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Network Simulation Using GlomoSim

Presented ByAkarapon Kunpisut

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Outline

Introduction to GlomosimGlomosim StructureEditing the codeInstallationConclusion

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Introduction

3 methods to analysis network protocolMathematical AnalysisNetwork Simulator (NS, GloMoSim, …)Test bed

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Network Simulator (GloMoSim)

Requires 2 components GloMoSim (Global Mobile Information

Systems Simulation Library)Network Simulation Environment

Parsec (Parallel Simulation Environment for Complex Systems)C-Base Simulation Language

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GloMoSim (Scalable Mobile Network Simulator )

a scalable simulation environmentsupports Wire & Wireless network layered approachStandard APIsparallel discrete-event simulation

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Parsec

C-based simulation language sequential and parallel execution discrete-event simulation modelscan be used as a parallel

programming language. developed by the Parallel Computing

Laboratory at UCLA

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GloMoSim Simulation Layers

RTP, TCP, UTP

RSVP

IP, Mobile IP

Wireless Network Layer

Clustering (optional)

Data LinkMAC

Radio ModelPropagation Model/Mobility Model

Application Traffic Generator

VC Connection ManagementCall Acceptance Control,

Rate Control

Packet Store / ForwardCongestion Control,

Rate Control

Multicast Routing

--------------QoS

Routing

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Models Currently Available in GloMoSim Application: TCPLIB (telnet, ftp) , CBR (Constant Bit

Rate traffic), Replicated file system, HTTP Transport: TCP (Free BSD), UDP, NS TCP (Tahoe) and

others Unicast Routing: AODV, Bellman-Ford, DSR, Fisheye,

Flooding, LAR (Scheme 1), NS DSDV, OSPF, WRP MAC Layer: CSMA, FAMA, MACA, IEEE 802.11 Radio: Radio with and without capture capacity Propagation: Free Space, Rayleigh, Ricean, SIRCIM Mobility: Random Waypoint, Random Drunken, ECRV,

Group Mobility

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collection of network nodeseach node has it’s own protocol stack

parameters and statistics

GloMoSim Layered Architecture

struct glomo_node_str{ double position_x; GlomoMac macData[xxx]; GlomoNetwork NetworkData;

… } GlomoNode;

Include\api.h

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Data Structure for a Layer

each layer has its own data structurebase on protocol in the layer

struct glomo_mac_str { MAC_PROTOCOL macProtocol; int interfaceIndex; BOOL macStats; …

void *macVar;} GlomoMac; mac\mac.h

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Layer Interaction with Events

Packets & Message going through layers are annotated with information that simulate inter-layer parameter passing

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Scheduling Events

Two types of Message Non-Packet Messages

Inter-layer event messages Self scheduled (timer) events

Packets/ Cell Messages Inter-node packets Inter-layer packets

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MAC

Radio RadioAccnoiseLayer()

GLOMO_MacReceiveRadioStatusChangeNotification()

Inter-layer event messages

Mac802_11StartTimer()

GLOMO_MacLayer()

Non-packet Message

Self scheduled (timer) events

MSG_MAC_TimerExpiredtypedef enum { RADIO_IDLE, RADIO_SENSING, RADIO_RECEIVING, RADIO_TRANSMITTING} RadioStatusType;

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MAC

Radio Layer

Packet/cell MessageNetwork

NetworkIpSendPacketToMacLayer()

GLOMO_MacNetworkLayerHasPacketToSend()

Mac802_11TransmitDataFrame()

Inter-layer packets

GLOMO_RadioStartTransmittingPacket()

Add Header

Inter-layer packets

Radio Layer

Network

MACGLOMO_MacReceivePacketFromRadio ()

RadioAccnoiseLayer ()

Inter-layer packets

NetworkIpReceivePacketFromMacLayer()

Mac802_11ProcessFrame()Remove Header

Inter-layer packets

Inter-Node Packet

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Network

MACGLOMO_MacReceivePacketFromRadio ()

RadioAccnoiseLayer ()

Inter-layer packets

NetworkIpReceivePacketFromMacLayer()

Mac802_11ProcessFrame()Remove Header

Inter-layer packets

Radio Layer

MAC

Radio Layer

Packet/cell MessageNetwork

NetworkIpSendPacketToMacLayer()

GLOMO_MacNetworkLayerHasPacketToSend()

Mac802_11TransmitDataFrame()

Inter-layer packets

GLOMO_RadioStartTransmittingPacket() RadioAccnoiseLayer ()

Add Header

Inter-layer packets

(Network Layer Packet)

(MAC Header Frame) +(Network Layer Packet)

Inter-Node Packet

/* Data frames. */ Header + Datatypedef struct M802_mac_frame{ M802_11FrameHdr hdr;

char payload[ MAX_NW_PKT_SIZE];

} M802_11_MacFrame;

typedef struct _Mac802_11FrameHdr{unsigned short frameType; char Padding1[2]; int duration; NODE_ADDR destAddr; NODE_ADDR sourceAddr; … } M802_11FrameHdr;

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Data Structure for Layer Interaction Enumerate event type

enum { /* for Channel layer */ MSG_CHANNEL_FromChannel, MSG_CHANNEL_FromRadio, /* Message Types for MAC layer */ MSG_MAC_FromNetwork, MSG_MAC_TimerExpired, … /* Default Message */ MSG_DEFAULT}; include\structmsg.h

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Data Structure for Layer Interaction Message Structure (general information)

struct message_str { short layerType; // Layer will received message short protocolType; short eventType; char* packet; char* payLoad; …} message; include\message.h

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Data Structure for Layer Interaction Message header (for packet)

typedef struct _Mac802_11LCtrlFrame{ unsigned short frameType; char Padding[2]; int duration; NODE_ADDR destAddr; NODE_ADDR sourceAddr; char FCS[4]; } M802_11LongControlFrame; \mac\802_11.h

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Message Parameters Message Destination:

Node ID Layer in that node Protocol in that layer (optional) Instance (Interface) optional

Message Event Type Event Specific Parameters called info

Both packets and non-packet messages Packet payload Current header position

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Scheduling an Event Allocate the GloMoSim Message:

Message* msg = GLOMO_MsgAlloc(node, MyID, MyLayer, MyProtocol, MSG_LAYER_PROTO_MY_EVENT);

Set the Event Specific Information: MyEventInfoType* MyEventInfo; GLOMO_MsgInfoAlloc(node, msg,

sizeof(MyEventInfoType)); MyEventInfo-> MyFirstParameter =1; …

Schedule the Event: GLOMO_MsgSend(node, message, MyChosenDelay);

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void Mac802_11StartTimer( GlomoNode *node, GlomoMac802_11 *M802, clocktype timerDelay){ Message *newMsg; M802->timerSequenceNumber++;

newMsg = GLOMO_MsgAlloc(node, GLOMO_MAC_LAYER, MAC_PROTOCOL_802_11, MSG_MAC_TimerExpired);

GLOMO_MsgSetInstanceId(newMsg, M802->myGlomoMac->interfaceIndex);

GLOMO_MsgInfoAlloc(node, newMsg, sizeof(M802->timerSequenceNumber));

*((int*)(newMsg->info)) = M802->timerSequenceNumber; GLOMO_MsgSend(node, newMsg, timerDelay); }

Scheduling an Event (Example)Allocate the GloMoSim Message

Set the Event Specific InformationSchedule the Event

Destination Layer

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Message SchedulingGLOMO_MsgSend(node, *msg, delay)

GLOMO_CallLayer(node, msg)

GLOMO_RADIO_LAYER: GLOMO_RadioLayer(node, msg)

GLOMO_MAC_LAYER: GLOMO_MacLayer(node, msg);

…GLOMO_APP_LAYER: GLOMO_AppLayer(node, msg);

if delay == 0

(msg)->layerType

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Processing Message Eventsvoid Mac802_11Layer(GlomoNode *node, int

interfaceIndex, Message *msg){ switch (msg->eventType) { case MSG_MAC_TimerExpired) Mac802_11HandleTimeout(node, M802); case MSG_MAC_TimerExpired_PCF)

Mac802_11HandleTimeout_PCF(node, M802); … }

GLOMO_MsgFree(node, msg);}

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Transmitting Packet Allocate Message

Message* pktToRadio = GLOMO_MsgAlloc(node, 0, 0, 0);

Set Header Information hdr.frameType = M802_11_DATA; hdr.sourceAddr = node->nodeAddr; hdr.destAddr = destAddr; …

Allocate Packet & Set information GLOMO_MsgPacketAlloc(node, pktToRadio, topPacket-

>packetSize); memcpy(pktToRadio->packet, topPacket->packet,

topPacket->packetSize);

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Transmitting Packet (cont’d) Add Header & Set information

GLOMO_MsgAddHeader(node, pktToRadio, sizeof(M802_11FrameHdr) );

memcpy(pktToRadio->packet, &hdr, sizeof(M802_11FrameHdr));

Transmit Packet StartTransmittingPacket(node, M802, pktToRadio,

M802_11_DIFS);

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Processing Packet

Mac802_11ReceivePacketFromRadio(){ if (hdr->destAddr == node->nodeAddr) { switch (hdr->frameType) { case M802_11_RTS: … case M802_11_DATA: } else if (hdr->destAddr == ANY_DEST){ switch (hdr->frameType) { case M802_11_DATA: Mac802_11ProcessFrame(node, M802, msg); … }

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Message Function GLOMO_MsgAlloc(node, destId, layer, protocol,

enent_type);

Functions to retrieve and set parameters individually. GLOMO_MsgInfoAlloc(node, msg, info_size);

GLOMO_MsgPacketAlloc(node, msg, packet_size); GLOMO_MsgAddHeader(node, msg, header_size); GLOMO_MsgRemoveHeader(node, msg, header_size);

GLOMO_MsgSend(node, msg, delay); GLOMO_MsgFree(node, msg); GLOMO_MsgCopy(node, msg);

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Editing your codeEditing your code

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Basic Structure/doc contains the documentation/scenarios contains directories of various

sample configuration topologies /main contains the basic framework

design/bin for executable and input/output files/include contains common include files

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Basic Structure (cont’d)

/application contains code for the application layer

/transport contains the code for the transport layer

/network contains the code for the network layer

/mac contains the code for the mac laye/radio contains the code for the physical

layer

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Configuration file (\bin\ Config.in)

General Simulation ParameterScenario Topology & MobilityRadio & Propagation ModelMAC ProtocolRouting ProtocolTransport ProtocolApplication (Traffic Generators)Statistical & GUI options

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Configuration file (Example) [config.in]NUMBER-OF-NODES 3NODE-PLACEMENT FILENODE-PLACEMENT-FILE ./nodes.input#NODE-PLACEMENT UNIFORMMAC-PROTOCOL 802.11NETWORK-PROTOCOL IPROUTING-PROTOCOL BELLMANFORDAPP-CONFIG-FILE ./app.confRADIO-TYPE RADIO-ACCNOISE

[nodes.input]0 0 (20.2, 0.9, 0.11)1 0 (80.4, 90.8, 0.17)2 0 (60.7, 30.4, 0.10)

[app.conf]#CBR <src_node> <dest_node># <items> <item_size> <interval_time># <start_time> <end_time>

CBR 0 1 10 512 1S 0S 0S

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In the directory

Application

MAC

Radio

Transport

…

mac.pc

802_11.h

802_11.pc

cama.h csma.pc

(.h)Basic Definition of functions and

data objects

(.pc)Actual Functions

(Layer.pc)Layer Interface

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Adding a model or protocol to a layer

Initialization Function

Finalization Function

Simulation Event Handling Function

GLOMOPartition()

Upper Layer

Lower Layer

Needs 3 functionsNeeds 3 functions

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Data structure in specific layer

typedef struct glomo_mac_802_11_str { GlomoMac* myGlomoMac; int state; /* Statistics collection variables. */ long pktsSentUnicast; … } GlomoMac802_11;

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Initialization Functionvoid Mac802_11Init (GlomoNode *node, int interfaceIndex,

const GlomoNodeInput *nodeInput){ GlomoMac802_11 *M802 = (GlomoMac802_11*)

checked_pc_malloc(sizeof(GlomoMac802_11));

M802->myGlomoMac = node->macData[interfaceIndex];

M802->myGlomoMac->macVar = (void *)M802;

// Init Data here M802->pktsSentUnicast = 0;}

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Event Handling Functionvoid Mac802_11Layer (GlomoNode *node, int

interfaceIndex, Message *msg){ int timerSequenceNumber = *(int*)(msg->info); // handle simulation “message” Mac802_11HandleTimeout(node, M802); GLOMO_MsgFree(node, msg);

}

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Finalization Functionvoid Mac802_11Finalize (GlomoNode *node, int interfaceIndex){ GlomoMac802_11 *M802 = (GlomoMac802_11*)node->macData[interfaceIndex]->macVar; if (M802->myGlomoMac->macStats == TRUE) { Mac802_11PrintStats(node, M802); } sprintf(buf, "UCAST (non-frag) pkts sent " "to chanl: %ld", M802->pktsSentUnicast); GLOMO_PrintStat(node, "802.11", buf);}

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Obtaining the information

Select what layer you want the statistics for

APPLICATION-STATISTICS YESTCP-STATISTICS NONETWORK-LAYER-STATISTICS YESMAC-LAYER-STATISTICS YESRADIO-LAYER-STATISTICS NO CHANNEL-LAYER-STATISTICS NO MOBILITY-STATISTICS NO

config.in

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Sifting through the Data

Sample Output from 1 node: Glomo.stat

Node: 0, Layer: 802.11, pkts from network: 0Node: 0, Layer: 802.11, BCAST pkts sent to chanl: 69Node: 0, Layer: NetworkIp, Number of Packets Routed For Another Node: 0Node: 0, Layer: NetworkIp, Number of Packets Delivered To this Node: 4549Node: 1, Layer: 802.11, pkts from network: 0Node: 1, Layer: 802.11, UCAST (non-frag) pkts sent to chanl: 2499Node: 1, Layer: 802.11, BCAST pkts sent to chanl: 67 …

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Sifting through the Data

Stats Printed for Each Node

You’ll Probably need to add Statistics

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Adding Stats

Go through Header and add for Statistic Variables

typedef struct glomo_mac_802_11_str { GlomoMac* myGlomoMac; int state; /* Statistics collection variables. */ long pktsSentUnicast; … <---------- Add Stat here !!! } GlomoMac802_11;

802_11.h

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Adding Stats

Initialize your extra stat to zero in the initialize function

void Mac802_11Init(){ M802->myGlomoMac = node->macData[interfaceIndex]; M802->state = M802_11_S_IDLE;

/* initial Statistic Variable to zero */ M802->pktsSentUnicast = 0; M802->pktsSentBroadcast = 0; M802->pktsGotUnicast = 0; … }

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Adding Stats

Add code to increment your countervoid Mac802_11ProcessFrame(){ hdr = (M802_11FrameHdr *)frame ->packet; if (hdr->destAddr == ANY_DEST) { M802->pktsGotBroadcast++; } else{ M802->pktsGotUnicast++; … GLOMO_MsgFree(node, frame);}

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Adding Stats

Add a print statement in “Finalize” functionvoid Mac802_11Finalize(){ M802 = node->macData[interfaceIndex]->macVar; sprintf(buf, "UCAST (non-frag) pkts sent " "to chanl: %ld", M802->pktsSentUnicast); GLOMO_PrintStat(node, "802.11", buf); sprintf(buf, "BCAST pkts sent to chanl: “, "%ld", M802->pktsSentBroadcast); GLOMO_PrintStat(node, "802.11", buf); … }

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Obtaining Glomosim/Parsec

Web site: http://pcl.cs.ucla.edu/projects/parsec http://pcl.cs.ucla.edu/projects/glomosim

Questions: PARSEC: parsec@cs.ucla.edu GloMoSim: glomosim@pcl.cs.ucla.edu

Scalable Mobile Network Simulator

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Inside the Source Program

glomosim-2.0

\glomosim \parsec

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Installing Parseccopy correct directory to be parsec in …

Linux

Windows

/usr/local/parsec

C:\Parsec

\glomosim-2.0\parsec\

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Installing Parsec

Windows (Set Environment Variable)

path %path%;c:\devstudio\vc\bin; c:\devstudio\sharedide\bin

set INCLUDE=c:\devstudio\vc\include set LIB=c:\devstudio\vc\lib

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Installing GloMoSim

UNIX (go to /glomosim/main) Run "make depend" to create list of

depndencies in the Makefile. Make sure that the right path for the Parsec

compiler is specified in the Makefile for the "PAR" variable.

Run "make" to create the executableWindows (go to c:\glomosim\main

Run “makent” to create the executable

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Compiling GloMoSim (optional)

compiles only specific layer by “make _layerName” or “makent _layerName” for example prompt> makent MAC

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Runnig Program

Go to directory glomosim/bin -> type: “glomosim config.in“

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For gcc v.2.96 and higher

setenv (or set or export, depending on your shell) the environment variable

PCC_PP_OPTIONS"-D__builtin_va_list=void* -D__STRICT_ANSI__ -E -U__GNUC__ -I."

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End