Based on multi-dimensional poverty measures (MDI), the 5 poorest sub-national regions in different geographical areas

are: Sub-Saharan Africa (Salamat, Hadjer Lamis and Lac in Chad; and Est and Sahel in Burkina Faso),Central and Eastern

Europe and Central Asia: (Turkey and four areas in Tajikistan: Khatlon, GornoBadakhshan, Sughd, and Districts of

Republican Subordination), Arab States (Djibouti and Missan, Al-Qadisiva and Al-Muthanna in Iraq), Latin America and

Caribbean (Central, Grande-Anse, North-East, Artibonite and North-West - all in Haiti), East Asia and the Pacific:

Oecussi, Ermera, Ainaro and Viqueque in Timor-Leste; and Mondol Kiri/Rattanak Kiri in Cambodia), South Asia (Bihar

and Jharkhand in India, South and West Afghanistan, and Balochistan in Pakistan.)

GLOBAL POVERTY

MDI (HEALTH, EDUCATION & LIVING STANDARD)

Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (Winter 2014/2015) Global Multidimensional Poverty Index Databank. OPHI, University of Oxford; The Hunger Project

HOW ARE THEY POOR?

POSITIVE NEWS

More than 60% (458 million) of extremely poor people live in the subnationalregions of India, Nigeria, Pakistan, Cameroon,

Kenya, Cote D’Ivoire, Ghana, Namibia, and theRepublic of Congo i.e., middle-income countries (with the exception of Kenya). The “bottom billion” who suffers the greatest intensity of poverty is distributed across 104 countries around the world.

1.4 billion people in developing countries live on ≤$1.25 per day. 42% Live in

households where no adult has even 5 years of education; 54% Live in households where

at least one personis undernourished (overall, 60% of the world’s hungry are estimated to

be women); 43% live in households where at least 1 child has died (A third of all childhood

deaths in Sub-Saharan Africa is attributed to hunger); 81% live in households where

sanitation is inadequate.

Countries have been able to reduce MPI over time in different ways. Prior to the 2015 earthquake, childhood mortality and nutrition improved in Nepal over a 4-year period. Access to sanitation and safe water improved from 2005-2010 in Rwanda; School attendance and mortality improved in Ghana from 2003-2008.

Zeena