glossary 1.2

8/12/2019 Glossary 1.2

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Legal Glossary

8/12/2019 Glossary 1.2


The accused A person or group ofpeople who arecharged with or ontrial for a crime.

Acuzatul The officers of thecourt or the pressmust not refer to theaccused as “the

thief” or “themurderer” before asentence on him ispassed.

Accused’sdock(bench)

A special place where are situatedaccused.

Bancaacuzatilor

Behind the well ofthe court is the dock in whichthe accused will sitduring proceedings.

To appear ina court oflaw

To arrive infront ofthe judge at the lawcourt.

A aparea in fatalegii

He has a moreserious problem wichobliges him toappear in a criminalcourt of law .

Assessor An expert in aparticular subject

who is ased b! acourt or other official

group to give advice.

Asesor"evaluatorcontrolor

The governmentappointedindependentassessors to review

the viabilit! of theremaining coalmines.

Barrister A law!er in Britain who has the right toargue cases in thehigher courts of law.

Avocat pledant#in $areaBritanie%

A barrister willrepresent him incourt and plead hiscase.

To besummoned

To order somebod!to appear in court.

A fi convocat He was summoned to appear before themagistrates.

To sue, tobringtocourt

To mae a claimagainst somebod! incourt aboutsomething that the!have said or done toharm !ou.

A intenta oactiune

The! threatened tosue if the wor wasnot completed.

To conducttheproceedings

To organize" guide orlead the procedure atthe court of justice.

A conducedezbaterile

The judge conductsthe proceedings.

To consult asolicitor

To get informationabout a case from a

A consulta unavocat

A person will consulta solicitor if he needs

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solicitor. the assistance of thelaw for astraightforwardaverage problem.

Counsel for

the defence

A law!er or group of

law!ers representingsomebod! in court.

Avocat al

apararii

Counsel for the

defence has the rightto cross&examine.

Counsel fortheprosecution

A law!er or group oflaw!er accusingsomebod! in court.

'rocuror"avocat alacuzarii

The counsel for the prosecution willaddress the jur! andpresent his case.

Court of justice

(ourt of law or #law%court.

Tribunal The laws the'arlament maeshave to be

interpreted and thisis the job of thecourts of justice.

Districtcourt

A court that deals with cases in aparticular area.

Tribunal judetean oridistrictual

He was sentencet atthe )ashingtondistrict court.

Dispute *iscussion about asubject where thereis disagreement.

+itigiu" conflict The union is indispute

with management

over woring hours.!idence The facts" signs orobjects that mae!ou believe thatsomething is true.

*ovezi probe , was ased to giveevidence at the trial.

Corroborati!e e!idence

the information,proof that is givingsupport to astatement.

'robe carecoroboreaza"sprijina"confirma

,s therean! corroborativeevidence for thistheor!-

"earsa#e!idence

epresents what a witness saw" not what he heard fromother people.

'robe indirecte /nder 0nglish law"hearsay evidence isnot generall! taeninto consideration.

To gathere!idence

To accumulateevidence.

A aduna probe The law!er gathersevidence in order tobe read! for trial.

To gi!ee!idence

To offer evidence orproof.

A depunemarturie

1n giving evidence the witness must notleave the court to

prevent his unting with later witnesses.

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$uilt The fact thatsomebod! has donesomething illegal.

2ina His guilt was provedbe!ond all doubt b!the prosecution.

$uilt# 3eeling ashamed

because !ou havedone something that!ou now is wrong orhave not donesomething that !oushould have done.

2inovat The jur! returns the

verdict “guilty ” or“not guilty ”.

%nnocent 4ot guilt! of a crime"etc5 not having donesomething wrong.

4evinovat A person accused ofa crime must besupposed innocent

until his guilt hasbeen proved.To hear To listen to and

judge a case incourt.

A audia Toda! the jur! beganto hear the evidence.

"earing An opportunit! toexplain !our actions"ideas or opinions.

Audiere The bo! givessomebod! a fairhearing&

'uror A member of a jur!. 6urat ,n future" m!

neighbour" wich is amechanich" willbecome a juror .

'ur# A group of membersof the public wholisten to the facts of acase in a court anddecide whether ornot somebod! isguilt! of a crime.

(omplet de judecata

$ost tax&p!ers arelable to besummoned for jury service between theages 78 and 9:.

urder The crime of illingsomebod!deliberatel!.

(rima ;he has beencharged withthe attemptedmurder of herhusband.

urderer A person who hasilled somebod!deliberatel! andillegall!.

(riminal" ucigas The officers of thecourt or the pressmust not refer to theaccused as “the

thief” or “themurderer ” before a

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sentence on him ispassed.

To pass asentence

To state a verdictespeciall! officiall!.

A pronunta osentinta

The judge will pass asentence to lifeimprisonment on

him.To plead acase

To present a case toa court or to defendclient<s interests.

A pleda intr&unproces" a apara#in calitate deavocat%interesele uneiparti

A barrister willrepresent him incourt and plead hiscase.

To pro!e To use facts"evidence" etc. to

show that somethingis true.

A proba" adovedi

The law!er tries to prove that his client

is innocent.

roof ,nformation"documents" etc. thatshow that somethingis true.

*ovada" proba The burden of proof in criminal casesgenerall! rests onthe prosecution.

To reachagreement

To achieve aparticular aim.

A ajunge la unconsens

The counsel for theprosecution and thecounsel for the

defence can reach aagreement .To return a!erdict

To give a decisionabout something incourt.

A comunica unverdict

The jur! returns theverdict “guilt!” or “notguilt!”.

To rule A statement of what!ou are advised todo in a particularsituation

A decide" adispune

The prisoners brea a lot of rule&

*entence The punishmentgiven b! a court.

;entinta #decondamnare%

The judge will pass asentence on him.

*uspendedsentence

To officiall! dela! thepunishment.

;uspendare depedeapsa

The judge can maeit a suspendedsentence.

*entence toprison

The punishment to jail given b! a court.

A condamna lainchisoare

The judge givessentence to prison for constable whohad arrested.

To snatch To tae something

=uicl! and oftenrudel! or roughl!.

A insfaca" a

inhata" a prinde

The raiders

snatched >8:: fromthe cash register.

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To swear onoath

To be obliged to sa!onl! the truth andnothing else

A depune juramint

)itness is re=uiredto swear on oath.

*olicitor A law!er whoprepares legal

documents" forexample for the saleof land or buildings"advises people onlegal matters" andcan spea for themin some courts oflaw.

Avocatconsultant

To become asolicitor" a person

must spend sometime in the office of afirm of solicitors.

To sum up,

to make thesumming up

To state the main

points of somethingin a short and clearform.

A rezuma

#datele cazului"procesului%

)hen the two sides

have presented theircases the judgegives his summing-up.

*ur!eillance The act of carefull! watching a personsuspected of a crimeor a place where acrime ma! becommitted.

;upraveghere The police areeeping the suspectunder cinstantsurveillance.

Theft The crime of stealingsomething from aperson or place.

3urt 'olice areinvestigating thetheft of computersfrom the compan!?soffices.

Thief A person who stealssomething fromanother person orplace.

Ho@ The officers of thecourt or the pressmust not refer to theaccused as “the

thief ” or “themurderer ” before asentence on him ispassed.

Trial A formal examinationof evidence in courtb! a judge and oftena jur!" to decide ifsomebod! accused

of a crime is guilt! ornot.

6udecata"proces

'articipating in a triala barrister ma! becounsel for theplaitiff or counsel forthe defendant.

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To tr# a case To judge a dispute. A judeca unconflict

The judge tries acase which includeshomicide.

To retr# acase

To judge again adispute which was

judge before.

A rejudicia unconflict #proces%

The judge retries acase because the

last sentence wasincorrect.

+erdict A decision taen b!a jur! in court"stating if smb isconsidered guilt! ornot.

2erdict" deciziea unei instante

judecatoresti

The jur! returns theverdict “guilt!” or “notguilt!”.

To warrant A legal documentthat is signed b! a

judge and gives thepolice authorit! to dosomething.

A justifica" aindreptati

The situationscarcel! warrants

theirthem beingdismissed.

ill A legal documentthat sa!s what is tohappen tosomebod!?s mone!and propert! afterthe! die.

Testament $! father left me thehouse and a race carin his will .

To contest a will A competition in which people tr! to win will.

A contesta untestament , contest thegrandfather<s willbecause he left meonl! the old car.

To makeone’s will

To maesomebod!<s will.

A&si facetestamentul

Atorne! makesgrandfather’s will .

itness A person who seessomething happenand is able todescribe it to otherpeople.

$artor Witness is re=uiredto swear on oath.

itness bo- )itness doc Bancamartorilor

0vidence is given inthe witness box.

To ac.uit To decide and stateofficiall! in court thatsomebod! is notguilt! of a crime.

A achita The judge acquitshim on the groundsof insufficientevidence.

Assi/es A court in the past which travelled to

each count! of0ngland and )ales.

;esiuneperiodica a

curtii cu jurati

He was tried andsentenced at the

assizes.

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To becommittedfor trial

Bound over for trial5the person ma!remain in custod! orbe released on bailor on his own

recognizance"pending trial.

A fi trimis in judecata

He was committedfor trial for illing hisdaughter.

Bodil# harm 'h!sical injur!. +eziunecorporala

The thief injured hima lot of bodily harm.

$rie!ousbodil# harm

2er! serious ph!sicalinjur!.

+eziunecorporala grava

The assassin injuredhim a lot of grievous bodily harm.

Case A =uestion to be

decided in court.

'rocess )hen does her case

come to the court-Ci!il case A special t!pe ofoffense which shouldbe decided in court

'rocess civil He has a easierproblem wich obligeshim to appear in acivil court of law.

Criminalcase

'rocess penal He has a moreserious problem wichobliges him toappear in a criminal

court of law.To challengea juror

To invite juror toenter a competition"fight" etc.

A cereschimbareaunui jurat

The! both have theright to challengeseven jurors.

Clemenc# indness shown tosomebod! when the!are being punished5

willingness not topunish somebod! soseverel!.

(lementa"ingaduinta"blindete

The jur! canrecommendclemency inextenuatingcircumstances.

To con!ictof

To decide and stateofficiall! in court thatsomebod! is guilt! ofa crime.

A condamna He was convicted of murder.

Con!iction The act of findingsomebod! guilt! of acrime in court5 thefact of having beenfound guilt!.

(ondamnare ;he has six previousconvictions for theft.

Damage Harmful effects onsmbdsmth.

*espagubire"compensare

This could causeserious damage to

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the countr!?seconom!.

Defendant The person in a trial who is accused ofcommitting a crime"

or who isbeing sued b!another person.

'CrCt" inculpat (ounsel for thedefence ma! not callthe defendant as a

witness.

Cross 0e-amination

To =uestion smb.carefull! and in a lotof detail aboutanswers that the!have alread! given"especiall! in court.

'rocedura princare parteaadversa puneintrebarimartorului

(ounsel for thedefence has the rightto cross-eamine.

-tenuatingcircumstances

0xtenuatingcircumstancesrender a crime lessevil or reprehensible.The! do not lowerthe degree of anoffense" althoughthe! might reducethe punishmentimposed.

(ircumstanteatenuante He was found inetenuatingcircumstances therefore ma! be heis innocent.

1ine To mae somebod!pa! mone! as anofficial punishment.

Amenda /nder the new law"motorists face fines of up to D8:::.

To hire To give somebod! a job.

A angaja The! hired a firm ofconsultants to designthe new s!stem.

'ustice ofthe eace

An official who actsas a judge in thelowest courts of law.

6udecator depace

,n (anada" !usticeof the "eace pla! ae! role in theadministration of

justice at theprovincial level.

2ibel The act of printing astatement aboutsomebod! that is nottrue and that givespeople a bad opinionof them.

(alomnie"defaimare

He sued thenewspaper for libel .

agistrate An official who actsas a judge in the

$agistrat He was obliged tocome up before the

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lowest courts of law. magistrates.3ffence,crime

The act of upsettingor insultingsomebod!.

(ontraventie"delict"infractiune

The crime rate isrising.

laintiff A person who maes

a formal complaintagainst somebod! incourt.

eclamant The plaintiff must

prove that thedefendant wasnegligent.

To pleadguilt#

To state in court that!ou are guilt! or notguilt! of a crime.

A marturisi #a&sirecunoaste%vina

The person pleadshis guilty and he wascondemned toprison.

To present acase

To show a case in atrial

A prezentadatele unui

proces

The counsel for theprosecution presents

his case.

rocedure The formal order or wa! of doing smth"especiall! inbusiness" law orpolitics.

'rocedura The procedure forlogging on to thenetwor usuall!involves a password.

To rob To steal mone! orpropert! from a

person or place.

A jefui" a prada The gang hadrobbed and illed the

drugstore owner.4obber# The crime of stealingmone! or goods froma ban" shopstore"person" etc"especiall! usingviolence or threats.

TClharie" jaf There has been aspate of robberies inthe area recentl!.

To settle outof court

+egal arrangement"initiated andcompleted outside ofthe formal judicialprocess5 usuall! withthe activeinvolvement of theattorne!srepresentingopposing parties.Also callednegotiated

settlement.

A rezolva prin Cmpacaciune"fara a apela latribunal

,t is fre=uentl! moreadvantageous for theplaintiff to settle outof court for a slightl!lower sum than he

was asing.

*lander A false spoen *efaimare" He?s suing them for

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statement intendedto damage the goodopinion people haveof somebod!5 thelegal offence of

maing this ind ofstatement.

calomnie#verbala%

slander .

*windle To cheat somebod!in order to getsomething"especiall! mone!"from them.

0scrocherie"inselatorie"pacalire

The! swindled hundreds of dollarsout of him.

To tell thetruth

To sa! onl! the truefacts.

A spueadevarul

)itnesses areobliged to tell the

truth. arrant A legal documentthat is signed b! a

judge and gives thepolice authorit! to dosomething.

,ndreptatire"mandate"

justificare

3urther investigationis clearl! warranted.

To embe//le To steal mone! that!ou are responsible

for or that belongs to!our emplo!er.

A frauda" afura" a delapida

He was found guilt!of embezzling

>8E:::: of publicfunds.

Burglar# The crime of enteringa building illegall!and stealing thingsfrom it.

;pargere" furtcu spargere

The !outh wascharged with threecounts of burglary.

Tort ;omething wrongthat somebod! doesto somebod! elsethat is not criminal"but that can lead toaction in a civil court.

'rejudiciu"paguba" dauna

The theft did a bigtort for citizens.

nforcement The act ofcompellingobservance of orcompliance with alaw" rule or

obligation.

;anctionare"executare"constringere

+awenforcement officers patrol the streets.

2iabilit# The state of being aspundere" The compan! cannot

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legall! responsiblefor something.

responsabilitate" obligatie

accept liability foran! damage causedb! natural disasters.

+icariousliabilit#

;ometimes calledFimputed liabilit!"F

attachment ofresponsibilit! to aperson for harm ordamages caused b!another person ineither a negligencelawsuit or criminalprosecution.

aspundereindirecta

,n most states aparticipant in a

crime ma! bevicariously liable formurder if anothermember of the gangshoots and ills ashopeeper orpoliceman.

"a/ardous ,nvolving ris or

danger" especiall! tosomebod!?s healthor safet!.

'ericulos ,t would be

hazardous to investso much.

5uisance A thing" person orsituation that isanno!ing or causestrouble or problems.

Belea" pacoste"neplacere

He was charged withcausing a publicnuisance.

Defamation The act of damaging

somebod!?sreputation b! sa!ingor writing bad orfalse things aboutthem.

*efaimare.

(alomnie

He brought a legal

action against themagazine fordefamation ofcharacter.

"earsa##evidence%

Things that !ou haveheard from anotherperson but do not#definitel!% now tobe true.

Gvon" dinauzite" indirect

)e can?t mae adecision based onhearsay andguesswor.

To impeach To charge animportant publicfigure with a seriouscrime.

A pune subacuzare

The law!er in thecourt impeachs theguilt of his clients.

%mproper *ishonest" or morall! wrong.

,ncorrect"necorespunzator"

There was nothingimproper about ourrelationship.

2egal

citation

$aing a summons

wich is allowed orre=uired b! law.

(itire legala The judge gives a

legal citation.

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Briefs A legal case that isgiven to a law!er toargue in court5 apiece of wor for abarrister.

ezumat"dosar" scurtaexpunere adovezilor

Barrister maes newbriefs for the case.

6nderco!er )oring or donesecretl! in order tofind out informationfor the police" agovernment" etc.

;ub acoperire The illegal pa!ments were discovered b!a journalist woringundercover &

Ballot paper A paper wherepeople do a sign onit" in order to elect acandidate or to

resolve a problem whicc is given atreferendum.

Bulletin de vot The +atvians citizensdrop their ballot paper in the pools.

ollingstation

A building wherepeople go to vote inan election.

;ectie devotare

,n all countr! wereopened a lot of polling station.

Turnout The number ofpeople who attend aparticular event.

'rezenta laurnele devotare.

The referendumspared a largeturnout .

art# A politicalorganization that !oucan vote for inelections and whosemembers have thesame aims andideas.

'artid ;he belongs to the#abour "arty.

Breach A failure to dosomething that mustbe done b! law.

,ncalcare"infractiune

The! are in breach of Article 88 ofgerman (onstitution.

%njured part# The person who hasbeen treated unfairl!or the person whoclaims in court tohave been treatedunfairl!.

'arteavatamata

$njured party is inhospital" the! are notpresent at the trial.

Assignment A tas or piece of wor that somebod!

is given to do"usuall! as part of

(esiune"transfer

, had set m!self atough assignment.

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their job or studies.Assignee A person to whom a

right or liabilit! islegall! transferred.

(esionar"reprezentant"agent

The part! who getsthe right is called theassignee.

Charge An official claim

made b! the policethat somebod! hascommitted a crime.

(ondamnare"

acuzare

The! decided to drop

the charges againstthe newspaper andsettle out of court.

2egitimate (orrect" allowable oroperating accordingto the law.

+egitim" legal"normal

,s his businessstrictl! legitimate-

To presume To accept sth. astrue until it is proveduntrue" especiall! in

law.

A presupune" abanui

,n 0nglish law" aperson presumes innocent until it is

proved guilt!.'urisprudence

The science or stud!of law.

6urisprudenta $! uncle was aprofessor of jurisprudence.

Dispute A situation in whichtwo countries orgroups of people=uarrel or disagree

with each other.

*isputa"diferenda"conflict

The cause of theaccident was still indispute.

Bargain ;th. bought cheapl!or for less than itsusual price5 anagreement madebetween two peopleor groups to do sth.in return for sth. else.

Afacere" tirg"tranzactie"negociere.

He and his partnerhad made abargain to tell eachother ever!thing.

To enact To mae a proposalinto law.

A adopta olege" apune inaplicare

The 'arliamentenacts a newlegislation.

Draft A rough writtenversion of somethingthat is not !et in itsfinal form.

'roiect" schita"tiraj

The legislation is stillin draft form.

2enient 4ot as strict asexpected whenpunishing somebod!or when maing surethat rules are

obe!ed.

,ngaduitor"tolerant" blind

The judge was fartoo lenient with him.

3ffence An illegal act" the act *elict He was not aware

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of upsetting orinsulting somebod!.

that hehad committed anoffence.

1elon# The act ofcommitting a serious

crime such asmurder or rape.

(rima He is suspected ofcommiting a felony .

"omicide(b#misad!enture, withmalice,7)

The crime of illingsomebod!deliberatel!.

1mucidere He was guilt! ofhomicide" wich wasmade with malice.

*muggling,bootlegging

The crime of taing"sending or bringing

goods secretl! andillegall! into or out ofa countr!.

(ontrabanda He was arrested fordrug smuggling.

Bigam# The crime ofmarr!ing somebod!

when !ou are stilllegall! married tosomebod! else.

Bigamie"casatorieconcomitentacu douapersonae

$! neigbour has abigamous relationship.

Bab#8 or

wife8battering

A violent attac that

injures or damagessomebod!something.

A ponosi" a

sfirma" a bate"a maltrata

%aby-battering is

contrar! to humanrights.

Assault The crime ofattacing smb.ph!sicall!" the act ofattacing a building"an area" etc. in orderto tae control of it.

A ataca" a viola"a lua subcontrol o cladireetc.

&n assault on thecapital was launchedin the earl! hours ofthe morning.

Arson The crime ofdeliberatel! settingfire to something"especiall! a building.

A incendia The murderer carriesout an arson attackon the house&

1orger# The crime of cop!ingmone!" documents"etc. in order to cheatpeople.

(ontrafacere"fals

0xperts aredismissing claimsthat the painting is aforgery .

Counterfeit $ade to loo exactl!lie something in

order to tric peopleinto thining that the!

(ontrafacut"imitat

*espite theintroduction of a

securit! shield on thenew D8: stamp"

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are getting the realthing.

counterfeits arecosting the postalservice millions ofpounds a !ear.

irac# The act of maing

illegal copies of*2*s" computerprograms" boos"etc" in order to sellthem.

'iraterie $! brother was

comprehended forsoftware piracy .

*windle To cheat somebod!in order to getsomething"especiall! mone!"

from them.

A escoca" ainsela

The! swindled himout of hundreds ofdollars.

erjur# The crime of telling alie in court.

6uramint fals"calcare a

juramintului

The defence witnesses werefound guilt! of perjury .

ugging The crime ofattacing somebod!violentl!" orthreatening to do so"

in order to steal theirmone!" especiall! ina public place.

6af cu violenta There have beenseveral muggings here recentl!.

*lander A false spoenstatement intendedto damage the goodopinion people haveof somebod!.

*efaimareverbala

He?s suing them forslander .

Treason The crime of doingsomething that couldcause danger to !ourcountr!" such ashelping its enemiesduring a war.

Tradare"vinzare The soldier wassentenced to prisonfor commiting the actof state treason.

Conspirac# A secret plan b! agroup of people to dosth. harmful orillegal.

(onspiratie"complot

The! were charged with conspiracy tomurder.

spionage The activit! of

secretl! gettingimportant political or

;pionaj ;ome of the

commercial activities were a cover for

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militar! informationabout anothercountr! or of findingout anothercompan!?s secrets

b! using spies.

espionage.

Drugpeddling

;elling illegal drugs. Trafic dedroguri

Toda! at the border"special dogs findver! eas! drug peddling.

2arcen# The crime of stealingsomething fromsomebod!5 anoccasion when this

taes place.

3urt in lipsa destapini.

The couple wascharged

with grandpett!larceny &

*hoplifting The crime of stealinggoods from ashopstore b!deliberatel! leaving

without pa!ing forthem.

3urt dinmagazine

'hoplifters will beprosecuted.

Burglar# The crime of enteringa building illegall!

and stealing thingsfrom it.

6af prinspargere

The !outh wascharged with three

counts ofburglary

.

ick8pocketing

To steal somethingfrom somebod!?spocet without themnoticing.

6af debuzunare" furt aportofelului

The bac pocket ona pair of jeans is theeasiest one to pick.

Terrorism The use of violentaction in order toachieve political aimsor to force agovernment to act.

Terorism The government hassworn to doever!thing in itspower to combatterrorism.

Blackmail The crime ofdemanding mone!from a person b!threatening to tellsomebod! else asecret about them.

;antaj The! were ac=uittedof charges ofblackmail .

9idnapping To tae somebod!awa! illegall! and

eep them as aprisoner" especiall!

apire Two businessmenhave been

kidnapped b!terrorists.

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in order to get mone!or something else forreturning them.

*e-ualharassment

(omments aboutsex" ph!sical

contact" etc. usuall!happening at worthat a person findsanno!ing andoffensive.

Hartuiresexuala

The chief commiteda seual harassment

towards hisemplo!ers.

Briber#,corruption

The giving or taingof bribes.

$ita" coruptie ;he was arrested onbribery charges.

Trespass To enter land or abuilding that !ou do

not have permissionor the right to enter.

A incalca legea"a gresi

He told me , wastrespassing on

private land.

ardon /sed b! somepeople to sa! sorr!<

when the! haveaccidentall! made arude noise" or said ordone something

wrong.

A ierta" aamnestia

He was given a free pardon.

Confess To admit" especiall!formall! or to thepolice" that !ou havedone something

wrong or illegal.

A marturisi After hours of=uestioning" thesuspect confessed.

Custod# The state of being inprison" especiall!

while waiting for trial.

Arrest" pastrare After the riot" I7people were taeninto police custody &

-ecute To ill somebod!"especiall! as a legalpunishment.

A executa cumoartea

The prisoners wereeecuted b! firings=uad.

"andcuff To put handcuffs onsomebod! or tofasten smb. tosth.smb.

with handcuffs.

A incatusa" apune catusele

Her hands werehandcuffed behindher bac.

4etribution ;evere punishmentfor somethingseriousl! wrong that

somebod! has done.

'edeapsasevera

'eople are seeingretribution for thelatest terrorist

outrages.+engeance The act of punishing azbunare He swore

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or harmingsomebod! in returnfor what the! havedone to !ou" !ourfamil! or friends.

vengeance on hischild?s iller.

Capitalpunishment

,nvolvingpunishment b!death.

'edeapsacapitala

The offenders havesentenced to capital punishment .

To betra# To hurt somebod! who trusts !ou"especiall! b! notbeing lo!al or faithfulto them.

A trada ;he felt betrayed when she found outthe truth about him.

"ostage A person given as a

pledge" or taenprisoner as b! anenem! or terrorist"until certainconditions are met.

1static (ostages are

innocent people" who are mistreatedfor somebod!<s goal.

6nlawful Against the law5illegal.

,legal" contrarlegii

Torrent<s peer topeer s!stem isunlawful .

2and law The law governing

real propert!.

*reptul de

proprietate #Cnspecial asuprapJmCntului%

"roperty law is the

area of law thatgoverns the variousforms of ownershipand tenanc! in realpropert!.

Detecti!e A person" especiall!a police officer"

whose occupation isto investigate andsolve crimes.

*etectiv 'rivate detective agenc! /raine)etective ;ervice#/*;% offers a biglist professional" fast"=ualit! and notexpensiveinvestigationservices in /raine.

B#laws The internal rulesand regulationsmade b! a businessor organization to

govern its internal worings.

;tatutul The bylaws of alaw!er consist insome principlesK oflegac!" libert!"

autonom! andindependence.

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$entleman’sagreement

An agreement madebetween people whotrust each other"

which is not writtendown and which has

no legal force.

,ntelegerenescrisa"accord comunin mod verbal

Between us wasmade a gentleman’sagreement to notmeet with the samegirl.

Challengefor cause

An objection to a juror based on aspecific reason"

which the judge mustapprove.

'rovocarepentru cauza

The ;upreme (ourtchallenge for cause for few wees.

Duress (onduct intended toforce someone to dosomething he or she

does not want to do"such as threat ofviolence or coercion.

;ub conflict 'eople who are induress often areunable to come at

his decision orcompromise.

1air use The legal use ofcop!rightedmaterials without theowner<s consent orpa!ment of ro!alties.

/tilizare The investigators arefair use theevidence.

1raudulentcon!e#ance

A transfer of propert!

done to hinder acreditor or place thepropert! out of acreditor<s reaches.

Transport

fraudulos

The head of state

participated infraudulentconveyance.

$un controllaw

A law regulating thesale" possession"and use of guns andfirearms.

Arma de control The emploees havepower on gun controllaw .

%ncrement An increase" usuall!part of a scale ofregular increases.

;por" cistig The council for theprosecution wonincrement whith thelaw!er and the guilt!punished appointed.

2ease A contract in whichthe owner of a pieceof propert! allowssomeone else topossess itexclusivel! for a

specified period oftime in return for

Arenda The compan! hasleased an office forcarr!ing out itsojectives.

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pa!ment.

araphernalia

0=uipment used fora particular activit!.

Bunuripersonale

"araphernalia arealso fall under theprotection of

propert! rights.

awn To give an object ofpersonal propert! toanother person"called a pawnbroer"as securit! for aloan.

,poteca "awn is a securit!interest" serving toguarantee theobligations of adebtor to thecreditor.

:uash To reject" suppress"

or end5 to maelegall! invalid.

,nabusi"

invalida"reprima

iller quashed victim

as a result of whichshe died.4estrict To limit" confine" or

control5 to limitfreedom of motion oraction.

estringere"limita

0ach contractreaches restrict

when need tocancel.

*anction 1fficial approval ofsome action.

;anctiune (riminal sanction was applied inaccordance with

'enal (ode.Tenement A building" house"dwelling" or otherstructure affixedto land.

+ocuintainchiriata

,n a tenement wascommited a crime.

Alimon# The mone! that acourt orderssomebod! to pa!regularl! to theirformer wife orhusband when themarriage is ended.

'ensiealimentara#oferita dupadivort copilului%

(an a wife bere=uired to pa!alimony to her ex&husband-

To terrori/e To use violence orthreats to fillsomeone with dreadand alarm.

A teroriza ;upreme (ourt isanalizing a case

when a person wasterrorized 8E people.

Trust# An inmate in acorrectionalinstitution who" due

to good behavior" isallowed a degree of

(redincios"demn deincredere

,n general criminalsattac people whoare trusty worth!.

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freedom andresponsibilit! deniedto other prisoners.

+andal A person who willfull! destro!s or

damages propert!.

2andal ;ome vandals havedestro!ed a police

car.

ilful *one deliberatel!"although the persondoing it nows that itis wrong.

,ntentionat"premeditat" voit

;he has commitedwilful damagetowards her peers.

6njust 4ot just5 unfair. 4edrept The cause of unjust sanction iscorruption.

Burden ofproof The obligation toprove one<s

assertion.

1bliga@ie de aface dovada The burden of proof is the dut! of onepart! in a legal caseto convince thedecision&maer#judge andor jur!%that their version ofthe facts is true.

Bond An agreement with

legal force" inparticular.

,ntelegere intre

parti" legJturJ

)e entered into a

solemn bond .

"ousing law The law governingreal propert!.

*reptul deproprietate #Cnspecial dreptulla imobil%

$embership is opento all those who usehousing law for thebenefit of thehomeless" tenants"and other occupiersof housing.

$ang An organized groupof criminals.

BandJ A gang of bo!sgathered around the

winning pitcher.eapon A thing designed or

used for inflictingbodil! harm orph!sical damage.

ArmJ 6ohn Browningcreated a niceweapon L (olt 8M88.

%nformedconsent

(onsent given afterlearning and

understanding allrelevant facts

(onsimtamintulinformat

)ife and herhusband came to

the informedconsent after an

22

http://hallo.ro/search.do?l=ro&d=en&query=obliga%C5%A3ie

http://hallo.ro/search.do?l=ro&d=en&query=de

http://hallo.ro/search.do?l=ro&d=en&query=face

http://hallo.ro/search.do?l=ro&d=en&query=dovada

http://hallo.ro/search.do?l=ro&d=en&query=obliga%C5%A3ie

http://hallo.ro/search.do?l=ro&d=en&query=de

http://hallo.ro/search.do?l=ro&d=en&query=face

http://hallo.ro/search.do?l=ro&d=en&query=dovada

8/12/2019 Glossary 1.2


needed to mae anintelligent decision"re=uired in situations

where someone isgiving up rights" as

when being arrested"or in posible ris!situations" such assurger!.

investigation of theircase of divorce.

"umanrights

The basic rights to which all humans aregenerall! consideredto be entitled" whichcan include life"

libert!" freedom ofspeech" freedom ofreligion" dueprocess" e=ualrights" and dignit!.

*repturileomului

At *ecember 8:"8MNO" the PeneralAssembl! /41adopted andproclaimed the

*niversal)eclaration of(uman +ights.

2awbreaking

The process ofdisrespecting thelaw.

,ncalcarea legii )e can often noticelaw breaking in ourcountr!.

Case stud# A detailed anal!sis ofa person or group"especiall! as amodel of medical"ps!chiatric"ps!chological" orsocial phenomena.

;tudiu de caz"studiu de dosar

Case study is aprocess whichinvolves a lot ofresearches.

Constitutional Court

The court whichcontrols theconcordancebetween laws and

constitution

(urtea(onstitutionala

Constitutional Court hasn<t accomplishedhis goals.

Abate To decrease" reduce"or diminish5 to end"dismiss" ortemporaril! suspenda lawsuit

A suspendatemporar unproces

6udge 6ohn wasabated because the

witness gave falsetestimon!.

To plea A statement made b!smb. or for smb. whois accused of a

crime.

A motiva" aargumenta

He was charged withmurder" but got offon a plea of insanit!.

5ationwide To loo for (autare la nivel The! started a

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hunt somebod! at thenational level inorder to catch them.

national"vinatoare lanivel de stat

nationwide hunt forhim.

4ansom $one! that is paid tosomebod! so that

the! will set free aperson who is beingept as a prisoner b!them.

ascumparare"pret de

rascumparare

The idnappersdemanded a ransom

of DE:::: from hisfamil!.

4ape The crime of forcingsomebody to havesex with you,especially usingviolence.

Act de viol (an a personsuspected of andcharged with rape beallowed bail-

Ban To decide or sa!

officiall! thatsomething is notallowed.

,nterdictie" ban"

interzicere"anatema

(hemical weapons

are banned internationall!.

*olitar#confinement

A punishment in which a prisoner isept alone in aseparate cell5isolation ward.

A inchide intr&ocamera de unulsingur

'risoner was insolitary confinement .

4emed# A wa! of dealing with

a problem" using theprocesses of the law.

emediu"

despagubire"compensatie

Holding cop!right

provides the onl!legal remedy againstunauthorizedcop!ing.

4eliance The state of needingsomebod!something in order to survive"be successful" etc5the fact of being able

to rel! onsomebod!something.

,ncredere"sprijin

, wouldn?t place toomuch reliance on #Qtrust% these figures.Heav! reliance onone client is ris!

when !ou arebuilding up abusiness.

glossary 1.2

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