good governance & engaged citizenship ~ a view from kerala k k krishnakumar kerala, india
TRANSCRIPT
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Good Governance & Engaged Good Governance & Engaged CitizenshipCitizenship
~ A view from Kerala~ A view from Kerala
K K KrishnakumarK K KrishnakumarKerala, IndiaKerala, India
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Good Governance & Engaged Good Governance & Engaged CitizenshipCitizenship
~ A view from Kerala~ A view from Kerala
K K KrishnakumarK K KrishnakumarKerala, IndiaKerala, India
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KeralaKerala
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KeralaKerala
Population 32 MillionPopulation Density 819 / km2
Language MalayalamSex Ratio 1058*
* No of women per 1000 men
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The Kerala Model!!The Kerala Model!!
LiteracyLiteracyMM FF TotalTotal
KeralKeralaa
9494 8888 9191
IndiaIndia 7676 5454 6565
ChinaChina 9595 8686 9191
USAUSA 9797 9797 9797
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The Kerala Model!!The Kerala Model!!
Life Life ExpectancExpectanc
yy
HDIHDI
KeralaKerala 7373 0.640.64
IndiaIndia 6363 0.590.59
ChinaChina 7171 0.720.72
USAUSA 7777 0.940.94
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Social Movements of KeralaSocial Movements of Kerala
Progressive Rulers and Christian Progressive Rulers and Christian MissionariesMissionaries
~ Public School System~ Public School System~ Libraries~ Libraries~ Girl’s Education ~ Girl’s Education ~ Education for Backward Sections~ Education for Backward Sections~ Fight for Self Respect~ Fight for Self Respect
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Social Movements of KeralaSocial Movements of Kerala
Sree Narayana Movement - From 1880sSree Narayana Movement - From 1880s
Empower Through Organization,Empower Through Organization,Enlighten Through EducationEnlighten Through Education
One Caste, One Caste, One Religion, One Religion, One God One God for Mankindfor Mankind
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Social Movements of KeralaSocial Movements of Kerala
Left Political Movements - From 1930sLeft Political Movements - From 1930s
~ Organisation of Landless, Labourers, Small ~ Organisation of Landless, Labourers, Small FarmersFarmers~ Fight Against Fudelism ~ Fight Against Fudelism
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Social Movements of KeralaSocial Movements of Kerala
Left Political Movements - From 1930sLeft Political Movements - From 1930s
World’s World’s FirstFirst DemocraticallyDemocratically Elected Communist Elected Communist Government in 1957Government in 1957
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Social Movements of KeralaSocial Movements of Kerala
Library Movement Library Movement
~ More than 8000 Libraries Spread Across ~ More than 8000 Libraries Spread Across KeralaKerala~ Elected People’s Committees~ Elected People’s Committees~ Library as a Socio-Political and Cultural ~ Library as a Socio-Political and Cultural CentreCentre
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Social Movements of KeralaSocial Movements of Kerala
Kerala Sastra Sahitya Parishad ( KSSP ) Kerala Sastra Sahitya Parishad ( KSSP )
~ One of the Biggest People’s Science ~ One of the Biggest People’s Science Movements Movements ~ Initiated People’s Environmental and ~ Initiated People’s Environmental and Health Health MovementsMovements~ Organization with Around 60,000 Members ~ Organization with Around 60,000 Members
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Social Movements of KeralaSocial Movements of Kerala
Total Literacy Campaign - 1989 -’91Total Literacy Campaign - 1989 -’91
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Social Movements of KeralaSocial Movements of Kerala
~ Around 300,000 Volunteers/Teachers and ~ Around 300,000 Volunteers/Teachers and 3 Million Learners 3 Million Learners ~ Linking Literacy with All Major Livelihood ~ Linking Literacy with All Major Livelihood and and Developmental IssuesDevelopmental Issues~ Literacy as a Uniting Platform~ Literacy as a Uniting Platform
Total Literacy Campaign - 1989 -’91Total Literacy Campaign - 1989 -’91
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Social Movements of KeralaSocial Movements of Kerala
Localized People’s Movements Localized People’s Movements
~ Local Issues, Search for Alternatives, New ~ Local Issues, Search for Alternatives, New Frontiers of Fight and Resistance Frontiers of Fight and Resistance
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Social Movements of KeralaSocial Movements of Kerala
Localized People’s Movements Localized People’s Movements
~ Silent Valley Movement~ Silent Valley Movement~ Chaliyar and Other River Basin ~ Chaliyar and Other River Basin MovementsMovements~ Plachimada - A Village Against a ~ Plachimada - A Village Against a Multinational Multinational ~ Mineral Sand Mining~ Mineral Sand Mining
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Social Movements of KeralaSocial Movements of Kerala
People’s Planning CampaignPeople’s Planning Campaign
~ ‘Panchayats’ - Local Self Government ~ ‘Panchayats’ - Local Self Government ~ Constitutional Amendment~ Constitutional Amendment~ Decentralisation of Power, Devolution of ~ Decentralisation of Power, Devolution of
FinanceFinance~ Village Panchayats and Grama Sabhas ~ Village Panchayats and Grama Sabhas (village (village
assemblies)assemblies)
~ District, Block and Village Panchayats~ District, Block and Village Panchayats
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Social Movements of KeralaSocial Movements of Kerala
People’s Planning CampaignPeople’s Planning Campaign
~ Planning from Below~ Planning from Below~ Participatory Resource Mapping~ Participatory Resource Mapping~ Village Development Reports~ Village Development Reports~ Construction of Engaged ~ Construction of Engaged
CitizenshipCitizenship
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Kerala Development Model Kerala Development Model ororExperience???Experience???
~ Quantitative and Qualitative Aspects of ~ Quantitative and Qualitative Aspects of ParticipationParticipation
~ People’s Participation and Governance~ People’s Participation and Governance~ ~ Tensions Between Upper and Lower Layers of Tensions Between Upper and Lower Layers of
PowerPower ~ ~ Vertical and Horizontal Positioning of Local Self Vertical and Horizontal Positioning of Local Self
GovernmentsGovernments
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Challenges Challenges andand Opportunities Opportunities
~ Economic Globalisation ~ Economic Globalisation ~ Consumerism~ Consumerism~ Trends of Depoliticisation~ Trends of Depoliticisation~ Private - Public~ Private - Public~ Gender~ Gender~ Communalism~ Communalism~ Need and Greed~ Need and Greed~ Sustaining Kerala Model~ Sustaining Kerala Model~ Creative Participation~ Creative Participation~ Deepening Democracy~ Deepening Democracy
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Thank YouThank You