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NAVIGATION SYSTEM

Introduction:In this age of ever more complex road systems and increasingly heavy traffic, it is notalways easy to stay on course. Road maps are all but obsolete. What we need todayare innovative solutions. Solutions that make life easier for drivers by automaticallyselecting the right route and guiding the vehicle reliably to the desired destination.You will know exactly where you are and where you are heading, because the CarNavigation System operates by GPS (Global Positioning System), and a CD-ROM witha digital road map holds all the information the system needs to show you the way.The Car Navigation System always knows which route is best for you. Three of the 24GPS satellites orbiting the earth report the current position to your navigation system. At

the same time, state-of-the art sensors record every movement, registering even theslightest change of direction. Most roads in the country are stored on CD ROMs. Thismeans the computer always knows your exact position, and so do you.Before leaving, you simply enter your destination in the control unit. All the computerneeds to map out the best route is the name of the street and town you are traveling to.All you need to do is follow the instructions it gives you. The Car Navigation Systempromises to be a valuable aid for travelers, sales people, delivery personnel, real estateagents, drivers of emergency vehicles....anyone and everyone who needs to reach avariety of destinations as quickly and efficiently as possible.

Car Navigation System can vary greatly in how andwhat they do. Some simply tell you where you are.This information can be placed over an extremely

detailed map, or it can be a simple latitude/ longitudenumber. Of course, the more detailed information youhave, the more useful your Car Navigation System will

be.

A combination of technologies is being used : CD or DVD-Rom, GPS satellite receivers,internal gyroscope, and connection to the vehicle speed sensor. Handheld and portablesystems typically rely only on Car navigation System data. While these systems arevery useful, they have limitations that fully installed systems attempt to overcome.

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Useful info at your fingertips

Many GPS Navigation Systems have business addresses--so you can enter a name

and the system will direct you to it, others have detailed restaurant, gas station, hotel,shopping, and banking information. On a road trip, you can find out exactly where is thenearest ATM or doughnut shop.

German 2620 StreetPilot

Many GPS Navigation Systems have business addresses--so you can enter a nameand the system will direct you to it, others have detailed restaurant, gas station, hotel,shopping, and banking information. On a road trip, you can find out exactly where is thenearest ATM or oust choose your destination using Garmin 2620 StreetPilot touchscreen or remote control to be automatically guided with turn-by-turn directions andvoice prompts. The 2610 features a color display, built-in maps, and everything neededto download additional map detail and look up points of interest and addresses inseconds. Select maps and transfer data directly to the unit through a USB connectionand onto a standard CompactFlash memory card. These products are powered usingthe external speaker with 12/24-volt adapter cable or A/C power adapter.

Imagine having a personal assistant in your car

Thats exactly what you get with A GPS Auto Navigation System. Forget about sortingthrough large folding paper maps or taking the time to print out Internet directions. Witha built-in map database of the entire U.S. and Canada1 theres no need to downloadmapping information from technology or the dynamic backlit keypad and within secondsyoure on your way and all with the help of the Car Navigation System your computer.

Simply turn it on, select a destination using the latest in full-color, touch screen.

Turn-by-Turn Instructions

Auto Navigation systems can vary greatly in how and what they do. Some simply tellyou where you are. This information can be placed over an extremely detailed map, or itcan be a simple latitude/ longitude number. Of course, the more detailed information

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you have, the more useful a system will be. Other systems can give you turn-by-turninstructions, either visually or audibly. Imagine a pleasant voice telling you that youneed to merge ahead, and warning you that the exit ramp is on the other side of theroad.Many systems can plan a multiple stop trip--locally or across the country--determining

the route with the least mileage or time. You can program them to avoid toll roads, oreven to find any scenic routes the Auto Navigation system will ease your trip.

Auto NavigationSystem

Auto Navigation systems can vary greatly in how and what they do. Some simply tellyou where you are. This information can be placed over an extremely detailed map, or itcan be a simple latitude/ longitude number. Of course, the more detailed informationyou have, the more useful a system will be. Other systems can give you turn-by-turninstructions, either visually or audibly. Imagine a pleasant voice telling you that youneed to merge ahead, and warning you that the exit ramp is on the other side of theroad.Germain 2620

Many systems can plan a multiple stop trip--locally or across the country--determiningthe route with the least mileage or time. You can program them to avoid toll roads, oreven to find any scenic routes the Auto Navigation system will ease your trip.

Main Auto features:

Some fully integrated Auto Navigation systems can receive local traffic information, toroute you around traffic or road construction. Some systems are self-contained, strictlyfor GPS navigation only. Others are part of an in-vehicle multimedia setup--a videomonitor can display maps or DVD movies. Other systems use a small single DIN headunit that combines a radio receiver with the Auto navigation system.

Installing the Auto Navigation system:

Car Navigation systems that use a vehicle speed sensor are fairly complicated to install,so you might want to use a professional retailer/installer for these. Simple handheldportable systems only need a cigarette lighter for power--you can leave it sitting on thepassenger seat or take it along on vacation or a business trip. A system like this is very

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easy to purchase from any electronics retailer--you dont even have to go to a car audioretailer--many sites sell GPS receivers. There are even systems that use a PalmPilot orPocketPC--youll need an external GPS antenna and software. For this, you can shop ata computer retailer--online or locally.

Need a GPSNavigationSystemHow it works?

The GPS Navigation System (Global Positioning) receiver uses satellite information topinpoint your exact location.While this is extremely accurate, many things can cause the system to falter. Trees,tunnels, and tall building can block reception to the satellites, The gyroscope helpsmaintain tracking information through turns and twists, and the vehicle speed sensor fillsin the gaps when the satellite signal is lost. Location information is then superimposedon the maps stored on discs. The detailed map information is stored on either a CD orDVD, with more than just streets and exit numbers and all of this is provided by the GPS

Navigation System.

Garmin Streetpilot 2610

Just choose your destination using StreetPilots touch screen or remote control to beautomatically guided with turn-by-turn directions and voice prompts. The 2610 featuresa color display, built-in maps, and everything needed to download additional map detailand look up points of interest and addresses in seconds. Select maps and transfer datadirectly to the unit through a USB connection and onto a standard CompactFlashmemory card. These products are powered using the external speaker with 12/24-volt

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adapter cable or A/C power adapter (all of this is provided by the GPS NavigationSystem).

Kenwood KNA-DV3100

Kenwood makes the only aftermarket LCD touchscreen GUI GPS navigation systemon the market. Our new KNA-DV3100 GPS system features touchscreen operation(with a compatible Kenwood touchscreen mobile TV), or with the optional KNA-RC300remote control you can use the KNA-DV3100 with any mobile TV. An improvedgraphical interface includes 2D and 3D map views with split screens that show youdetailed routing information and pop-up point-of-interest icons from a database of over10,000,000 points-of-interest. Voice guidance gives you turn-by-turn instructionsthrough the included speaker, and a new 3-route comparison display lets you select aroute that is the shortest distance, the fastest time or normal. And with the optionalKNA-VC300 microphone and voice switch, the KNA-DV3100's voice recognition featuregives you hands-free voice control. Make a wrong turn? Auto re-routing is almostinstantaneous. With the Kenwood KNA-DV3100 GPS navigation system you're alwaysheading in the right direction.

Magellan Road-Mate 700 GPS Navigation System

Imagine having a personal assistant in your car, guiding you turn by turn, with a friendlyvoice and visual signals, even when you dont know the address. Thats exactly what

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you get with the Magellan RoadMateTM 700 portable GPS Auto Navigation System.Forget about sorting through large folding paper maps or taking the time to print outInternet directions. With a built-in map database of the entire U.S. and Canada1 theresno need to download mapping information from your computer. Simply turn it on, selecta destination using the latest in full-color, touch screen technology or the dynamic

backlit keypad and within seconds youre on your way.

Garmin iQue 3600

Garmin's innovative iQue technology delivers location awareness, electronic mapping,automatic route calculation, turn-by-turn voice guidance, and map data interface to theiQue 3600 features: The Smallest, most Versatile SATNAV on the Market, Palm BasedPDA with Integrated GPS Mapping, ENOS/WAAS Enabled for Superior Accuracy,Automatic Turn-by-Turn Routes, Voice Prompts, High Resolution Full Colour Display,Palm OS 5, Powerful 200MHz ARM Processor, - 12 Channel Parallel GPS Reciever,SD Card Expansion Slot for increased Storage, Trip Computer, Flip-Up, Adjustable GPSAntenna, Built-In Applications for Games, Calculator & Many More, Voice Recorder &

MP3 Player, Recharchable Lithium-ion Battery, Weighs only 161g.

GPS V Deluxe In-Car Navigation System

Description:

The GPS V is one versatile navigator that delivers automatic routing, detailed mappingand WAAS capability -all in a compact handheld GPS. It comes with the MapSourceCity Select CD, which gives you access to detailed street-level maps withlocations of restaurants, hotels and other services. Use the GPS V to look up alocation and it will automatically calculate a route and guide you to your destinationwith turn-by-turn directions and audible beeps that alert you to upcomingturns. You can even switch the display from horizontal, for mounting on a bike

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or a vehicle dash, to vertical for handheld use.

Features Turn-by-turn navigation throughout North AmericaAuto-routing gives access to shortest & fastest routes, turn-by-turn directions

& ETA to final destinationSmall, handheld GPS; displays visual map directions with audible tone alerts wheninformation is necessaryRoutable basemap provides US highways with exit informationIncludes Mapsource City Select software to provide enhanced routing functionality,residential street-level detail, residential & business addresses & points ofinterest for US & CanadaIncludes City Select CD, automotive mounting bracket, cigarette lighter adapter.

Foreign references:

EUROPCAR lead the way - So throw all your maps away!Europcar are ensuring their customers never get lost again!Europcar customers are the first to be given the chance to rent the most up to datesatellite navigation system available on the market when hiring a vehicle with Europcar.The iPAQ navigation system brings together the latest in GPS hardware and navigationsoftware to provide the best and most advanced navigation experience.Long gone are the dangerous days of having to drive and map read at the same time!

With this sophisticated system, you simply type in where you want to go and a voice willguide you to your destination with turn-by-turn directions. If you miss a turning, thesystem automatically re-routes you ensuring you get to your destination as quickly,safely and stress-free as possible!Europcar navigation system also holds information on the nearest petrol stations,hotels, restaurants and hospitals wherever you happen to be in the UK, and at a cost ofjust 11.75 per day (or less if you hire for four days or more), it could prove to be thebest money ever spent.The satellite navigation system is portable and therefore fits in any car and any pocket!It is available for hire with any Europcar vehicle throughout the UK and can be bookedwhen making a normal reservation.Europcar staff is fully trained to give the customer a full demonstration of the system. Aninformation pack is also given to all customers including further details and a telephonehelp-line - should it be needed - is available from 8am to 9pm.David Alexander, Europcar UK Commercial Director explains, "This is another fantasticadded value service for our customers. Whether travelling on business or pleasure, ourcustomers can rest assured that navigation problems are a thing of the past. Driving inunknown territory can always be a stressful experience, but hiring our satellitenavigation system ensures that you will be guided from A to B as quickly and safely aspossible.

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With the GPS navigation packs, you can turn your PDA into a genuine on-board

navigation system. Equipped with vocal guidance, MapSonic will become the idealcompanion for all your travels within Europe.

Starting from 199.00

Plan and find your way around Europe, both on the road as well in town with the Mapsand Route planningsoftwares on your PDA

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The famous MICHELIN Guides onto your PDA and discover a wide selection ofMichelin recommended hotels and restaurants, covering 10 countries and over 15European cities.

Navigation CDs for HarMan/Becker system

Navigation CDs for Blaupunkt TravelPilot DX system

Navigation CDs for Siemens VDO system.

Navigation CDs for Clarionsystem.

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Pioneer Introduces First Aftermarket In-CarNavigation System with XM NavTrafficWASHINGTON, Nov. 2 /PRNewswire-FirstCall/ -- XM Satellite Radio (Nasdaq: XMSR -News), the nation's leading provider of satellite radio with more than 2.5 millionsubscribers, and Pioneer Electronics (USA) Inc., the established leader in mobile

entertainment products, keep drivers informed of detailed traffic conditions 24 hours aday with Pioneer's next generation AVIC-N2 multi-function navigation system and XMNavTraffic. Pioneer's system is the first aftermarket in-car navigation system to offersatellite-based traffic information using XM NavTraffic, which displays traffic incidentsand road flow conditions on a motorized 6.5-inch touch screen monitor. The system,unveiled today at the annual SEMA Show devoted to automotive specialty products,graphically communicates traffic incidents by means of traffic icons to quickly identifyroad events relative to the vehicle's location, keeping drivers in touch with theirsurroundings at all times. In advance, the system suggests alternate routes aroundmajor traffic incidents and heavily congested roads.With a quick touch of the screen, the Pioneer AVIC-N2 with XM NavTraffic displays a

detailed traffic event list, showing local road incidents sorted by traffic event or bydistance. The traffic list describes the exact location of incidents, provides descriptionsof each occurrence and shows the distance of the events from the vehicle's currentlocation.Traffic flow is displayed on the navigation screen with different colors -- green, yellowand red. Green indicates traffic moving 40 mph and above, yellow from 20 to 40 mphand red at less than 20 mph. additional icons represent scheduled incidents such asroad construction and road closures."The new AVIC-N2 takes navigation to the next level," said Michael Townsen, vicepresident of marketing for mobile entertainment at Pioneer Electronics (USA) Inc."Traffic conditions are continually broadcast by the XM NavTraffic service, keeping

drivers informed at all times. Because the AVIC-N2 can fit virtually any vehicle on theroad, everyone can have access to detailed traffic information."XM NavTraffic, powered by NAVTEQ Traffic, provides the Pioneer AVIC-N2 system within-depth traffic data for 20 major metropolitan cities across the nation. Traffic incidentsare collected from a wide variety of sources, including road sensors, traffic cameras,state and local transportation departments, and law enforcement. The data is compiled

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Further aiding drivers, the AVIC-N2 guidance screens were graphically enhanced tolook like highway exit signboards, communicating visual directions quickly and safely.Users can choose from five enhanced modes that can be displayed on the screen,including:

-- Standard map view mode-- Driver's view mode (3-D view of map)-- Route view mode (split screen between map and list ofupcoming streets)-- Rear view split screen (split screen between rear camera view and overheadmap)-- Vehicle dynamics mode (performance gauges)

The system also includes a camera input so owners of large vehicles can view animage from a rear camera on the screen. This feature allows owners of SUVs and RVsto see a boat or vehicle they may be towing for added safety.

The Audio Video Entertainment SystemThe state-of-the art audio/video entertainment system provides full dual zonecapabilities, as well as DVD video playback, single CD, MP3 CDs and AM/FM/XMsatellite radio all with maximum power and sound performance."Pioneer's AVIC-N2 provides maximum flexibility and performance across all aspects ofmobile entertainment for any driver. For example, a family driving from Los Angeles toSan Francisco can have their entire route mapped in the memory of the navigationsystem and still entertain rear seat passengers with DVD movies for the length of thetrip," said Townsen.Much like its top-line head unit counterparts, the AVIC-N2 is a high quality audio systemwith MOSFET50 (50 watts X 4 amplifier), three pre-amp outputs and three bandparametric equalizer. The system can be expanded with other sources such as XMsatellite radio, CD changer, DVD changer and TV tuner. All sources are direct accessusing its touch screen display.The Vehicle Dynamics MonitorThe importance of individuality among the youth "Tuner" market is part of today's carculture, which led Pioneer to add new "skins" to its vehicle dynamics gauge screens ofthe AVIC-N2. With a quick touch of the display, four different skins can be chosenenabling consumers to customize the screen to match the interior of their vehicle.Proven to be a popular feature, the vehicle dynamics offer an easy, fun and accuratemethod to assess a car's performance with stock equipment versus aftermarket parts.The rich navigation features enable the system to monitor key performance attributes,provide users with vehicle dynamics in real time and perform peak holds so users areable to see and track their vehicle's performance.Measurements contain simple features such as voltage, compass and clock as well asdynamic features including:

* Acceleration to measure forward and backward G-Force* Lateral G-Force to measure maximum cornering force* Angular velocity to measure turn rate* Slope to measure the incline

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Pricing and availability will be announced at the Consumer Electronics Show in January2005.XM Satellite Radio audio service is available in 48 states. XM NavTraffic is available inthe 20 identified cities. Sold separately, Pioneer GEX-P10XMT traffic tuner and

activation of XM NavTraffic service is required.XM Satellite RadioXM is America's number one satellite radio service with more than 2.5 millionsubscribers. Broadcasting live daily from studios in Washington, DC, New York City andNashville, Tennessee at the Country Music Hall of Fame, XM's 2004 lineup includesmore than 130 digital channels of choice from coast to coast: 68 one-hundred-percentcommercial-free music channels, featuring hip hop to opera, classical to country,bluegrass to blues; more than 40 channels of premier sports, talk, comedy, children'sand entertainment programming; and 21 channels of the most advanced traffic andweather information for major metropolitan areas nationwide. As the officialsatellite radio network for Major League Baseball (MLB) and NASCAR, as well as ACC,

PAC-10 and Big-10 collegiate football and basketball, XM Satellite Radio is the leader insports radio programming offering thousands of live sporting events each year. XM alsois the leader in satellite radio for the automobile market through partnerships withGeneral Motors and Honda, among others. XM is available in more than 100 new carmodels for 2005. XM offers a wide variety of satellite radios for listening at home, in thecar, and on the go, including the Delphi MyFi, the first portable, hand-held satellite radio.Consumers can experience over the Internet through XM Radio Online at. XM recentlylaunched XM NavTraffic, which provides current traffic information for vehiclenavigation systems.

Pioneer Electronics

Pioneer's Mobile Entertainment Division is the leading manufacturer of audio, video andinformation products for in-car use. Its focus is on the development of new digitaltechnologies including audio video, navigation and satellite radio, while maintaining itsstrong heritage in products for car audio enthusiasts and competitors. The companymarkets its products under the Pioneer and Premier brand names. When purchasedfrom an authorized dealer, consumers receive a limited warranty for one year withPioneer products and two years for Premier products.Pioneer Electronics (USA) Inc. is headquartered in Long Beach, Calif., and its U.S.

The TomTom Go is a Linux-based in-car GPS navigation system available with orwithout preloaded maps. The device mounts to the dashboard or windshield, providing a3D view of the road ahead, as well as text-based and spoken driving directions.TomTom claims it is the smallest car navigation device available.

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Viability:

Makers of electronic mapping systems are trying to correct a wrong turnWhile the availability of navigation systems has grown, few buyers have been willing to

pay $2,000 for an electronic map they use infrequently..It is going to take dramatically lower prices and devices that provide real-time trafficinformation to put telematics on the road to high volume and high profits in NorthAmerica, according to executives from the electronics and auto industries who attendedConvergence 2002 here last week.Executives at the biennial conference on automotive electronics said consumers stillneed to be convinced they need the devices.Suppliers' plans to fix the broken business model include developing navigation systemsthat automakers can sell for $500 or less.Making it easier to pay for telematics, either by charging a one-time fee or by linkingper-use charges to a cellular phone.

Streamlining the telematics packages, offering fewer services but focusing on featuresmotorists find most useful.Creating devices that are easier to understand and operate.Making telematics device portable or linking devices wirelessly with technologies suchas Bluetooth.Allowing drivers to choose from a menu of services and customize how the informationis displayed.At Convergence 2000, in-car navigation was a hot topic. Worldwide revenue fromtelematics was projected to be more than $24 billion by 2006. But a more recent studypegs anticipated revenue at just $12.3 billion by 2007.Telematics and navigation systems, must offer services than enhance safety and don't

charge for what is available free on the radio or the Internet.Interior supplier Johnson Controls Inc. used the Convergence meeting to start showingautomakers its latest idea of a less expensive navigation system.

Consumers aren't flocking to the full-featured, $2,000 systems with color maps andvoice directions, said Philip George, director of business development for instrumentpanels, cockpits and floor consoles for Johnson Controls, which is based in Holland,

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Mich.Johnson Controls' strategy is to take its existing low-cost digital compass andinformation display technology and build it up.By adding global positioning satellite technology and storing a smaller amount of dataon a reprogrammable memory card, the system can provide navigation and point-of-

interest information at less cost.Siemens VDO Automotive is about one year away from supplying an original equipment"multimedia" radio that will lower the cost of telematics and in-vehicle navigation fromabout $2,000 to between $300 and $500.That price is close to what is available on the aftermarket now. The difference, Maiselsaid, are the expectations consumers have of original equipment."Whenever you get a system through the carmaker, it has to be the highest standard ofreliability"Our demands on an OEM-installed system are much, much higher, eventhough it only provides the same level of functionality as an aftermarket system."Patience" is the operative word. He views the acceptance of telematics as being on thesame time span as other new technologies, such as videocassette recorders and cell

phones.

Santa Clara, CA (May 7, 2003) Actor Dennis Weaver and his energy-efficiency team are demonstratingthe energy-saving benefits of Magellan GPS navigation products on a 14-day cross-country trek. Thetrip from Los Angeles to Washington D.C., known as the Drive to Survive 2003, was created by theInstitute of Ecolonomics, which Weaver co-founded, to demonstrate the viability and availability of hybrid,hydrogen and alternative fuel vehicles. Thanks to the Magellan 750M vehicle navigation systems andMagellan Meridian Color GPS units, donated by Thales Navigation, Inc., one of the worlds leadingdevelopers and manufacturers of GPS products, the caravan is reaching each destination along its routewithout energy-wasting wrong turns and missed landmarks.

Thales Navigation is honored to be associated with Drive to Survive an educational, effective, Eco-conscious event, said Lonnie Arima, vice president of worldwide consumer sales and marketing forThales Navigation. We embrace the mission of the Institute of Ecolonomics and are pleased to supportthe drive to Washington D.C. by donating some of our leading Magellan GPS navigation products to thecause.

Drive to Survive team member Tai Robinson said the Magellan products have enabled him and his fellowteammates to drive with more confidence, in addition to helping them save time and fuel by not gettinglost on the journey. Using the Magellan 750M plus navigation system has really made driving much moreenjoyable, Robinson said. We have more free time to take in the sights as we drive, because we knowexactly where we are and we know we're getting exactly where we need to be without looking at a mapand without taking our eyes off of the road.

The newly introduced Magellan 750M Plus is a lightweight, fully portable vehicle navigation solution thatoffers voice-prompted, turn-by-turn directions to nearly every address in the continental U.S. The 750MPlus sets up in seconds for use in any vehicle without the cost and inconvenience of installation. Thesystem offers an accuracy-enhanced, 12-channel GPS receiver and a sensitive antenna that ensures astrong GPS signal reception so users can place the system nearly anywhere inside the vehicle.The pocketsize Magellan Meridian Color is the first-ever, full-color handheld GPS receiver and is theflagship of the premium, high-performance Meridian series, which offers memory expansion throughindustry standard secure digital memory cards. The one-of-a-kind Meridian Color is feature-packed with abuilt-in 16MB map database that contains information for travel by land and water. The 16-color, 120 x

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160-pixel back lit display provide a brilliant view of highways, major roads, parks, waterways, airports,cities and marine navigation aids.Drive to Survive participants will arrive in Washington D.C. on May 14, having stopped in cities across thecountry to showcase cutting-edge vehicles powered by electricity, hydrogen, compressed natural gas,bio-diesel, methanol and ethanol, in an effort to emphasize energy independence and to inform the publicabout developing a hydrogen economy. Along the way, the drive team will visit San Francisco,Sacramento, Reno, Bakersfield, Fresno, Salt Lake City, Denver, Kansas City, St. Louis, Chicago, Detroit,Cleveland & Philadelphia.Thales Navigation is one of the worlds leading developers and manufacturers of positioning, navigation

and guidance equipment with global operations. Thales Navigation markets its Magellan brand GPSsolutions in the consumer electronics, recreation, and automotive markets, and its GPS and GNSSprofessional products in the survey, GIS/Mapping, and OEM markets. Through its joint venture with Hertz,Thales Navigation has developed the Hertz NeverLost vehicle navigation system. Thales Navigationskey innovations include the first U.S. commercial hand-held GPS receiver for positioning and navigation,and the first handheld GPS with industry standard Secure Digital Memory Card capabilities.

COSTS OF NAVIGATING SYSTEMS

Car manufacturers typically charge 2,000 or more for a built-in satellite navigationsystem, while a dedicated GPS (Global Positioning System) unit with an integrated mapdisplay can cost as little as 200. Sitting in the middle of this price spectrum, andoffering several unique benefits, is Compaq's iPAQ Navigation System (INS), whichcosts 850.21 (ex. VAT, 999 inc. VAT) for the full handheld/GPS/software bundle. Ifyou already own a 3000-series iPAQ handheld, the GPS receiver with 64MB of maps(covering southeast England) on CompactFlash costs 424.68 (ex. VAT; 499 inc.VAT). With 128MB of maps (covering most of the UK), the price is 552.34 (ex. VAT;

649 inc. VAT).

Total Transportation Applications and Benefits

Total Transportation Benefits

The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a global navigation capability that is provided tothe world free of charge by the U.S., and is the most accessible and instant form of

satellite navigation. GPS is a proven navigation capability that offers the entiretransportation community new and exciting applications and benefits. These benefitsextend to all modes of transportation (maritime, railway, surface, etc.), as well asrecreational, scientific, and public safety applications. Non-aviation users will be veryimportant benefactors of any air navigation system that is implemented.In the aviation sector, GPS has resulted in significant cost savings and increases inoverall system efficiency. As a result, many worldwide airline fleets are installing GPS

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airborne receivers for immediate use in enroute and non-precision approach operations.Likewise, many aviation authorities are also taking the necessary steps to allow formore advanced use of GPS within their respective airspace. They too have realized thatGPS offers a navigation service that is equal to, and in most cases better than theexisting ground-based systems, yet at a fraction of the cost.

GPS can truly serve as a catalyst for trade and economic growth for those who takeadvantage of it. The immediate and exponential benefits offered by GPS result in asafer and more efficient transportation infrastructure, which can positively influencetrade potential and economic viability of a region.

Aviation Applications

Satellite navigation is being widely used by aviators throughout the world to overcomemany of the deficiencies in todays air traffic infrastructure. With its accurate,continuous, all-weather, three-dimensional (GPS only) and four-dimensional (GPS withaugmentations) coverage, satellite navigation offers an initial navigation service that willsatisfy many of the requirements of users worldwide. Unlike current ground-basedequipment, satellite navigation permits accurate aircraft position determinationanywhere on or near the surface of the earth.More specifically, an aggressive exploitation of satellite navigation technologies willprovide substantial benefits to both the providers of such services in the region, as wellas the individual and combined user communities. The implementation of thistechnology in a country or region will provide the following benefits to aviationtransportation:

Enhance safety of flight throughout the region. Create a seamless navigation service throughout the region, based on a

standardized navigation service and common avionics. Allow for more efficient, optimized, flexible, and user preferred route structures. Increase system capacity. Allow for reduced separation minimums resulting in increased capacity and

capabilities. Experience significant savings from shortened flight times and reduced fuel

consumption. Reduce costs to each Individual State and increase overall benefits to that

Individual State and the entire region. Experience further economies from reduced maintenance and operation of

unnecessary ground-based systems. Improve ground and cockpit situational awareness. Increase landing capacity for aircraft and helicopters.

Additionally, the implementation of this technology will add a margin of safety tooperations within the expected coverage area by providing four-dimensional positioning,

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as opposed to the two-dimensional positioning of traditional systems. This will reduceaccidents by providing a consistent navigation capability that does not changeregardless of location, replace major portions of current ground-based navigationinfrastructures, and simplify avionics suites. It also offers a precision approach capabilityat any airport within that region. All aircraft equipped with certified GPS/WAAS/LAAS

receivers will have the needed accuracy, integrity, and availability for them to use GPSas a stand-alone navigation aid, and thus experience the benefits of seamless travelthroughout a region.

Marine ApplicationsSatellite navigation provides unprecedented accuracy and capabilities for mariners andtransportation managers. Underwater surveying, buoy placement, navigational hazardlocation, and mapping are increasingly being executed through the use of satellitenavigation signal data. Commercial fishing fleets use satellite navigation to navigate to

optimum fishing locations and to track fish migrations. Accesses to fast and accurateposition, course, and speed information will save time and fuel through more efficienttraffic routing.

Rail ApplicationsMany rail systems are comprised of long stretches of single track. Precise knowledge ofwhere a train is located is essential to prevent collisions, maintain smooth flow of traffic,and minimize costly delays due to waiting for clearance for track use. Satellitenavigation provides a sound position-locating capability for rail traffic managementsystems, be it to manage the movement of cars and engines in switchyards, or toensure the safety of work crews. Current technology will also allow for fully automatedtrain control through the use of a differential GPS capability, digital maps, and onboardinertial units.

Surface ApplicationsThe capabilities of satellite navigation, when coupled with communications and moderncomputerized management systems can help meet many of the transportationchallenges facing all modes of surface transportation. Currently, it is being used to adda new dimension for automatic vehicle location and in-vehicle navigation systems.It will also allow for automatic toll collection on toll roads without having to establishmanned tollbooths. Delivery companies will be able to plan routes for deliveries in theoptimum efficiency. All of the above can provide a source of revenue for a governmentand assist in funding of an integrated transportation system.

Public Safety ApplicationsSatellite navigation is fast becoming an industry standard for location information usedby emergency and other specialty fleets. Location and status information provided topublic safety systems offers managers a quantum leap forward in efficient operation oftheir emergency response teams. The ability to effectively identify and view the location

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of police, fire, rescue, and individual vehicles or boats means a whole new way of doingbusiness.

Agriculture ApplicationsSatellite navigation is helping farmers and agribusinesss to become more productive

and efficient in their farming practices. Today, many farmers use satellite navigation toconduct precision farming operations such as chemical and fertilizer application.Satellite navigation also provides location information that enables farmers to plow,harvest, map their fields, and to mark areas of disease or weed infestation - and to do itany time of day or night.

Surveying ApplicationsSatellite navigation can be used for simple surveying tasks such as defining a propertyline or for complex things like building infrastructure in urban centers. Locating a precisepoint of reference used to be very time consuming. With this revolutionary technology,

two people can survey literally dozens of control points in a single hour. Surveying andmapping of roads and rail systems can also be accomplished from mobile platforms,saving valuable time and money.

Recreation ApplicationsSatellite navigation technology has overcome many of the hardships and hazardsassociated with recreation. Portable receivers now allow users to traverse trails withconfidence; to know precisely where they are at all times. Outdoorsmen use it to stayapprised of location, heading, bearing, speed, distance, and time. With satellitenavigation, outdoor enthusiasts can accurately record any location and return to thatprecise spot time and again; and they can do it anywhere, and at any time.

Timing ApplicationsWith the accuracy of atomic clocks, satellite navigation systems are used to synchronizeclocks and events around the world. GPS time and information is extremely precise-tobillionths of a second. So precise, that paging companies depend on these satellites tosynchronize the transmission of data packets throughout their systems. Investmentbanking firms also rely on this service everyday so international transactions can berecorded simultaneously.

Environmental ApplicationsSatellite navigation gives decision-makers the ability to combine accurate position datawith descriptive information about the environment that is gathered across manykilometers of terrain. It can be used to survey disaster areas and map the movement ofenvironmental disasters such as forest fires and oil spills, and monitor how fast they arespreading. Satellite navigation mapping of environmental phenomena, such as ElNio, helps to save lives and protect property.

Space Applications

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Satellite navigation is revolutionizing and revitalizing the way nations operate in space helping to manage, track, and control satellites in orbit. By using space-borne andspecialized algorithms, a satellite will soon be capable of navigating itself; makingground stations simpler and requiring fewer operators. Future booster rockets andreusable launch vehicles will launch, orbit the earth, return and land, all under automatic

control using guidance provided by satellite navigation systems.NASASBACKGROUNDThe transition to satellite based navigation technology is a high priority of both theInternational Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and the Federal Aviation Administration(FAA). Both are jointly committed to a full and expedient transition to satellite-basednavigation systems for aviation operations. In support of this, the FAA has beenassisting ICAO for many years to help create this seamless Global Navigation SatelliteSystem, or GNSS.

WHAT IS NASAS?

A coalition of states/countries to establish a common standardized aviation servicecapability for navigation and landing which provides cost benefits and savings to allparticipants. Using ICAO guidelines as a basis, the participants have entered intoAgreements that will allow for state autonomy of operations and service and provide fora common good while requiring fewer resources to achieve current or greater individualstate capabilities.In a more direct effort to facilitate and expedite this capability within North America, theFAA has committed to assist ICAO, Canada, Mexico, and others in developing acommon technical capability and general implementation path for satellite navigationapplications for this region. This regional strategy and plan will ultimately create a NorthAmerican Satellite Augmentation System (NASAS) that is based on satellite navigationtechnologies.The NASAS will support uniform implementation of GPS throughout the North Americanregion, and include a wide area augmentation system (WAAS) capability that can betailored to each state. This capability can then be supplemented by country-specificlocal area augmentations (LAAS), as needed for more precise terminal area navigation.This effort could also include operational participation from country external to NorthAmerica, such as Iceland, Panama, and possibly Bermuda, in an effort to improvecoverage on the outer edges of North America and provide transition services to otherregions (Europe, the Caribbean and South America).

HOW NASAS WORKS

Wide-Area Reference Stations (WRSs) from Canada, Mexico, and others will be linkedto a WAAS network to form the basis of the NASAS. Signals from GPS satellites will bereceived and any errors in the signals are then determined. Each station in the networkrelays the data to a Wide-Area Master Station (WMS) where correction information forthe entire geographical area is computed. A correction message is prepared and

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uplinked to another satellite that is then broadcast over the entire region. This correctionmessage will improve GPS signal accuracy from 100 meters to approximately 7 meters.This group will address many issues, including the following:1. Phased implementation of service levels2. Phased implementation of benefits

3. Phased decommissioning4. Operational procedures5. Service performance requirements6. Contract acquisition development7. Operations and maintenance

BENEFITS

Cost...Participation from other nations will result in significant cost savings for all

authorities involved. It is projected that the FAA will save approximately $50M indeferred reference station implementation costs as a result of Canada and Mexicoparticipation.Standardization...The NASAS will also expand the operational boundaries in whichWAAS service will be provided, and is an integral step to transition North America fromground-based systems to a seamless augmentation system based on GPS.

Operational...Satellite navigation implementation throughout North America will providesubstantial benefits to service providers in the U.S., Canada and Mexico as well as tothe individual and combined user communities. Through the creation of the NASAS,North America will implement an operational system that will provide the followingbenefits to aviation:

Enhanced safety of flight. Create a seamless navigation service based on a standardized navigation

service and common avionics. More efficient, optimized, flexible and user preferred route structures. Increased system capacity. Reduced separation minimums that will result in increased capacity and

capabilities. Significant savings from shortened flight times, reduced fuel consumption

and reduced aircraft maintenance.

Reduced costs while increasing overall benefits forthe North American region. Reduced or elimination of maintenance and operation of unnecessary

ground-based systems. Improved ground and cockpit situational awareness. Increased landing capacityfor aircraft and helicopters.

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In addition to aviation benefits, other modes of transportation will also benefit from theincreased accuracy, availability, and integrity that the NASAS will deliver to all potentialusers. These modes include:

Marine Applications

Rail Applications Surface Applications Public Safety Applications Agriculture Applications Surveying Applications Recreation Applications Timing Applications Environmental Applications Space Applications

Organization Swot Analysis:Strengths:The growth in the company sales depends on the following aspects1. research and development spending2. equipment programmes3. extending the product range to suit changing customers needs4. marketing skills5. long-term projections contracts with customers6. cheap pricing policy7. product quality and reliable service.

Weakness:The navigation system that is under the process of implementation may face problemsand difficulties because it is based on the frequency modulation and on which manycompanies are based. The major problem such as signal transference which is entirely dependent on

frequency modulation. This problem may also lead to difficulties in tracing of cars. The problems of communication also play a great part regarding to this system.

To operate such a system one country needs a lot of investment as well as skilledlabour that is deficit in Pakistan. Products might have shorter life cycle than in past, in view of declining total market

demand

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Opportunities: The government of Pakistan has introduced various incentives in order to promote

the navigation system. It is providing boosters and radar free of cost to be installedin skyscrapers like the PTCL buildings or FGDC offices. If the radars and boostersare placed on lower ground levels than proper functioning may be under going many

problems. Secondly the Government of Pakistan is leasing half the cost from State Bank of

Pakistan to attract private investors and multi-national companies.

Threats: The biggest threat that we are facing at present is the risk of foreign companies.

Since 1947, Pakistan has developed a great deal and advanced rapidly. Butcomparatively we are far behind from the western countries therefore the risk of theirattraction towards investment and settlement in Pakistan may lead to loss of ournavigation setup. Because machinery and equipments which we are using are far tomeager than foreign ones. So we are at the risk of elimination of our methods.

There may be a decline in the end market for the customers product so thecustomer demands for the companys own products will also fall.

Conclusion:If we wisely apply the SWOT ANALYSIS then the navigation system will end up as agreat success.

Services to customers:

There will be a tracker system installed with the navigation system as well, which willbenefit the customer by providing him with 100% safety measures.

If the car is being robbed or has been stolen then the consumer will get a messageor sms on his mobile phone that will point out that his car is in being stolen or has

been stolen. The customer will not have to rush around for the installation of this system because

he or she will be provided with a UAN number. He will be given home service andany kind of defaults or errors will be dealt in the consumers home. So he will be fullysatisfied and not under any kind of distress.

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Cash, credit cards or cheque can give the payments for the navigation system. Thiswill help in reducing the tension of the customer, as payments will be easy andcomfy.

One more service for the customer is that, he can purchase this system on monthlyinstallments where he will not be troubled to pay the huge sum of money altogether.

Internal and External Functions:

The car will be provided with 25 chips and a LCD screen in order to guide thecustomer to follow the right path or direction towards his particular destination.

It will be based on frequency modulation (as mentioned above) which will work on109522655 MHz.

Long Term Goals and Strategies:

To earn profit and a reasonable outcome. Betterment for traffic provisions. Decline of car thefts. Gradually extend this system all over the world. More advertisements to promote its growth. Introduction of more advanced equipments. Lowest present value of cost. Mutually exclusive investment opportunities Evaluation of alternatives. Direction of organization systems and employees. Generation of alternative options. Objectives need to be quantified in order to assess the extent to which new long

term strategies are required. Development programmes related to IT of navigation system should continue. Diversification opportunities should be sought with a view to exploit any competitive

advantage or synergy that might be achievable.

CONCLUSION:

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Although the navigation system can increase the costs of the cars by a great amount fore.g. a car being sold at Rs.12 lakhs can be sold at Rs.14 lakhs because of theinstallation of car navigating system but it can have various benefits and advantages ifimplemented in Pakistan.According to the conditions and present situation Pakistan is undergoing, the navigation

system can prove very helpful in reducing much of the crimes that are happening allover our country. Not only this kind of a system reduces crimes it also becomes verybeneficiary for the consumer, as it is time efficient as well as helps him to trace or trackhis device esp. cars if lost or probably stolen. This system will also maintain a balancein traffic passage and will help to lessen the traffic jams in the busy roads of Pakistanespecially Karachi. It actually guides the routes to specific places. For instance thisdevice can aid the foreigners, as the location of our landmarks as well as skyscraperswill be available in a screen. Students especially in Pakistan also can take theassistance of this gadget because they will have a idea or image that where actuallythey are present and to where they have to go. Of this system The Navigation System isnot only limited to the grass roots stages it is a large-scale system as it is used in

various sectors. The airlines department, agricultural sector, marine and railways makegreat use of this system. It will provide a monumental increase in safety for all aircarriers, as well as standardize navigation aids and associated avionics throughout theregion. When looking at the bottom line, it will also save millions of dollars inimplementation, operation, and maintenance expenses for all participants. The users ofthis navigation system will always feel at ease because they wont be at the risk oflosing their valuables. Pakistan would also benefit from this particular gadget as itscrime rate will decline and it will prosper in the path of advancement and introduction offurther technological development. Thus we conclude that the implementation ofNAVIGATION SYSTEM can bring the entry of a new Golden Era for the development &progress of our nation.

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