governments of the world
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Governments of the World. LEQ’s. What is government? What are the major types of government? How is power distributed within these various governments? What is the role of the citizen in the various types of government?. What is “government” anyway?. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
GOVERNMENTS OF THE WORLD
LEARNING TARGETS
What is government? What are the major types of
government? How is power distributed within
these various governments? What is the role of the citizen in
the various types of government?
WHAT IS “GOVERNMENT”
ANYWAY?The people & groups of people that have the power to make the laws & see that
they are obeyed.
CAN YOU FIGURE OUT THE MEANING OF THE VARIOUS TYPES OF GOVERNMENTS? LET’S BREAK THE WORDS
APART!Part of Word Meaning
Arch Root Chief, most important, rule, having authority over
An- Prefix withoutMon- (mono) Prefix One, single, alone
-cracy Suffix Rule or government by …
Theo - Prefix god
Demo - Prefix People
-cratic Suffix A person who takes part in or is a member of a form of government
Auto- Prefix Self
Olig – from Greek oligos few
CAN YOU FIGURE OUT THE MEANING OF THE VARIOUS TYPES OF GOVERNMENTS? LET’S BREAK THE WORDS
APART!Part of Word Meaning
Anarchy An + archWithout + chief / ruler
= without chief / ruler or government
Monarchy Mon + archSingle + chief / ruler
= single chief / ruler
Democracy Demo + cracyPeople + government by
= government by the people
Theocracy Theo + cracyGod + government by
= government by god (or those given authority by god)
Oligarchic Olig + archFew + chief / ruler
= government by a few
WHAT ARE THE MAJOR TYPES OF GOVERNMENT?
Anarchy Communist Republic Democracy
Dictatorship Theocracy Monarchy
WHAT ARE THE VARIOUS TYPES OF GOVERNMENTS?
Now that you have a basic knowledge of the various types of governments, let’s look a little further …
ANARCHY There is no government
This can happen after a civil war in a country, when a government has been destroyed and rival groups are fighting to take its place
Anarchists - people who believe that government is a bad thing b/c it stops people from living their own lives
Example … Rwanda during the genocide
COMMUNIST
A system of government in which the
state controls the economy
a single party holds all the power
Head is usually a dictator
Citizens
have no rights or voice in government …
sometimes even told where to work &how much to get paid
Economic system – communist
Example … Vietnam
REPUBLIC A form of government in which
people rule through elected representatives
Citizens
have a very active role in government … through elections (VOTING!!)
help make governmental decisions
Economic system – Mixed / Market
Examples - US
DEMOCRACY
A government that receives its power from the people
Citizens have a very active role in government
through elections help make governmental decisions
Economic system – Mixed / Market Examples … India, Canada
2 FORMS OF DEMOCRACY
Parliamentary The head of the gov. is the leader of
the legislature – usually called the Prime Minister
Parliament – representatives of the people
Prime minister – elected by members of the parliament – NOT the people!
People vote – lots of citizen participation
Example - Israel
Presidential Leader is an elected president –
chosen in a separate election from the legislature
Legislature – representatives of people
President – elected by the people
People vote – lots of citizen participation
Example – US
DICTATORSHIP A form of gov in which
absolute power is controlled by a dictator
Head – dictator –
can be elected then become a dictator OR head of military force that takes over gov.
Citizens
may or may not enjoy a few rights, but have no voice in gov.
Economic system – Command
Example … North Korea
THEOCRACY
A government
ruled by a religious leader
Head – ayatollah
by attaining a congregation of followers
Citizens enjoy some rights and can vote on some issues
Economic system – Mixed / Market
Example … Iran
MONARCHYAbsolute Monarchy A gov. in which the royal
ruler has total control
Head – king or queen – usually hereditary (next in line)
Citizens enjoy many rights, such as where to work
Mixed economy
Example – Saudi Arabia (very rare to have an absolute monarchy today)
Constitutional Monarchy A system of gov. in which the
power is shared between the monarchy and an elected branch of gov.
Head of gov. is usually the head of the elected branch … usually the monarch serves a more symbolic role
Citizens have rights an can vote
Market (or mixed) economy
Example – England
LIMITED V. UNLIMITED GOVERNMENTS
What do you think a limited government is/means?
Which of the govs. do you think are limited governments?
What do you think an unlimited government is/means? Which of the govs. do you think are
unlimited governments?
LIMITED V. UNLIMITED GOVERNMENT
Limited Leaders are LIMITED
in their power / authority
Leaders have to OBEY the laws!
Example – democracies, republics
Unlimited Leaders have
unlimited power – no limits on their authority!
Leaders to NOT have to obey the laws!
Example – monarchies, dictatorships
AND YET … ONE MORE ASPECT OF GOVERNMENTS WE NEED TO DISCUSS!
HOW IS POWER DISTRIBUTED WITHIN THE VARIOUS TYPES OF GOVERNMENT?
Unitary
• Central (national) gov. possess MOST authority / decision making powers
• Examples – South Africa, Sierra Leon, Rwanda
Confederation
• Local gov. possess power / authority / decision making powers
• Examples – US PRIOR to Constitution – under the Articles of Confederation
Federal
• Power shared between central (national) and local govs. In authority / decision making powers
• Example - US
OKAY … NOW THAT WE KNOW ALL ABOUT GOVERNMENTS, THAT’S THE END RIGHT?
WRONG!!!One more thing … what is the citizen’s role in each of these governments? Do citizens enjoy the same rights and privileges
within each of these governments? Do citizens help establish the rules and laws in
each of these governments?
WHAT IS THE CITIZEN’S ROLE IN VARIOUS GOVERNMENTS?
Autocratic
• In gov – one person possess unlimited power
• Citizen has little – if any – role in gov
• Examples • Dictatorship• Absolute monarchy
Oligarchic
• Gov – by very few – small group who govern – usually for selfish & corrupt reasons
• Citizens – have very little – if any, role
• Very rare – b/c usually 1 person will assume control and then becomes autocratic
• Example – • South Africa during
apartheid
Democratic
• Gov – elected by the people
• Citizens have very active role – elect representatives
• Examples • Republic• Democracy• USA
WORDS TO KNOW … Autocratic
Oligarchic
Democratic
Unitary
Confederation
Federal
Absolute monarchy
Constitutional monarchy
Parliamentary democracy
Presidential democracy
Anarchy
Communist
Republic
Democracy
Dictatorship
Theocracy