global trends: government initiatives to reduce energy use...
TRANSCRIPT
Global Trends: Government Initiatives to Reduce Energy
Use in Data Centers
Andrew Fanara, U.S. EPAClimate Protection Partnership Division
ENERGY STAR Labeled Products [email protected]
(206) 553-6377
Global Interest: Data Centers
• Services provided by data centers are in global demand
• Need for increased capacity and strain on electricity supply is a worldwide issue
• Public and private sectors under pressure to improve energy security and reduce carbon emissions
• IT market is global -- technology & best practices sharing, harmonization opportunities can be shared
Australia -- Dept. of Environment & Water Resources
• Energy Efficiency in Government Operations (EEGO) Policy 2006– Requires Govt. departments and agencies to report
annual energy usage and to commit to energy intensity portfolio targets along with other e-e commitments
• Goal: Agencies must develop strategies for energy efficiency in Govt. operated data centers with an expected 20% improvement over 5 years
• More info: www.greenhouse.gov.au/government– Contact: Jayan Parry – [email protected]
India – Asia Pacific Partnership, Bld. & Appliance Task Force Project
Goal: Assist in market transformation and capacity building for energy efficiency in Indian buildings for high tech industries starting with data centers
• Stakeholder meetings and visits to data centers 1/2008– Determine current status of market and technologies
• Workshop to share ideas on improving energy efficiency in data centers
• Future opportunities: create best practices manual, metrics development
• Lead by U.S. representatives including LBNL– Contact: Dale Sartor / [email protected]
Japan: Ministry of Environment Trade & Industry
• Green IT Project – development of innovative technologies
• Promotion of environmental & IT management– CIO Strategy Forum: 50 leading CIOs in Japan gathered
together to examine IT management and measures for its promotion
– IT Management Strategy Council (spring 08): Executive-level discussions on the results of the forum
• Evaluation of environmental contributions of IT-related corporations – look at entire supply chain
• Green IT International Symposium to be held in Japan May 2008– Contact: Ogawa Yumeko / [email protected]– METI representatives attending Green Grid Conference in San
Francisco Feb. 5-6
Japan -- Energy Reduction in Tokyo
• Tokyo Power & Electric is targeting 800 most energy consuming buildings– 100 of which are data centers
• Data center operators are worried that new reduction targets could force them out of Tokyo, away from plentiful fiber and the companies/facilities they support
China• Staggering economic growth coincident & dependent on
increased development of new datacenters– Serious electricity supply and quality issues
• See today’s Wall Street Journal
• Pressure to reduce emissions and pollution• EPA Goal: Inform China of opportunities and benefits of
building more efficient data centers• Workshop held in Beijing December 2007
– Industry experts provided an overview of issues, products, technologies, best practices to China National Institute for Standards (CNIS) staff
China: Possible Next Steps • EPA developing project to:• Transfer knowledge to build datacenters of the future -- not
of the past – Establish local network of government (CNIS) & industry contacts
• Building design, utilities, customers, IT, site infrastructure etc. • Leverage knowledge and financial resources locally and regionally
– Share situational analysis & facility best practices information• Identify existing & planned data center projects to highlight
as flagships • Work with China gov. to identify needs for building codes
industry standards– Similar to ASHRAE or other building code standards
European Union
• Server report released in October 2007– Study conducted under Intelligent Energy Europe – Reviews energy consumption, savings potential, market
barriers, and measures– Projection of energy use trends similar to U.S.
• Business as usual = doubling of energy use from 2006 –2011
• Mix of virtualization, power management, more efficient hardware could result in 24 – 45% reduction in energy consumption
European Union cont.• Recently released Draft Code of Conduct for data centers
– Goal: improve understanding of power demand within the data center, raise awareness, and recommend energy efficient best practice and targets
– Collaborating with Green Grid on simple metrics– Longer term, choose more sophisticated metric, benchmark, and
award companies for energy efficiency– Coordination with ESTAR on product specifications
• More info: http://re.jrc.cec.eu.int/energyefficiency– Contact: Paolo Bertoldi / [email protected]– EU representatives attending Green Grid meeting in San
Francisco Feb. 5 - 6. – Next Code of Conduct meeting to be held at Datacenter
Dynamics, London Feb.
North America: Utility Programs• Consortium for Energy Efficiency (CEE) initiative launched
in 2007
• U.S. utilities pursuing data center programs now– PG&E, Austin Energy, Efficiency Vermont, Energy Trust of
Oregon, Sempra, SCE, BC Hydro with programs– Others showing considerable interest (Xcel Energy, NYSERDA,
Wisconsin Focus on Energy) -- motivated by grid capacity, peak demand & reliability concerns
– Contact: Jason Erwin / [email protected]
• Group of U.S. and Canadian utilities funded research by 80 PLUS to extend incentives to data center-type servers– Contact: Ryan Rasmussen [email protected]
Environmental & Climate Pressures
Utility Programs cont.
• BC Hydro– Conducting assessments and offering rebates for
several IT related measures (e.g. virtualization, server power management)
– Working with a co-location facility to build largest data center in Canada, efficiently
– Relied heavily on EPA Report to Congress to develop program
– Contact: David Rogers / [email protected]
U.S. – EPA Report to Congress
Trends in Data Center Energy Use• Sector consumed about 61 billion KWh in 2006
– Equates to ~1.5% total U.S. electricity consumption and ~$4.5 billion
– Federal sector: ~ 6 billion kWh and ~$450 million
• Projected to increase to 100 billion kWh in 2011– Equates to ~2.5% of total U.S. electricity consumption and
~$7.4 billion
Comparison of Projected Electricity UseAll Scenarios 2007 - 2011
Barriers to Energy Efficiency• Lack of efficiency definitions for equipment and data centers
– Service output difficult to measure, varies among applications– Need for metrics and more data: How do we account for computing
performance?
• Split incentives– Disconnect between IT and facilities managers
• Risk aversion– Fear of change and potential downtime – energy efficiency
perceived as a change with uncertain value and risk
Key Report Recommendations
• Standardized performance measurements for IT equipment and data centers– Development of benchmark/metric for data centers– ENERGY STAR label for servers, considering storage
and network equipment• Encouragement of private and public organizations and the
creation of incentives to pursue efficiency options• Information on best practices• Research and development • Leadership by federal government to be a catalyst
Leadership by Government
EPA National Computing Center RTP, NC• 95,322 gross square feet, 46 Billion Btu/year• LEED silver certification in 2005 • Solar roof system and street lighting• Energy efficient lighting in facility• Building automation system, outside air
economizers, variable speed HVAC systems• Energy audit scheduled for first week in February
EPA Data Center Facility Initiative
• Benchmark and profile data center energy use• Compare similar data centers• Track energy use over time and measure improvement in
energy performance• Ideal high level metric: kBtu / Useful Work
– Challenge: how to measure “useful work” -teraflop or other alternative
Coordination with DOE – Save Energy Now• Share data and lessons learned during data collection efforts• Enable Portfolio Manager and DOE’s Software Tool Suite to share
data, performance metrics, and recommendations
Facility Benchmark Next Steps
• Rating development meetings – Winter 07• Data collection – Spring 08• Data review & analysis – Summer 08• Share individual rating results – Fall 08• Industry rating results mtg. – Fall 08• Target launch of rating – End of 2008• More Info: www.energystar.gov/datacenters
ENERGY STAR for ServersServer energy demand drives DC power & cooling needs• Goal: Create protocol to measure server energy efficiency
to allow fair competition• Technical specification would have several key elements:
– Definitions of product types eligible for ENERGY STAR– Test procedure for energy efficiency & computing
performance– Performance levels representing most efficient models
available today– Road map for future specification requirements (Tier 2)
Specification Timeline
Goal: Tier 1 spec finalized and effective by end of 2008• EPA released draft framework document July 2007
– Stakeholders submitted comments on EPA approach
• Draft 1 specification release targeted for end of January– Definitions for eligible products and more detailed approach– Stakeholders will have 3-4 weeks to comment
• Subsequent drafts will be released as needed– All documents available: www.energystar.gov/productdevelopment
Takeaways• Rising concern over energy supply, security & climate
– US electricity demand growth - 1.8% / Off a huge base– Large transmission and generation investments in an uncertain
economic environment– Emergence of green economy but standard metrics & energy
transparency needed to prevent “green washing”– Explosion of interest in Green IT
• Financial and reputational risk associated with status quo– Boardrooms, investors, and customers taking notice of energy
cost and carbon footprint– Energy efficiency should be a 1st resource in any action plan
• Data centers a key economic and CO2 reduction opportunity