job.


US$40,223

Migrating to Ireland

Ireland has seen a sharp decrease in its net migration since being hardly hit by the

financial crisis. Migrants, especially highly and medium-skilled professionals, have

been more affected by jobs losses than native-borns. Since 2010, Ireland has

shifted its migration policy to attract selected skilled workers. The country limited

the issue of new employment permits to those with highly paid job offers and those

in occupations with recognised shortages, who enter the country through the

Green Card scheme.


US$50,764


3/5

Migrating to Luxembourg

During the economic crisis, employment for migrants in Luxembourg increased

more than for native workers. In 2011, the country adopted the Blue Card directive

for citizens of non-EU and non-EEA countries. To be eligible, professionals must

have a diploma of higher education or five years specialised professionalexperience, a work contract of at least one year and a salary of at least 66,000

euros ($ 87,000) or 53,000 for occupations in demand, mostly in the IT sector.


US$52,847

Migrating to Norway

In 2010, Norway reached a new record-high level of immigration, especially due to

free movement flows from countries like Sweden, Lithuania and Poland. Thecountry has set an annual limit of 5,000 skilled migrants, which has never been

reached, and the government has also been taking measures to attract

entrepreneurs. In 2011, the number of permits to skilled migrants reached a peak.

Norway currently has a list of about 150 occupations in demand, including high-,

medium- and low-skilled professions.


US$43,990

Migrating to Singapore

In recent years, Singapore has emerged as one of the most attractive countries for

highly skilled professionals, with a number of policies to support their immigration.

There are 93 skills on its list of in-demand jobs and the country admitted about

174,000 highly skilled professionals until June 2012. In September that year, the

government raised the salary requirements for labour migrants to bring their

families, so it could "ease the pressure" on its social infrastructure.


US$31,392


4/5

Migrating to Sweden

Sweden is considered to have one the most liberal regimes for labour migration in

Europe. Since 2008, the recruitment of labour from countries outside of the

European Economic Area (EEA) has been eased. The country has a list of about

80 in-demand occupations, including high-, medium- and low-skilled professions.Migrants need to have a written employment offer from a potential employer in

Sweden. Family members are generally allowed residence permits and access to

the labour market.


US$37,734

Migrating to Switzerland

Switzerland has one of the biggest immigrant populations in Europe, mostly highlyskilled. During the crisis, native unemployment rose more than immigrant

unemployment in the country. Most of the professionals who migrate do

Switzerland come from the EU, since the regulations to obtain a working permit are

much tighter for countries outside the EU/EEA. Foreigners from other countries

must have an employment offer, and employers must show they have made

"intensive efforts" to recruit professionals inside Switzerland and the EU.


US$50,242

Migrating to United Kingdom

Since 2010, the UK's migration system has become more demand-driven. In 2010,

the government introduced measures to reduce net migration, including that of

skilled professionals, with the purpose of protecting the domestic labour force. The

measures included caps limiting the number of people admitted in the highly skilled

categories (Tier 1 and Tier 2). In 2011, the Shortage Occupation list was reduced.

In 2012, some of the conditions for entry were made more flexible in response to

requests from businesses and employers.


US$44,743


5/5

Migrating to United States

From 2000 to 2010, there were close to three highly educated new entrants in the

US for every retiring one, according to the OECD. But since the economic

downturn, sectors that typically employ highly skilled workers, like the financial

sector, have recorded substantial job losses. The US keeps a so-called "ScheduleA" list of shortage occupations. Professionals in those occupations have their

conditions to apply for a Green Card eased, but they must have a job offer.


US$54,450

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