THE

GULISTAN OlP

SA'DI.

WITH A FULL VOCABULARY.

THE

GULISTAN Olr

SHAIKH MUeLIIJU 'D DIN SA'Dl OF SHIRAZ:

OnBlfULLY OOLLATED WITH ORIGINAL MBB.

WITH A FULL VOCABULARY.

BY

JOHN PLATTS, Olf. OlP B. .'s IlfSPJICT01I8 OlP SCHOOLS Dr 'lB. CJIlfTB.lL PIIOVIlfCBS 011 nfDu.

LONDON: WlI. H. ALLEN AND CO., 13, WATERLOO PLACE, S.W.

1871.

London: W. H. Allen & Co., Printers, IS, Waterloo Place, S.W.

PREFACE.

TII1Il present edition of the Gulistin iathe result of a careful comparison of the texts of Gentios, Gladwin, Semelet, Sprenger, and Johnson, as well as a large number of old and valuable manuscripts-partly my own property, partly that of the publishers of this work-and some chQice lithographed copies which I brought with me from India.

Had my own wishes alone been consulted, it would perhaps have been more agreeable ~ me ~ re-edit (with permission) the excellent text of Dr. Sprenger, and add a vocabulary there~; but 88 it was determined that a revised text should be prepared by me, I set myse1l ~ the task with the earnest intention of making the best of the valuable and ample material at my command

I undertook the work with the less hesitation because I believed, Jst, That even Dr. Sprenger admits that other readings than those adopted by him are admissible (at least, I infer as much from his giving the fJtwiant81 of three copies in the notes of the PNlace of his edition); 20dly, That there was much room for improvement in the punctuation of all the preceding editions; 3rdly, That a more extensive use of ortho-graphical sigos-at least, in all the opening chapters of the work, and in all the Arabic portions-would prove of great assistance ~ students; 4thly, That a foller and more accurate vocabulary than any that has hitherto appeared was desirable.

Two of the MSS. used by me I found ~ be, for the most part, ia smprising hannony with the text of Dr. Sprenger; and hence, whenever these three conC1lJ"1'8(l in a reading from which that (or those, for the readings of the others were in some instances as various as possible,) of the other imts and. manuscripts dift'ered, I invariably adopted it as the more trwItworthy. Moreover, the readings of all the texts and MSS. in some few cases differed widely from one another, and from the text of Dr. Sprenger; in such cases I have unhesitatingly preferred the reading of Dr. Sprenger.

The full system of punctuation, the extensive use of vowel-points, and

vi PREFA.CE.

the invariable use of the kalat, will, it is hoped, remove many difficulties from the beginner's path, enabling him to read fluently, correctly, and intelligibly, and to discover the meaning of the author with tolerable facility.

To the preparation of the Vocabulary I have devoted very considerable time and pains. I have not, to the best of my knowledge, omitted a single word ooourring in the text, except such perfect participles as differ in no sense from the verbs from which they are derived, and a few compounds, such as daBtam, dutat (of which the parts, daBt, am, and at, are given separately)~ in cases where they could not possibly puzzle the learner who bas mastered the merest elements of the grammar. On the contrary, I have admitted into the Vocabulary all Persian phrases and idioms of which the sense is not quite obvious, and all the Arabic phrases and sentences ooourring in the text. The meanings given in preceding vocabularies I have, in not a few cases, felt it necessary to modify or completely change. A notable instance of this will be found in the word IAir,ai, to which the vocabularies and dictionaries give the meaning of "The game of leap-frog" or " Blind-man's buff," to neither of which it bas the slightest relation. Of several words I have attempted to fix the etymology; with what success I cannot presume to determine. I have spared no pains in ascertaining the correct vowels of every word; in dis-tinguishing purely Persian from purely Arabic words; in noting such Persian words as, though derived from the Arabic, have changed their form or signifiaation, or both; and lastly, in noting Arabic words coined from the Persian, Sanskrit, and Greek 1angnages.

In the preparation of the Vocabulary I have made free use of the com-mentaries-some of which are remarkably good-on the margin of my manuscripts. I must also acknowledge my obligations to M. Ch. De-&emery, the notes to whose translation of the "Gulistin" furnished me with much valuable information.

The writings of Sa'di are held in high esteem wherever Persian is studied. His" Pand-nima," "Gulistin," and "Bostin," especially, al"8 commonly read, quoted and admired; and the two former are the first put into the hands of the youthful student. This, however, is not to be attri-buted to their being more highly prized, generally, than the writings of others (for the Persian scholar by no means places Sa'di in the foremost rank of authors), but to their greater simplicity of style and suitableness of subject-matter. It would, perhaps, be difficult to find in the language another author whose works combine at once such simplicity of style with

PREFA.OE. vii

so many beauties of thought and language. Hence the works of Sa'di are rightly the first that are taken up by an English student. But for an exten-sive and sound knowledge of Persian the works of Sa'di alone, or of Sa'di with the addition of the " Anviri Suhaili," will not suffice. Portions, at least, of all the old authors of mark, as also of the moderns, should be studied as well It is to be feared, however, that as long as so little encouragement is given to Oriental scholarship in England, the student of Persian will not step beyond the beaten path of the " Gulistin" and the " Anviri Suhaili;" and that the study of the works indicaUd above will be regarded as a luxury, to be enjoyed by those alone who are fortunate in the possession of a natural love for the study, and leisure at. command to gratify that love.

It was my intention to have prefixed a Life of Sa'di, compiled from reliable sources, to this edition of the Gulistin; but as this would have delayed the appearance of the work for some months, it was deemed advisable to put forth the work without it, and to proceed with the biography with the view to its appearance in another work, which it is expeeted will be shortly ready for the press.

J. P.

LONDON, 23rd MarcA, 1871.

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VOCABULARY. "

I a (inteIj.) oh !.ahl; (interrog.) num P utrum P ~I abla'ke, one fool; a certain fool, (followed an P A. [:1'. by ,,)ki), the fool. P.A.

yT iib, water, tears, anything liquid; lustre. ~I ibU" the devil. A ..::.o~ yT libi ""!Jiit, ,!"atElr oflne, immortality. I;)!I ibn, son. A. [whelp. A

P.A." [Po y.) I;)!I ibnu !!i'bin, son of a wolf, a wolf's I;)\;.,l yl iibi tiakiin, water of the moutb, saliva. .~I abna' (pI. of I;)!I ibn), sons. A. I'',l ~ abi ditia, water of the eyes, tears. P. ~ II~I abnap jim, those of the same . :r' -b- '" ('!t t f Id) Id . k species, character, rank, or condition. A.P

.J.J Y u ",ar, OJ. wa er 0 go ,go en m ; , h' . U"~ iibnu" ebony. P. w Ite WIDe. P.

JYj yl libizuliil, cool, sweet, limpid water. P.A. J!I abu, (ace. 41 aba, gen. tF;1 abi), father, , originator, cause, possessor; (used, as a pre-~ ,;,T iibi ikor, salt water, sea. P. fixed noun, for yl ab; before the Arabic .~I ibii', refusing, refraining, disliking. A. article it is pronounced abll, with the final 1;)if'~1 ibii kartian, to refuse, &c. A.P. vowel short). A. I;)b~1 iibiidiin, fertile, flourishing; cultivated, ~I J!I ablS 'lJaraj; see under ~ ,1uIiM. A.

populated; replenished. P. . U".J~IJ!I abu 'ifawliriB, (lit. father of cavaliers) .P.' yr ab-ju, Hood-tide. P. the nickname of a certain loud and harsh-I'',l yl iib-ditia, tears; tearful eyes. P. voiced preacber. A. [father and mother. A

..1.1 abr, cloud. P. 1;)!f.1 abawani, (dual of yl ab), the two parents, I ':f lb' - - . cl d 11 ... 1 abawahu" bis parents. A

.J,l ..I. a N u!!ar, sprmg. ou s. P.A. :.To :r ' ;:; J!I abu balc1' (lit. father of the maid), Abu-,)')~labNii!!U1'(or,ii!!ar),winter-clouds,clouds b kr M h d' fith . I d ,'. e , u amma s a er-m- aw an suc-WIthout rain. ;. [saints. A. cessor. A

..J1!1 abriir, (pl.of;. ba1'1'),just,rigbteous (men), ~..b.oo.

L1 ( 2 ) u-I Persia; so called because Sa'd bin Zangi, .)~I ijtilaiid, striving to do; diligence, effort, the first of the house, was the tutor of . I ojr, reward, recompense..A.. [pains. .A.. Bultan Banjar, who conferred the'kingdom !l"!"1 ajralu, his reward . .A.. [fare .A.. on him. The Atibaks reigned from 1148 I' -~ ard h' o~ .U)r..", recompense, rew ,wages, Ire ; to 1264 .A..D. It was to the sixth of them J.!.T ajil, delaying, returning, prospective, that the Gulistan was dedicated. T. belonging to the future world. .A..

l:I..tJ-t-i ata'muruna, do you command P (2. m. J.!.I ojal, death, appointed time, fate. .A.. pl. impen. orthe verb ~I amara, with the i~1 ajalla, may (God) render glorioua (8 p. interromo,tive particle t prefixed) . .A.. ~

&:>- sing. perf. of 4th form of J.!. jalla, he was u:;T ati.l, fire, heat; rage. P. glorious, used optatively); great, glorious, ~T atiBlii, thou art fire. P. revered (used adjectively) .. .A.. ..;.;T;I_atiBli, thou art (composed) of6re. P. J.!.I ajallll, more or most glorious, most noble jt.n itn,al, close union, attachment. .A.. or honoured. .A.. \J\Li1 "tifii~, agreement, concurrence, com ~~I ajliif, (pl. of ~ jilj), rude, coarse,

mon consent; league; intention, resolve; churlish; stupid, foolish..A.. [glory. .A.. chance, accident, fortune; occasion; ar- J~I ijlal, reverencing, honouring; reverence, rangement .A.. [occur; to agree .A..P. y~1 ijlalaluma, the honour (or glory) of

I:I,,\;;;I \JIJ, ittifii~ uftadtm, to happen, chance, both .A.. [individuals. .A.. ~\iil ittiJtl~, by chance; in concert . .A.. "I..T ~ (pl. of ~I afuJd), units, ones; e. ;;~ ittafa~at, it has unitecl (fem. 8th form .)I.I~, singly .A..

oftha verb tJi.J wqfaka) .A.. ~I uldbbu, I love, (imp:n. of ~I a~IJ, ,.,...; e. ;;i! I~I i!IJ 'ttqf~at Mlru, when they 4Jth.fo~ of the v~b~. ~) . .A..

unite, (become) a t:iver. .A.. [ (men). .A.. j!,=.1 i(&t.,.fIII, guarding agamst; carefulness, .\.i,;1 at1ci (i' (pI. of toki!!) devout or pioua caution, forbearance. .A..

- ._'g ,-?" li hm 1"::t.1 iltiliim, dreaming of copulation, noc-I"I.I~ um~~'Icomple~Ion, acctanmp a (. ent~ .A.of ~ pollution. .A.. U.J'I atiiuv, turn m repen ce, Impen. Jt.:.1 '1.#' -I bearin rti tti . the verb u\; for u,i, he repented) . .A.. - 'th'\wunati , ti gbearan' suppo ng, p~ . ng up _I ~ h' . WI ; pa ence, or ce; suspICIon. .A. .

. 1.1 at.., e came . .A.. I .1. .7 'ii' ~ 1If'IU, one. P . ~L1 alani, he came to me . .A.. 1 1. .7 1. f th v .. ~~ a~lIum, one 0 em..A. !,al ~jJI JL1 atlini 'llaii al_u, he whom I ~J.I ifuU (fem. of ~I ~,one . .A..

love came to me. .A.. .;;..Jl I ~I ilula 'I NuMUJm one of the two .JuT ~ar ~l. of)} ~ar) signs, mar .. ; annals, good~hin~ . .A.. . J

h18tone&, tradItions, &0 .A.. .1-1 lABan doing good kindneu favour "I I". 1:1 ., , , J

.J' tIfIW! 8l~, ~:" trace, prmt, ImpreBBIOn, obligation; watchfulness, preserving in the vestige, mdIcatIon, effect . .A.. right way .A..

;1 im, ain . .A.. a-I tI~(Jft, more (or most) beautiful . .A.. d'

",.un, sinful, crimina1.; sinner. .A.. I ~I a~MUJ, he hath done good; (optatively), W.I tJinum, ace. of Qim .A.. may (God) make good, (3 p. sing. perf. of .... L.I} !f"abat answering IUWmting res. the 4th form of the verb ~ ~) . .A..

. . , '----r' .. ~~I ponse,acceptance,consent .A.. [.A..P. I.ot~.ul ~I tl/UanlJ 'lliilu kAalii,alu, may ~f ~~I ijabat lcarltm, to answer, to accept. God give him a happy deliverance . .A..

oj~1 ijaUlt, leave, permission; permission ~I afarin,do good; (imp. ot ~I a~(Jfta) .A.. (to Upart) . .A.. .1.:.1 a~la' (pl. of l:.. ~M), entrails, ~I ijtama'at, it 1um ;.med (fem. 8th form bowels . .A..

of the verb ~ jtJmll'tI). .A.. 1:1"-1 iHan, causing to be continent or ,.II! ~I 1';1 ila 'jtama'at ba~, when they chaste; abstaining; fortifying, strength.

unite, (become) a sea . .A.. ening . .A..

) lu.' iVa,{, protect, guat'd, or defend thou, cI!JD.' i1d!wiin, brothers, brethren (not, gene-

(imp. ofthe verb ~ l}ofi~a). A. [80n. A.. rally, .by birth) fellm88, aS8u~ .Jl.J UJa 'waIf and Cl"tuS. A. of duvils. ~1 a~, (lit~f~::;'8:e:~~;I=~::~Y) ~I':~!P-l iMw6nu :~~~~:t~;e!~:SO-

~l a~ma~, foolish, fool. A.. [fooL A..P. purity; (an association to which is ascribed .J~I a~ma(d(lf', more foolish; a greater the authorship of numerous works on

J~~::!mces~~~~~ ~~e~;:=,~~~::;~~d, fraternity. A. '~I uf c; ,Y~), triY,s. bl prorreIlciatiorr, voi~u~ y.,J'l 1i~1 a~!layi 'ar&I}, AraY tribes. A..P. ,1.)1 , payment, fulfJImenl}, performance. A. C a1m, brother, companion, fellow, connected ybT adab (pI. of ~I adab), good manners;

to ~ nOlm, corrEi:u,sie8 I morale~ A. the nom. is,.,.1 a1d!i, the ace. aklJij). A.. r'.)' ailMna, may (He) prolong; (3 uLarlng. ~I.bll 'I 'adi8,Eti, tdu hateu,l}he perf. ofthl34th f"Uffi ofthu verY;J.,:aamz;;,

the malevoIurrl}. A.. fzm &' U8uY optatzul3ly). ' WI ~I a~ '~ bali!lati, involved in misfor- M~I ~i rbl adiima 'llabu aiyiimaAu, may God

afHI

( 4 ) ~.)T adina, the Muhammadan Sabbath, Fri-

day. Po [harm, or hurt. A. aga J,,,1) aneot"nce,

1.)1 ilii, when, ~henever; lo! A. . cw.. ;rL111 1,)1 itt,? tana ziba'u

~8u'in, when the nature is a nature of evil ie evil eature)o A.

alar, khe sutt of ttG Greeh (or months, corresponding to March 0.8.

alur, Gr aI'"'' the illeth m,mth Persian calendar, correspondieg to Dttftttm-

J')I alall, vilest, basest. A. [ber. iln, Ie"ee, peeillissioe knowledge.

1.11'11, the ear. A. ala 1,)\; A. ~.)\ alan, (ace.) injury, &c.; contumely. A. i~1 aliy,~t, vexatioe, molt,et;"tion, herm, hOlot, A.

brIny,: (imk'o I:J.).JJ' P. ) ar, = JI agar, q. v. P. .)~{) :;::;;t} tentio:;s::;;~g; d;~~~:~.~: ill ~oo,~T aeii,~tan, to adorn, fit out; prepare,

Jir~ay, in onder. Po .&:..o~T iirtiBta, adorned, &c. P.

;r ara"", oest, ; e",~", comdett. P. lp. ~J r~T iirii;m gmftan, to take rest, to repose. Jl,d,~1 aramil(pl. of J..) armal), widows; needy,

destitute (per53oes). [still or P. I:JJ.,:.o~T liriimidan, to rest, or repose, to become

o53o~~{Wa.oo,oo rn (impoof~;rl i.?~1 lirayiBh, ornament, pl'epar"ti'm. P.

~~) arbab (pI. of Y..I rabb) , lords, masters, otosseq",o"s. Ao

the second month of the Persian calendar, corresponding to April. P.

aro"k, (pL ~)) supplies Pood or sustenance; possessions, riches. A.

arzii"Y; diishtgt2, to betttow; to fik P.

J)} arzu, wish, desire, longing, eagerness. P. u'~")) a,og'idan, te wog'h; tu 2teit. po ~) arzhang, the gallery, or drawing-book, of

the prider Mani. P. e:f5:J) or ~northy the

of the painter Mani. P. [(generally). P. nJiilltt of a rttrlain rlttve; 2tla ve

uD) ar~. earth, soil, land. A . uDo~1 (Il arz, the earth. A.

J Jh ",,~ihi, HiES oorth. uD) ir~a, be thou pleased, or satisfied; (imp.

of tho oerb ,'a~iyo II A. r raja' 0) A. ~) irj,', raist, exrlt thou, (imp. r!J ~~ES J ~t'i\ ~t.)~' 10a 'rja' darajata'l

ouliy" 'if,i 10a ,'Yolatihi, gnd the vm ks of his ministers and governors. A.

ar7ciJ,g (pI. J; prod"o A. ~JJ.) I:J~I ar7cii,2i daul,tt, (lit. pillars the

sta~), nobles, ministers. A.P. aratt?, will, woulh, or mf'd brind

of I:J').JJT avardan). P. ,o'~' ..IT avw,ftWn ~C( q. v. :~} aramida, rested; of s;ttled i

~\ arra, a saw. P. aN, thou

iiz, desire, avarice, greed. P. from, qmoed, fif, witt, by,

P.

moderated, [I:J~})' P.

of

b"hund, Wf'Yof, fo" khe S~Pq of;

. .;.... ';'~} arbabi ma'na, spiritual persons. A.P. . "" - to WIt. P.

slioh RS,

yh arbabi high~qfin,ded t er- azad, f~ee. (liberlt, P. son;' oh noble aspira'ions; liberal per-, 1:JJ.!,.)]jI iizad shudan, to be free, to be set at sons A P [revenue (in kind). A. (" r

. .. ille,.)' .,)~ Shead 7cardan, to lIet free, to release, ;r\' pi , e~litatioe, liberako P. ~) arjmand, rare, worthy, dear; noble, I:J~~T azad~an (pI. of .)~T azada), those who

'''UUU'''m distieguishmt P. [lolieo A. lire fr"f' grom ,,zo,zldly P. &.J' most dfbbby, fiacoid, or J.)t1 zii,fagi, freedom.

~~~ ~.).\ ardshir babakan, the first king of -, -I :~- fr d ti ~- ., I.); az_, ee ; ree P. khe 4th, or " dynar~h qof h'o"Etia, }j\ azii"o ann~d"-ce, m ~lest;,,-o ~n, so~-n:w, He was the Bon of a s"epherd, w -0 marned ~ ~ grief trouble smart soreness hurt ; (as the daughter of one ~bak. His reign was latte~ par~ of a co~pound) injur~r, mo-fb,teml,grary tha" Commoduso lester l"'Junnd, (aod- 18, 1" JJo,ch ~ I./l) '/Irtle bihiiht, (lit. like Paradise), cases, the root of the verb I:J,).J~T azardan). P.

l

( 5 )

~,;~T ~6rian, to .annoy, molest, vex, grieve, afBict. P.

\:IT;\ tIZ an, on that account, for that reason, thence, hence. P.

I.J"t \:IT;\ az tin PM, after that. P. f;\ az /inja, from that position, on account

of that high position; since, inasmuch, for-ftsmuch. P. ~\;' tIZ mja, from this place, with reference

to this position; hence. P. "J!;llIiI bar, by heart, by rote. P. \:I.)i!Ji. ..I.)' tIZ bM kAV1.imtlan, to repeat by

rote. P. [the sake (of). P. ~'.J.;\ tlZ bara", on account (of), because, for

.Jt! j' az bahr, for the sak

( 6 ) J..I .footl aBtagJqlru, I ask pardon, (imperl. 10th l:lol:.T iUAiimitltm, to sip, to drink. P.

form of the verb fo). A- .lAl:.1 tuAtiAitlu, I behold j (imperl; of the 8rd ~'.footl ~ 'lltiluJ, I implore the for- form of the verb ",..:.). A-

giveneB8 of God. A- JsJ"1 Col'" .lAl:.1 tuMAida fIUJfI AfDfI, I behold el.footl fIIItagJqlruktl, I ask thy forgiveness, I him whom I love. A-

ask pardon ofthee. A. j,.,:" "MaMa, he or it waxed strong j (8th form .. ~\ Neaglfllr, ask forgiveness j (imp. 10th of the verb J.!, Bhtulda). A .

form of.fo). A. I~\... j,.,:" uAtarJda Bti'idaAu, (and when) his J~I "ti{rbtil, going, or advancing to meet (a arm waxed strong. A.

friend or a guest, &C.), greeting. A. .;0:.1 tuAtur, camel. P. [camel-rider. P .J'.i::...l ,,"~ar, confirmation, settlement, firm- ' .... .::.1 tuAtur-Buwar mounted on a camel a ,-- [. eli fa ) J~., , , ~BS "': _,' mg ~ BC?Ve~ ct.~. '~I uAtiU, appetite, desire. A-,\.i:...1 .. ti~~ ,mquuy, or mvestigation~ de8U'- ~I "AtaAt), he desired, or longed for j (8th ..J!.r-' tutuwar, ~m, strong; BOund, valid, un- form of the verb ~). A-

BDBWr _ e~ble j Just, true. P. ~..J ~I \.. ~J! I:1=! .:J'6 Col'" man ktiM baina ~ iiBtifI, sleeve. P. !ladaiAi ma 'Blta"lUt f"Ulahun, he who has U"\;!;;.,.I ,,"'ntiB, familiarity, intimacy. A. before him the fresh ripe dates for which

..J!J..1 mar, hiding, concealing; doing any thing he longed. A. [worst. A-in private. A. ""I tlBAarr, more, or most wicked, worse or

\1);-1 mtiri, my secret acta. A. !J';" "kmbi, drink ye j (imp. of the verb y;' -.;.lJ..1 Nriif, extravagance, prodigality. A. Bluwiha). A-cl!"" fill' a, I wll! strive, endeavour, labo~~, ex- .JI.!.I fill'" ar, (pI. of p BAi'r), poems. A-

ert myself; (Imperl.of the verb clr'" Btl a). A. ~T iUAuftan, to be disturbed, or confounded ; ~ ~I fill 'a lakum, I will exert myself (work to become dark and confuaed," (p.119). P.

hard) for you. A. ~T tiBkrifei, thou art distracted,orconfuaed ~I iBka1Ular, .Alexander (the Great). A. (p.104.) P. [wretches, miscreants. A-... ~I "lctmdariya, .Alexandria. A-. .~I tlBk~a', (pI. of :,;:. .M~), thieves;

I"LI "lam, the true faith, Islam, lalamism. A- ~\(:'T tiBAkara, evident, apparent, manifest, _, Mm, name: ...... 1 Mmuku, His name. A. public, known, revealed. P. I:l,-T iiBmtin, heaven. P. I.:..:.T tiB"W, (pI. I:lltlo.:.T tiBlWiyiin), friend, ac-J'-T tiBmiini, heavenly. P. ~~t~ce. P.

~I uma', more, or most pleasing to the ear, y."...l tlBMW, terror, COnfuBlOn, tumult, uproar. P. or worthy of being heard. A. } y.,.:.1 tiBAiihtar, more confounding, or per-

1:l.).J"" tiBikltm, to rest, repose, to be tranquil; plexing. p. to be refreshed. 1'. [ease. P. c)~T tiBA!liin, nest. P

",.,1 tiBiida, at rest, contented, still, quiet, at yts-I ",[lab, (pI. of ~t... ,a(uo), masters, .Ju.J"'T tiBUtlatar, easier, more easily. P. o~ers, posseBBors; companions, the com-L...T - - ill pantons of Muhammad. A.

aB!Ja, m . P. . " ! (" '~I 7_"1. h . . ," t , r - -' ~ - I . ill t ......it' &..tIS"" as~ ~a1f, t e COmpantODB of the I:l ~Lf'='" aByay.garafm,revo nngm s one.p. ;' . . .? i ..-, - - ill to cave, (the seven Chnstiana who are S81d to ~ """ aB!Ja-Bang, m s ne. P. ha tak f . Ep

- -_ _ . .~ ve en re uge m a cave near hesus, ~ 1 ~, ~l1sfortune, ~uble, lDJury. P. in the reign of the Emperor Decius,A..]), 253, .r-"I fIIIU', pnsoner, captive. P. and to have slept on till the reign ofTheo-

~I fIIIiri, captivity. P. dosius, A.D. 408). A.P. - [A-P . . . . arire, a (or, a certain) prisoner. P. I i"akl!ar, the ancient name of Persepolis. ~I fIIIk, him, her, it; of, orto.him, her, or it. P. (' till, root, origin, essence; lineage, race. A.

o)~1 iikii.rat, sign, intimation, hint, aignifica- I ",lan, (ace. of ",1, uaed adverbially), not at tion. A- all, by no means. A..

J..I ( 7 ) JI c.LI ;,la?&, ame~ding,. correcting, shewing 61.l&1 a'da' (pt of;~ 'aduww), enemi43s.

bdnK5k4s; go0443nes43. A. .J1.l& I ii'da4iki, (upon) his foes. A. ~I i,nCli', du thou; (inlp. tb43 ve43b t-). J43.C1 m043443, 043 m043!; ~I .I ~I l.. ~r:-I i,na' hi ma antalaku Js;.l&1 ij'da4 m043?; hm3ti1e~ A.

agluk4&, d'Jul Tgnu with ilie 43S befits Thee ~ I!l;.l& J5.l&1 a'da 'ailuwwilca na!mlca, thy (Le. f043givefless) . .A. m043!; dee:dlg :foe (is) T4bine own Bolli. o~1 a,wat,(pL of 0..,... ,aut) voices, sounds.A. ij'rijbiy, nn.! 43ab tbe deJert4 A..

~~~ ~~if'a;& ~ ad~:t~on, adjunct, augmenta- ~~I f,"ra~, turning away tbe face, disre~d .. 1..01 'flY 44 .3 4,0". A. ing, refili3a1. land hell. A.

~".; ..;1..01 4qfa namiidan, to increase, to add. '=="!rl a'r4Er, tEie bmmd'4l'J' bet"4J43en part.llise JF'1 see J.:F 'id . .A. [A.P. .\.$1 a'fti, (pl. of ~ '~w), limbs, members. A. J..;144fallu, 10Sil of thK' ve,P Ibml be,towLng.

zalla) 4 .A. r\~1 greutesd (043 . __ .4-. " .A. ~> ~I afallu lari~an, I lose tbe way. A. d~1 a'lam, (pI. of ~ 'alam), banners, stan. Ju..l alal44, h43 le4&gth43lled; (optatl44ely) m43Y , da,ds. . [flouncing. A.

He k4&gth43n, (4th f

( 8 ) ~\;T 4fo1!, (pI. of ~I 'Ufl.), horizons, quarters /;"';1 aj1l4'u, I might get, obtain, or gain; (imper.

of the world. A. of the verb )\;foza, for jj). A. \;I ajanin, (pl. of I:Ibl afniin, which is itself ~ jjl afo" bi munyan, (that) I might

the pI. of ~ jarm), numerous branches, obtain my wish. A. branches on branches. A. Y.Jlil a~iirib, (pl. of ~,) ~arib), those near

}:J.:. ~ \;I aflnin'U 'alaikiij'Ulniirun, (and) and dear, kinsmen, relations. A.. endiess branches, on which (are) pome- r:'lil a~iilim, (pI. of ileUm), climes, regions. A. granate-llowers. A. J~I i~biil, advancement, good fortune, pros-~T iijat, calamity, disaster. A. perity. A. y\:;1 qftiib, the sun. p. y~1 i~biilakumii, the good fortune of both I:I~.)\:;I 'Uftaclagiin, (pI. of I.)\;;I iitJo), the of them; (ace. governed by the preceding

falleY, the lowly, the unfortunate. p. verb rbl adiima). A. I:I.)\:;I uj'tiitJon, to fall, drop, alight; to befall, ~~I i/#idii, taking as an example. A..

happen, occur, chance; to be cast (90). p. 1:I~1.l.:i1 i~itlii kartlan, to follow the example I.)\;;I iitJo, fallen, dropped; lying still or (of anyone), to imitate. A. p. cJ\:;1 'Uftiin, falling. p. [idle, at resi. p. \"I.lil i~tliim, coming forward, advancing; atten-

I. . 1"1 1%- 7.'" - O't fall' d tion, effort, diligence, promptitude. A. cJ~ .J 1:I""'f/uan 0 I/;lIeZan, 1. lUg an . 1 -I '1ctlMn -rising), going along with difficulty. p. ~."., r,)i s. namiMlan, to advance, ap-.\ proach. A. p

\iJ:' iftikl1iir, glory, boast. A. 1 -I 'k - ~. 1m I d ., . _ .J~ '. rar, conleSSlOn, ac ow e gment; 8Bser-~!Jtl afrakl!tan, to raIse, exalt, lift up. p. tion; acquiescence; favourable leaning. A..

~!il qfroli/!tan, to set on :fire; to kindle, or y.JI a~,.ab, nearer, nearest. A. light (a fire). p. Jil a~allu, smallest, least. A. ~~I iijritltm, to create. p. -' u-i..)~1 J~ j;1 a~allu jibali 'I arp liirun, I:J..jl ijfirin, applause, acclamation, benediction; . the leut of the mountains of the earth is

(root of iifr'idan, used as latter part of com- Sinai. A. pounds), creator, creating. p.

cJ',iT cJ\.r-:-jakiin-4fi1in, creator oftha world. p. J4ir. qfriniak, creation. p. cJ.)JiiI ajzUdan, to increase. p. ~L.;I afaiina, charm; fiction, tale. p. ~.ril qf'lUrtlan, to wither, 1lag. p. [less. p. '.).ri~ ojBurtlo, spiritless, dull, apathetic, life-.\.:;1 iftkii, divulging, exposure. A. cJJ.j\.!.i1 afakiintlan, to scatter, shake, drop. p. JMI tiflal, most excellent, choicest. A. .J JMI aftaUar, better, more excellent. p.

1:I~\lui iJ'tiir kartlon, to break a fast. A.p. ~.I Iff' a, viper. A.. 1:I\ai\ aj!IA.ii", wailing, lamentation; alas! p. ~ if/can, (ace. of elil if/c), a lie. A.. 1:I&i afgandan, to throw or cast, throw down,

upset; to fall, to be lying; to strike, hit. P ~I afgantlo, thrown, or C8Bt down' fallen

~I i~lim, one of the seven divisions of the habitable earth, clime, country, region. A.. ~I i~lime, one division (out of the seven) of

the earth, one whole clime, or tract. A. p. ~'-! ~I J' ~ i~lime ba i~lime, from clime

to clime, from one country to another. p. .\Sf akiibir, (pI. of.fi akbar), the great, the

rich, nobles. A.. . 1 akbar, greater, greatest; severer. A. ~ ikttUabta, thou hast ~ined or earned;

(8th form of the verb ~ktUaba). A.. ~ I~ l. mii la 'kttUabta, what hast thou

gainedP A. rJ}\ ikram, reapect, honour, observance. A.. ~ a1cmal, most perfect. A.. -:fi akun, I am, I became, I may be; (impert.

jussive of 1:1"( leana, for t:Ji). A.. ~I akniin, now, just now, at present. P.

~'{\ iigiiki, information, intimation, notice. P. laid ' ,

,placed. P. \ agar, if; although. p. U"~I iftiil, poverty, destitution, beggary. A.. ~ agM'Cki, although. p. I!JI ajwiik, (pI. of -.,;fok), mouths, rumour. A'!I:I.cl'f iigantlon, to fill,stuft'; (perf. part . .cll).p.

( 9 ) ~I ~ .~ aganiJa-pM', stuffed with feathers. P. U"WI almiU, diamond. A..

~ ii$ahi = "rt, q. v. P. \:IY' (ilfDan (pl. of ~ ltJun), colours j sorts, JT ai, family, race, descendants. A.. varieties (of good things of this life). A..

~j'~ JT alii tla'UtltJ, 0 family of David I (the e~1 aZ fD~, farewell! adieu! A.. acc. alii being used for the vocative). A. \:I~ aliitltlfl, to cover, besmear, stain, soil,

.rr, fDa alihi, and (on) his family. A.. pollute, steep; (perf. part . ~'). P. JI aZ, the, (the Arabic article, always prefixed .ii)1 aZWtlnd, name of a high mountain in Ha-

to the noun). A.. [a carel A.. madan, eighty leagues from Isfahan. P. ~I alii, now, now then, surely! beware I have AlJI alwiyat (PL of #'" liwa), banners, stan-11 alla (for ';I \:II tI1I la), that not. A. d~ds. ~ . ., .. [of victory. A..

~ 11 alla ttJ'butlU, that ye worship not. A.. ~~ ~J4 bi alwl!latz mItIfN, WIth the banners ,,-, 'Z7= (li " .1' la) if not save except JI slah, God. A.. 'Ht or"\:Im, , , " .. dd" but what. A.. ~I ilaAi, pertammg to Go, IYme. A.. P. \; ';II ala tli, beware that. A.. P. ~I ila, to, towards, up to, at. A.. yWI allJalJ (pI. of ~ , lubb), minds, souls. A. 1,;1'" J)' ila man, towards him who. A.

~T tilat, instrument, tool; organ (~~ gene- jl ilaiya, to me. A. ration). A. [quest, petition. A. eJ,JI illliMa, to thee, towards thee. A. ~, il~li,. ~~ing for refuge; entreaty: ~ r

ee' ( 10 ) 1:It...1 im' tin, ad"ancing far into, penetrating. A. I"lil emiim, mankind, men. A. > 1:It...1 im' ani fIlI&IW. directing of vision, l:lliT anan (pI. of I:IT tin), they, those. P.

~zing, careful glance, mature conllidera- ~liT tintinTt;;, they who. P. tion. A.P. )~I ambar.granary, garner, lltack, magazine. P. ~~I imTetin, pOllllibility, power. !. \.:il ambib, partner (in trade). P.

~I amla 'u, I fill, Iwould fill: (seeJlPI agallu). A. I./;~I ambibi, partnership. P. . [verb ~). A. #LI imU, fiUingup. A.. [sionll. A. eJ\.:i1 ambaka,heinformedthee; (4th form of the eJ:Il.l amlaTe (pI. of.u. mulTe), goods, posses- atl\.:il ~ fa man ambaTea, who then informed 1"""' umam (pI. of ':1 ummat), peoples, nations, thee P A.. [wallet. P.

sects. A.. I:I~I amblin, dressed IIheep-skinll, leather; ~T amin, protect thou, render thou secure; ~I ambata, he eaused to bring forth, or . (imp. of ~T amana,4th form of the verb grow, or vegetate; (4th form, of the verb

~I amina). [country. A. ~ lIabata). A. I~ ~T iimin balatlalu, give security to his .\ill ~I ambatal~fI 'lla1u, God caused them ~t,.1 amtIJiij (pI. of r:r rna",,), waves. A. to grow or Bpnng np .. A. [pleasantry. A. Jt,.1 amtIJal (pl. of JI.. mal), property, effects, 1o~1 imbiBal, gladnen, recreation, mirth,

monies. A... ~I ambol, concourse, crowd. P. ~."..T iimokl!tan, to learn; to teach. P. ~ I:IT tin bil, that (is) better. P.

j."..1 ~iif' (pI. of ~I amr),. a1rairs, matters, #~I ambiya (pI. of ~ fllJbiU), prophets. A.. thmgs. A.. ~I anta, thou. A.. ~T iimekJJ.tan, to mix. P. . ~I intaBabta, thou art related; (8th form J.:al umea or ummed, hope, expectation. P. of the verb y-i fUIIaba). A.. ..J~~I.umedtIJtir,hopeful,expectant,candidate. P. ~I ~ bi mani 'nttllabta, to whom art thou

I./.>~J.:al umetlUJtiri, hopefulness; thou art related P A.. [expectation. A.. hopeful, thou hopest. P. .;Ili:il inti1.tir, expecting, watching for,awa,itingj

..r-el ami,., commander. chief, leader. governor, I r\i;il inti[ciim, taking revenge. vengeance, re-noble. lerd, prince. A.. [A.P. taJiation. A.. [ance. take revenge. A.P .

.r-f r-' amm kabif'. great lord, mighty prince. ..:1~ I"li:il inti[cam kaBIUlan, to exact venge-I,).!.u:-' ami,. lliUla. prince's son, prince. A.1'. ~I anja. that place, there. P.

,r.-T ilmell (imp. of amekJJ.tan used as the latter I"~I anjiiAn, end, close; issue, conseqnence. P. part of compounds), mixing, mixed. P. ~~I emjiimitJan,to finish,terminate,result. P.

I:IT tin, that, he. P. ~I anjuman,company,assembly; banquet.P. 1:11 an (indecl. particle), that. A.. J.*I injil, the Gospel. A.. in, if. A.. I:II.:..t-T tincnunan, such as that, in that manner

. h ' r 1:11 in lam, if not. A.. m suc a way. P. 6 J::i"~T ancnuntinki, exactly u, even as. P. I:)' I r 1:11 in lam IITeun, if I may not be. A. ~T Mlcli, that which, whatever. P. ~I anna, that. A.. I _ ~ Joi a7IG, they are. P. inna, verily, truly, (followed by the ace. ~IJj."I anaakJJ.tan, to throw, cast, hurl shoot.,

of nouns and the imper subjunctive of ., reJect; to cast uide; to degrade, abase

iiI ana, I. A.. [verbs). A. (p. 101); to lay down (p. 135). P. .. ~, ~&Be, ves~l. A.. ~'Joil tI~, quantity, measure, due prop or-

~lil .Mbat, turnmg to God, repentance .A.. tion, just measure. P. )lil antira, he illuminated; (4th form of the I"'Joi' andam, body; limb. P.

verb j~ ntira for jj); may He illumine! .;J.il MUla,., within, in, on, amidst; belly. P. (optatlvely). A.. 'Uil

JJI ( 11 ) IOI'.JJJI tmtlMiff, in it, into it, therein. p. .'61r iff9al (pronounced fm9aA), that time, r;Jl1 tmiltIrtJm, I am in. P. [heart, belly. P. then, there. p.

~,;Jl1 tMtlcwii.n, inner part, inside, interior; .(.~I iMf9iil Tri, at the time that, when. p. cJ'.,)JJI tmtiarifl (for I ;Jl1), in this. P. ~i fIn9U'''t, finger. P. elJJI MlIlaM, little, few; trUling. P. I;)~ J:i ~ an9U1ikt;, flil ka,litJan, to ~I Qndale~, a little, very little. P. make a blue finger-mark on a thing, as

~.JJJI tmtloMAtan, to acquire, gain, gather up, indicative of its loss or abandonment: (see collect, amass, hoard. P. J:i fIil). P. ~JJI Mlaul or IIndo", grief, sadness, trouble. P. ~ Ml9UBAtari, finger-ring. P JJI lltululz = ~JJI. P. . JI:':'r' .A-el~JJI Mulei"fliilc, fearCul, anxious, in fear. P. .wI MIfIM = .INI iifl9ii". P

.J ell.:..:.tJJI Mltle8"flalctiir, more afraid. P. ~ angBldltan, to raise, excite; (the perf. rJ elI.:..:.tJJI antle8halctarMll, I am more appre- part is ~LJ.t )

hensive. P. - II1I9Btw; II P. ~JJI tmtle8"a, thought, consideration, reflec- fi Ml9- (imp. of ~ Ml9~kh.tan, used as tion; doubt, anxiety, fear, concern, care. P. latter part of compounds), exciting, stir-~JJI antle,lzitltm, to think, consider, reflect; ring up. A..

to feel concern, or alarm, or anxiety. P. r' 1;)1 in lam, if not. A.. uoJl WI', sociableness, familiarity; habit. A.. 1"'.,1 iinam, I am he, I am that. P. I;)WI wan, man. A.. WI inflMlla, only. A.. I:lWYI al wiff, the man, man. A.. )~, anwiir (pI. ofJ ; flur),lights,splendours. A ..::.....i! mum, 1& that. P. &1 ?"wii' (pI. of E! fIlIU'), kinds, lION, ~\ iifuJ8tB, that would be. P. [God. A. vanous kinds. A. 4111 ,\.:, cJ' in ikifa 'lUl, if God will, if it please 1i},,;1 b"ari, name of' a celebrated Persian I..il,.jl m,q/, justice. A.. poet, who died A.D. 1200. P.

"i, innaAu, verily he, or it. A. r\ai\ in' tim,benefaction,gift, gratuity,favour. A.. yourselves. A. [yourselves. A.. J' inni~ verily I. A. [(myself). A.. ~I lIf1fUBaleUlln (ace.), your own souls, ~ J: inni 1~!~, veril! I conceal elil Mlf/alea, that thou. A. ~, MlU, companion, mtlmate mend. A.. innalea, verily thou (art). A.. J' au, or. A.

~~ C)!I el1, innalea ibnu !i'bin, verily thou JI u. or. 0, h~, him; she, ~er; it. P. [A.. art a wolf's whelp. A. [asked. A. ;~I tIW/IZ, VOIce, sound,no18e, cry, shout; report.

J;"" eUl innalea f'IIIU'u1un, verily thou wilt be ~~T iiww, rumour, report, news. P. J~' inlciir, denial; objection; disapproval, I;)~I iiwiin (pI. of 1;)1 lin), times, seasons. A..

dislike. A.. ~L.,I rsubii',. (pl. of ~" toOOtII"), dissolute fi MIle",., most disagreeable or offensive. A. fellows, rabble, mob. A.. ~!"-Y'fi' ~I iftf2a anle",.a '1 a,wiiti, verily the V' auj, top, summit. A..

most disagreeable of voices. A.. .~I Quligii (pI. of J, waliy) , assistants, princes, ~T anlca8, that person. P. ministers, governors. A. ~T iinlci, he who, him who; that which. P. ~.,,' auliya'i"i, his ministers or nobles. A. I;)J.I::I~' angiiridan,to compute, reckon, suppose, ~J' orii, him or her; to him, or her. P.

deem. P. . ,)~J' aurad (pI. of ~J wirtl), portions of the Ku-~~, angiiiktan = 1;)J.!.J~I. riD, recited at different hours; devotions. A..

( 12 ) "'~JI a1Wa~ (pI. of J)J fDara(c) ,leaves, pages. A.I JI..A' ,Amtil, negligence, carelessness, inatten-\:J~J' tifJardan, to bring, adduce; to relate or tion, passing unnoticed, overlooking. A.

report; to bear or endure; to beget. P. ~I tihan, iron. P. w:-JI iUt, he is; is of him, is his. P. ;G.I tihallg, design, intention, preparation, "\:...JI ii.Bttid = ,,\':";I "'ttid; q. v. P. readiness; note, voice; pitch, tune (of a .....;L..J l aUflif (pI. of """""J fDasf) , qualities, musical instrument). P.

praises. A. , r..t-I tiAani, made of iron, iron. P. ~l:i,1 ufttiJan = c.;I"l:il "'fttUlan. P. . tikane, a piece of iron. P. ~\iJI au(clit (pI. of ..::.iJ f.Da(ct), times, hours. A. ~ tikanin, made of iron. P. [gripped. P. - " , J,I awwal, firSt, beginning; former, at first. A. J~ ~I liAanm-ckanglil,iron-clawed, strong-~I aula, nearer, worthier, fitter. A. u=.~" ~I tikanill-d08A, iron-beamed (balance);

yV~1 J,I ",Ii '1 albab, (gen. and ace. of )JI l1'On-shouldered; strong, sturdy. P. I YV~' ulu 'Z albOO), the wise or prudent. A .JIb1 tiM, ,deer, stag, buck. P. [hawa). A.

,rbl aullitar, better, more fit, suitable. proper ~I akwa, I love; (imperf. of the verb ~ or convenient. A. P. I~I ahwtih;", I love him. A.

eUJJI ula'ika, they, those. A. [former. A. t./I lihe, one sigh. P. cr-I;, awwalin (gen. pI. of ~1 aww(1), first, III ai, 0 I P. [verses olthe Kuran. A.

~.,,1 liwelmtan, to hang, suspend, catch hold ..::..~I lilltit (pI. of ~I tiyat), signs, miracles, t}J' u'i, of it thou art. P. [of, cling to. P. II"~' aytidi (pl. of II~I aidi, which again is IT tik, oh! ah I alas I a sigh. P. . the pI. of.l! yad) , hands ; benefits, favours. A.

~I tihutagi, ~owness, gentleness, lowness, 'j~~ I~Ii~ name of a favourite of Sultan Ma1;t-softness of VOlce. P. I r~1 a"!lam (pl. of r.J!yaum), day. A. [miid. A.

..:..a1 tikuta, slowly, softly, gently. P. I' ~I til/at, } . . _ . 1 tihak, lime, plaster, mortar, cement. P. ~I tiyat, ve~e of the Kuran, miracle, .:;jj ~I tihalci tajta, .quick-lime. P. II.!I tiya, ,SIgn. A. J'" akl, people, famIly j worthy. A. [A.P. I"~I aittim (pI. of ~ yatim), orphans. A. y,,1 ;Jal aMi adtih, the courteous; the learned . .)~I itir (for ..JWI i'tir), offering; preference; c.J:.i$ Ja' aMi ta{l(ci(c, philosophers, doctors. A.P. bestowing of benefits, charity. A. [tion. A. ~ Ja' akU khirad, wise persons, the wise. A.P. ;1,;1 ijin, abridging, abbreviating; . abbrevis-' J" Jal ahli dil, the pious, prudent, or wise. A.P. ~, tl!Jyada, May (God) aid or strengthen; cr-"j Jal aMi zamin, the people of, or dwellers (perf. 2nd form of,,1 tUla, for .l!1, used opta-

on, the earth. A.P. [discerning. A.P. tivel~) .. A. [him. A. ~\;.!, Jal aMi 8Aintilmt, the intelligent or JPJI 1.l!1 allyadaA", 'Z maula, May the Lord aid \a... Jal ahli ,qfo, the pure or devout. A.P. ~I izid or ezid, God. P. J'J.. Jal ahli lari~, devotees. A.P. ~~1 iBttidan, to. stand, to be standing, to

~ Jal ahli tam', greedy, avaricious, or stop~ s~y, remam. P covetous persons. A.P. ..)~I UJtada, stood, standing. P.

JM Jal ohli f"ll, men of learning or excel- c.;I~1 88kiin, they, them, these. P. * lence; virtuous persons. A.P. [come I A. ~'ai~an, also, likewise;' the same. A. ~I aklan (ace. of Ja'), friendly people; wel- ~1 em, we are, we have. 'P. \,....,. J ~.J 5l.., oMan fDa .aklan 1.00 mar~an, I,;,JI..!I man (for c.;Il.JI i'mtin), faith, belief. A.

(thou art come, 0 guest) to a friendly ..jJ o'imma (pI. of 1"1..1 imam), leaders i~ re-people, and to a smooth ( comfortable) ligion, exemplars; high~priests. A. place, and to a roomy (convenient) place I A. .. .... 1 aimon safe secure' void of care un-

,,-, 1'_.1' ~-."" .... Offvu,ffU, worthy of It. A. , concerned, unapprehensive. P

.1..~ hi aklim, deserving of it. A. [city. A.I ~I in, this, these. P. ~1 ahliyat, worthiness, fitness; ability, capa-! c.;I41 mtill (PI of ~I in), these. A.

( 18 ) ." ,).

I.I.I, ., th' 1 h ~ mJa, 18 place, ere. 1'. ~1 inak, behold! 10 I 1'.

~r a!Jina, glaas, mirror. 1'. 1!I!"z.1 aiwan or iwan, hall, court, palace, gallery,

vestibule, portico. 1'. ~I a'in, law, canon, rule. 1'. 41 a'ina, mirror, looking-glass. 1'. )~.:..JI a'ina-dcir, mirror-holder (an attendant

on the great in the East.) 1'. '1)~~1 a'ina-tlcin, the office of mirror-holder.l'.

I)~ Mra, wall, battlements. p. \a,)~ Mrka (pl. of .J~ Mr), times, many times,

~ often, repeatedly. 1'. . '1)~ MN, Creator. A.. JJI..:,::./~ Mn ta'ala, God the Creator, God. A..

~)~ Mre, one load or burden j a tum or time j once upon a time, once j at least, at all events, at any rate. 1'. ~ '1)~ Mre ekand, several times. 1'.

I;),).)::'/~ hciridan, to rain, to fall in showers. 1'. \!lJ::./~ MNk, fine, thin. 1'. )4 Mz, back, back again j on the other hand;

afterwards; thrown back, wide open, open j y ha, to, at, with, by, in, tor, nccol'ding to. 1'. a falcon. 1'. y 1Ji or hu, a pleonastic particle prefixed to .J~4 Mzar, market, mart, market-place, street

certain tenses of Persian verbs. 1'. of shops only; source of supply. 1'. y bi, by, with, to. A.. \a.J~4 MzarAa (pl. of.J~4 htniifo), marts, market-4 M, with, along with j to; possessed of; places; whole marts. 1'. [market-places. 1'.

notwithstanding; in spite of. 1'. [that. 1'. '1)~4 htnciri, of, pertaining to, or infesting ..f 1;)\ ~ M an ki, that withal, notwithstanding I/.J~~ vt:,.,agi hiizari, market or street curs. 1'. y4 hah, door, chapter. A.. [ance. A.. cJoMT)4 htn timatian, to come back, to return; iJ.,:I1 y4 Mbu 't talihati, the door of repent- . to come in front. 1'. [back. 1'. ~ 4 M kJJ.a'har, informed, intelligent. 1'.A.. I ~.JJT)4 Mz a.,,~dan, to bring back; to keep

~~ MllMan, to play, sport, trifle j to lose at ~.J!j4 htn hilan, to be open. 1'. A ha aWr, to an end. 1'.A.. [play. 1'. ~)4 btn Pal, restitution. 1'. [restore. p. ~~ 4 M kl!ui"imat, with roughness. 1'.A.. ~1.) ~)4 btn pili rlatlan, to give back, to .)4 Mrl, wind, breeze; pride, conceit, arro- 1;),).):J-;4 Mz 1d!t;wirlan, to buy back, to redeem

gancej (optative of I;)~ lnUlan) may it bel 1'. or ransom. 1'. Ullse ~4 hoof, muWlif, adverse wind. 1'.A.. l!I~b )4 htn rJadan, to give back, restore. 1'. rb4 harJiim, almond. 1'. [steed. 1'. ~':.\.))4 hSz t!ci8lltan, to keep back, withhold, ~~~ harJpa (lit. wind footed) ... swift or fleet restrain, detain. 1'.

~~4 Ml-pci'e, a fleet horse. 1'. 11!I'6j)4 Mzargan, trader, merchant. 1' \!.~~ MrlBhak, king. 1'. ..;'(;.;4 htnargcine, a merchant, or a certain

~~4 harJ-gitrrl, whirlwind. 1'. merchant. 1'. '1~4 barle, a flatus (in the bowels), a art. 1'. 1!I~)4 Mz zadan, to strike again, to hold A!~4 Mrli!JfJ, desert. -\ back;, to t~m away (78). 1'

.)4 har, load; fruit; time; admiB8ion, access. 1'. ..::-)~ htnlllt, IS open. 1'. [to draw back. 1'

.>t> .;4 Mn ld!atir, load or distress of mind. 1'. 1!I=f')4 htn kartlan, to open, unfold, unravel; %. :r ..14 bar avardan, to bear fruit. 1'. I!I~ ;~ h~ kalkitlan, to draw b~ck. 1'. ~ IJ hari DV1ar anothe d ti cr-:J)~ htn gu~III"tan, to qmt, to leave

- .J." ''?' r, or secon me. 1'. behind. 1'. [revert. 1'. I!I~~ baran, ram, shower. 1'. [then. 1'. t " b

I 2.'. 2.__ burd bearin b t f b 1!I.l!~ jlJ btn gardirlan, to turn ack, return, ;.)u uar-uttr, en- g; eas 0 ur- ,4 f .

. . , , ~ .\, btn gaBktan, to go or turn back, to re-,)b/::./4 bar-harrlar, bearer of burthens; preg- t) . t' 'thdra t t

t . C" mal ) urn, re Ire, WI w, re rea . 1'. nan or carrymg I.e e. 1'. ,~t ' I~ .J\, bcin Mula, Great God I 1'. ~I..)~I b~: gu.l!~~~toreply. ~. b h' d t I . , , " I!I~ j'! utn manUU71, remam em, 0 ag, )~)4 har-dar )~.:J~ bar-bardar. 1'. flag, shirk. 1'. [shoulder to the elbow. 1'. 1'6j~ barga", place of audience, royal court. 1' . .J)4 M~u (p1.I!Il.zi4 biizuwan), the arm from the

j~ ( 14 ) I;J~ IJj~ btizi, play, sport; pyrotechnics. P. ~~ M"g, cry, noise,. shout, clamour, -roll,

thunder; call to prayer. P. [Po ~~ biizic1uih (dim. of 1Jj~ baz.l, play, sport, ~I~ ~4 Mng b(Jf'(laildan, to call to prayer. pasti~~; triiling, frivolity. P. ~ ~4 biingi ,ub~, the morning summons to ~~J4 bazidan, to play or sport. p. c... prayer. P .

U"~ ha'., power, might; severe punishmeD.t. A. ;}..l ~4 M"gi Mmtiz, call to prayer. P. \;...4 ba'.ana (ace.), our severe punishment. A.. .;~ Mnii, bride, wife, lady. P. [playa t'une. P. J-04 MBi~, tall or full-grown palm. A.. l;J.Mr};~ ba Qwa. amtulan, to sound a note,

~4 M.A (imp. of ~.J! lnUltm), be thou, stay, ".P.~ 4 M fDffiild, with the existence, through, wait, have patience. P. notwithstanding. P.A..

.)!.4 Mikad (aor. 3 sing. of ~.J! hilda'll), ~t may ~f4 M,!,M' lca~dan Ito believe, to credit.p. be, must be, would be. P. [delUBlve. A. d-b.JJ4 baWtJf'ilBaldan

Jl..4 btilil, vain, futile, absurd, foolish, false, 4 baAw, excellent, resplendent, manifest, ~l" M tam', covetous, greedy. P.A. con~pieuous. A.. [selves. P. ~4 bti#n, interior, inward, inside, hidden. A. ~4 balom, together, alongWlth,.amongth~m-J-4 btililli, my interior. A.. ~r r-4 balusm amtulan, to ily m a paBBlOn, e. biigA, garden. P. to ~~e angry. P. _. . ~L bagJihiin, gardener. P. [is a weaver. P. .l!.4 bagtid (aor. of ~4 MgUlan), It must be;

I;J '. _ . _ he must, one ought; it is proper, necessary ~4 bqfindaBt (for ~I .~4 bqfintJIJ tJBt), or indispensable, it behoveth, is wanted. P J.:.i~ bqfintJIJ or MfantJa, weaver. P. ~~ Mgadat, is necessary for thee; dost thou. J~ b~i, remaining, left; enduring, lasting, need P must thou have P P.

perpetual, permanent. A.. ~4 biigiBti, it would be proper or necessary, e14 Mle, fear, care, solicitude; danger. P. it would suit. p. [of[ P. J4 bal, arm; wing; stature. P. ~ bihar (imp. of~..I._bur~,,),ca~thou,carry \/. "-7: b high. band. to ~ but (P1'1;J~ butan), Image, Idol. P ~ oaIM, a ove, , upper ,p,. sum- _ _ _

mifi.; height, stature. P. r.J:!di'! ~ tal&P~ for certain, of a certainty, cP) "t~ Mla girifian, to get the upper hand, certainly. P.~

gain the ascendancy; to break into ilame, .? lJatttw (for.;' .l! lnulw), worse. P. to blaze up (as fire). P. J.I.J ~ but tariiBi, carver of images or idols,

roi"t4 hi '1 imi, to or into sin. A.. scu1~tor. ~. _ [d~ thou. P .. ,. ..! '1"!-~ to be' to' ty U".? lJitar .. (Imp. of ~j tarritlan), fear or r.~ W rIJfT5, mg pious, pie. A. .... ...LoI __ :I

, _.. . J.j.? uUHM'MIU, are worse. 1'. I;Jl:..:I4 hi. Z banan, Wlth the tips of th~ fingers. A. ~ ba ja, in place, to place; towards. P

.l.J~ bi'ljwmla, on the whole, to sum up. A.. .f' IJ~ Ii tei hajt1B lei, to the extent or degree ~'4 bi ',. ra~ili, with departure. A.. that. P. ~~ baliBA, pillow, cushion. P. ~.J'~ ha ja a"araan,} to bring into ,.,...YI~~ bi '.1 ilaoJaricZ-alWari, on the t:>l""rlJ~.hajaCBQfJ(Wdan: place, to carry e4 baligA, adult. A. [green tree. A.. into effect, to perform, accomplish, dis-#lL bi 'llagAwi by impropriety or folly. A.. charge, fulfil, execute. P . *.' .. ~ "z-'" b' 'th God I;J~~ ~ haja rcuiidan, to attain to eminence, -'! W altS, y or Wl . A.. to be J.i1l

SucceSlllJ.1 P. &).,14 hi 'Z warGo among men. A. 'I' - ".'- :-.:1.- to be' 'm . ent - _ I;J.M'I;J~ OUJan _, m I mm cr-I4 balin, head (of a bed or tomb), pillow. P. peril, to be on the point of dying, to be r~ bam, terrace or fiat roof of a house. P. weary of life. P. [life P. "I.M4 bMn!ad_ _ } in the morning, at morn. 1:I~v.I;J~ baja'll pM'UJlJf't1an, to cherishas one's I;Jbl.M4 btimtlddMJ P. ~ Itt btl jli" ,.tJritlan, to be reduced to v.:.- ~ ba mtmaBi, with me (and) him. P. ~~ straits, to be on the verge or starva-

I;J~ ban, the ben-tree (aspecies of moringa). A.. tion or death. P.

,

( 15 ) ~.J CI~ 'btl jiM ,.Mtfidan, to be cut to the J:M. baDil,stingy, miserly,avaricious; miser.A.

heart, vexed to the soul. P. [towards. P.A.. ~. haldJili, = J-. huldJl. A.P. y;\,It 'btl janw, to the side, in the direction of, .l! bad; bad, wicked. P. ~ hajuz, besides, save, except. P. I~ hadii (for bada'a), it first appeared. A

.I~ 7Ji jtJmiilili, by his beauty. A. I~ 1,)1 ilii badii, when it first appears. A. ~ haeM, infant, child; young of an animal. P. ~I ~ had aldJtar, ill-starred, hapless. P . 'btl eli, by what (means) P in what (way)? ~I.l! bad aldJtar(J, an unfortunate one, an

to what (use)? P unlucky wight. P. [thou. P. ~haH.,~ves~igation,scrutiny; oontroversy, 1:11ol! 1JUJiin (imp. of ~b tlaniBtan). know

dISCUS810n, dIspute. A.. . I:)I~ hadiitJ (pI. of.l.! batl), bad personS. P. ~f ~ 'btIH. _tlmt, to discuss, dispute. A.P .... (for c;)T ~ ba an), with that; for ~ ha~, sea. A.. that purpose; to that person. P. ~ 71a JUfil"! in~ the pres~ce. P:A.. v!lJ.il . .l.! had antluA, ill.wisher, malevolent,

~ 71a ~,~at, ill truth, ill reality, really, malignant. P. [wretched. P. assuredly. P."&" ~ J,.t bad ha1UJ.t. ill- fated unfortunate f-. ha l~kmi, b! way of, by re~n of, on the ~. ~. bad hakllti, t~ou art unfortunate. P. ' authonty of, ill accordance WIth. P."&" 1:Il.:.a;.~ badaldJ.dMi, a country of Central Asia, ~T ~ htJ lukmi ii" ki, in accordance with celebrated for its rubies. P. . [vicious. P.

that which, because that, forasmuch as, for ~~ ~ bad kl!o, ill-natured, bad-tempered, the reason that, 80 that, to a degree that. P."&" )~ badr, the full moon . ..&..

o.JJJ- ~ 'btl lukmi lariirlJl, by force of )~" lea 'Zhatlri, like the full moon. A. necessity, ~orce. P."&" ~ 6a Jar, out, out of doors, without, forth. P.

&::..I.,}110 f4 btJlulemi'iiriyat, byway orIoan. P.A. I:).wT ~ ha dar iimtJdan, to come out. P. Cll.! ~ hiliZleartla", to absolve, pardon, for- cfiJ;.l! ha Jar rqfta", to go out. P.

give. P."&" uJol! hadr/Sfca, guide, escort (through a track-,. bu~iW (pI. of.J". 'btI~), seas, oceans . ..&.. less desert). P.

~ haW, fortune. P. ~ f ~ ba Jar leartlmt, to expel, banish; to 4. ~. bakllt-iar-gfl8AtIl, unfortunate. P. diSmiss (from the ~ind) ; to .~t out; to ~ huWi, a Bactrian camel (which is very take off, (98); to dispense, distribute. P.

hairy, and has two bunches). P. \i.J~ 7Ji tlarriraii, with our milk. A. J~ haklltgiir,favoured byfortun8,fortunate.p. .J~41.l! had rozgiir, unfortunate, wicked. P. J.iI': hakl!1A, share, portion, lot. P. JI5J3j ~ had :Mtlagani, bad-lived. P.

II~ ha'/dJ.Bkai, forgive thou. P. ~T ~~ ba dIJ8t cwartlan, to get h?ld or v!l~ hakl!1kayiaA, favour, forgiveness, grace, pos8e881on (of), procure, secure, gam; to

merciful-kindness. P. [ness. P. look out for. P. J~u. 'btI1IlYikii!lantlagi, liberality; forgive- ~~ ha tlfl8tMlt, into my hand. P. . ~ 71akl!1kiBA, gift, gratuity. P. JtC .l.! bad rigifl, ill-surmiser, evil-thinker; J~ OO'/dJ.IIAtmdagi, liberality. P. malignant. P. [of compact. p ..&.. I~ 'btIkl!1AiAuIa, bestower; liberal. P. 1140" ~ had 'aMi, promise-breaking, violation ~p. hakhBMMltm, to take pity, show kind- I"~j ~ had farjiim, ending bad; malignant. P.

ness. P. I.!.J~ .l! had lem, evil doing. P. . ~ 'btIlil!IAitlan, to bestow, grant, give; to ./'"1 ~ had !lauhar, of bad quality, coarse; bad

make a present; to waive; to forgive or by nature, essentially bad. P. pardon. P. III ~ ootl-go, evil-speaker, calumniator. P. ~ huW, avarice, stinginess. A.. ~.l! had !luhar, bad by nature, essentially .J*! 'btIkl!au = y!Ji! 71a k111J!.ab: see ylJD.. Jt- .l! had mjAr, unkind. P. [bad. P .I. .)Ji'i 71a k111!1.utl bar, uPOJ1 thysel p. ~ .l.! bad miMi, unkindness. P.

( 16 ) sJ'..J* iT.lt ba,lan, body" A )~ b(ub~ (for)1 b" u), k him, hefl, oe it.

,~ bidih (imp. \;,1,1') dadan), give thnu ; pr,y tllOu, [misery bed ma]],

\.,?.l.: ba,li, v i,la, ~.lt TH,d.' InaryeHnu", strange i ~ ,. , pgompt nrIg,naL '"

i \;,1:& /. r,) dati. bar jj~fS'rdan, to fetch a breath; . to brilaTihe (00 utj;ei') word. p.

\.,?~ bartlyi, fGr, fhr thG sake nf. P.]]. .I/o bar ba"o, the hrflGst, 1',

~ ~ bao b"It"t,n, to pack up, lliJ1kfl (7]]mpsrt, to close, t,e shut" 1',

I..J:.):' barbat, the Persian Ide" 1'" [1ut~nigt. LS~ .... k!j. barbat~ariEi, pegformee 0]] the lut,), 4 >' bar pa, raised, ,:;reet. 1'. J~o\ r~~.: ~~ 'I j .... aJ,~bt~: .... s:~:;tteb~:s:e;,: . thfl :,.n L ,.... . -.. ~!,) \~..,ci b"r 1'a ila:sMon, to rai,e, "et up,

establish, maintain, sustain. bmlin (for ~\ to nr in er with ~u .I. bar tttftan, to twist, wring nif; to tum

1 , in th,s?] thing:**. round; to turn away, avert. p. _,~ a~', ,'"e(:, ' b t h' h

d' barr, dry land. A. ~ .J. bar oals~, true, ju:st h: the O,A" ",1' bar-arbar (lit. breast to breast): equal, ~..J* bal7'!W, p,:,rtion, parl. p.

parallel, on a level, opposite, over against. p. ~\D. J. b"r lsJJ,lL~t, a "ising TIp. p .fiy.,;,) dar barraoar, over against. p. ~\D. J! l;a;r kt'i.,'iBt:1I, to I'iso up, uri!:-u;

,;,)~ biraiJar, brottier. 1'. to be born; to b"eak up; disoppvlU": depad; J:.1p (,)~ bi.rada~ lih1ll,!",dagi, p~ofesBion of to cease, md, 1', orotnenyaffectIOn, calimg one brother. I' iTJj~ /. bM ld!EE:a?&Ja~, to rC1litD, r{:pc,vt. \;,I~ /- ba:' iW,lUJdan, to l.o~e,up or out, ascend, zj:c:' barkAe, a little, hit, tho"t (listunco;

~~:d, ;o;~;:s;~~u~~ l~,;:~~il'~~;!;:" c~:~ one part or portion" 1', off best; to elapse, to pass by or beyod. ~ f. bar kl1ez (imp. of I:*~~ J bar "frhiirrlaG) , ~ Yo bar ameld1.tan, ~to mix, mi~glr" er ~ bard, cold" A" [rise, ari"e; up I

"commingle. p. ~ burd, a kind of striped gRl'ment" C)T.,;! bar an, on that, upon that. p. ~bJ"! bar iliiiM(J!!!, to pick up, take up, 'Z'8ica, \;,I~ J"j bar .... 8hudan, to agree to, will, hold up, take off, remove, carry off; to sus-

"wish, iotelld. p. tain, to bear. p. ~1J.21..J! ba" a"Jakll,tgn, to thl'"{)W down, throw \;,I.lJ.,I,) J! bar aaridan, to split open, rip up,

OWL:!, Iling about; to de{Dat, p. cleave asunder. p. ~~\ /. bar a1lgelihtan, to raise, stir up,

g,xcite or incite. p. Llobey. 1'. ? ..JI}OII' imwm, I am on that, I agree to "that, \;,I~JI j. bar QVwraan, to bring up, raise; to

;~:~~~li:h~:1;~J:rm, f~fifh; t!o ~l:~~e~~; bl()(l~ ~P, (a door with mud ur brioks); to aepmr, lleip on. p.

\;,I~ baraan, to bear, carry; to conduct, lead; ~o bear 00 take away, to rewove; to carry ?]if, wi,,; to support, soifer, endure; to prefer or 10:2gg, (F: cumplaiot); throw ,:WE:Y, 10:::: or 10::1::r (ooe'" d:ar,:.eter ur dignity). p. ~jD.J' bal!' rvttz'll, to go "p, diGlb" 1',

bar egr, ::n, or ot tho hez%:d, tip ur F~iot. p.

) ~ .. ~ rQ8i~Aatg::,. b:~ or ~ith aligii spFil1k- I ~F ;. (neg~ d ~T;. bar o~~ bM;I: snow. P. ~ ~ [IinF~ A.. I ii~)~ not to happen~ to fail. p. ~T -.t;. barf-db, sno~-W1Iiier; iced water. P. Iv. b~i.a (fbr.J' .J!~bar: u), onhim, her, or it. P. ~.Jift ;. {Jar f1tnl{J{Jtm (or to I . b~1tav :I Ii"I rqftII:), th:kI.

0' kllu&, to light up-. P. . IfiJ)! barU bar, upon ~him. P. . b,I: foztr{J_, j:~:~ P. I oJ/! {{urWE, mIlItacm,}s,II{{iskee:. ~L:.;;. bar jliAiinian, to press, squeeze; to I.wJ.,l' bariirnond~ fruit-beLM.ug, fruitful. p~

ra{{ i snap (thi.' &({sss). I ~ ~inl:, without, out, outsi{{e. P. bar~, lihhtning; :flash (of Ii sword). I + ({t4rfl's~~il, oP one'ht of htikis ..)!) ;. ~ar ~~~~, in (one'~? usual habit, or nor-I own $COord. P. .. .

m~ cQ:{J:stiOIl :6.r::t :hthtd. :~A. I '!.I. .bc:a os lamb. o~ 6arakiit (pl. of.sj. barakat), blessings. A.II:J~ 1nwAiin, decisive and manifest evidenceI ~ bk:!$ing. A. A. I ht~s:cbsi:e

0 : 11!!k~ or birka, basin,- tank, {{ond, cis I ~ ~..J!bar~ ba!t:,m, to clo:ht, to Ihut P. ~L::.S .(. {Jar hH{{iidOlll, to open; remove i II:J~;. r-..I. barham ~, to strike together,

to hghten. I sI:m. ~.".:.>"!. bar lcuBliidan, to open, unloose. P. II:J~ ~)! ~ dalt barlam ~, to strike the tt:sF.J! to hhtaw I he:ds I'gether, to li71:"'illg the k,anclh (in

foI1;h. P. [to strip off; pluck out. P.' grief). P. &::JJ.:S~ b1t1t ka:iitm, dig :p, tea.r:p, uproot; '~;.bara1m1l!Ji, nakedness. P. ~ baraki, m1tPe !!Ibi bartIh, . kind of I ~~ st~hhedx void. P. . ~nel .or fe~t, woven of camel:s ~, of I . bariC, clear, quit, free, innocent, C3&reless. A.

wmch ~e~I'es mak", cape ane 1tes"e a I ~ -. d '-p ~ O _." II ~le I.j;' ban diUdtan, exempt, to keep

cap so IDA e. . ~ Ihaf; T>rovi!$20nI for iour::y. I free f:>~. r;)_:'''';' bar ~aiAtan, topass'over; to pass 11:J~,birytin, :n~~' ~~iled, yarched. P.

bn:onIl; to P. I ~m l:J\,ffi biryiili ,a.eidan z.Or to . '( 6 iJul . . ........ f: I fry broil, roast parch. P. :;.;t"~2J' :.: ony :: _:! "i~~p:i:=~cu, -: ::..:~ , ~ ..i~;~, de~;e;' to t~ aside or awa; j" t~ I tCI~P~~. P. c

re~OV4:S, takt7 aWey, ehny e1f, tlIear to JI:1''y! eJn7 z.cor II-'.1 har on thiI, P. attain. p. /)9. bazzQz, draper, mercer. A. ~j .T. b,i,n guz7c,f.an, stsle,;%;. P. l ... ~p. :eme ths driri,e millisteh c;)J';/'i...J ..)1 bar yuailiinUUm, to !match, wrench, I of ~iishirawan king of ~ersia .. P. .

blciak. :. [up. p.1 ~ UUZ:eg, great, vtDeral.>le, emmen!;, grand; ,.,J.l.(;. fi~r sna:. b'>hak, tear I d1uwn IZP, d"ewn big ... : . . ~..J! . bar galAtan, to turn, ~treat, retire, 11:J~,)."buzourgan (pI. of ~ "buzurg), ancestors;

bIl'i to dighL P. ' [ui.CIide dow.!.? p.1 Ilc-c-at ilion, hhand""s, 23hIles, .::.:1;. bar galAta, upset, overturned, turned 11.).!h)! buzurg-ztida, high-born. P.

~:;;"" I ~7;:1t~:~:uld) hhar:~~o:~:~ !.Iftt;::;;;:~rret, en

( 18 ) J;y, 'buz.w9", cort>iin groat rom. P. 9. baza, sin, guilt. [hold! "nough I P. o"rJ T)(M, many; many a. ooe >ii-timn j en>iugh; !.:?) ~ bas learaan, to stvp, le"ve off. '-? ba8a, many, many a one, many a time. P. 1.l...J btl8at, expanded and even land, wide or

epacious surface of ground. A. billEt, s'arpet, anything that is spread or

out: A.

P. bt1uw, man:, mankind. A. ~~ barrM1'a, skin, out.er or surface skin; out-

side, outwlU'd appearance. A. i;A bc41u'4rigat, h;'mlUl nature, humanity. A. ~ bi'khi,'4a!! Or lYiiMUlr (imp. rf ~~ ih.i-

nidrn),.hmu, li'ktei. .. i>ir. of ,.,,'::'-:' Bkudllft),

tho" n>ry'~ 1'. [W&!lhoo. 1'. ~.,.:..: b~kiigiUl, >ie,r. of ,/&rutan), he

(imp. of' e;:..yj\;:;" Bitiin- t~ lr. $ali;:'in, by proph>it), by a [.lan, take thou. 1'. .. Just or good mWl; as virtu>iU!>.

i!JUiYtaY2-.!1,:Yr,t;.p>ila,,,e "r hOl,,,e in gar- IJ'~ bawa, Basra, a city on the Pe.:"8iWl Gulf, ue", . 1'. usually written Bussorah. A

.r: bi8t>r, b>idding, >iusMo". ~~ bi~ii'at, merchandise, or an articieof t.:f-! btUttUl, tz, shut, ; to bind, ti>i, gird merchandise; a portion of one's property

on, attacb, fix; t>i f>irID, f>i3we. 1'. which one sends for traffic; stock in trade.A. ~ J.U na'l btU/em, to fi" shoe; t>i shoe. 1'. bait, a duck. A. ~ bi-8itanti (Bor. of 1:J.llt.... .itamum), they ~,,~ hi ttL\irin (= .)'11. tiihinm), clean, pure. A.

take or accept. P. J~ b"fidl, frils>i, worthless .. A . ...:...> basta (perf. part. of ~ bUillall), tied, ..:Jt~ idl"ners, V&>'1.ity, '-i>i>ility; idle

bound.girt; shut, closed, fRstened, stopped; till, j(;eti>ig. A. locked;set,fixed,furllledj fettered,shackled.p. ~ b"lik, might, steength (in Ugh!;). Vl'&10T';' ~T -"~ '6a ,ar iimatlan, to come to a head, bev~hrm,mez;r ill I.r.sa.,ut. J.~ , . .,,' completed, to come to an end; to expi..ee; ~ bi It,l'l1,tiAi, by hie CG",mi;enzmz,e. A. to arrive at perfection, to excel. P. ~ ba.n, belly. A.

z;j.l!. #~ ba 8ar 8kutian, to come to an end, to ~~ ba#~, slow, tardy, dilatory, backward. A. be finished. P.

r:rr:;\ .,,_, ba 8ar iivaraan, to bring to an end. P. ~-.k' hi, t?hila, on account of their sweet-r.:J'A .... =-! ba Bar lIurdan, to bring to a head, .7>,,! lia',l (!Uso P.,;I ~ ba'd az), after. [ness. A.

in, a Jj}1 .t.lll !..-: ) J wa lazz bllflJ./lJ 'Ua"u 'r Ne~a, u-; ::~"i:~::e~ :ade ple'1.tif,u the me>.zns of t, ~~l::~!;~,h::::;! ~ Syria. A. r- bilfmi. (fer 1'"""~.1ti wmi). io the nallle of. A. I'l1'-! hi 'auni, by the aid of. A.

I.j~ ba tliitp, In the direction of, trJwerdo. ~ ba'Ia, fae, dist!Ult, remote. A ..r bale, much, many; sufficient; rolin, a el~ b"gAd-ad (origim,!ly bagAi dad, the garden

one; many a time, often, a long while. P. , of jestice), BaghdlF.tl, oityon the Tigris. A~ .J~ 6iat1iir, much, many; often. P. '"'~ ba:t/l1, aem-pit, aTI'm. P.

:t~i~!::;~i~ :2~4rSf~; ~ b4ZBit, oopzmded and ooen gI'OllUO. wide or L~ oa9"9, rebellion. A. l (than).

"pacieus mrl'a,zo; 23imple, unc.ompo~nded. A. ,~ hi !ham, without, except,' witb othtlr ~ Eiroiling. A. . j'-~ bi g"'am tOfJ8ilatin without a me-

~.;t.!.; bi.znayai, g'Jol1 new!>, glad tidings. A. - dium.

( 19 ) _~ bo~ti: ~~ti()D' permanence,co~tin~ce. A'I'~ ~laiIa~u ,(ace.), his country. A. JlAM ba'~"f:"gl, ZZ4een~t,cer graili~mezztzzant 1 ~1.l1J zzzz'ldazz pl. . .l1J qUUg_

g,ooer. A. ~ ~ I ~, regio~s j citie~, towns, villages. A. ~~ z5~ ba~,,'$'B, a d~'fttizzzz" a ptglAManzzzzce. 1 i~ liddat" countty,

~ bu~"a, spot, place, plot, region. P. I v:iHage~A. bi my htart. sJ..::..~ ba~f:attgu, with ~ balfitlat, or lIalfitla, remainder. A. I . mzztzz luxiliious. ~.

~.A b ',A~" ~ ,z~' "art' ..... .... , p. ba~, he re.,'!,Ched ul' atf-~ed, I,iA': at"f:a~e, remamlDg I' ,tUlAMe relAMams, I ..... A ",t~ " .., a remnant. A. P. I J)all e b"lagAa he a .. i&Dtt, to eInl-~f:gij~ k,;?zz to ofzzttz or tgrvice 1 nence. A, . ,to serve a ~,,?os~.~ to ~vail. P. .. , I e .~:41Ug4,n:aus: to ~.~h, ~~nvey ~1 (imp. of q;"yyj~ kgu ruraztu, to ."um use, use, I ~'; balltz,zz,,4, 2"d t'OAaA ot' C bakF:tza)

;tr eili:lo~. P. " .4i~:" ~ ,~t~ I ~ l. e,balligA ma 'QlaikQ~ convey (or de-y~ l}:,:,ali", nam" ot' a ""rtaiiZ "thl""". P. I 1itZZB) wtzzt thzzB art with (or ,zzhzzt ..r~i~, ~.kallabin aswrin, as the worst! ~s incumben~~z::~::) 0:;, f}a~, a'p~per name. A;...,..... [thou. p.1 ~ ~laniJ, high,lofty, ~ll. .P. , ",ili"~ bil,'/z.,?" (iilip. ~~l JfUf:~ilan), drazz I)~r,,,,; lilizzzz~VOl'''5:. p, 'th;:k:" (imp. of ~ kwktan) , kill I ~: baland-bala, tall ot'stature. P." "

, ,~ ~, . ~OlS" P. 'i~ :B~"'U8h''i!= or b~k.Ya' (imp. of ~,).,:S'I ~~ bolanM, height, elevation. P. " }wkiU,,,n), ,,:en thuu. Izzp. bi,llau,. cryttal. t ::~, (pl~,~~ .f~ ~k~~: d~~~. A. I ~.J. billam. or ballUNn, made of crystal,

"'~v b" ,.~ama";,,., b" ,,18 p",-,ecti,,,,. A , A = )~ bu$ular (im;. ot' :r.1:J~~~~tan), i ft"ulugA, puberty, maturit;' A. "llow, -f; [tzzxd. p, I if. .. yZZt, czzz5ainl:, ind,z;"d; ~ bugufta (= ~ bug1fft), he (or she) I .. right; but. P. ~. J"C bug~ z imp. ~ say thou, P. i ~ l:t1isfzzttune, hial, ttfHctizzkl. A. ~. bi!l,w, (imp. ot' ~ J giriftan), seize thou, I ~ ~litu, I am ~ed or afHictedj (passive of

,~"ttczz zzold P. 1 th" verb ~ bal", for J! bal, ~ut,nay: A. [a.1Iliction, adversity. A.I ~,. ~ lI~litu M ~wiyin, I am tried by a

balct, calamity, evil I gr"dDmllrlan. . ,)~ bilad (pI. ot' ~ baldat), provinces, coun: ',' ~ iiXligiJ., great, va~t j many, much, enlelllive,

tries" dtie1 tolle

.\ot ( 20 ) \ot bi fld, with us. A. . I '?JJ! ~u"gd, mat made of reedi, coal'll' mat-.\ot bind, building, structure, eclliice, anything ting. P.: J

built or conatructed. A.. . ~~ 'w! ~urigti-Mf, mat.weaver, mat-maker. P. ,.;. \otbi1.ui bIJr (Zit. what is.built upon), because, I:J\:..J!bUlttin or lHmtin (Zit. place ofperfume),

on account ot', by reaBOD of: A.P. llower:-prden; gardeu. P. ~~ bIJN (pI. of ~ bint) daughterB. A. "".1. bu.IJ or 7xw, kiBII. P. ~~ ~~ ~/lfttitj nabtit (lit. daughterB ot' ~b ""..1. b;iUCI tltitlMr, to give a kiu, to oS. P.

vegetation), tendllr herbage. A.P. ~~ bUridm. or boridIIn, to os; to rot. P. ' .:;..A hlJ#igo"" . or ~ag08" . (adjoining the ~..1. bii (ctJlMniin, of various hues (u ehot

ear), the cheek. P. silk or the like); the chameleon; change-r4 ba .am, in the name j by name. P. able, cap~cious, inconatant. A. ;

~~ band", fingers, tips of the fingers. A. 1"..1. bUm, the owl. A. [BO~. p.' .tJ~ bi na{iungi", by a ~marian. A. ~ bum, uncultivated or wute land i land',

~ band, bond, impriaonm~nt, co~ementi Ib? bii:!::::..1.; [q.v.} P. [smell. P~ fetters; trap, BUare; trick, artifice; mao ~.J! bii'ida" to acent, to diftUae perfume to nmuvre (in wrestling) i imagination, idea, ....': . '. ' '. thought; anxiety, concem; acheme, hope, '! ha, bi or h: see ":' (of which, It 18 the expectation. P. [thou. P. d~h~ form) . ~. " . . ~ band (imp. of cf-! 1HIItan), fix thou, attach '! biA, qumce :-good, excellent; better, bait;,

~" J.:I ba"tU dan, hand.cuft8. P. . "'.~, ~ healed. P'.. . , . ' .... _J.p, !'!J to d .' to _.I! II biA., by, WIth or concernmg him or it. A.

\:J"J'" .... ~ ua~ J """lUJan, or er m COWlne-' _. ment, to.impriBOn. P. [servants. p. ~ btiM, .pl'lce,.value.p. _.' . ; I:J('~ bantlagdD (pl. of ~ b/lftda), slaves, .)~ baluir (pI. I:J~~ balIaran), sprmg: (at J~ bantlagi, service, slavery. P. . It. ~_ 2, :J = .)~). P. -

!.:J~ baMan, to bind. P. tJ.)'T' .' a, ve P. 1")" J. ~y ~ b!J1l(l fliltiltm bar dwam, to bep ;~I:' ~~, be~~an. P. bl.--'-

a tight hand on the silver, fi9 be miserly. P. liT- utma7Ja, pre".,.&~, excuse, au ".,rAuge. P ~ banda, servant, slave; yo-.r servant, your ~13~ ~aMntJ.iu, seeker of pretexts, sh~er,

slave. P. [-one's power, priBOnera. P. shUtBing. P. . [brutes. ~ I:J~~ baMigtin (pI. ot'IIJJ! bantli), those.in ~ ~'im (pl. of ~ baAimat), beasts, .., bini,. (imp. of. ~y niluitltJte), p1ace, or ~ ~ar, better. P. " . ]ay thon. P. . II;.f. .biAtar6, a better person. P. . . ~ buMiga (dim. of ~b~;.fQr I:J!I w.. BOn), ~ baAjat, beauty, goodliness; happiness,

dear, or darling BOD. A. . JOY, gladness. A. . ,,\:.1 bUflytitl, foundation. P., [kind. A. I".w. Ba"'rdm, name ot'~era1 Peraian kings. p. ~T if. bani titlam, BOna of Adam, men, 'man- jJ I"~ BaMdm (}or, the sixth Persian king

~ .,;J bani 'jII7Jm, BODI of a paternal nucle of that name, ot' the dynasty of the Saasa. 1- v: ' 'd H d .. G "fro h' fit'st cousin.. .A.' m es. e was surname or, m 18

..1. bu, ~ell: scient, odour. P. fondness for' chaaing the Wild us (gor). P

..1. ~u' ;'1 a~u; [q. v.] A. '1)JI".w. baArtim gortJ, a Bahram Gor. P. ~I ..1. h 'l'aJab. (l!" cause of wonder), ~ bIJ luzalrt, in eight. P.

. !'onderful, aston18hmg. A. ~ biA,,"'t, paradise. P. y~ baunDoo, doorkeeper, porter. A. ~ J-I aAli "hila,,"'t, the dwellera in paradise,

~\y, ba tJJ4jibi, suitable, merited. P.A. the blessed. A.P. ').J! btwatl (aor. of ~J! budafl), it or he may ~bi"''''''ti,ofparadise,paradisaica1,aDge1ic.p.

'be, shall or will be, or should be. P. J.) ~ biAiIIAti-rii, angelic-faced. P. ~.J! budan, to be. p. 'I~ bu4e, he was in the habit of being, be rt" baAam, together. p. .

iiIed to be; there would be. P. !.:JoUT;. rr' ba1am bar iimatltm, to be displeased,

( ~l ) or enraged; to be distreaaed, or pained; to -~ biyiimoe (imp. of iimD&Atan),leam thou. P. rise in oppoaition or rebellion. P. 1:Jl:t baflan, explanation, expoaition, illuatration, ~;A ~ ~aAlIfIt ~a1'.i.ulMt, to conmae. P. account. A. I;)'ifj, rf. WMIJ ~M' lctWdtm, to distreas, dis- ~1J,j'..r- 7Js ~ without measure. P.

please, pain; to upset or overthrow. 1. ~L.;I '" 7Js inf4f, without justice, unjust. P.'!' ~ rt! halUms -~, to draw together; ~L.;I ~ be infDfi, injustice. P.A.

to knit (the brow). P. el~ ~ 7Js Mle, without fear, fearlessly. P. ~ ~tl, they are together. P. j. t..r! ~6 ~tW without fruit fruitless, unfruit-~ ~iAi, quince :-ckin MAi, quince-like, as ci: .' , ~ mAin, best. P. [on a quince. P. Ii!/. ~ 7Js wg, leafless. P. [CuI. P. c.F- 7Js, without; (a oomm,on preb) .. P. A 'I' 7Js lJapa1', withou~ sight; aenseleas. P.A. ..r. ~i, with me, to me. A. ~ tT-. ~ ~cWoa, p~onleas,. shareless,. un \III biya (imp. of ~T timtIdtm), come thou. P. pamcIpating,deatitute; unprofitable,vaIn. P.

I:J~~ biyiiban, deaert, wilderness. P. /. c:r 7Js PM', featherlesS or 'Wingless. P. uooJi 'I:J~~ biyoo~ ~, the de~ of J ern. ~ ~it, distich, couplet, verse; houae. A.

salem. P.A. [d~ert, anchorite. P. JI..II ~'~aitu 'Z mal, the treasury of the ~ I:J~~ m!looiifl.1lNAift, a retirer to the state.A. [fearlessly. P.A.

desert, ancb~:, P. [obtain. P. \.:.\,II,F lIB t~lti, regardleas of consequence&, ~I..-! m!lOOatl (aor. of I:fi~ !liffttm), ~e may fearleuly P.A. [prudent. P.A. Jv.i l.J'! 7Js abrii'i, dishonour, disbonourable .J!l,l';. loT- 7Js taibir, without deliberation; im . act. P.' r'=~itllflt(=~~&aitimtm),mydistich.A,p. ~I "" 7Jsqfal,unfated,of'whiehtheappOinted __ - "'" 7Js tllflt!li. (or;r..i IT- 7Js tmn;.), void

time of' death is not come. P.A. of' discerpment, undiscriminating; dull of' ~I '-t- 7Js'kAtiDar, without tbe will, without comprehension. P.A

.J ChOIce, or aelf-control; unconscious. P.A. ':'j IT- 7Js tfnM, 'Without provisions, provision. y.)t ~ 7Js atlolJ (pl. I:J~.)I ~ &, atlolJan), ill- ~~s, unprovided. P. .

mannered, rude, ~orant, unpolite. P.A. ~.J' "" b8 tIw/"~, graceless. P.A. ~~ biyar (impLof ~.JJTal'ardtm), bring thou. P. 't1 ~M (Persian pL of' .--:! ~), verses.

~~~ biyariimitl, it was at rest, it rested, or ~ ~6, one distich or verse. A.P. pau~_ o~ ceased (p~t. of ariimi_). P. I:JI.r- ~ ~jan, litelees. P. ~.,!.,~ biyM',!~' he, or It should adorn (aor. ~f I:JI.r- "'" 7Js jan __ , to deprive oflite. P. , of ~~,. M'iMttm). P. n........ L =~ 1:_.' 1_:_ t1 7Js tir- 'th' ut' ~ b

' harm l,1--~ UfJ.1I1f1tu.,. \lBcomelUless,puu.uneu. P.A.

.n ,,"' . ~,WI 0 pam or ~J.VU !le, - 1..11 ~ 'awoo unanswerabl irrefutable' l~ umOXIOUI. P. ~ ~ .1 '. ' e, , -IJ ,;" a.art h I wltliout reply, havmg no answer. P.A.

;.1;) I.j tW, more IU'Ql eaa. p. ~ . , .\ , 1M", - - .. _:1 he torm ...... 1.... \. -! ~ claragi, belples8J1818, poverty. P. ~.:J'=! "8tn~fM!, e ... ..., mOle" .... or vexes .". _ .p, __ (aor. of tiza,.tltm). P. ' !J~ ~ TIs clara (PL I:J~~ 7Js cwagan) , '='~~~ biyMt.it'tltm . 1:J,).JtT. [q. v.] P. ~thout . ~ource ?r remedy; helplel1ls, r''''~~ m!lwrit!lIfIt, thou annoyest, or grieveat mUlerable; m deapm. P . me. P. [a-miitltm). P. ~ lIB cAin, withoutequal,peerleu; God. p. I/I..;I.f4 biyillmM, prove or try tbou; (imp: of .r~ 7Js ~,unprofitable. P.A. Jw:l:t biyii8a'i, thou wilt, or wouldst rest ~ I.F'. ~6 ~, unlimited; beyond bounds or

(aor. of uutltm). P. [copy. A. just limits. 1'.A ..;~. bafla,; blank book, note-book; fair ~~..r ~ (ifWflltlt, disrespectful, uncivil; .1~1 ~ 7Js '.~, of no esteem, diseateemed, void of honour or shame. P.A.

distrusted. P.A. [aludtm). P. I/"~ ~ ~6(itwmati, rudeness,discourtesy, dis-~~~ biyalafJatl, it sullies or taints (aor. of re8pect,dishonour; abaeoce ofceremOlly.p.A.:

, . .

( 22 ) "1'-~ bB ~tW, countless, incalculable. :P .!.. ~ ~ bB .AMmi, abameleaaness, impudence.:p. ,~ ~ bB JamiyM, careless or indift'ereut ~ ~ huh .or, of great strength, very

with respect to any aacred charge; ahame- strong. P. E' 118M, root. P. [leu. P .!.. ~ ~ h .Aakk~ WI~hout doubt, d~ubtleaa. P.'&'

/ ... ,LJ.' 7 _J. to take 0. )~ 66 .1fffMf', mnumerabIe, mca1culable. ~.J) f! u6tw< IAl'TllCln, roo... P. untold. P. A 66 kAabM', without information, una~, ~ 6i.tAa, jungle, thicket, denae and tangled

unconscious; lost in amuement ; umn- forest; a bed, or place or growth, of canes formed, ;anorant, unmindful. P.A. ___ ..:I.

-c- or nft:IWI. P. ~ 66 Ma6ari, thou art igno~t. P.A. ~ 7Hli1ll, egg. A. [veterinary art .&. ~~ hkAa6M'iiMni, they are IgIlOrant. P.A. )~ 7Hliliir, farrier, one who practises the ~~ bB ~!!tWi, sleepleBSnes&, loBS of sleep, ..::.i\l" ~ bB ,''', without strength, weak. P.'&' , want of sleep. P. "'\1" bB ItiJati, weakness, inability, lack of .)p ~ '66 .U~, beside one's sell, elated. P. Ij' po.;r;: to endure; impatience. :P .!..

~ bBi, willow. :P'. ~ IT- '66 .', without longing, undesirous, el.:.a ~ btJtJi mwlk, musk-Willow. :P. uncovetous. P.A. '. flJ.rl. 6idtil', awake, wakeful; ao~. :P'. e;lMi",selling, buying .!.. '1)J.rI. 6itlari, wakefulneBB, ~~, VIgIlance; .,,:. bB 'w.ati, dishonour. P.'!" , want or abaence of sleep; keepmg awake.:p. ~r'" - ... '':7_ 'tb 0.1 illiL-,te

. J=_.... . t' . -l q6 ... to, WI ou .. earnmg, wna .P.A.. u"",)..j b6 _ ... ,., tgIloran ; tgIlorance. :P. ." " , k'

. \ ~ bB tlan- fa- 11 disc tio ~ ~ &. amaZ, Without wor .. Wlthou* ~ J.rI. .. I, 0 y" m re n. P. practice; unapplied. P.A. [:p .!.. r ~ 66 tlar,. doorle~. P'. rP ~ b6 gjpm, without sorrow, unconcerned. t!r ~ '6" .~, WIthout stint, unsparmg, ~ '" bB gjami, thou art unconcerned. :P.

ungrudgmg, liberal.:p. , IJ.fli ~ b6jii.'itla, useless, ine1fectua1, unavail-~ ..r- bB tIMe, ha;nd1ess. P. ing, fruitleBS; useleu1y. :P .!.. J.) ~ bB iiI, without heart, out of heart; de- .)~ biyuftatl, he fell (past of I:I,)\;;\ ~tIfI). P.

votedly attached; ignorant, silly. :P. ~ mgfffifMl, he fa1.ls (aor. of qftadan). P. I,:t!..) ~ bB tlin, irreligious, infidel. :P.A. ;;'" bB~, without value, of no esteem. P.'!" I.j!,) ~ btl. tliu, an infidel; a miscreant.:p..A.. )!i.,-" bB tar'tlr,l'e8tle8B, disturbed. P.'!" '

~ bai!~, pawn at chess. P. c,,~. IT- bB ~UfI1fI1tIt, powerless; indigent, neces-i.T') ~ bB "tUmi, irregularity, bad custom or slliOus. l!.~

prec~ent. :P. u-'::i tT- bB Pyii8, WlthQUt measure or number. ,"-.J ~ bB ",8, without ~tisfaction . :P.A. incalcu1abl~, immense, inc:onceivable. P.A. I.J).J.J ~ bB roU, no~ haVIng sustenance allot- )~ ba gak'bar, all ~t onoe, m a body. :P.

tea, luckless, unaided by fortune. :P. ~ Y. b6 1, shOeleu. :P. &:uJ:! Urin, ou~, outside, without, beyond.:p. ~ _~ bB -foli, shoelellltle8B. P. '

J.!)' , ,.I bB ur, WIthout gold, moneyless, l'OOr. :P. ..,-.... - I.' .' tali' (I .". , , '-'~ udgatla, 10reJgD, S range en p.

u4 m'.a, 'vile (are), out upon I :6.. ~,. 7. .. n- _) " ~\bJ\ u4 m'8tI 'I mata'''''u vilearetbe meatsl ~I:I ~ -:fatlfl9D41 P. '" 1-' t....' [ Ib,.., bB gal, out of season: P. [sive. :P. ~ u ." wenv,/" :P. A.. .~ " -', ,.J bB 8M' 0 pa without head. or foot cJ~ bB gWMI, inestimable, immense, exceis-~."., , .,

destitute of everything, wretched. :P. cJ~ bB 9""'MI, without doubt, asauredly. P. ~JJ"..r b" 8M' 0 pa"i; utter destitution, .~ hguntiA, guiltless, innocent. :P. : wretchedness. :P. c.f~ bB grmtila", an innocent person. P.

~hu",greater,more,exceeding;anylonger.:p. J= biZ or b61, spade, shovel. :P. ~ huldar, more, 'more plentifully; for the cJ~ baila~tin, name of a city in Armenia

inoat part; more intent. :P. ' Major, near the ports of the Caspian Sea. P.

( 23 ) ~ &un, dread, fear, danger. P~ j'-.l bimtir, sick. P. , [l8ssIy. P.A.

~tt; IT- be mu~ti, without concern, merci-o.J~ IT- be mUf'tHl1tlJtlt, unmanly, unfeeling,

,~human. P.A.

1').Jf'=""l beAiula (or ~ beluda), absmdJ vam,. senseless, useless, foolisb, concei~d,improper. P.

.. ' J.,... ~ be mu'IIWIIHII, untrustworthy. P.A. ~ p~. foot, leg;~base, foundation; powe~, jM IT-~~, without kernel, marrowless.p. ability, strength. P. [reprisal. P. ~ bin! beholdtho,u (imp. of ~~ ditltm). P. v.b~ padMA, retribution, requital, reta1iatio~ ~ 11"'11, betw~n or be~wixt, interveningl\;,.)~ padBMIa (or '..:,.,~ piiiJiiuik), king, me:.

space,. separation. .A.. narch. P. ~ binti, seeing, possessed of sigbt. P. I.)~IU..)~ piitUAaA-ziiila, king's son, prince. P. ~bintul, he sees or will see (aor. of .~.) "'\.!..)~ piitU,,~!, royalty, Sovereignty, kingly,

tlitltm). Po ~ - rank; domlnIon, rule. P.' ..:....,~ biyaMdkAt, he 'overlhrew (past of t:J~ "'~~ piitUkaA~ _tltIft, to act the king 1 , tmddk/!ttln). P. ' [of tlntluAitltm). P. to reIgD, rule; govern. P. ~~ biytmtlsB,:-> reflect thou, consider (imp. ",\!..)~piitUkale, a k~g, a certain king. P. ~ biMlA~ behold him, her or it. P. ' j~ par, over, across. P binuA, sight, vision. P. V'j~ Pdr., Penia. P.' , ~\.:j IT- be nUMfI, witbout sign, or mark, Qr I...j~ pd~.d, abstemiou, pure, boly; devot~e, , trace; inscrutable. P. ascetic; (pl. t:J~'-j~ pdr.ii1/iin). P. ~ tF- be flP, matchless, unequalled, peer- I')~ '-j~pdr..d-zikltl, saint's son. P.

"less, unrivalled. P.A. 'J-j~pdr.d'i, purity, boliness; asceticism. P. '~ lIaifltllea, between thee..A.. [prayer. P. pdrBife, a certain aevotee~a holy man. P. ;}.i IT- be flamiiz, prayerless, one who neglects f./".J~ Pdr.., ~ersian. 'P. ' .'lJW ..r- be namdze, a prayer1ess fellow. P. !h pdra, tom to pieces, in raga; piece, bit. p.

,~ be flawd, without food, indigent. p. !1~ !1~ pdra pdra, patch upon patch. P .;ti..r. be'ftawifi, indigency, want of food, ..;,.) !1~pdra-doz, patcher, botcher. P.

starvation, destitution. P. a:".,k piirifta, ancient; elapsed, past. P. ,tF--! baini, between me . .A.. [tbee. A. V'~ pu, watch, guard, defence; regard, con-'~.J r.,F-I baini fIHI lIaifltl~ betwixt me and sideration~ P. '..j:-l bini, nose :-(aor., of t:J~,) tiulan) thou ~\i. U"~ pa.t Wti,. (or ,;.\S"~ pM-kl!dli,.),

seest, st see, or may see. P.' at,tention to, or consideration, for (one's) ,Y-lI.I.lt ~ llama !/atlai ba'Ulii, in front of Wl8hes .or wants. P.

(or before) her husband. .A.. [him. .A.. t:J\-~ pullan, watcbman; shepherd. P. ,~~ ~ baifltI !/adtii.Ai, in his presence, before I./'~ PMtJ, one watcb, a single watcb. P. '~ binigam, thou seast me. A. 't:J~~ pMlitJij", to sprinkle, strew, scatter. p. J-.J ~ be flJqfi1i, failure in performance, want IJ.:!o~ puAida, strewed, scatt~4. P.

of payment ; faithl~ness, ingratitude. P.A. e)~ pdTe, pure, clean, cleansed, bright; free. P. '~J ~ be ~, unseasonable, inopportune t:Jif el~ pdk leartltln, to make clean" to

moment. P .A.. cleanse, to clear, to free, to winnow. p. ' ~ bitla or bell~, widow. P. )~ pdk-biill, sporting harmlessly ; hOJlO1l3b~ :t:Jj~ bitlll zan, widow woman. P. lover. P. .;:JI> ..r be lHmar, stupid, unintelligent, un- t:J~ ct!~ ptiTe burtltm, to carry clean off. P', .

skilful, inapt; worthless' graceless (pI. ~I~ el~ ~iilc-tliiman, pure-skirted, one who I' be A _' Ij. keeps his garments clean and pure. P. e- unMan!. P. [~e. P. &-ij el~ pdTe ,.uj'tf;m, to make a clean sweep,

(' 'T" be ~~m, ,unseasonable, moppor- to carry o~ or make away with entirely. P. ~ . ,~

( 24 ) J) eJ~plik-rtJ", upright in conduct. P. ~T ~~ pacliJ timtItItJts, to appear, become

~.J'" eJ~ fJlilc Mlk/J.IMI, to'oonaume utterly, to manifest. P. burn clean up. P. : Ptl!ir, accept thou. p.

u-ii eJ~plilc-ftaft, pure-souled. P. [lye P. 1:fij..~pfJ.rirro'MI, to accept, receive, take, su~ ~ paTcntl, pure, chaste; cleanly, neat, come- mit to, consent; to experience, undergo. P.

~) ~ptikiza.nl'i, clear-laced, comely, hand. ptw or parr, feather, wing. P some. p." pur, full, 61led, satisfied; much, many, vJ4l~pi1l'llang, rope, bridle, halter. P. numerous. P. I~~ pan#tloA, fifteen. P. . [years. P. '~.A ptwliDtmiltI, scattered; disturbed, rest-?:i , tla1H;;Lu.; th f fifteen less, uneasy, distressed; l'Uined. P. .

IJ""" I~, pa~ =...;,;, e age 0 ~ u.f'~ fJtwiigtJftllo,.dil (or.;. .... d.A ptw4-'I~ plii,. foot, leg; foundation, root, hold; 9aMII kAti#r), heart-wounded, confused ~ stand, pedestal; basement. P. mind, bewildered, distracted. P. ~~ piJyat, thy foot. P. ~~piJya"", his (her or its) foot. P. II} ~.Aptwiigtmtla-rozi, disordered in one'a

circumstances; uncertain of means of sup. ~~ ~a!lam, my f~~. P'. port. P. ~\;jl II~;' lIZ pa. ujtitlMl, to t'all down, to - .. __ H~bt, beam of'

break down on the road. P. .J'.I..r- --v, ray, AOfS' sun or m~n. P. :r " ., .. tltw'limaiItm to B1i t' tJ.J'.I., pfIf'taH, a ray, a smgle or solitary ~J. .r II~,) lIZ p. . , p, np, ray. P.

tumble, fall. P. l. 1S~.r tltw pali fl.l1i, in our wake. P. ~.A ptW.~tw, full of caution, ware, wary,

., I. 3 1.1 to h ld ' ~ tin heedful. P.A. . t:i-' " 'I~ pa. "alit MI, 0 one s 100 g.P. .,.. .7.70 . 1 baLL' . ! I , .... :-1'1". .. to b"-:- I '-!_ to V'''.l.ptw/iU,aI,., \lwe, war, strife, brawl P. ~; IIIf." !JW1v---., 0 \/lUll a 100IlWg,I..:.. 4_'" take root. P. .' ~ .A pur-kAt4tS!', lUU of peril, dangerous. P.A.

""piW/in end, extremi ..... close. P. ~1~.ptwdai4l, ~ment, business, affair, ~ -. -iT .' VJI dealing; attention. P. ,);..I II" pm-'bantJ, foot-bound, tied by the leg. P"I 3~7.J."__ to 't, 1 l..--d

. ~ ~ pa,."a/W,IMJO, qUI eave, aUIW on; ,.,.~ '1~ ~~",~~, we are tied by the leg. P. to execute, finish; to be quit of, to be free 1J"r.-!~pa,-p()'A (Ut. foot-cover), shoe. P. from; to arrange, prepare, set in order; to J'~ '1~ fJ/ii-p08Ai, covering for the feet. P. have dealings; to wait upon, attend to, be )~~ pai-dtir, firm, fixed, stable, permanent, . ttentively employed; to be occupied with. P.

lasting, enduring. P. .... I~ ptwdakAta, engaged, employed, occu-.~~ piii-gaA, dignity, rank, position, station; pied; attentive. P. [laden. P.

office, post; step. P. [vile; P. ".r.A pur-tltwtl, fu11 of pain, painful, anguish. JI..,,~ pai-mal, trodden' under foot; ruined; ~ partla, veil, ~; muaical key or modtf,

IJW.!~ piJytmiltl, firm, perpetual, permanent, or .style of musIc. P.A. lasting, durable. P. &:I'-".~ptwtla'i al~,muaical acale,gamut.P.A.

-~\t piJya, rank, grade, dignity; step, degree, ..p. I.).A partltii him, the cartilage that sepa-

promotion. p. rates the noatrila; the septum of the ~ pile, a leg. P. nose. P. "I"" -l;)JJ\tpilitltm, to stand still or firm; to halt, J'I.:.A '9.ptwtltii 'fI8M~ (melody of lovers),

hesitate; to last, endure. P. name of a certain musical mode. PeA. ~ pu1JlJtem, to cook, boil; to ooncoct, ima- ~ ~ ~~ ptwtltif "tift rang, curiam of

gine, entertain an idea, conceit, or notion. P. seven (or many) colours; outward show. P. ... puk/J.la, cooked, boiled; matured, ripe; )".~ p,wtlts-tltir, chamberlain, servant-in. rich in experience. P. waiting. P.

~ pidar, father, P. )\:;,.,.I. ptwMitir, worshipper; servant, waiter. p. ~.rtpadnitl, farewell, adieu. P. [lie. P. ~.APtwMiantla, adoring; worshipper. P. J.!~ pfMlid, clear, evident, plain, .manifest, pub- V-.ApurINA, question, inquiry; condolence. P.

~j. ~ to uk, inquire, intel'l'Ogate, JI. .CI\.!J~ PfWU~1}4Zi, a distressed and , question. p. ruIned state; ml8el'Y, perplexity, vexation,

~j. ptmIiyiifl, a kind of fine painted Obinese trouble. p. ' Bilk; a garment made altha same. p. ~'.J CI\.:."J. pfWU~zgiir, distressed in ~ ptmDa, care, concern, anxiety, thought, "one's circumstances, ruined, broken. p.

attention, heed. P', !j \':"'..1. ptWultlni, distractio~ dispersion, rout; 1/)'.Jj.pM'fIJiiri, stalled, fatted. p. distress" desolation; insaneness, vagary. p.

1/}J..JU(gjjtJjP~iiri, fatted ox. P. ~..J'"y'paz"m.urtkm, to fade, wither. P. ~~ ptmDiifIa, moth. P. ~ PfJ8, behind, after; then; and so; hence, ,)t'~..v.' PM'fKWtlagiir; the Deity (as nourisher therefore, consequently; ~terwards; the

and supporter. ot'all). P. ~pfJ8t, low, short. P. , [rear. P ,) I oJ _.1-- to rear foster cherisb PfJ8at, lHlhind thee, alter thee. P. CJ ~........ r-' -_ ....... ,., , , , . h' , nourish, bring, up, pamper. P. ~ piBtlJ, plStac ,lo-~ut. 1'. I,)>>,.,. PM'PfWda, brought up, nourished, reared, JMi pila~, son, lad, boy.' P. ,

fostered, educated; foster-son. P. l/,r.ptltWB, a boy, a lad, a son. P. ~..I.plJf'fHlf'iBl, bringing up, rearing, patron. &:IJ.eT ~pfJ8and timadtm (or ~T IJ.!~ pa-

age,support, sustentation, sustenance,mam 8antlida timatlem), to be pleasing, acceptable, tenance. P. , approved, reasonable. P.

IJi,A ptWrJarinltI, cherisher, bringer up, fOL ~ PMtmdtm or ClJ.!~ pfJ8ana-Wm, to terer, nourisher. P. approve, applaud, commend. P. ~")J.fi ptWf1aritltm, to bring up, foster, che- 'J.!~ pfJ8antWla, approved, applauded, com

rish, nourish. P. mended; acceptable, gratet'u1; warranted. P. 1:I'.JJt PtJf'U1in, the Pleiades. P. .'J.!~ pfJ8antlidatfW, more approved. P. ~PtIfTa, side,. ~r~er. P'. ~ paritJl. (or ~ PMi1), .marc~ setting

~ ~ ptIfTa'. ham, the nostrils; the mdes or out on a Journey;' resolve, mtention; pre. walls of tbe nose. P. paration (for a journey). P. ~j. ptWMkAtem, to be on one's guard; to CI':. : parittiyiifl, followers; those who come

to abstain, refrain; to practise moderation after; the moderns. P. or temperance. 'P. ' ~ puBlt, the back; suppOrt, prop, stay; P. ~..i..1'~MZ, ab~tinent, temperate, chaste, con ~ '.''': PU8lti pa, ins~p. P. [to lee. P.

tinent ; ~bstinen~, continence, control over ~\.). M. " ! pwAt rlatltm, to turn the back, to lIy; the passIOns, 'sobnety. P. ,-.. It b dl pack, 1 d 4'a ...

"- 1_ _ '-_ b"":- '-__ te ~p'U8 a, un e, oa ; -e;got. P. ,)~"p' pfWtWzgM', SOucn-, a "~l1Ient, Cuaate, m- -.. 'It-' 'd perate, abstemious, cautious, caret'ul; (PL ~:U8 ,,~~port, &1 ,help, succour. P. CI~'():.j.PfWMzgiiriifl). P. ' CI\.:ApU81twem, 8;Upp~rter j prop, buttress. P. " .1 __ - - h t'ty'te .!J.ptI81m, wool. P. 1.S.J~j.PfWtwZgan, C as 1 , mperance, con ,

- tinence, restraint, moderation. P. ~ptI81a or ~pa8MJa, gnat. P. [change. P. fJ,Apari, fairy. P. , ~ !,Mliz,_ an..y littl? piece of money, small I/.Jl puri, tbou art t'ull, or 1lJled. P. ' CI~ptl81untlft, pemtent, repentant. P.

~ ( 26 ) .~ Jll r~ leof~3!'dkiIler. i ~ ~~iIlptJi, lElt~p bk 3tep,lEluClC"~lElivel:k~ P,

~ pa~ peculiar, ~or p~rtahrlng to a leo-I ,,)~ piyada (pI; I:I~~ pigadag~), foo~ pard tile nlElture :&:al'O'lElI:&:k of lEl p. i p~'iliEl~eng-lElI, pe~~trIlll pa~~ at Yfli or eire"" madYf i).Jft plro", VlCt-Yf"LOUB, pros%~"ous f'avow"ed 1:1.).1:),) ~~ pOBtin daritlon (or ~\;;, ~y';,) I by fortune and opportunity. P.

'liM li,,,,,tin or &t5p ,.afti4~), tp? ~pead 11:1) Yfan,. W"man. ill of, to tell the fault~ fo slander. p.' II:J'br-pirakan, shirt, vest, garment, tunic. P .

~~ po";j;in-sP,,Yf4., th" 'liYJ{sinPf"" of@" who II./r-? pin, agYf, P. ~akes garments of skins j the trade ora fur.11J.r-I. pire, ~ old~. P. . [of, to. P. "1er. I ~ peBb, ;"fore, in th"p 'lirea.s~oo ~y. p08tini, made of fur, Fur-wrought. P'. I ~ payfUi, at the heels of him or her i after

~~J! to ~ppYfer, YJ{l""k i wear, i i'l, [:k~ ~~ a"YJ{"danl P . put.o~ i to d~ess, Cloth~. P. I;T ~pui M,.take; b;ing forward (imp. of

pulM, st",,}. p. l brawnp, j ,.;!;} in, k"i'l>re he""tofol~. P. J)d. .,)'J.J';,.~a",,:az.u, lavin~_ an ,,::~ of steel, I &;JJ-o! ~.1!8f" titTIIJdtm' to come before, meet j

:k~p,,,,,an, 1'l1 nmg, :mnD ... g as."" P. i tp, 'iCC@, to h"ppen. ~y. pU'itltw., to run. P. '.. .... 11,,\'..,j~ pukiini, forehead, skull. P. .. .

pabliJ, tb" '"yde ~Yfder :&:he sb,,,rt rid". P, i .-":,p; PUP'iliEl, bet~.,,,~ in p~""~'.7nce, P. ~ pm, keel j .:~tatep,.track. j m~cle, nerve. p'l~ peBktM, before, foremost .. P. [ou~ .. P. rtrtl,) dfM' pat P, aft.~, m PUl'BUl" P.Pf, "tte~~ i ~" ~peBb to fOYfP"ard, iluld I.. :;,~, liZ ~'i mIi, at' OP.4lEl heels, af\e" I ~~PUi ,.~:~~ go a-hea~. to succeed.P.

) ~J\.l-:!. pWFlecL A.k.

_ .. t';;.1t),ctak~, select, cbo~se.~ P. ..~.. Ift~ t.!iw. mc.~hcnt. ncaec. A.' ~p68ha, business, eralt, trade, MOlt. P. Il.5c~\i tiijire, a merchalAt. ll .. P. JJ~ PC,AaWCri', ar....w'cn, 'craftsman. P. I ~ \i ta cbd, how far P how lo:ng P P.

~ . preecdmg, bygnne . Pl ~\i ta;kl!ton, to attack, rush upon; t.() g!'Jlop, RlA~'~~~ pn'hill';,!/t?J, thOl~9 gom, })(d'oce, !ibn j to w~ fut; incursion, irruption. P.

nncinntl. P. 0 \i ttitMir,dnlay,postponement,reaervation.A. rla,,{ paigAiim (or ~pair..Aam). meeuge. y';\j tfi.:iw, nruditinn, imtruction; chastise-

J .;'.lpaig/J!Jm-bar, messenger, prophet. P. mnnt, nOJ"!'ection, di'.ciplin.'. A. _I .,.' P ,,- tOo. 1 d d ti ~ p(n~, couner, messenger. . C!:;," f1Irfld, ~.un. e~, nnal'!ta nn, ~~ pmgar, battle, conflieli, contest. P. waste; dissolution. P.

~~ paigtin, javelin, dart, spear. P. tiJ~\i~ara~, top, ~ummit; crown (of the head) ; ~pil, elephant. P. [in rut. p. f.z;:~t~ofa ~~). P. " ..:-a ~ p~li 'fjUJilt, furious elephant~ elephant Ei'~ ?;a,NM, dale, uay of "ne momh. A.

~w. p~lbiiiO, elephant-kteper. P. t:!N-.)ti, tii/a, dark, black, dull, cloudy. P. cA'! pl-ttlFJ (lit. nleplwlt-bndiRlAJ), big, h11gn, 'p.-r::l>-.)'U ttii'ilc-dil, black-hearted; benighted, d~~ia~'lr, pedlar, hunkstnf. ~)\i&!::::, ~~~:~, :Z1to?lin~~;~::~.:: . ~ pila, cocoon Gf the lilklIorm. freBh; bri\iht,. 11 . r.;J4paiman, promise, treaty, covenant. P. .JLw:/ t,~za+baliir, :t're!3h 1>1(0)(.

~~ paimiifta, measure either for wet or dry Jj ")Ii taza-rU, hright-f!!.Ced, of che.erl"ul goods; cup, goblet, bowl. P. . smiling. P. [gusge. P. ~ F'ii!/'4Z'n-ba.r, me .... ellger, prophet. P. 1S)\i tim, Arab, Arabian horse, Arabic Ian.

Jl~J~ J?fJ!IcmbM'.z;aiJ.:Wi, bhsth nr deBOOllt .aJ~\I tar-i!liirtll, scourge, lash; whipping, flog. ~:np:i:::::\} mix nr ?l3S(p. l!~~~~:!~G:::: :: [ree,"ret, pain. ~'

. te . t tel ( . h) .~. . ..' Cta m IRIa ~y .Wlt.. P. t.....i..r.it tIl'tJ4#,UJ; griev's.:ng, l'~nttiDg; grief,

.... ~ rn~aBta, .Joined, ~ted; constantly, bet ta'11.8lt?ef il:AwllJ"t1nz, t.o grin4e, to nabltwilly, umnterruptedly. P. .. regret. A.P .l.i~ :I~:Ji'IJc::;nfkindl:ild'}'e~ti~n, connexion; ~tr ta'a.r.ufiJ1l, of grief, from nexntion, Bur-

z;onb1Wction, 8rLLCttRatmn. P. rowfully (ace. case employed adverbially).!..

o 'iit, th,t;; nf thee i t;; thee; thy. P. I; TlDtil ; c'ldnn that, so thnt, bncanse;

1'.8 !3~:lOn as, as mUllh ;?;.o l'>Dg as, as long as; e