government of sri lanka - regional developmentdinesh mohan indian institute of technology delhi...

Dinesh Mohan

INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY DELHI

IMPACT OF ROAD TRAFFIC CRASHES

IN ASIA

19 November 2014

UNITED NATIONS CENTRE FOR REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT

Nagono 1-47-1, Nakamura-ku, Nagoya 450-0001, Japan Tel: (+81-52) 561-9377 Fax: (+81-52) 561-9374

Government of Sri Lanka

6 August 2014

Subject: Official Invitation to the Integrated Conference of Better Air Quality (BAQ) 2014

and Intergovernmental Eighth Regional Environmentally Sustainable Transport (EST) Forum in Asia, 19-21 November 2014, Colombo, Sri Lanka

Dear Dr. Mohan,

It is our great pleasure to inform you that the Ministry of Environment and Renewable Energy (MERE), Ministry of Transport (MOT) of the Government of Sri Lanka, Ministry of the Environment of the Government of Japan (MOE-Japan), Clean Air Asia (CAA), and the United Nations Centre for Regional Development (UNCRD) will be co-organizing the “Integrated Conference of Better Air Quality (BAQ) 2014 and Intergovernmental Eighth Regional Environmentally Sustainable Transport (EST) Forum in Asia” from 19 to 21 November, 2014 in Colombo, Sri Lanka.

Transport plays an important role in development, including the production of goods and

services, and impacts all sectors of the economy and society. The outcome of the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development (Rio+20) held in Rio de Janeiro in June 2012, has provided the development community with a meaningful framework to design and implement environmentally-sound, economically-efficient, and socially-inclusive transport policies and programmes. In the Rio+20 Outcome Document – The Future We Want, the Heads of State and Government and high-level representatives acknowledged that transportation and mobility are central to sustainable development. Recognizing that environmentally-sustainable transportation can enhance economic growth and improve accessibility, the Rio+20 outcomes called for, among others, efficient movement of people and goods, and access to environmentally-sound, safe, and affordable transportation as a means to improve social equity, health, resilience of cities, urban-rural linkages, and productivity in both urban and rural areas.

Over the last two decades, the Asian region has been moving into an era of unprecedented

urbanization and remarkable economic growth. As a result, the proportion of motorization and industrialization has significantly increased. Consequently, the demand for public transport and freight and logistics in the region is growing significantly, and cities are expanding much faster than the required infrastructure and services in place. This rapid pace of urbanization and motorization throughout the region is creating vast challenges to already infrastructure-deficit developing countries of the region in realizing safe, efficient, affordable, people-and-environment friendly transport system. Dr. Dinesh Mohan Volvo Chair Professor Emeritus Transport Research and Injury Prevention Programme WHO Collaborating Centre Indian Institute of Technology Delhi Room 815, 7th Floor Main Building Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016 India Tel: +91 11 2659 6361 FAX:+91 11 2685 8703 Email: [email protected]

ᅜ㝿㐃ྜᆅᇦ㛤Ⓨ0001-450ࠛ ࣮ࢱࣥࢭ ྡྂᒇᕷ୰ᮧ༊㑣ྂ㔝 1-47-1 TEL: 052-561-9377 FAX: 052-561-9374

“Action in the absence of knowledge can be dangerous

and worse than no action at all”

M. K. Gandhi

平成26年 11月 19日

平成26年 11月 19日

Road traffic fatalities per 100,000 persons for 178 countries, self reported for 2010

India’s death rate to reduce after 2040!

0"

5"

10"

15"

20"

25"

30"

35"

40"

45"

100" 1,000" 10,000"

Es+m

ated

"of"roa

d"traffi

c"de

aths"per"100,000"pop

ula+

on"

Per"capita"income"US$"(2010)"

IRAN

USA

JAPAN

MEXICO EGYPT

THAILAND

FATALITIES/100,000 PERSONS WHO ESTIMATES 2013

TANZANIA

IIT Delhi 3 January 2014

INDIA

平成26年 11月 19日

!Cars!&!heavy!vehicles

Motorised!2/3!

wheelersBicyclists Pedestrians Other

(a)!As!reported!for!India!in!WHO!Global!Status!Report!on!Road!Safety!2013

37 32 5 9 17

(b)!Data!from!InKdepth!studies!form!IndiaDelhi* 9 37 6 46 2Vadodara* 9 29 8 54 0Agra* 11 39 9 41 0Highways+ 32 24 11 32 1

Fatalities!by!type!of!road!user,!per!cent

*,Mohan,,D.,et,al.,,2013,,,+,,Tiwari,,G.,et,al.,,2000

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Revised esBmates for costs of road traffic crash injuries in India for 1995 (Source: Mohan, D. 2002)

Injury'severityEstimated'number'of'persons

Estimated'cost'in'1995'Rs'(million)

Fatalities 71,948 38,527Serious,major/injuries

1,079,220 188,698*

Minor/injuries 5,036,360 94,960TOTAL 322,186

3.2/per/centTotal/cost/as/per/cent//of/GDP*"Note:"cost"of"serious"injuries"is"taken"as"the"average"of"serious"and"major"injuries"(Rs.174847.5)"as"stated"in"the"in"the"TCS"report"

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EsBmates for cost of RTI in India in 2012 based on IRAP guidelines

Statistical(value IRAP(Ratio

Estimated(number(2012

Total(amount(for(country,(million(Rs.

Life 56*PCI 150,000 756,000Serious(Injury 17*PCI 1,500,000 2,295,000Total((for(life(lost(and(injury

3,051,000

Per(cent(of(GDP

2.8

Notes:'(1)'All'values'used'based'on'median''numbers'suggeted'by'IRAP'(Mcmahon,'K.'and'Dahdah,'S.,'2008.)'(2)'Per'capita'income'(PCI)'in'India'and'GDP'vales'used'for'2012.'(3)'10%'undercount'assumed'for'total'fatalities'in'India'in'2012)

IIT Delhi 平成26年 11月 19日

Drink Safely

Drink limit 200 ml Low probability of

Diarrhoea


0" 0.5" 1" 1.5" 2" 2.5" 3" 3.5" 4" 4.5"

Agra"

Bhopal"

Vadodra"

Vishakhapatnam"

Fatal;es"associated"with"vehicle"type,""per"vehicle"km"(X100,000)"

MTW" TSR" Car"

Mohan, D, Tiwari, G, Mukherjee, S 2013


Phone: (+91 11) 2659 6361 FAX: 2685 8703 http://tripp.iitd.ac.in/

APPENDIX 1 Road Traffic Crashes in Agra: A Summary

Abbreviations

TSR – Three or four wheeled autos plying as public para transit vehicles MTW – Motorised Two-wheeled vehicles

Proportion of road users killed on roads of Agra

Road user deaths and the type of vehicle/object hit

Victims of road traffic crashes in Indian cities


Comparing randomly selected cities (number of lanes)

平成26年 11月 19日

LESSONS OF HISTORY

!  Propaganda and educaBon have very liVle benefit

!  Driver educaBon programmes do not reduce crash rates significantly

!  Very high fines do not reduce accidents but hide the data and promote corrupBon

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What works?

!  Vehicles designed for passive and acBve safety !  Roads designed to control speeds and inform users

regarding appropriate behaviour

!  Enforcement on roads that informs people that they are being watched

!  Development of local experBse

!  Independent Road Safety Agency in the government

平成26年 11月 19日

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