“Global tobacco control”Dr Judith Mackay

Launching Ceremony and Seminar on Anti-smoking campaign

& Roving ExhibitionHK Central Library; 5 November 2005

By 2025:Number of smokers will rise from 1.2 to 1.6 billion

By 2030, 85% smokers will live in developing countries.

ResearchNATIONAL PREVALENCE SURVEYS

YOUTHThe Global Youth Tobacco SurveyHealth Behaviour in School-aged Children

(HBSC) study

Health professionals surveys

Harmfulness of smoking and passive smoking

Effective intervention measures

Economics - Key Messages:

* Tobacco debit to economy

* Tobacco control cost effective

* Price increases most effective of all

1994Philippines

Tobacco industrycalendar

Cost effectiveness: Values for various tobacco control

interventions (US$ per DALY saved)

Cost effectiveness: Values for various tobacco control

interventions (US$ per DALY saved)

RegionRegion Price Price

10%10%Non-price Non-price measures measures 5% effect5% effect

NRT with NRT with 25% cover25% cover

Low/MiddleLow/Middle

IncomeIncome4-174-17 68-27268-272 276-297276-297

High IncomeHigh Income 161-645161-645 1,347-5,3881,347-5,388 746-1,160746-1,160

Source: World Bank, 1999

FCTC

Signed 168/192

Ratified 92

HK 1987 ban on:

Australia: earmarked tobacco tax, 1987

cigarettes abolished 1991

Singapore:Duty-free…

Mongolia 1994: Tobacco law

Thailand1995: Ingredient disclosure

Bhutan 2004: Ban sales

Obstacles to tobacco controlObstacles to tobacco control Lack of awareness of magnitude of risk Lack of awareness of magnitude of risk Preoccupation with other diseases (many of which cause fewer Preoccupation with other diseases (many of which cause fewer

deaths, eg SARS) or non-health problemsdeaths, eg SARS) or non-health problems Smokers may not yet be dying in large numbersSmokers may not yet be dying in large numbers Focus of health profession on curative medicineFocus of health profession on curative medicine Smoking seen as personal behaviour by communitySmoking seen as personal behaviour by community Tobacco industry: promotion, distortion of evidence, financial Tobacco industry: promotion, distortion of evidence, financial

might, challenge or threats to governments, organisations, might, challenge or threats to governments, organisations, individualsindividuals

Tobacco tax revenue, but not debit, seenTobacco tax revenue, but not debit, seen Lack of funds for research and interventionLack of funds for research and intervention

HK resident smoking through SARS mask

Medical model not enough