Globalization

Ursei Vlad, Gama Vladimir, Savin Florin

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What is Globalization?• Globalization (or globalisation) is the process of international

integration arising from the interchange of world views, products, ideas and other aspects of culture. Advances in transportation and telecommunications infrastructure, including the rise of the telegraph and its development the Internet, are major factors in globalization, generating further interdependence of economic and cultural activities.

• Though scholars place the origins of globalization in modern times, others trace its history long before the European Age of Discovery and voyages to the New World. Some even trace the origins to the third millennium BCE.Large-scale globalization began in the 19th century.In the late 19th century and early 20th century, the connectedness of the world's economies and cultures grew very quickly.

The term globalization• The term 'globalization', first used "in education to describe the global life

of the mind; in international relations to describe the extension of the European Common Market; and in journalism to describe how the ‘American Negro and his problem are taking on a global significance’ ", developed its contemporary meaning in the 1970s, and has been increasingly used to describe planetary-wide relations since the. Economists were central in this early stage.In 2000, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) identified four basic aspects of globalization:

• trade and transactions,capital and investment movements, migration and movement of people, and the dissemination of knowledge.Further, environmental challenges such as global warming, cross-boundary water and air pollution and over-fishing of the ocean are linked with globalization.Globalizing processes affect and are affected by business and work organization, economics, socio-cultural resources, and the natural environment.

Silk Road• Humans have interacted over

long distances for thousands of years. The overland Silk Road that connected Asia, Africa, and Europe is a good example of the transformative power of translocal exchange that existed in the "Old World". Philosophy, religion, language, the arts, and other aspects of culture spread and mixed as nations exchanged products and ideas.The development of new forms of transportation has increased rapid rates of global interchange.

Etymology and usage• The term globalization is derived from the word globalize, which

refers to the emergence of an international network of economic systems.One of the earliest known usages of the term as a noun was in a 1930.Since its inception, the concept of globalization has inspired competing definitions and interpretations, with antecedents dating back to the great movements of trade and empire across Asia and the Indian Ocean from the 15th century onwards.Due to the complexity of the concept, research projects, articles, and discussions often remain focused on a single aspect of globalization

Economic globalization• Economic globalization is the increasing economic interdependence

of national economies across the world through a rapid increase in cross-border movement of goods, service, technology and capital.Whereas the globalization of business is centered around the diminution of international trade regulations as well as tariffs, taxes, and other impediments that suppresses global trade, economic globalization is the process of increasing economic integration between countries, leading to the emergence of a global marketplace or a single world market.

Anti-global governance• Beginning in the 1930s, opposition

arose to the idea of a world government, as advocated by organizations such as the World Federalist Movement (WFM). Those who oppose global governance typically do so on objections that the idea is in-feasible, inevitably opressive, or simply unnecessary.In general, these opponents are wary of the concentration of power or wealth that such governance might represent. Such reasoning dates back to the founding of the League of Nations and, later, the United Nations